JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES最新文献

Introduction

Self-massage using a foam roller (foam rolling) is effective for increasing range of motion (ROM). However, the independent effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during foam rolling remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of pressure stimulation and voluntary movement during the foam rolling intervention on ROM and its related parameters from the aspects of tissue mechanical properties and the central nervous system.

Methods

This study set a randomised open-label controlled parallel group design involving active foam rolling with pressure stimulation and voluntary movement (A-FR), passive foam rolling with only pressure stimulation (P-FR), and sham rolling with only voluntary movement (SHAM) of the calf muscle. Twenty-seven healthy active adults (males: 16, females: 11) were analysed. Parameters of tissue mechanical properties (as measured by tissue stiffness and thickness) and systemic nervous adaptation (as measured by PPT, stretch tolerance, HRV, and mood states), as well as maximal ankle active/passive dorsiflexion ROM, were measured.

Results

A-FR significantly improved pressure pain threshold, stretch tolerance, and negative mood and increased active and passive ROM. P-FR significantly improved parasympathetic nervous activity and negative mood and increased passive ROM. However, SHAM did not affect any ROM or parameters of tissue mechanical properties and systemic neural adaptation except for some negative mood improvement.

Conclusion

Voluntary movement does not independently affect ROM, whereas pressure simulation independently enhances ROM during the foam rolling intervention. Combining pressure stimulation and voluntary movement can enhance the ROM effect and influence parameters of tissue mechanical properties and the central nervous system.

Background

Frozen shoulder (FS) or adhesive capsulitis is a common shoulder condition characterized by pain, stiffness, and restricted active and passive range of motion. Evidence suggests that trigger points (TrP) may play a role in frozen shoulder, especially in restricting range of motion.

Objective

To determine an association between shoulder girdle muscles TrPs and frozen shoulder.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study of 49 patients diagnosed with having a frozen shoulder. All subjects were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria and examined for the presence of shoulder girdle muscles TrPs.

Results

There was an association between TrPs in the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, middle deltoid, upper trapezius, and levator scapula muscles and frozen shoulder (P value -<.05), but there was no association for TrPs in the posterior deltoid, teres major, and pectoralis major muscles (P value > .05).

Conclusion

Trigger points in the supraspinatus and levator scapula muscles had a strong association with FS. Trigger points in the anterior deltoid and middle deltoid muscles had a moderate association, and TrPs in the infraspinatus, teres minor, and upper trapezius had a weak association.

Objectives

The goals of this study were to i. describe the prevalence of latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the medialis gastrocnemius in runners versus non-runners, and ii. examine their level of pain and stiffness.

Methods

Healthy runners and non-runners were recruited. Each participant's medialis gastrocnemius MTrPs count was recorded in both legs. The mean pain and the most painful MTrPs pain levels were recorded using an algometer, and the stiffness was evaluated using myotonometry (MyotonPro device) on the most painful MTrP.

Results

With a medium effect size (p = 0.001), runners (n = 20) showed significantly more latent MTrPs than non-runners (n = 26). Runners also reported higher overall pain on the latent MTrPs site than non-runners (p = 0.003) and a significant difference (p = 0.001) for the most painful latent MTrP. Runners were substantially stiffer than non-runners in the most painful latent MTrP, with a mean stiffness difference of +9.98 N/m (p = 0.018, medium effect size).

Conclusions

Runners have a higher number of latent MTrPs than non-runners. The MTrPs found in runners' legs were more painful and stiff than those found in non-runners' legs.

Introduction

Cupping therapy involves lifting and separating fascial tissue to facilitate stretching and promote blood flow. Although cupping is a common treatment modality for pain, various protocols exist and studies are inconsistent in regards to whether cupping improves outcomes such as range of motion. We aimed to determine the acute effect of different types of cupping therapy on ankle dorsiflexion.

Methods

Thirty-five generally healthy adults (mean ± SD; age: 22.1 ± 4.52 y; baseline ankle ROM: 34.68 ± 4.22°) were randomly assigned to one of four cupping therapy treatment groups: static, dynamic, static sham, or dynamic sham. Ankle ROM was measured using a digital inclinometer pre- and immediately post-intervention. ANCOVA was used to determine whether ROM differed between groups post-treatment when controlling for baseline ROM and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was used to determine clinical meaningfulness of the changes.

Results

Baseline ROM was significantly associated with post-intervention ROM (post-ROM: 38.41 ± 4.95°; p < .001), indicating an overall increase in ROM regardless of the intervention received. There was no difference in ROM between therapy groups post-intervention after controlling for baseline ROM. The dynamic cupping group experienced a change in ROM (baseline ROM: 34.11 ± 4.62°, post-ROM: 39.19 ± 6.44°) above the MDC (5.08°).

Conclusion

Our findings support cupping as a modality for improving ankle ROM in individuals with limited ROM. Dynamic cupping may be effective for improving ankle ROM due to the addition of functional movement. Clinicians may consider dynamic cupping as a potential intervention to address limited ankle ROM.

Background

Neck extensor muscles frequently exhibit poor performance in individuals with neck pain. The Deep Neck Extensor Endurance Test (NEET) is commonly used to assess the isometric holding time of the neck extensor muscles. Establishing normative values for this test may assist clinicians in the development of rehabilitation programs.

Objectives

To identify the average holding time of the NEET in healthy young adults without neck pain.

Design

Normative research.

Methods

440 young adults (172 males and 268 females; age: 18–28 yrs) satisfied eligibility criteria were recruited for participation in this study. The average of hold-time scores for 2 attempts was recorded and used for data analysis.

Results

The data were not normally distributed; therefore, descriptive data were expressed in terms of median and interquartile range. Demographic data including age, gender, height, weight, Body Mass Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire expressed as the mean with 95% confidence interval (CI) and range. The average holding time of healthy young adults for NEET was 43.1 (95% CI 38.8 to 46.6), men produced an average hold time of 47.1 (95% CI 46.1 to 51.9) and women produced 40.7 (95% CI 39.9 to 44.0).

Conclusion

The holding time of NEET for healthy young adults was 43 seconds. Forty-seven seconds was average hold time for males and for females, it was 40 seconds.

Introduction

Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS) is one of the most common and disabling leg injuries in military personnel and in athletes participating in sports that involve running and jumping.

The objective of this case report was to verify the efficacy of osteopathic manipulation as sole treatment in a basketball player suffering from Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS).

Study type

Case report.

Case presentation

The patient in the study was a 26-year-old basketball player who reported a 6-week history of MTSS pain. MTSS diagnosis was made clinically, based on the patient's medical history and pain on palpation. A postural and biomechanical evaluation was also performed in order to study the patient's gait cycle and identify possible risk factors for MTSS. MTSS treatment is mainly conservative. From the initial diagnosis to the end of the follow-up period, no other therapy was performed other than osteopathic manipulative treatment. Overall positive results were obtained after a 2-month follow-up: VAS scores gradually decreased pain during exercise and daily activities diminished and an increase of game statistics was recorded.

Conclusions

Considering the results obtained, osteopathic manipulative treatment has proven highly efficient in the treatment of MTSS, without the use of drugs and a decisive role in avoiding suspension from sports.

Background

Down Syndrome (DS) is currently the most common chromosomal condition associated with intellectual disability in the global population and is characterized by a variety of additional clinical findings. Individuals with DS may exhibit altered perception and reaction to painful stimuli, which makes the diagnosis of pain in DS a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the pressure pain threshold of the masticatory muscles and the reaction to social touch in individuals with DS compared to neurotypical individuals (NT).

Methods

Patients with DS and NT individuals were included following predefined inclusion criteria. The assessment and comparison methods used between the groups were: 1) Algometry to quantify the pressure pain threshold of the masseter, temporal, and abductor pollicis brevis; 2) Social Touch Questionnaire (STQ) to assess social touch acceptance. Data obtained from the assessments were submitted to normality tests to determine if they followed a normal distribution. The Pressure Pain Threshold data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, while the Social Touch data were analyzed using the student's t-test, both with a significance level of 5%.

Results

A total of 32 patients were included in the study, sixteen with DS and sixteen NT individuals. The results showed that the pressure pain threshold of all analyzed muscles in the DS group was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the NT group. However, social touch acceptance was similar between the two groups (p = 0.270).

Conclusions

It was concluded that the pressure pain threshold is significantly higher in individuals with DS compared to NT, but social touch acceptance is similar between the groups.

Objectives

To investigate the effect of Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on lumbar fascia thickness, lumbar flexion angle, and lumbar curvature in healthy people.

Design

Randomized, clinical trial.

Subjects

100 healthy individuals.

Interventions

Participants were randomized into the active TENS group (n = 50) and placebo TENS group (n = 50). Subjects received 10 sessions of TENS in the lumbar region for 2 weeks.

Main measures

Lumbar fascia thickness, lumbar flexion angle, and lumbar curvature examined by ultrasonography, flexible ruler, and spinal mouse three times (before and after the intervention sessions, and two weeks after the last intervention session-follow up)

Results

Subjects in the TENS group showed a significant reduction in lumbar fascia thickness (P ≤ 0.002), an increase in lumbar flexion angle (P = 0.000), and an increase in lumbar curvature angle (P = 0.000) before and after the intervention sessions. The results of the follow-up evaluations showed the stability of the changes in the mentioned variables.

Conclusion

The improvements in the lumbar fascia thickness and lumbar flexibility suggest that TENS may be effective in healthy subjects. Data indicate that biomechanical properties of lumbar fascia and lumbar flexibility are directly linked, and other mechanisms could be more influential in contributing to improvement.

Objectives

The purpose of the present study was to utilize ShearWave™ Elastography to assess tissue stiffness by measuring shear wave speed before and after applying the direct Myofascial release (MFR) technique to the lateral gastrocnemius muscle of competitive tennis athletes.

Methods

Shear wave speed values were measured in the regions of interest within the lateral gastrocnemius fascia and muscle areas from the elastographic images. Measurements were taken in three different situations: before, immediately after and 5 min after MFR protocol. Subsequently, the results from each situation were statistically compared.

Results

The protocol was administered to a group of eighteen tennis players with a mean age of 18 ± 1.23 years. The shear wave speed values increased for both fascia and muscles sites, after applying the MFR technique: From 3.01 ± 0.64 to 3.33 ± 0.86 m/s in the deep fascia and from 2.23 ± 0.41 to 2.57 ± 0.51 m/s in superficial fascia. In the deep and superficial muscles sites the increases were from 4.12 ± 0.95 to 4.40 ± 1.22 m/s, and from 2.94 ± 0.71 to 3.38 ± 0.95 m/s, respectively.

Conclusion

This study showed that after the myofascial manipulation in tennis athletes, the lateral gastrocnemius muscle and fascia tissues stiffness increased, according to elastography, and possible mechanisms were discussed. ShearWave™ Elastography could be utilized to assess the acute effects of applying a direct myofascial release (MFR) technique.