JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES最新文献

Context

Flossing may report benefits on range of motion. However, it's unknown whether flossing using pneumatic tourniquets may influence performance in bilateral countermovement jumping tests.

Objective

To analyze the acute effects induced by a flossing protocol with a pneumatic tourniquet placed at the intermalleolar level on jumping ability in basketball players.

Study design: cross-sectional study.

Methods

54 basketball players (mean (SD) 17.16 (1.27) years; 22.23 (1.99) kg/m²) from a professional club were recruited. After a familiarization phase, a pressurized cuff (continuous pressure at 180 mmHg) was placed at the intermalleolar level for 2 min performing plantar and dorsal flexion movements without load. The Leg Motion test and the Countermovement jump were used to measure ankle dorsiflexion and vertical jump height.

Results

After the intervention, a significant ankle dorsiflexion improvement was observed in the left leg in males (12.48 (5.08) vs. 13.44 (5.23) cm, p < 0.05) and in both ankles in females (right: 9.59 (3.29) vs. 10.74 (3.34) cm, p < 0.05; left: 9.91 (2.77) vs. 10.96 (2.57) cm, p < 0.05). However, the intervention showed no significant difference in bilateral jumping ability in neither group (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The application of intermalleolar flossing using pneumatic tourniquet in elite basketball players did not interfere in jumping ability, and it may improve ankle range of motion. These findings may help clinicians make decisions in practice.

Introduction

According to the concept of biotensegrity, the whole body consists of fascial lines. The relationship between muscles and fascia is important to ensure full and proper range of motion. This study investigated the effect of hamstring flexibility on cervical range of motion and deep neck flexor muscle endurance. The aim was to explore the relationship between the hamstring muscles and neck region in the myofascial tensegrity network.

Method

Sixty healthy participants with a median age of 22.0 years (24 male, 36 female) were included. Hamstring flexibility was categorized as “normal (n = 31)” or “limited (n = 29)” according to hip flexion angle (HFA) using the passive straight leg raise (PSLR) test. Active cervical range of motion was measured by the Clinometer smartphone application, and the following movements were recorded: flexion, extension and lateral flexion. The craniocervical flexion test was performed to evaluate deep neck flexor endurance using performance index and highest-pressure score. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

No significant differences in cervical range of motion were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). Participants with limited hamstring flexibility presented lower deep neck flexor muscle endurance scores (performance index and highest-pressure score) than participants with normal hamstring flexibility (p = 0.002, and p = 0.012, respectively).

Conclusion

The results suggest that hamstring flexibility can influence deep neck flexor muscle endurance in healthy young adults. This preliminary clinical finding supports the hypothesis of a myofascial network between the hamstring muscles and neck region.

Background

Individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) presents with altered lumbosacral biomechanics, potentially stemming from compromised hip joint mobility. The objective of our study was to assess hip range of motion (ROM) and hamstring flexibility in individuals with CNLBP to ascertain the presence of a hip capsular pattern in relation to age-matched controls.

Methods

This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between July 2017 and September 2018, with approval from the institutional review board (JIP/IEC/2017/0044). Inclusion criteria encompassed axial or non-radiating pain primarily in the back for more than 3 months with no definitive pathology. A group of individuals with CNLBP (n = 27) and a control group (n = 30) of age-matched healthy volunteers were included. The observers were blinded to grouping. Bilateral hip range of motion and hamstring flexibility were measured.

Results

Individuals with CNLBP exhibited a significant mean reduction in hip adduction (9.68 & 8.8^o) and internal rotation (7.19 & 7.09°) of the right and left hips, respectively. Additionally, there was a mean increase in flexion (7.68 & 7.71°), extension (6.99 & 8.64°), abduction (7.08 & 8.02°), and external rotation (20.4 & 20.1°) of the right and left hips, respectively, compared to controls (p < 0.01). Notably, hamstring flexibility did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Based on this study, it is plausible that individuals with CNLBP may exhibit a hip capsular pattern (FABER), with the exception of flexion, when compared to age-matched normal individuals. Also, it was also noted that hamstring tightness did not accompany CNLBP.

Objective

To assess the effects of Percutaneous Electrolysis (PE) on pain and disability in individuals with tendinopathy.

Design

Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Databases Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, BVS, and PEDro were researched. Randomized controlled trials assessing PE's effect on pain intensity and disability in tendinopathies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2) was used to assess the risk of bias, and GRADE was used for evaluating the quality of evidence. Mean difference (MD) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the effects of PE on pain and disability.

Results

Seven studies were included with pooled sample of 282 individuals. PE associated with other interventions was superior to other interventions in reducing pain intensity at short-term (MD = −1.22; CI = −2.07 to −0.86) and intermediate term (MD = −1.35; CI = −2.20 to −0.51). PE associated with other interventions was superior to other interventions in improving disability at short-term (SMD = −0.69; CI = −1.29 to −0.09) but not at intermediate term (SMD = −0.71; CI = −1.79 to 0.36).

Conclusions

Evidence from very low to low quality, suggests that incorporating PE with other interventions reduces pain in the short and medium term. There is evidence of very low-quality suggesting PE interventions in improving disability in the short-term.

Background and purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pain and joint mobility outcomes in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD), being that effective treatments are of clinical interest. We aimed to evaluate the effects of manual therapy (MT) and dry needling (DN), compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy/control (CO), on pain, articular mobility, and fear of COVID-19 in patients with TMD.

Materials and methods

Sixty participants with myofascial TMD were randomly assigned to three groups: MT, DN, and CO. Participants received four weeks of treatment (30 min per week). The participants completed the Fear of COVID- 19 Scale, the Visual Analog Scale, and mandibular mobility was assessed. Data were collected before the intervention (T1), after the last treatment session (T2), and 30 days after the end of treatment (T3). The data were analyzed using two-way Mixed-Design ANOVA, considering the group effect (DN x MT x CO), time (T1, T2, and T3), and the interaction time × group in the observed variance of outcomes.

Results

We observed an interaction effect of time × group for maximum mouth opening, protrusion, and pain. The maximum mouth opening increased in the DN and MT groups (p = 0.005), while protrusion increased in the DN group (p = 0.007; test power = 97%, large effect size). A decrease in pain scores over time was observed in the DN and MT groups (p < 0.001; test power>99%, large effect size). The fear of COVID-19 score decreased in the DN and MT groups after 30 days (p = 0.033).

Conclusion

DN and MT improve pain, joint mobility, and fear of COVID-19 in patients with TMD.

Background

Research into the aetiology of spinal pain has shown a clear tendency towards a sensorimotor control perspective. In contrast to the lumbar spine, the available motor control tests for the cervical spine are extremely varied, little studied and sometimes very costly.

Objective

Review the quality and choice of the available cervical spine motor control tests. The diagnostic accuracy of the current low technology motor control tests was evaluated in a systematic review.

Method

A search for reliability and discriminative validity studies was conducted in the Pubmed MEDLINE® database (NCBI) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, according to the PRISMA–DTA protocol. Quality Appraisal for Reliability Studies (QAREL) and Standards for Reporting Diagnostic accuracy studies (STARD) were conducted to assess the quality of the included studies. The statistical parameters of ICC, kappa-value, sensitivity, specificity, Diagnostic Odds Ratio, Area Under the Curve, mean, standard deviation and/or the confidence interval were extracted.

Results

Two movement control test batteries, one head-eye-coordination test battery and the craniocervical flexion test were found to be standing out in terms of reliability, validity, applicability and cost-effectiveness (Kappa and ICC scores >0.8 for reliability and AUC 0,83 for validity.)

Discussion

To date only one study was published for each of the test batteries. Nevertheless, the risk of bias compared to all other cervical motor control tests found was significantly lower. Moreover, the application is possible completely without technical equipment, which makes the findings of the present work accessible to the majority of healthcare professionals.

Introduction

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of multiple cold-water immersions performed daily during the preseason period on biochemical, clinical, and neuromuscular aspects of muscle damage of soccer players.

Methods

This two-arm, prospectively registered, randomized controlled trial, blinded to statistician and assessors, was conducted at professional football club facilities. Twenty-three under-20 semi-professionals male soccer players were randomly allocated into cold water immersion group (bathtub with water and ice at 10 °C ± 1 °C for 10 min) or control group (rest for 10 min), every day, after training sessions during a preseason. Primary outcome was change in creatine kinase (CK) concentration, and secondary outcomes were changes in vertical jump performance, strength and perception of recovery at baseline (T0) and after protocol training (T1).

Results

Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) showed a statistically significant time-group interactions for CK concentration, with an average reduction of 280.39 U/L (CI95% = −519.14, −41.64; d = 0.55) in the cold-water immersion compared to the control group. No differences between groups were observed in any other measures.

Conclusion

Multiple cold-water immersions at 10 °C for 10 min decreases CK concentration but does not change any clinical and neuromuscular markers of muscle damage in soccer players during a 9-day preseason.

Background

Neck pain is a common condition, and a frequent treatment is chiropractic cervical spinal manipulation therapy (cSMT). However, cervical spinal manipulations have been associated with excessive cervical artery elongations, allegedly causing arterial dissection leading to stroke.

Purpose

The primary purpose of this study was to quantify the total vertebral artery elongations during cSMT, and secondarily, quantify the vertebral artery elongations during the pre-manipulative orientation of the head and neck and the subsequent elongations during the actual thrust.

Methods

Vertebral artery strains were measured at the cervical levels C0–C1, C1–C2, and C2–C3 using piezoelectric crystals that were sutured to the wall of the left and right vertebral artery in three cadavers. Vertebral artery strains were measured continuously for a full set of passive range of motion testing and for the chiropractic spinal manipulation.

Findings

For the range of motion testing, the greatest average vertebral artery strains at the C0–C1 level were 6.9% for ipsilateral flexion-rotation, at the C1–C2 level 4.3% for contralateral rotation, and at the C2–C3 level 3.7% for contralateral flexion-rotation. For the chiropractic spinal manipulation, the average maximal strains at the C0–C1, C1–C2 and C2–C3 levels were 1.3%, 0.1%, and 1.0%, respectively. The maximal average vertebral artery strains in the pre-manipulative phase were 0.5% and the corresponding maximal vertebral artery strains during the manipulative thrust was 1.1%.

Interpretation

Passive range of motion testing produced strains in the vertebral artery were 5.3 times (C0–C1), 7.2 times (C1–C2), and 3.7 times (C2–C3) greater than the corresponding strains during chiropractic spinal manipulation, suggesting that strains in the vertebral artery during chiropractic spinal manipulation were much smaller than the strains that can occur during normal everyday movements of the head and neck. Furthermore, vertebral artery strains in the pre-manipulative phase did not contribute to the peak strains on the contralateral vertebral artery and helped reduce strains on the ipsilateral side.

Background and aims

Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) is the major complication of diabetes, and sensory-motor impairments can compromise balance, increasing the risk of falls and consequently can lead to functional disability. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the sensory and motor aspects of balance in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without PDN.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study which analyzed balance in 51 individuals, divided into three groups: G1 – individuals with Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy; G2 - individuals with diabetics and without PDN; and G3 – individuals without Diabetes Mellitus. As for the instruments used to evaluate balance, specific tests based on model system approach were applied: MiniBESTest and the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Integration of Balance (mCTSIB).

Results

It was observed that individuals in G1 showed balance impairment in mCTSIB and MiniBESTest compared to G2 and G3. In individuals with diabetics without PDN (G2) there was a reduction in tandem position time on the unstable surface and worse anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) and reactive postural response (RPR) compared to individuals without diabetes (G3).

Conclusion

PDN showed impairments in both static and dynamic balance, with alterations in sensory orientation, decreased anticipatory and reactive postural response. However, individuals with diabetes and without PDN also present worsening response in tandem position time on the unstable surface, APA and RPR tasks.

Purpose

We hypothesized that exercises that selectively utilize local muscles responsible for segmental movements of the spine might promote local muscle activity and dynamic postural balance. In this study, we examined the effects of selective local muscle exercises (spinal articulation exercise) on dynamic postural control in healthy subjects.

Methods

The effects of spinal articulation exercise were examined using a deflated exercise ball for the postural sway in healthy students who were assigned to an exercise or control group. The independent variable was the extent of exposure to selective local muscle exercise, and the dependent variable was dynamic postural control. A stabilometer, which measures dynamic postural control, was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the exercises. In addition, center of gravity movements were assessed using a Gravicorder G-620 stabilometer in which the subject was asked to shift their center of gravity between 2 circles on a computer monitor. Pre- and post-intervention dynamic postural control was statistically evaluated between the exercise group and control group using the Mann-Whitney test.

Results

The post-intervention average COUNTS were significantly higher in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.003, r = 0.78). ENV. AREA was significantly smaller in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.036, r = 0.54). Furthermore, LNG/COUNTS were significantly smaller in the exercise group than in the control group (p = 0.024, r = 0.58).

Conclusions

Spinal articulation exercise may be used to enhance the dynamic postural balance of healthy young adults.