Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1177/00221465241249697
Matthew D Matsaganis, Maria Petraki, Vassia Karanatsiou
"Solidarity outpatient clinics" (SOCs) emerged in Greece as a novel community-based health care resource during the global economic crisis that started in 2008. They have provided crucial social support to diverse vulnerable populations. Solidarity is a critical organizational principle underlying SOCs' operation. It is juxtaposed to charity to emphasize, among other things, building symmetrical relationships between providers and patients. Employing a case study approach and a multilevel, multimethod research design, we analyzed qualitative data collected through semistructured interviews (N = 20) with patients, staff, and other local stakeholders and content of monthly informational bulletins (N = 26) and weekly radio shows (N = 48) produced by a prominent SOC in Greece's capital. Findings provide insight into structural and functional dimensions of social support exchanges at SOCs and extend our understanding of different types of social support and the organizational contexts through which they are secured, particularly during financial crises.
{"title":"Providing Health Care and Social Support during Economic Crises: Lessons Learned from \"Solidarity Outpatient Clinics\" in Greece during the Great Recession.","authors":"Matthew D Matsaganis, Maria Petraki, Vassia Karanatsiou","doi":"10.1177/00221465241249697","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465241249697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"Solidarity outpatient clinics\" (SOCs) emerged in Greece as a novel community-based health care resource during the global economic crisis that started in 2008. They have provided crucial social support to diverse vulnerable populations. Solidarity is a critical organizational principle underlying SOCs' operation. It is juxtaposed to charity to emphasize, among other things, building symmetrical relationships between providers and patients. Employing a case study approach and a multilevel, multimethod research design, we analyzed qualitative data collected through semistructured interviews (N = 20) with patients, staff, and other local stakeholders and content of monthly informational bulletins (N = 26) and weekly radio shows (N = 48) produced by a prominent SOC in Greece's capital. Findings provide insight into structural and functional dimensions of social support exchanges at SOCs and extend our understanding of different types of social support and the organizational contexts through which they are secured, particularly during financial crises.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"618-634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1177/00221465241292112
{"title":"Editorial Acknowledgment of Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00221465241292112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241292112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"65 4","pages":"635-637"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1177/00221465241291690
Ariel Azar
{"title":"Work-Family Life Course Trajectories and Women’s Mental Health: The Moderating Role of Defamilization Policies in 15 European Territories","authors":"Ariel Azar","doi":"10.1177/00221465241291690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241291690","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142597242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1177/00221465241283745
Sara M. Moorman, Jooyoung Kong
Most research on the strong relationship between education and cognitive aging has focused on years of schooling. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study—a sample of White persons born in 1939—we explored whether greater curricular rigor in high school was also associated with better cognitive function in later life. We estimated multilevel structural equation models in data from 2,749 participants who attended 308 Wisconsin high schools, graduating in 1957. Independent of academic ability and performance and school-level financial and material resources, a more rigorous high school curriculum was associated with significantly better global cognitive functioning in 2020, when most participants were 81 years old. There was also a significant mediation via eventual degree attainment. The mediation was moderated such that men and participants from high socioeconomic status families benefited most from a rigorous curriculum. We discuss implications for modern educational policy.
{"title":"High School Curricular Rigor and Cognitive Function among White Older Adults","authors":"Sara M. Moorman, Jooyoung Kong","doi":"10.1177/00221465241283745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241283745","url":null,"abstract":"Most research on the strong relationship between education and cognitive aging has focused on years of schooling. Using data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study—a sample of White persons born in 1939—we explored whether greater curricular rigor in high school was also associated with better cognitive function in later life. We estimated multilevel structural equation models in data from 2,749 participants who attended 308 Wisconsin high schools, graduating in 1957. Independent of academic ability and performance and school-level financial and material resources, a more rigorous high school curriculum was associated with significantly better global cognitive functioning in 2020, when most participants were 81 years old. There was also a significant mediation via eventual degree attainment. The mediation was moderated such that men and participants from high socioeconomic status families benefited most from a rigorous curriculum. We discuss implications for modern educational policy.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00221465241276818
Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann
Although there is robust evidence that socioeconomic position influences later-life cognitive function, two issues limit knowledge regarding the nature and magnitude of these relationships and potential policy interventions. First, most social science research tends to treat cognition as a unitary concept despite evidence that cognitive outcomes are not interchangeable. Second, most biomedical research focuses exclusively on education, with limited attention to economic resources despite robust social science theoretical and empirical rationales for their role. Relatedly, there has been limited attention to how these relationships may vary across cohorts, even as educational and economic contexts have changed. Using the Health and Retirement Study (N = 36,494), we show that failing to attend to different facets of cognition, socioeconomic resources, and cohort differences leads to underestimates in the magnitude of educational and economic disparities in cognitive function and decline. This has important implications for appropriate policy interventions to address these disparities.
{"title":"Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life.","authors":"Pamela Herd,Katrina M Walsemann","doi":"10.1177/00221465241276818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241276818","url":null,"abstract":"Although there is robust evidence that socioeconomic position influences later-life cognitive function, two issues limit knowledge regarding the nature and magnitude of these relationships and potential policy interventions. First, most social science research tends to treat cognition as a unitary concept despite evidence that cognitive outcomes are not interchangeable. Second, most biomedical research focuses exclusively on education, with limited attention to economic resources despite robust social science theoretical and empirical rationales for their role. Relatedly, there has been limited attention to how these relationships may vary across cohorts, even as educational and economic contexts have changed. Using the Health and Retirement Study (N = 36,494), we show that failing to attend to different facets of cognition, socioeconomic resources, and cohort differences leads to underestimates in the magnitude of educational and economic disparities in cognitive function and decline. This has important implications for appropriate policy interventions to address these disparities.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"8 1","pages":"221465241276818"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00221465241286801
Golda Kaplan
Although clinicians have been the focus of research on trust in health care, much of the health guidance Americans receive occurs outside clinical settings. School-based health education is one such setting. Given the importance of interpersonal dynamics to clinicians' work, trust likely features heavily in achieving health educators' outcomes. This study asks: How do health educators approach building trust with students? In interviews with 39 sexual health educators in Ohio and Illinois, I find that educators report several strategies that they use in their attempt to build student trust: They use personal anecdotes and informality to distinguish themselves from teachers; adjust their approach based on their race, gender, or age if they perceive these identities impede trust; and emphasize lessons are factual when facing pushback. My findings reveal key differences in how clinicians and nonclinical professionals approach trust and more broadly, how organizational factors impact health professionals' approach to trust.
{"title":"Sex Educators' Strategies for Building Student Trust.","authors":"Golda Kaplan","doi":"10.1177/00221465241286801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241286801","url":null,"abstract":"Although clinicians have been the focus of research on trust in health care, much of the health guidance Americans receive occurs outside clinical settings. School-based health education is one such setting. Given the importance of interpersonal dynamics to clinicians' work, trust likely features heavily in achieving health educators' outcomes. This study asks: How do health educators approach building trust with students? In interviews with 39 sexual health educators in Ohio and Illinois, I find that educators report several strategies that they use in their attempt to build student trust: They use personal anecdotes and informality to distinguish themselves from teachers; adjust their approach based on their race, gender, or age if they perceive these identities impede trust; and emphasize lessons are factual when facing pushback. My findings reveal key differences in how clinicians and nonclinical professionals approach trust and more broadly, how organizational factors impact health professionals' approach to trust.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"99 1","pages":"221465241286801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00221465241281371
Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder
The "countervailing powers" framework conceptualizes health care as an arena for power contests among key stakeholders, drawing attention to the moves, countermoves, and alliances that have challenged physicians' dominance since the 1970s. Here, we focus on one of the lesser known micro-level consequences of such forces for physicians: emotional distress. We draw on 145 interviews with frontline physicians across four U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic to trace physicians' experiences with three countervailing forces: the state, health care organizations, and patients. We find that threats to physician dominance eroded physicians' sense of mastery (perceived personal control) at work, thereby prompting emotional distress, including anger and moral conflict. Conversely, in certain cases, acts of resistance may have helped increase mastery, thus moderating distress. Our findings advance the countervailing powers framework by elucidating some of the micro-level, personal consequences of macro-level power struggles and offer practical implications for understanding contemporary threats to physician dominance.
{"title":"Forces to Be Reckoned with: Countervailing Powers and Physician Emotional Distress during COVID-19.","authors":"Tania M Jenkins,Liza Buchbinder,Mara Buchbinder","doi":"10.1177/00221465241281371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241281371","url":null,"abstract":"The \"countervailing powers\" framework conceptualizes health care as an arena for power contests among key stakeholders, drawing attention to the moves, countermoves, and alliances that have challenged physicians' dominance since the 1970s. Here, we focus on one of the lesser known micro-level consequences of such forces for physicians: emotional distress. We draw on 145 interviews with frontline physicians across four U.S. cities during the COVID-19 pandemic to trace physicians' experiences with three countervailing forces: the state, health care organizations, and patients. We find that threats to physician dominance eroded physicians' sense of mastery (perceived personal control) at work, thereby prompting emotional distress, including anger and moral conflict. Conversely, in certain cases, acts of resistance may have helped increase mastery, thus moderating distress. Our findings advance the countervailing powers framework by elucidating some of the micro-level, personal consequences of macro-level power struggles and offer practical implications for understanding contemporary threats to physician dominance.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"1 1","pages":"221465241281371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1177/00221465241276778
Aimee Hilado, Melissa Bond, Elizabeth Sanchez
This article examines variables that predict mental health care enrollment and engagement among refugees. The authors explore a mental health care model designed to identify mental health needs early among refugee arrivals that may interfere with adjustment and overall health outcomes using data from a Midwest refugee resettlement program. Using ecological models of mental distress and theories on help-seeking behaviors, the authors used logistic and count regressions to predict enrollment in mental health care services and utilization rates. Gender, nationality, and presenting problems were significant predictors of enrollment and length of engagement in services. The findings provide guidance to practitioners and resettlement agencies on refugee mental health and opportunities to increasing access and engagement in mental health care.
{"title":"Predicting Mental Health Care Enrollment and Treatment Uptake among Newly Arrived Refugees in U.S. Resettlement Programs","authors":"Aimee Hilado, Melissa Bond, Elizabeth Sanchez","doi":"10.1177/00221465241276778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241276778","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines variables that predict mental health care enrollment and engagement among refugees. The authors explore a mental health care model designed to identify mental health needs early among refugee arrivals that may interfere with adjustment and overall health outcomes using data from a Midwest refugee resettlement program. Using ecological models of mental distress and theories on help-seeking behaviors, the authors used logistic and count regressions to predict enrollment in mental health care services and utilization rates. Gender, nationality, and presenting problems were significant predictors of enrollment and length of engagement in services. The findings provide guidance to practitioners and resettlement agencies on refugee mental health and opportunities to increasing access and engagement in mental health care.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"326 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/00221465241271072
Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat, Emily E. Wiemers, Douglas A. Wolf, Xue Zhang
The contextual predictors of mortality in the United States are well documented, but the COVID-19 pandemic may have upended those associations. Informed by the social history of disease framework (SHDF), this study examined how the importance of county contexts on adult deaths from all causes, drug poisonings, and COVID-19-related causes fluctuated during the pandemic. Using 2018 to 2021 vital statistics data, for each quarter, we estimated associations between county-level deaths among adults ages 25 to 64 and prepandemic county-level contexts (economic conditions, racial-ethnic composition, population health profile, and physician supply). The pandemic significantly elevated the importance of county contexts—particularly median household income and counties’ preexisting health profile—on all-cause and drug poisoning deaths. The elevated importance of household income may be long-lasting. Contextual inequalities in COVID-19-related deaths rose and then fell, as the SHDF predicts, but rose again along with socio-political disruptions. The findings support and extend the SHDF.
{"title":"Stability and Volatility in the Contextual Predictors of Working-Age Mortality in the United States","authors":"Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat, Emily E. Wiemers, Douglas A. Wolf, Xue Zhang","doi":"10.1177/00221465241271072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00221465241271072","url":null,"abstract":"The contextual predictors of mortality in the United States are well documented, but the COVID-19 pandemic may have upended those associations. Informed by the social history of disease framework (SHDF), this study examined how the importance of county contexts on adult deaths from all causes, drug poisonings, and COVID-19-related causes fluctuated during the pandemic. Using 2018 to 2021 vital statistics data, for each quarter, we estimated associations between county-level deaths among adults ages 25 to 64 and prepandemic county-level contexts (economic conditions, racial-ethnic composition, population health profile, and physician supply). The pandemic significantly elevated the importance of county contexts—particularly median household income and counties’ preexisting health profile—on all-cause and drug poisoning deaths. The elevated importance of household income may be long-lasting. Contextual inequalities in COVID-19-related deaths rose and then fell, as the SHDF predicts, but rose again along with socio-political disruptions. The findings support and extend the SHDF.","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changes in family structure (e.g., parental separation or stepfamily formation) are associated with a deterioration in children's well-being. Most researchers have focused on the impact of such changes on children's educational and psychosocial outcomes, whereas the effects on children's biological processes have been studied less often. We analyze the effects of changes in family structure on children's stress levels using data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents study (2003-2006 and 2014-2017). Our outcome variable is the biomarker c-reactive protein (CRP), which correlates with psychological distress and is collected from blood samples. Calculating first-difference estimators, we analyze whether children have higher CRP levels after changing to (1) single-parent families (n = 117) or (2) stepfamilies (n = 80). Our findings suggest that changing to a single-parent family significantly increases children's stress, whereas changing to a stepfamily does not. These observations are important because increased stress in childhood can negatively affect well-being later in life.
{"title":"Analyzing the Impact of Family Structure Changes on Children's Stress Levels Using a Stress Biomarker.","authors":"Pauline Kleinschlömer, Mine Kühn, Lara Bister, Tobias C Vogt, Sandra Krapf","doi":"10.1177/00221465231223953","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00221465231223953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes in family structure (e.g., parental separation or stepfamily formation) are associated with a deterioration in children's well-being. Most researchers have focused on the impact of such changes on children's educational and psychosocial outcomes, whereas the effects on children's biological processes have been studied less often. We analyze the effects of changes in family structure on children's stress levels using data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents study (2003-2006 and 2014-2017). Our outcome variable is the biomarker c-reactive protein (CRP), which correlates with psychological distress and is collected from blood samples. Calculating first-difference estimators, we analyze whether children have higher CRP levels after changing to (1) single-parent families (n = 117) or (2) stepfamilies (n = 80). Our findings suggest that changing to a single-parent family significantly increases children's stress, whereas changing to a stepfamily does not. These observations are important because increased stress in childhood can negatively affect well-being later in life.</p>","PeriodicalId":51349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"449-465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139713303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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