Papers in Regional Science最新文献

英文中文

Invention volatility and urban systems dynamics 发明波动性和城市系统动态

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100095

Breandán Ó hUallacháin, Jacob Douma

Large firms generate most American inventions. We know that cities are host to organizations of varying size and prevalence, but are these conditions important to urban system dynamics? This article presents volatility in patenting as a novel instrument for distinguishing between cities reliant on many or few organizations. Volatility is the standard deviation of a city’s inter-annual patenting growth rate over a period. We attest an inverse-size hypothesis between volatility and metropolitan size -- as metropolitan size increases volatility decays. This hypothesis belongs to a family of urban scaling power laws, but our approach is distinctive in linking invention volatility, city size, and the organization of technological progress. A focus on volatility facilitates an unraveling of intertwined place attributes and organizational characteristic. Place attributes include the level of engagement in invention and the growth rate of patenting by resident inventors. Organizational characteristics pertain to patentee type with an emphasis on the proportion of grants in a city to corporate champions, individual inventors, universities, and Federal agencies. Results show that while place attributes are influential beyond the largest metropolitan areas, organizational characteristics are key to understanding volatility in big cities.

美国的大部分发明都是由大公司创造的。我们知道，城市承载着不同规模和流行程度的组织，但这些条件对城市系统动态重要吗？本文介绍了专利的波动性，作为区分依赖于许多或少数组织的城市的一种新工具。波动性是一个城市在一段时间内的年际专利增长率的标准差。我们证明了波动性与大都市规模之间的逆规模假设——随着大都市规模的增加，波动性会衰减。这个假设属于城市规模幂定律家族，但我们的方法在将发明波动性、城市规模和技术进步的组织联系起来方面是独特的。对易变性的关注有助于解开交织在一起的场所属性和组织特征。地方属性包括参与发明的程度和当地发明人申请专利的增长率。组织特征与专利权人类型有关，重点是一个城市授予企业冠军、个人发明家、大学和联邦机构的比例。结果表明，虽然地方属性的影响超出了最大的大都市地区，但组织特征是理解大城市波动性的关键。

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引用次数: 0

The 'picking the fittest' approach and spatial dynamics in China’s artificial intelligence regional development 中国人工智能区域发展的“优胜劣汰”路径与空间动态

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100096

Saverio Barabuffi , Jacopo Cricchio , Alberto Di Minin

This paper investigates the role of regional specialization in ICT in fostering AI patenting performance and inter-regional spatial spillovers across China’s provincial-level regions. Using panel fixed effects estimators, a Spatial Autoregressive Regression model and by adapting the technological frontier IV strategy on a comprehensive database covering 2006–2021, we find that positively selecting areas where regional ICT specialization is leveraged – the “picking the fittest” approach – can increase AI patenting performance while exacerbating regional disparities. Furthermore, we find that geographical proximity to developed AI regions impedes AI patenting progress in neighboring areas. The findings highlight the need for collaborative regional strategies and urge policy-makers to achieve a balance between strengthening regional specialization and promoting cooperation.

本文研究了信息通信技术区域专业化在促进中国省级地区人工智能专利绩效和区域间空间溢出中的作用。利用面板固定效应估计器、空间自回归回归模型，并在覆盖2006-2021年的综合数据库上采用技术前沿IV战略，我们发现，积极选择利用区域ICT专业化的领域——“挑选最合适的”方法——可以提高人工智能专利绩效，同时加剧区域差距。此外，我们发现与人工智能发达地区的地理邻近性阻碍了邻近地区的人工智能专利进展。研究结果强调了协作性区域战略的必要性，并敦促决策者在加强区域专业化和促进合作之间取得平衡。

引用次数: 0

Adaptive recovery and regional response: The impact of an earthquake on tourism industry dynamics 适应性恢复与区域响应：地震对旅游业动态的影响

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100100

Roberto Urbani , Fabrizio Colantoni , Riccardo Persio , Vladislava Stanková

This study examines the impact of the 2009 earthquake in L′Aquila on the local tourism industry through the use of the Synthetic Control Method (SCM). Our findings have revealed a sharp decline in tourism supply in the short term, due to extensive infrastructural damage. Although governmental aid facilitated a partial recovery, in the medium term, the sector's growth trajectory has remained significantly below a counterfactual scenario, thereby highlighting the limited adaptive resilience of L′Aquila’s tourism industry to exogenous shocks. This result underscores the necessity of targeted policy interventions to enhance the long-term recovery and resilience of the tourism industry. Furthermore, our findings offer valuable insights for disaster response strategies and emphasise the importance of adaptive recovery planning and investments in risk management, particularly in regions that are vulnerable to natural disasters.

本研究采用综合控制方法（SCM）检验了2009年拉奎拉地震对当地旅游业的影响。我们的研究结果显示，由于基础设施的广泛破坏，短期内旅游供应急剧下降。虽然政府援助促进了部分复苏，但在中期，该部门的增长轨迹仍远低于反事实情景，从而突出了拉奎拉旅游业对外部冲击的有限适应能力。这一结果强调了有针对性的政策干预的必要性，以加强旅游业的长期复苏和复原力。此外，我们的研究结果为灾害应对策略提供了有价值的见解，并强调了适应性恢复规划和风险管理投资的重要性，特别是在易受自然灾害影响的地区。

引用次数: 0

On the impact of next generation EU funds: A regional synthetic control method approach 下一代欧盟基金的影响：一种区域综合控制方法方法

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100082

Daniel Aparicio-Pérez , Priscila Espinosa , Jose M. Pavía , Emili Tortosa-Ausina

The European Union’s Next Generation EU (NGEU) program and its implementation through the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) were conceived with the premise of promoting a coordinated fiscal response within the European Union to address the challenges arising from the COVID-19 crisis. The program provides Member States with access to grants and concessional loans aimed at supporting their recovery and resilience plans, which must incorporate coherent packages of reforms and investments. We evaluate the regional economic impact of the NGEU program in Spain, as one of the European countries most affected by the pandemic and, therefore, one of the program’s main beneficiaries. To do so, we employ counterfactual techniques, which are particularly useful when considering alternative scenarios, such as the existence or absence of NGEU funds. According to our results, the economic impact led to an increase in GDP per capita in 2022, a perspective that is projected in 2023, 2024, and 2025 compared to a scenario without NGEU funds. This result is robust to various robustness checks. This analysis sheds light on the economic transformations attributable to the implementation of these exceptional measures.

欧盟的新一代欧盟（NGEU）计划及其通过恢复和韧性基金（RRF）实施的前提是，促进欧盟内部协调一致的财政应对措施，以应对2019冠状病毒病危机带来的挑战。该方案向成员国提供赠款和优惠贷款，以支持其恢复和韧性计划，这些计划必须包含连贯的改革和投资一揽子计划。西班牙是受新冠肺炎疫情影响最严重的欧洲国家之一，因此也是该方案的主要受益者之一，我们评估了新冠肺炎应急方案在西班牙的区域经济影响。为此，我们采用了反事实技术，这在考虑其他情况时特别有用，例如是否存在NGEU资金。根据我们的研究结果，与没有NGEU资金的情况相比，经济影响导致2022年人均GDP增长，这是2023年、2024年和2025年的预测。该结果对各种鲁棒性检查具有鲁棒性。这一分析揭示了实施这些特殊措施所带来的经济转型。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of neighborhood composition on ethnic discrimination in the labor market 邻里构成对劳动力市场种族歧视的影响

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2024.100076

Sylvain Chareyron , Yannick L’Horty , Pascale Petit

In this article, we explore the relationship between ethnic discrimination and neighborhood composition using a field experiment involving employment applications in the fast-food industry in metropolitan France. First of all, we note a high overall level of discrimination in hiring on the basis of ethnic origin. Second, we merged the experimental dataset with census data at a fine geographical level so that we could explore the link between ethnic discrimination and the ethnic composition of the neighborhood. We find that the relationship between ethnic discrimination and the proportion of non-French nationals in a neighborhood is non-linear and negative.

本文以法国大都市快餐业的就业申请为研究对象，探讨族群歧视与邻里构成之间的关系。首先，我们注意到，在招聘方面，基于种族出身的歧视总体水平很高。其次，我们将实验数据集与精细地理层面的人口普查数据合并，以探索民族歧视与社区民族构成之间的联系。我们发现种族歧视与非法国国民在一个社区的比例是非线性和负的关系。

引用次数: 0

Cohesion policy and domestic fiscal expenditure in Italian regions: A sectoral ex-post assessment of the additionality principle 意大利地区的凝聚力政策和国内财政支出：对附加性原则的部门事后评估

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2024.100078

Fabio Mazzola , Debora Gambina

The additionality principle of the European cohesion policy was verified ex-ante by the European Commission and was eliminated starting from the 2021–27 programming period. However, the cohesion treatment may have ex-post reduced, in some cases, national spending and the decision to eliminate the principle should have been taken under a case-by-case scrutiny. The application of the additional principle has been suggested for more recent anti-crisis fiscal policy programmes and some authors have claimed a reintroduction of it for cohesion policy. This paper deals with an ex-post sector-by-sector evaluation of the additionality principle in the European cohesion policy with respect to domestic fiscal policy during the two most recently concluded programming periods (2007–13 and 2014–20). The application is carried out for the Italian regions. In particular, we look at how the relationships between cohesion policy and domestic non-cohesion fiscal policy may differ for specific sectors (education, culture, transportation and environment) employing a regional panel framework and addressing the issues of endogeneity and reverse causality explicitly. We construct a unique database which combines two sources of information available for the Italian case. The first includes information on cohesion projects while the other refers to the regionalized public expenditure obtained by consolidating all different sources of spending. We found strong sectoral heterogeneity in the compliance with the additionality principle. Cohesion policy in education and environment appears to display a substitution effect. On the contrary, cohesion policy seems more additional to domestic expenditures in transportation infrastructures. The analysis found some differences in the compliance with the additionality principle also among Italian regions. Sectoral and regional heterogeneity should be taken into account in practical policymaking.

欧洲凝聚政策的附加性原则事先得到欧盟委员会的验证，并从2021-27年规划期开始取消。但是，在某些情况下，凝聚力处理可能会在事后减少国家开支，取消这一原则的决定应该在逐案审查的情况下作出。有人建议在最近的反危机财政政策计划中应用这一附加原则，一些作者主张在凝聚力政策中重新引入这一原则。本文对最近结束的两个规划期（2007 - 2013年和2014 - 2020年）欧洲凝聚力政策中有关国内财政政策的附加性原则进行了逐部门的事后评估。该应用程序适用于意大利地区。特别是，我们着眼于凝聚力政策与国内非凝聚力财政政策之间的关系如何在特定部门（教育、文化、交通和环境）中有所不同，采用区域小组框架并明确解决内生性和反向因果关系问题。我们构建了一个独特的数据库，它结合了意大利案例的两个可用信息来源。前者包括关于凝聚力项目的信息，而后者是指通过整合所有不同的支出来源而获得的区域化公共支出。我们发现在遵从附加性原则方面存在很强的行业异质性。教育和环境的衔接政策表现出替代效应。相反，凝聚力政策似乎更多地是对国内交通基础设施支出的补充。分析发现，意大利各地区在遵守附加性原则方面也存在一些差异。在实际决策时应考虑到部门和区域的异质性。

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引用次数: 0

Labour demand in the wake of a shock: A dose–response approach 冲击后的劳动力需求：剂量反应方法

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100083

Fernanda Gutiérrez Amaros , Andrea Ascani , Alessandra Faggian , Wessel N. Vermeulen

This paper examines the impact of varying COVID-19 exposure levels on local labour demand in Italy during the first years of the pandemic. Using a dose–response framework and province-level monthly data on online job postings (NUTS3), we find a predominantly non-linear, negative relationship between COVID-19 exposure — measured by the contagion rate — and labour demand growth. However, at high exposure levels, a positive effect emerges, driven by increased demand for essential roles in Northern Italy. Our findings reveal significant regional disparities. Southern provinces experienced sharper declines in labour demand, despite lower exposure levels, reflecting their weaker economic structures and reliance on non-essential jobs. Conversely, Northern provinces with high exposure levels sustained a higher ratio of essential-to-non-essential vacancies, demonstrating greater economic resilience during the crisis. This study contributes to the literature by examining the underexplored effects of COVID-19 on labour demand in a European context, positioning Italy as a critical case study. It emphasises the pivotal role of essential jobs in mitigating economic disruption and highlights the Italian labour market’s non-linear responses to shocks and regional inequalities, offering insights into how sudden crises shape labour dynamics.

本文研究了在大流行的头几年，不同的COVID-19暴露水平对意大利当地劳动力需求的影响。使用剂量反应框架和省级月度在线招聘数据（NUTS3），我们发现COVID-19暴露（以传染率衡量）与劳动力需求增长之间存在主要非线性的负相关关系。然而，在高暴露水平下，由于意大利北部对关键角色的需求增加，积极影响出现了。我们的研究结果揭示了显著的地区差异。尽管受影响程度较低，但南方省份的劳动力需求降幅更大，这反映出它们的经济结构较弱，对非必要工作的依赖。相反，暴露程度较高的北部省份的基本职位空缺与非基本职位空缺的比例较高，显示出在危机期间更强的经济弹性。本研究通过考察COVID-19在欧洲背景下对劳动力需求的未充分探索的影响，将意大利定位为一个关键案例研究，为文献做出了贡献。它强调了关键工作在缓解经济混乱方面的关键作用，并强调了意大利劳动力市场对冲击和地区不平等的非线性反应，为了解突发危机如何影响劳动力动态提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Digital technology and regional income inequality: Are better institutions the solution? 数字技术和地区收入不平等：更好的制度是解决方案吗？

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100079

Roberto Antonietti , Chiara Burlina , Andres Rodríguez-Pose

In this paper, we examine the effect of regional digital technology (including computing, communication equipment, software, and databases) on income distribution at the regional level. We aim to fill a gap in existing research by exploring the moderating role of formal and informal institutions —such as bonding and bridging social capital— in shaping how digital technology affects income inequality across European NUTS2 regions from 2006 to 2016. The results indicate that regions with greater access to digital technology are prone to higher levels of income inequality. However, this negative link is mitigated by strong formal and informal institutions, particularly through improved government effectiveness and bridging social capital. The findings are robust to potential endogeneity concerns, as demonstrated by the instrumental variable approach adopted.

在本文中，我们研究了区域数字技术（包括计算、通信设备、软件和数据库）对区域收入分配的影响。我们的目标是填补现有研究的空白，探索正式和非正式制度的调节作用，如纽带和桥梁社会资本，在塑造数字技术如何影响2006年至2016年欧洲NUTS2地区的收入不平等。研究结果表明，数字技术普及程度越高的地区，收入不平等程度越高。然而，强大的正式和非正式制度，特别是通过提高政府效率和弥合社会资本，减轻了这种负面联系。研究结果对潜在的内生性问题是稳健的，正如所采用的工具变量方法所证明的那样。

引用次数: 0

Special economic zones and land misallocation: Evidence from Chinese cities 经济特区与土地错配：来自中国城市的证据

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100084

Yi Cui

This study examines the impact of China’s special economic zones (SEZs) on land misallocation, primarily using city-level data for China from 2003 to 2018. The findings indicate that establishing SEZs exacerbates land misallocation by over-allocating land to cities, resulting in an average annual loss of 0.22% of real urban GDP. After establishing SEZs, local governments change their land supply strategies by adjusting supply mode, object, and preference, reducing land allocation efficiency. Thus, the bundling of SEZs and government intervention is an essential cause of land misallocation. Furthermore, the geographical location of SEZs affects land allocation efficiency through the spatial form of cities. Its spatial separation from the core urban area is an essential cause of land misallocation. This study has important implications for more effective planning and implementation of SEZs.

本研究主要使用2003年至2018年中国城市层面的数据，考察了中国经济特区（SEZs）对土地错配的影响。研究结果表明，经济特区的建立加剧了土地分配不当，将土地过度分配给城市，导致平均每年损失城市实际GDP的0.22%。经济特区建立后，地方政府通过调整土地供应方式、对象和偏好等方式改变土地供应策略，降低了土地配置效率。因此，经济特区与政府干预的捆绑是土地分配不当的根本原因。经济特区的地理位置通过城市的空间形态影响土地配置效率。其与核心城区的空间分离是土地配置不当的根本原因。本研究对更有效地规划和实施经济特区具有重要意义。

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Providing infrastructure when it matters: University proximity at teenage years and educational attainment 必要时提供基础设施：在青少年时期就近上大学，提高受教育程度

IF 2.4 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Papers in Regional Science

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pirs.2025.100081

Oussama Ben Atta , George Abuchi Agwu

This paper investigates the long- and short-term effects of geographical proximity to universities on educational attainment in Nigeria. We relate individuals level of schooling obtained from three rounds of the Nigeria’s Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) to spatial distance to university measured by pairing residential and university campuses geographical coordinates. To identify the long-run effect of the distance to university, we exploit the theory of residential sorting to instrument residential proximity to university. Specifically, we instrument distance to university drawing on variations in households’ proximity to state boundary posts and neighbourhood population density. The instrumental variable estimates show a negative and significant effect of distance revealing that geographical constraints during teenage years represent a barrier to the subsequent human capital acquisition. Additional short-run results from a difference-in-differences estimation indicate that a large scale establishment of universities that suddenly reduced distance to university for some households had beneficial trickle-down effects by increasing enrollment and decreasing the intention to drop out of school, supporting evidence of the role of distance costs in the accumulation of human capital in Nigeria.

本文研究了尼日利亚地理位置靠近大学对教育成就的长期和短期影响。我们将从三轮尼日利亚生活水平测量调查（LSMS）中获得的个人受教育水平与通过配对住宅和大学校园地理坐标测量的到大学的空间距离联系起来。为了确定大学距离的长期影响，我们利用住宅分类理论来衡量住宅与大学的接近程度。具体来说，我们根据家庭与州边界哨所的接近程度和社区人口密度的变化来测量到大学的距离。工具变量估计显示了距离的负和显著影响，表明青少年时期的地理限制对随后的人力资本获取构成障碍。差异中之差估计的其他短期结果表明，大学的大规模建立突然缩短了一些家庭到大学的距离，通过增加入学率和降低辍学意愿，产生了有益的涓滴效应，支持了距离成本在尼日利亚人力资本积累中的作用的证据。

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