Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1177/08944865231199791
Philipp Sieger, Naveed Akhter, Francesco Chirico
Applying an inductive case study approach, we analyze four Pakistani family business portfolios and reveal that rural-based family business portfolios tend to grow internally (organically) and through related diversification. In contrast, urban-based portfolios rather grow externally through acquisitions and partnerships and pursue unrelated diversification. The family’s entrepreneurial legacy and how it is transferred to members of the next generation through grooming and imprinting in rural versus urban contexts emerge as a key underlying mechanism.
{"title":"Rural and Urban Family Business Portfolio Growth: The Role of Entrepreneurial Legacy","authors":"Philipp Sieger, Naveed Akhter, Francesco Chirico","doi":"10.1177/08944865231199791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231199791","url":null,"abstract":"Applying an inductive case study approach, we analyze four Pakistani family business portfolios and reveal that rural-based family business portfolios tend to grow internally (organically) and through related diversification. In contrast, urban-based portfolios rather grow externally through acquisitions and partnerships and pursue unrelated diversification. The family’s entrepreneurial legacy and how it is transferred to members of the next generation through grooming and imprinting in rural versus urban contexts emerge as a key underlying mechanism.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136212014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1177/08944865231192339
Philipp Jaufenthaler, Oliver Koll, Maximilian Lude, Reinhard Prügl
While most studies on family firm branding report positive reputational consequences, we lack empirical evidence to which degree these benefits vary across different geographical contexts. This study explores associations elicited by the term family business in Germany, India, and the United States and discusses reasons for the varying differentiation power of the family firm signal. Our large-scale association study ( n = 1,383) reveals that prototypical family firm perceptions are prevalent in the United States and Germany, but less in India. Through qualitative insights and an experimental study, we investigate why the power of the family firm signal to enhance reputation varies across countries.
{"title":"Country Differences in Family Firm Reputation: An Exploration in Germany, India, and the United States","authors":"Philipp Jaufenthaler, Oliver Koll, Maximilian Lude, Reinhard Prügl","doi":"10.1177/08944865231192339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231192339","url":null,"abstract":"While most studies on family firm branding report positive reputational consequences, we lack empirical evidence to which degree these benefits vary across different geographical contexts. This study explores associations elicited by the term family business in Germany, India, and the United States and discusses reasons for the varying differentiation power of the family firm signal. Our large-scale association study ( n = 1,383) reveals that prototypical family firm perceptions are prevalent in the United States and Germany, but less in India. Through qualitative insights and an experimental study, we investigate why the power of the family firm signal to enhance reputation varies across countries.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42610768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.1177/08944865231185799
E. Tetzlaff, Peter Jaskiewicz, Johan Wiklund
, family responses to a family
，家庭对家庭的回应
{"title":"Implications of Mental Health for Business Families and Family Businesses: Toward a Holistic Research Agenda","authors":"E. Tetzlaff, Peter Jaskiewicz, Johan Wiklund","doi":"10.1177/08944865231185799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231185799","url":null,"abstract":", family responses to a family","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"284 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48313837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1177/08944865231188788
R. Suddaby, W. Ng, Natalia Vershinina, G. Markman, Matthew J. Cadbury
How do family values endure decades after an enterprise is no longer a family business? Addressing this question has been a challenge in social theory, and it is an issue of particular concern for family businesses where firm and family values are often indistinguishable. We analyze the transmission of family, organizational, and religious values across generations in Cadbury, a multinational confectionary company founded in England in 1824. We identify sacralization as a central process that explains Cadbury’s success in transferring values across time and different organizational structures. We describe how sacralization is driven by moralization, communion, and syncretism.
{"title":"Sacralization and the Intergenerational Transmission of Values in Cadbury","authors":"R. Suddaby, W. Ng, Natalia Vershinina, G. Markman, Matthew J. Cadbury","doi":"10.1177/08944865231188788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231188788","url":null,"abstract":"How do family values endure decades after an enterprise is no longer a family business? Addressing this question has been a challenge in social theory, and it is an issue of particular concern for family businesses where firm and family values are often indistinguishable. We analyze the transmission of family, organizational, and religious values across generations in Cadbury, a multinational confectionary company founded in England in 1824. We identify sacralization as a central process that explains Cadbury’s success in transferring values across time and different organizational structures. We describe how sacralization is driven by moralization, communion, and syncretism.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"296 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45776124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.1177/08944865231182194
Yang Yu, T. Bai, Fei Tang, Y. Liu
This study investigates the effect of nonfamily chief executive officers (CEOs) on family firms’ propensity to form political connections. We combine research on corporate political activity and family business and draw from the bounded reliability theory to analyze how the presence of a nonfamily CEO is related to the hiring of politically connected managers and board members. We further examine how our base hypothesis is contingent upon the organizational and environmental factors influencing nonfamily CEOs’ bounded reliability. Using the data from publicly listed Chinese family firms, support for our model was found. The study advances the understanding of family firms’ political activity.
{"title":"The Impact of Nonfamily CEOs on Family Firms’ Pursuit of Political Connections: The Theory of Bounded Reliability Perspective","authors":"Yang Yu, T. Bai, Fei Tang, Y. Liu","doi":"10.1177/08944865231182194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231182194","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of nonfamily chief executive officers (CEOs) on family firms’ propensity to form political connections. We combine research on corporate political activity and family business and draw from the bounded reliability theory to analyze how the presence of a nonfamily CEO is related to the hiring of politically connected managers and board members. We further examine how our base hypothesis is contingent upon the organizational and environmental factors influencing nonfamily CEOs’ bounded reliability. Using the data from publicly listed Chinese family firms, support for our model was found. The study advances the understanding of family firms’ political activity.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"315 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47026461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1177/00145246231172980
Morné Diedericks
The Synod of Chanforan in 1532 can rightly be considered a turning point in the history of the Waldensians. However, the popular romanticising of the 16th-century encounter between the Waldensians ...
{"title":"Perspective on the Waldensians of the 16th century from the letters of John Calvin","authors":"Morné Diedericks","doi":"10.1177/00145246231172980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00145246231172980","url":null,"abstract":"The Synod of Chanforan in 1532 can rightly be considered a turning point in the history of the Waldensians. However, the popular romanticising of the 16th-century encounter between the Waldensians ...","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"1 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50167733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1177/08944865231168918
Matthias Leute, Yannick Bammens, M. Carree, Jolien Huybrechts
This study examines the interplay between two influential yet opposing shareholder types—family blockholders and hedge funds—in relation to corporate innovation output. Using panel data on U.S. publicly traded firms listed in the S&P 1500, we find that family blockholders have a negative effect on radical innovation output in the form of citation-weighted patents and that this negative effect is intensified in the presence of activist hedge funds. Our study advances insight into the implications of ownership heterogeneity for innovation output choices in family-influenced firms.
{"title":"Ownership Heterogeneity and Corporate Innovation Output: A Study on Family Blockholders and Activist Hedge Funds","authors":"Matthias Leute, Yannick Bammens, M. Carree, Jolien Huybrechts","doi":"10.1177/08944865231168918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231168918","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the interplay between two influential yet opposing shareholder types—family blockholders and hedge funds—in relation to corporate innovation output. Using panel data on U.S. publicly traded firms listed in the S&P 1500, we find that family blockholders have a negative effect on radical innovation output in the form of citation-weighted patents and that this negative effect is intensified in the presence of activist hedge funds. Our study advances insight into the implications of ownership heterogeneity for innovation output choices in family-influenced firms.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"254 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41655509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1177/08944865231162404
Gloria Cuevas-Rodríguez, Leticia Pérez‐Calero, L. Gómez‐Mejía, Santiago Kopoboru Aguado
This study analyzes how family control influences firms’ acquisition activity using a socioemotional wealth (SEW) approach and discusses their anticipated SEW gains and losses when making acquisition decisions. Data collected from Spanish public companies from 2010 to 2015 indicates that family firms are more reticent about undertaking acquisitions than nonfamily firms, and their lower propensity is more pronounced when there are no former politicians on the board of directors whose presence could reduce potential SEW losses. Furthermore, the benefits of former politicians on the board of family firms in terms of acquisition activity only occur in low-velocity industries.
{"title":"Family Firms’ Acquisitions and Politicians as Directors: A Socioemotional Wealth Approach","authors":"Gloria Cuevas-Rodríguez, Leticia Pérez‐Calero, L. Gómez‐Mejía, Santiago Kopoboru Aguado","doi":"10.1177/08944865231162404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231162404","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes how family control influences firms’ acquisition activity using a socioemotional wealth (SEW) approach and discusses their anticipated SEW gains and losses when making acquisition decisions. Data collected from Spanish public companies from 2010 to 2015 indicates that family firms are more reticent about undertaking acquisitions than nonfamily firms, and their lower propensity is more pronounced when there are no former politicians on the board of directors whose presence could reduce potential SEW losses. Furthermore, the benefits of former politicians on the board of family firms in terms of acquisition activity only occur in low-velocity industries.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"223 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49209298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1177/08944865231157491
R. Suddaby, B. Silverman, Peter Jaskiewicz, Alfredo De Massis, E. Micelotta
Families are constituted by shared memories and a common history. Research shows that talk about the past constitutes between 25% and 33% of the dinner conversation around the family table (Beals & Snow, 2002; Blum-Kulka, 1993, 1994; Perlman, 1984). Much of this conversation involves sharing experiences of the recent (i.e., “what did you do today?”) or distant past (i.e., “remember our vacation to Niagara Falls?”). More critical to the family constitution, however, are those conversations in which family members recount events outside the lived experience of any of the individuals at the table. These vicarious memories are the foundational elements of collective memory. Shared vicarious memories define the family as a distinct social entity with coherence and continuity over time and space (Pratt & Fiese, 2004). Family business researchers are only beginning to appreciate the theoretical and empirical value of viewing the family business through the lens of family memory and history. We gain considerable insight into the nature and constitution of family businesses by systematically analyzing what, and how, families remember and forget. The collection of papers that comprise this special issue on History-Informed Family Business Research is premised on this assumption. From these articles, we see a broad range of historical methodologies applied to a diverse array of family businesses. We also see how intractable issues that have troubled family business research over the years achieve a new clarity when viewed through the lens of the past and how it is remembered. The intent of this essay is to elaborate on the value of history-informed family business research and demonstrate how it can address persistently thorny issues in our discipline. We organize the essay into three sections, drawing on the studies in this special issue to illustrate points in each section. In the first section, we demonstrate how adopting a historical perspective can help us address the recurring definitional question, what is a family business? Our answer rests on the recursive relationship between historical memory as a practice and the family as a social entity. Like all social entities, families are a product of, and shaped by, their history. However, as active authors of their history, families have a higher degree of agency over how their history is told. It is the dynamic interaction of family practices of remembering and how remembering shapes the sense of family that defines a family business. Defining family businesses as a process of historical reconstruction rather than as a set of static properties (e.g., Chrisman et al., 2012) offers a different ontological perspective that defines a family business by how its members reconstruct family boundaries in ongoing acts of remembering. We elaborate on this recursive dynamic between the past and the family’s construction of the present and future in the first section. In the second section, we show how history and
家庭是由共同的记忆和共同的历史组成的。研究表明，在家庭餐桌旁的晚餐对话中，谈论过去的话题占25%至33%（Beals&Snow，2002；Blum-Kulka，19931994；Perlman，1984）。这段对话的大部分内容涉及分享最近的经历（即“你今天做了什么？”）或遥远的过去（即“还记得我们去尼亚加拉瀑布度假吗？”）。然而，对家庭构成更关键的是那些家庭成员讲述餐桌上任何人生活经历之外的事件的对话。这些替代记忆是集体记忆的基本要素。共同的替代记忆将家庭定义为一个独特的社会实体，在时间和空间上具有连贯性和连续性（Pratt&Fiese，2004）。家族企业研究者才刚刚开始意识到从家族记忆和历史的角度看待家族企业的理论和经验价值。通过系统地分析家庭记忆和遗忘的内容以及方式，我们对家族企业的性质和构成有了相当深入的了解。本期《历史知情家族企业研究》特刊的论文集就是以这一假设为前提的。从这些文章中，我们看到了广泛的历史方法论应用于各种各样的家族企业。我们还看到，多年来困扰家族企业研究的棘手问题是如何从过去的角度来看的，以及人们是如何记住它的。本文旨在阐述基于历史的家族企业研究的价值，并展示它如何解决我们学科中持续存在的棘手问题。我们将这篇文章分为三个部分，利用这期特刊中的研究来说明每个部分的要点。在第一节中，我们展示了采用历史视角如何帮助我们解决反复出现的定义问题，什么是家族企业？我们的答案建立在作为实践的历史记忆和作为社会实体的家庭之间的递归关系上。像所有社会实体一样，家庭是其历史的产物，并由其历史塑造。然而，作为他们历史的积极作者，家庭对如何讲述他们的历史有更高程度的代理权。正是家族记忆实践的动态互动，以及记忆如何塑造家族感，才定义了家族企业。将家族企业定义为一个历史重建过程，而不是一组静态属性（例如，Chrisman et al.，2012）提供了一个不同的本体论视角，通过其成员如何在持续的记忆行为中重建家族边界来定义家族企业。在第一节中，我们详细阐述了过去与家庭对现在和未来的构建之间的这种递归动态。在第二节中，我们展示了历史和记忆如何帮助我们解决一个反复出现的问题，即家族企业如何平衡作为企业的需求和作为家庭的需求。为了回答这个问题，我们关注非正式记忆成为1157491 FBRXXXXX10.1177/08944865231157491《家族企业评论》Suddaby et al.research-article2023
{"title":"History-Informed Family Business Research: An Editorial on the Promise of History and Memory Work","authors":"R. Suddaby, B. Silverman, Peter Jaskiewicz, Alfredo De Massis, E. Micelotta","doi":"10.1177/08944865231157491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231157491","url":null,"abstract":"Families are constituted by shared memories and a common history. Research shows that talk about the past constitutes between 25% and 33% of the dinner conversation around the family table (Beals & Snow, 2002; Blum-Kulka, 1993, 1994; Perlman, 1984). Much of this conversation involves sharing experiences of the recent (i.e., “what did you do today?”) or distant past (i.e., “remember our vacation to Niagara Falls?”). More critical to the family constitution, however, are those conversations in which family members recount events outside the lived experience of any of the individuals at the table. These vicarious memories are the foundational elements of collective memory. Shared vicarious memories define the family as a distinct social entity with coherence and continuity over time and space (Pratt & Fiese, 2004). Family business researchers are only beginning to appreciate the theoretical and empirical value of viewing the family business through the lens of family memory and history. We gain considerable insight into the nature and constitution of family businesses by systematically analyzing what, and how, families remember and forget. The collection of papers that comprise this special issue on History-Informed Family Business Research is premised on this assumption. From these articles, we see a broad range of historical methodologies applied to a diverse array of family businesses. We also see how intractable issues that have troubled family business research over the years achieve a new clarity when viewed through the lens of the past and how it is remembered. The intent of this essay is to elaborate on the value of history-informed family business research and demonstrate how it can address persistently thorny issues in our discipline. We organize the essay into three sections, drawing on the studies in this special issue to illustrate points in each section. In the first section, we demonstrate how adopting a historical perspective can help us address the recurring definitional question, what is a family business? Our answer rests on the recursive relationship between historical memory as a practice and the family as a social entity. Like all social entities, families are a product of, and shaped by, their history. However, as active authors of their history, families have a higher degree of agency over how their history is told. It is the dynamic interaction of family practices of remembering and how remembering shapes the sense of family that defines a family business. Defining family businesses as a process of historical reconstruction rather than as a set of static properties (e.g., Chrisman et al., 2012) offers a different ontological perspective that defines a family business by how its members reconstruct family boundaries in ongoing acts of remembering. We elaborate on this recursive dynamic between the past and the family’s construction of the present and future in the first section. In the second section, we show how history and ","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"4 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41354804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1177/08944865231159475
Christina Hoon, J. Brinkmann, Alina M. Baluch
This study is concerned with how founding stories are sustained across multiple generations of employees in family firms and how these stories influence organizational identification. Drawing on a social memory perspective and narrative memory work, we explore the retold founding stories of employees in a large agricultural family firm. Our study demonstrates that founding stories transform firsthand memories into collective memory across multiple generations through intertwining intradiegetic storytelling with material and relational processes. The effortful work of remembering together across familial and social relations, spaces, and embodied ways explains how successive generations understand their belongingness to the organization.
{"title":"Narrative Memory Work of Employees in Family Businesses: How Founding Stories Shape Organizational Identification","authors":"Christina Hoon, J. Brinkmann, Alina M. Baluch","doi":"10.1177/08944865231159475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08944865231159475","url":null,"abstract":"This study is concerned with how founding stories are sustained across multiple generations of employees in family firms and how these stories influence organizational identification. Drawing on a social memory perspective and narrative memory work, we explore the retold founding stories of employees in a large agricultural family firm. Our study demonstrates that founding stories transform firsthand memories into collective memory across multiple generations through intertwining intradiegetic storytelling with material and relational processes. The effortful work of remembering together across familial and social relations, spaces, and embodied ways explains how successive generations understand their belongingness to the organization.","PeriodicalId":51365,"journal":{"name":"Family Business Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"37 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47823064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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