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WANTED—Theoretical Contributions: An Editorial on the Pitfalls and Pathways in Family Business Research 理论贡献:家族企业研究的陷阱与路径评论
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/08944865211032503
Donald O. Neubaum, E. Micelotta
Every management scholar is keenly aware of the need for contemporary research to make a theoretical contribution to the literature. As editors and reviewers, we wear the hat of “gatekeepers of the quality of the journal” (Chrisman et al., 2017, p. 214) and our assessment of the theoretical contributions of the manuscripts we appraise significantly color our editorial recommendations and decisions. As authors, we recognize the magnitude of this threshold and invest (or should invest) considerable effort in developing, expressing, and highlighting the theoretical contribution(s) of our own work. Despite this effort, more than 90% of the manuscripts submitted to journals like Family Business Review (FBR) are rejected, and the majority of those ill-fated submissions suffer from unclear or underdeveloped theoretical contributions. Over our respective careers, we have read, reviewed, and written decision letters for hundreds of family businesses manuscripts. In every case, we have commented on the extent to which the manuscript makes a theoretical contribution, and we have recommended rejection, revision, or acceptance based, significantly, on our assessment of the accomplishment of this threshold. Even for those papers we have evaluated positively, we have often pushed authors to clarify, deepen, or extend their contributions to theory and/or to the literature in general. Clearly, the need to contribute theoretically is imperative, and each paper’s ultimate ability to make a theoretical contribution varies. While the potential contribution of each manuscript varies, we have noticed persistent patterns in the types of family business papers we have reviewed. In our reviews and decision letters, we often find ourselves expressing a common set of criticisms and concerns that plague many of the papers we evaluate. In essence, we find that many authors, and consequently many family business papers, are repeatedly falling into the same few “theoretical pitfalls.” Based on our collective experience, we have identified four categories that capture many of these potential pitfalls. While research from each of these (and other) categories may indeed present a strong theoretical contribution, we observe that the relative ability (and manner) of each category to contribute to the literature can vary significantly. Furthermore, we find that the types of theoretical pitfalls associated with each category are generally consistent. This is troubling as many submissions are being rejected (oftentimes without even being sent out for full review) for largely the same few overarching reasons. In this editorial, we provide some guidance to authors by explaining what it means to make a theoretical contribution. We then identify and discuss four categories of family business papers, each of which presents different avenues or likelihood of making a theoretical contribution. For each type, we highlight common shortcomings found in manuscripts and offer authors ideas to furt
每一位管理学者都敏锐地意识到,当代研究需要对文献做出理论贡献。作为编辑和审稿人,我们戴着“期刊质量守门人”的帽子(克里斯曼等人,2017年,第214页),我们对所评估手稿的理论贡献的评估显着影响了我们的编辑建议和决策。作为作者,我们认识到这个门槛的重要性,并投入(或应该投入)相当大的努力来发展、表达和突出我们自己工作的理论贡献。尽管如此,提交给《家族企业评论》(Family Business Review, FBR)等期刊的90%以上的手稿都被拒绝了,而且这些不幸的投稿大多是因为理论贡献不明确或不发达。在我们各自的职业生涯中,我们已经阅读、审阅和撰写了数百份家族企业手稿的决定函。在每种情况下,我们都对稿件的理论贡献程度进行了评论,并根据我们对该阈值的完成情况的评估,建议拒绝、修改或接受。即使是那些我们给予积极评价的论文,我们也经常要求作者澄清、深化或扩展他们对理论和/或一般文献的贡献。显然,理论上的贡献是必要的,而每篇论文做出理论贡献的最终能力各不相同。虽然每个手稿的潜在贡献各不相同,但我们注意到,在我们所审查的家族企业论文类型中,存在持续的模式。在我们的评论和决定信中,我们经常发现自己表达了一组共同的批评和关注,这些批评和关注困扰着我们评估的许多论文。从本质上讲,我们发现许多作者,以及许多家族企业论文,都在反复陷入同样的几个“理论陷阱”。根据我们的集体经验,我们已经确定了捕捉这些潜在陷阱的四个类别。虽然这些(和其他)类别的研究可能确实有很强的理论贡献,但我们观察到,每个类别对文献的贡献的相对能力(和方式)可能会有很大差异。此外,我们发现与每个类别相关的理论陷阱类型通常是一致的。这是一个令人困扰的问题,因为许多提交内容都因为相同的几个主要原因而被拒绝(通常甚至没有被发送出去进行全面审查)。在这篇社论中,我们通过解释什么是做出理论贡献来为作者提供一些指导。然后,我们确定并讨论了四类家族企业论文,每一类都提出了不同的途径或做出理论贡献的可能性。对于每种类型,我们都强调了手稿中发现的常见缺点,并为作者提供了进一步提高理论工作的想法。在此基础上,本文提供了一个实用的指导,以帮助家族企业学者理解、澄清和深化他们的工作贡献。具体来说,我们鼓励研究人员决定他们的论文打算贡献什么对话,并讨论作者可以采取的各种途径,以最大限度地提高他们对家族企业文献的贡献。
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引用次数: 16
Entry Timing as a Mixed Gamble in Cross-border Acquisition Waves: A study of Family Firms 跨国收购浪潮中的进入时机混合赌博:对家族企业的研究
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-06-23 DOI: 10.1177/08944865211026175
Mohammad Fuad, Vinod Thakur, A. Sinha
We draw upon the mixed gamble perspective to investigate the entry timing decisions made by family firms in the context of cross-border acquisition (CBA) waves. We argue that family-controlled firms trade-off short-term SEW and financial losses in favor of long-term SEW and financial gains, while moving early in CBA waves. Findings suggest that family-controlled firms have a higher preference for early movement compared with nonfamily-controlled firms. Further, we show that founder’s presence on the board and acquirer’s superior performance amplifies the mixed gamble trade-offs, thereby strengthening the relationship between family control and early movement within CBA waves.
我们利用混合赌博的视角来调查跨国收购浪潮背景下家族企业的进入时机决策。我们认为,家族控制的公司在短期SEW和财务损失之间进行权衡,以利于长期SEW和财政收益,同时在CBA浪潮中提前行动。研究结果表明,与非家族控制公司相比,家族控制公司更倾向于早期流动。此外,我们发现,创始人在董事会的存在和收购方的卓越表现放大了混合赌博的权衡,从而加强了家族控制与CBA浪潮中早期运动之间的关系。
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引用次数: 14
The Psychological Foundations of Management in Family Firms: Emotions, Memories, and Experiences 家族企业管理的心理基础:情感、记忆和经验
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/08944865211012139
R. Humphrey, A. Massis, P. Picone, Yi Tang, Ronald F. Piccolo
Exploring the psychological foundations of management in family firms is necessary to understand why they formulate and implement strategies differently from nonfamily firms, and why and how family firm behavior varies across different family firms. Picone et al. (2021. The psychological foundations of management in family firms: Values, biases, and heuristics. Family Business Review, 34(1), 12-32) have proposed a conceptual framework for the psychological foundations of management in family business, examining how the values, biases, and heuristics of family firm members affect strategic decision-making and family firm outcomes. Drawing on this framework, we examine emotions, memories, and experiences in family firms, disentangling “what we know” from “what we should know”, and offering some relevant questions to advance the field.
有必要探索家族企业管理的心理基础,以了解为什么他们制定和实施的战略与非家族企业不同,以及为什么家族企业的行为以及如何在不同的家族企业中发生变化。Picone等人(2021。家族企业管理的心理学基础:价值观、偏见和启发法。《家族企业评论》,34(1),12-32)为家族企业管理的心理基础提出了一个概念框架,研究了家族企业成员的价值观、偏见和启发法如何影响战略决策和家族企业成果。基于这个框架,我们研究了家族企业中的情绪、记忆和经历,将“我们知道的”与“我们应该知道的”区分开来,并提出了一些相关的问题来推进这一领域。
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引用次数: 26
Family Firm Heterogeneity: A Definition, Common Themes, Scholarly Progress, and Directions Forward 家族企业异质性:定义、共同主题、学术进展与未来方向
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1177/08944865211008350
J. Daspit, James J. Chrisman, Triss Ashton, Nicholas E. Evangelopoulos
While progress has been made in recent years to understand the differences among family firms, insights remain fragmented due, in part, to an incomplete understanding of heterogeneity and the scope of differences that exist among family firms. Given this, we offer a definition of and review the literature on family firm heterogeneity. A latent semantic analysis of 781 articles from 33 journals identified nine common themes of family firm heterogeneity. For each theme, we review scholarly progress made and highlight differences among family firms. Additionally, we offer directions for advancing the study of family firm heterogeneity.
虽然近年来在理解家族企业之间的差异方面取得了进展,但由于对家族企业之间存在的异质性和差异范围的理解不完全,见解仍然是零散的。鉴于此,我们给出了家族企业异质性的定义,并对相关文献进行了回顾。对来自33种期刊的781篇文章进行潜在语义分析,确定了家族企业异质性的9个共同主题。对于每个主题,我们回顾了学术进展,并强调了家族企业之间的差异。此外,本文还为进一步研究家族企业异质性提供了方向。
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引用次数: 95
Kinship and Gender in Family Firms: New Insights Into Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior 家族企业中的亲属关系与性别:对员工组织公民行为的新认识
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/08944865211008062
K. Madison, K. Eddleston, F. Kellermanns, G. Powell
We extend relational demography theory by introducing kinship as a new demographic characteristic of categorization. We theorize that family firm employees’ kinship similarity (family vs. nonfamily), kinship tie (child vs. other familial relationship), and gender (female vs. male) uniquely affect their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Data collected from 209 family CEO–employee dyads indicate that male family employees, especially sons of the CEO, display the highest OCB when altruistic leadership behavior is high, whereas daughters and other female family employees display consistently high OCB, confirming that employees’ experiences in family firms are simultaneously shaped by their kinship characteristics and gender.
我们通过引入亲属关系作为分类的一种新的人口学特征来扩展关系人口学理论。我们的理论认为,家族企业员工的亲属相似性(家庭与非家庭)、亲属关系(子女与其他家庭关系)和性别(女性与男性)对其组织公民行为(OCB)有独特的影响。从209个家族CEO -员工对中收集的数据表明,当利他主义领导行为高时,家族男性员工,尤其是CEO的儿子,表现出最高的组织公民行为,而女儿和其他女性家族员工则表现出一贯高的组织公民行为,这证实了员工在家族企业中的经历同时受到亲属特征和性别的影响。
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引用次数: 11
The Psychological Foundations of Management in Family Firms: Values, Biases, and Heuristics 家族企业管理的心理学基础:价值观、偏见与启发
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0894486520985630
P. Picone, Alfredo De Massis, Yi Tang, Ronald F. Piccolo
Considering the heterogeneity of family firm behaviors as reflecting the values, biases, and heuristics of individuals, we discuss the implications of the psychological foundations of management in family firms. We develop a conceptual framework for investigating how the values, biases, and heuristics of family and nonfamily members affect strategic decision-making and the outcomes of family firms. To advance the field, we put forward some relevant questions and offer a future research agenda at the intersection of the psychological foundations of management and family business.
考虑到家族企业行为的异质性反映了个人的价值观、偏见和启发式,我们讨论了家族企业管理的心理基础的含义。我们开发了一个概念框架,用于调查家族和非家族成员的价值观、偏见和启发式方法如何影响家族企业的战略决策和结果。为了推进这一领域的发展,我们在管理学和家族企业的心理学基础的交叉点上提出了一些相关的问题,并提出了未来的研究议程。
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引用次数: 55
The Centrality of Family 家庭的中心性
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/0894486521995268
Donald O. Neubaum, G. Tyge Payne
In March of 2020, the opening editorial in Family Business Review (FBR) acknowledged the importance of family in our lives and highlighted—that how, among all the relationships we have with others, both personal and professional, familial relationships represent the most relevant and central of all (Payne, 2020). The family psychology literature notes that the symbolic and metaphorical representations of the maternal and paternal pillars of the family deeply influence our perceptions of the world around us (Tognazzo & Neubaum, 2020). Since the release of that issue, the entire world (along with our way of life) has been disrupted by the pandemic, ushering in many unforeseen challenges and changes that have left no relationship or part of our society undisturbed. The way we interact with others has been undeniably altered. Among the many trials emerging over the past year, the most difficult are arguably those that involve the inextricable balance between family and work. Of our many roles—as parents, children, spouses, partners, managers, teachers, employees, business owners, and caretakers, and so on—there persists a demand to continually monitor and assess situations to ensure the shortand long-term well-being of the many people around us. Priorities and routines change. Although great strides have been made to “flatten the curve” of COVID-19 infections and help society navigate the hardships stemming from social distancing (e.g., the evolution of virtual meeting platforms, more extensive work-from-home structures, touch-free retailing, and remote schooling), many of these efforts tend to remind us of the importance of close relationships, and especially, close familial relationships. As these changes have reminded us of the value of such relationships, which can occasionally be taken for granted, we are also reminded of the strength and impact of familial relationships in the context of a firm. Given the integral role of the family in many firms, these changes in our society have underscored, by association and necessity, the tight-knit and mutual dependence between families and business. One clear lesson learned these past months is how the well-being of the economy, and society at large, is simultaneously dependent on the interwoven wellbeing of our family and business systems. If nothing else, 2020 has perhaps ushered in a new era of relevance for family businesses, making our field all the more obvious and imperative to the world. It is with this realization that we suggest family business scholars move forward with confidence, recognizing that our work has a unique and important role to play; we can make a difference in how businesses and society respond to the many challenges and associated opportunities that have emerged or will soon emerge. We believe the current crisis may be particularly impactful on family businesses, and as such, the way scholars view the underlying assumption to family business research may require significant ret
2020年3月,《家族企业评论》(FBR)的开篇社论承认了家庭在我们生活中的重要性,并强调了在我们与他人的所有关系中,无论是个人关系还是职业关系,家庭关系都是最相关和最核心的(Payne,2020)。家庭心理学文献指出,家庭中父母支柱的象征性和隐喻性表征深深影响了我们对周围世界的看法(Tognazzo&Neubaum,2020)。自该问题发布以来,整个世界(以及我们的生活方式)都被疫情打乱了,带来了许多不可预见的挑战和变化,这些挑战和变化没有让我们的关系或社会的一部分受到干扰。不可否认,我们与他人互动的方式已经发生了改变。在过去一年出现的许多试验中,最困难的可以说是那些涉及家庭和工作之间不可分割的平衡的试验。在我们的许多角色中——作为父母、子女、配偶、伴侣、经理、教师、员工、企业主和看护人等等——一直存在着持续监测和评估情况的需求,以确保我们周围许多人的短期和长期福祉。优先事项和日常生活发生了变化。尽管在“拉平”新冠肺炎感染曲线和帮助社会应对社交距离带来的困难(例如,虚拟会议平台的发展、更广泛的工作场所结构、无接触零售和远程教育)方面取得了巨大进展,但其中许多努力往往提醒我们密切关系的重要性,亲密的家庭关系。由于这些变化提醒我们这种关系的价值,这种关系有时会被视为理所当然,我们也提醒我们家庭关系在公司背景下的力量和影响。鉴于家庭在许多公司中的不可或缺的作用,我们社会的这些变化通过联系和必要性强调了家庭和企业之间的紧密联系和相互依赖。在过去的几个月里,我们学到了一个明确的教训,那就是经济和整个社会的福祉如何同时取决于我们家庭和商业系统的交织福祉。如果没有别的,2020年也许开创了一个与家族企业相关的新时代,使我们的领域对世界来说更加明显和必要。正是意识到这一点,我们建议家族企业学者满怀信心地向前迈进,认识到我们的工作可以发挥独特而重要的作用;我们可以改变企业和社会如何应对已经出现或即将出现的许多挑战和相关机遇。我们认为,当前的危机可能对家族企业产生特别大的影响,因此,学者们看待家族企业研究基本假设的方式可能需要进行重大反思。正如De Massis和Rondi(2020)所建议的那样,当前的背景无疑提供了无数的研究问题,可以促进我们对家族企业的理解,以及它们如何应对这些不确定的时代。事实上,我们相信,我们的领域可能处于独特的地位,能够理解和应对其中的一些挑战以及随之而来的应对措施。例如,家族企业学者早就认识到一些家族企业具有长寿和恢复力的潜力。像Baroviers这样经营Barovier和Toso的家族,罚款995268 FBRXXX10.1177/0894486521995268《家族企业评论》Neubaum和Payne编辑2021
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引用次数: 7
Organizational Ambidexterity in Family-Managed Firms: The Role of Family Involvement in Top Management 家族企业的组织二元性:家族参与在高层管理中的作用
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/0894486520961645
Nadine H. Kammerlander, H. Patzelt, Judy Behrens, Christian W. Röhm
Organizational ambidexterity is vital for family firms’ long-term success, yet we still lack sufficient insights into the role of family involvement in top management in this context. Building on research on family firm innovation and diversity, we argue there are curvilinear relationships between family involvement in top management and exploration, exploitation, and organizational ambidexterity. We further propose that these (inverse) U-shaped relationships are affected by family CEOs’ family-centered noneconomic goals. Multisource data on 109 family-managed firms support most of our hypotheses and provide a nuanced understanding of how diversity within top management affects family firms’ innovative behavior.
组织的两重性对家族企业的长期成功至关重要,但在这种背景下,我们仍然缺乏对家族参与在高层管理中的作用的充分认识。基于对家族企业创新和多样性的研究,我们认为家族参与高层管理与探索、开发和组织双元性之间存在曲线关系。我们进一步提出,这些(反)u型关系受到家族ceo以家庭为中心的非经济目标的影响。109家家族企业的多源数据支持了我们的大多数假设,并对高层管理人员的多样性如何影响家族企业的创新行为提供了细致入微的理解。
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引用次数: 23
What Makes Nonfamily Employees Act as Good Stewards? Emotions and the Moderating Roles of Stewardship Culture and Gender Roles in Family Firms 是什么让非家族员工成为好管家?家族企业管理文化和性别角色的情感调节作用
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/0894486520968826
K. Bormann, Sabrina Backs, Christina Hoon
Based on stewardship theory and social role theory, we examine the bounded nature of nonfamily employees’ individual stewardship behaviors (i.e., organizational citizenship behavior, OCB) in family firms. We expect stewardship culture to make male (female) employees’ OCB more (less) affect-driven. In Study 1, we used data from family and nonfamily firms’ employees to establish the unique manifestation of stewardship in family firms. Study 2 was a diary study of nonfamily employees. As expected, for women, we found stewardship culture to attenuate the relationships between affect and OCB. For men, stewardship culture strengthened the relationship between affect and OCB.
基于管理理论和社会角色理论,我们考察了家族企业中非家族员工个人管理行为(即组织公民行为,OCB)的有限性。我们希望管理文化能让男性(女性)员工的OCB更多(更少)受到情感驱动。在研究1中,我们使用了家族企业和非家族企业员工的数据来建立家族企业管理的独特表现。研究2是一项针对非家庭雇员的日记研究。不出所料,对于女性来说,我们发现管理文化会削弱情感和强迫症之间的关系。对男性来说,管理文化强化了情感和强迫症之间的关系。
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引用次数: 23
The Effects of Family Firm CEO Traditionality on Successor Choice: The Moderating Role of Socioemotional Wealth 家族企业CEO传统性对接班人选择的影响:社会情感财富的调节作用
IF 8.8 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/0894486520967832
Feifei Lu, H. Kwan, Zhu Zhu
Drawing on upper echelons theory, this study examines how the traditionality of family chief executive officers (CEOs) influences the selection of their successors, and how this relationship is moderated by two dimensions of socioemotional wealth. Recognizing the central role of CEOs in determining successors, we show that a family CEO’s cultural values regarding traditionality have a significant positive effect on the probability that a family member is chosen as successor. We find that this relationship is strengthened by the family members’ identification with the firm and weakened by the family members’ sense of dynasty. Our contributions to theory and practice are discussed.
本研究运用上层梯队理论,探讨家族首席执行官的传统性如何影响其继任者的选择,以及这种关系如何被社会情感财富的两个维度所调节。认识到CEO在决定接班人方面的核心作用,我们表明家族CEO关于传统的文化价值观对家族成员被选为接班人的概率有显著的积极影响。我们发现,家族成员对企业的认同强化了这种关系,家族成员的王朝意识削弱了这种关系。讨论了我们对理论和实践的贡献。
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引用次数: 21
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Family Business Review
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