Development Policy Review最新文献

Aligning development and climate goals: The role of poverty in household mitigation strategies 协调发展和气候目标：贫困在家庭缓解战略中的作用

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70060

Nkechi S. Owoo

Motivation

Climate change remains one of the most pressing global challenges, one which is driven largely by human activity. While countries, including Ghana, have made commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the impacts of global warming are already being felt. For many low-income populations, particularly those facing multiple deprivations, climate action may not be a priority. Understanding how poverty in its various dimensions intersects with household-level climate mitigation is crucial for designing inclusive environmental and development policies.

Purpose

This study explores the relationship between multidimensional poverty and climate mitigation behaviours in Ghana. It seeks to answer the following questions: (1) How does multidimensional poverty affect the likelihood of adopting climate mitigation strategies at the household level? (2) Are there gender and locational differences in climate action among poor households?

Approach and Methods

The study uses nationally representative panel data for Ghana. A multidimensional poverty index (MDPI) is constructed based on indicators defined by the Ghana Statistical Service and the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI). A correlated random-effects (CRE) probit model is applied to examine the link between poverty and household-level climate mitigation behaviours.

Findings

Households headed by males and those in urban areas are more likely to adopt clean, mitigative strategies. In contrast, multidimensional poverty is consistently associated with a lower likelihood of climate mitigation. Deprivation in areas such as health, education and living standards may push climate concerns down household priority lists. However, poor households in urban areas are more likely to engage in climate mitigation than their rural counterparts, suggesting a locational advantage.

Policy Implications

Effective climate policies must account for social and spatial inequalities. Integrating poverty reduction with climate action, especially through improved access to basic services, can enhance the adoption of mitigation strategies, ensuring no one is left behind in the climate transition.

气候变化仍然是最紧迫的全球挑战之一，主要是由人类活动驱动的。虽然包括加纳在内的一些国家已经承诺减少温室气体排放，但全球变暖的影响已经开始显现。对于许多低收入人群，特别是那些面临多重贫困的人群，气候行动可能不是一个优先事项。了解贫困的各个方面如何与家庭一级的气候缓解相互影响，对于制定包容性的环境和发展政策至关重要。本研究探讨了加纳多维贫困与气候减缓行为之间的关系。它力求回答以下问题：(1)多维贫困如何影响在家庭一级采取减缓气候变化战略的可能性？(2)贫困家庭的气候行动是否存在性别和地域差异？方法和方法本研究使用了加纳具有全国代表性的面板数据。多维贫困指数（MDPI）是根据加纳统计局和牛津贫困与人类发展倡议（OPHI）确定的指标构建的。采用相关随机效应概率模型来检验贫困与家庭一级气候缓解行为之间的联系。男性户主的家庭和城市地区的家庭更有可能采取清洁的缓解策略。相反，多层面贫困始终与减缓气候变化的可能性较低有关。健康、教育和生活水平等领域的匮乏可能会将气候问题推下家庭的优先事项清单。然而，城市地区的贫困家庭比农村地区的贫困家庭更有可能参与减缓气候变化，这表明存在区位优势。有效的气候政策必须考虑到社会和空间不平等。将减贫与气候行动结合起来，特别是通过改善获得基本服务的机会，可以加强缓解战略的采用，确保在气候转型中不让任何一个人掉队。

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引用次数: 0

From data to sustainability: Using explainable AI to promote electric vehicle development and understand consumer preferences 从数据到可持续性：利用可解释的人工智能促进电动汽车发展，了解消费者偏好

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70059

Xianglei Zhu, Jing Yang, Fan Zhang

Motivation

The global need to accelerate the development and consumption of electric vehicles (EVs) as a sustainable alternative to traditional transport.

Purpose

To identify potential consumers willing to switch to EVs and understand the underlying drivers of their behavior by utilizing Explainable Artificial Intelligence (EAI).

Approach and methods

The study analysed data from 1,964 users. Technical characteristics (Class A) were evaluated using Probit regression and one-way ANOVA, while sociodemographic characteristics (Class B) were assessed via logistic regression. A user mining model was developed to predict behaviour, with Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) used to determine the relative contribution of each predictor. Additionally, simulated enhancements in product indicators were modeled to identify “persuadable” potential buyers.

Findings

Purchasing decisions are significantly influenced by a combination of sociodemographic and technical factors. SHAP analysis successfully quantified the impact of these predictors, and potential user modeling confirmed that improvements in specific technical features could effectively convert reluctant consumers into EV adopters.

Policy implications

To drive EV adoption, developers and policy-makers should prioritize targeted technical enhancements. Marketing and product development strategies should focus on those specific technical indicators that the model shows have the highest potential to shift consumer behaviour towards adoption.

全球需要加速电动汽车（ev）的发展和消费，作为传统交通工具的可持续替代品。目的利用可解释人工智能（EAI）识别愿意转向电动汽车的潜在消费者，并了解其行为的潜在驱动因素。研究分析了1964名用户的数据。技术特征（A类）使用Probit回归和单因素方差分析进行评估，而社会人口特征（B类）通过逻辑回归进行评估。开发了一个用户挖掘模型来预测行为，使用Shapley加性解释（SHAP）来确定每个预测器的相对贡献。此外，模拟产品指标的增强，以确定“可说服”的潜在买家。调查结果：消费者的购买决策受到社会人口因素和技术因素的共同影响。SHAP分析成功地量化了这些预测因素的影响，潜在用户建模证实了特定技术特征的改进可以有效地将不情愿的消费者转变为电动汽车的采用者。为了推动电动汽车的普及，开发人员和政策制定者应该优先考虑有针对性的技术改进。营销和产品开发战略应侧重于模型显示最有可能使消费者行为转向采用的那些具体技术指标。

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引用次数: 0

How Tanzania's levy on mobile money affects small businesses 坦桑尼亚对移动货币征税对小企业有何影响

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70049

Stefanie Pfeil, Luciana Nyaoke Murimi, Marius Siebert, Fabrizio Santoro

Motivation

In July 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Tanzanian government introduced a new tax on mobile money transactions ranging between TZS 10 to TZS 10,000, increasing the costs of mobile money transfers and withdrawals in addition to the pre-existing 18% VAT and 10% excise duty. It was labelled as “patriotic levy” to finance development projects, followed by public outcry and concerns about setbacks in the financial inclusion.

Purpose

This article examines the impact of the Tanzanian e-levy on the payment behaviour of loan repayments, as well as the level of knowledge and perceptions of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) as saving and credit cooperative organizations (SACCOS) members in Tanzania.

Approach and methods

This report is based on the combination of a unique database of loan repayments of MSEs and structured phone interviews with 600 MSEs.

Findings

The results show that the loan repayment amount of MSEs grew, while the total number of transactions decreased; the general knowledge about the e-levy is poor, and more knowledge leads to a more negative perception of the tax; while the general perception of mobile money is positive, the general perception of the e-levy is negative, particularly among male-led MSEs operating in urban areas and engaged in the trade sector, as well as businesses with higher levels of digital inclusion.

Policy implications

The e-levy's limited impact on loan repayments suggests resilience among MSEs but highlights the need for transparent communication and balanced tax design. To foster greater understanding and policy effectiveness policy-makers could enhance transparency and tailor awareness efforts to different groups.

2021年7月，在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，坦桑尼亚政府对移动货币交易征收10至1万坦桑尼亚先令的新税，在原有18%的增值税和10%的消费税之外，增加了移动货币转账和取款的成本。它被称为为发展项目融资的“爱国税”，随后引发了公众的强烈抗议和对普惠金融受挫的担忧。本文考察了坦桑尼亚电子税对贷款偿还支付行为的影响，以及作为坦桑尼亚储蓄和信贷合作组织（SACCOS）成员的微型和小型企业（MSEs）的知识水平和观念。方法和方法本报告基于一个独特的小微企业贷款偿还数据库和对600家小微企业的结构化电话采访的结合。结果表明：中小微企业的贷款偿还金额有所增加，但交易总量有所减少；人们对电子税的普遍认知较差，知识越多，对电子税的认知就越负面；虽然对移动货币的普遍看法是积极的，但对电子税的普遍看法是消极的，特别是在城市地区经营和从事贸易部门的男性领导的中小企业，以及数字包容性水平较高的企业中。电子税对贷款偿还的影响有限，这表明中小企业具有弹性，但也强调了透明沟通和平衡税收设计的必要性。为了促进更多的理解和政策有效性，决策者可以提高透明度，并根据不同的群体调整提高认识的努力。

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引用次数: 0

Digital innovations and institutional barriers in agricultural input subsidy programmes in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from Nigeria 撒哈拉以南非洲农业投入补贴计划中的数字创新和制度障碍：来自尼日利亚的证据

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70057

Ayobami Adetoyinbo, Saurabh Gupta, Victor Okoruwa

Motivation: Agricultural input subsidy programmes are crucial for improving agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, there is little empirical evidence on how second-generation input subsidy programmes (SISPs) based on information and communication technology (ICT) are implemented and the institutional challenges that undermine their effectiveness.

Purpose: This article assesses the implementation of ICT-based SISPs and their challenges in SSA using the Nigerian e-wallet input subsidy programme as a case study. We draw on a conceptual framework that integrates the national innovation system (NIS), contingency theory, and new institutional economics.

Approach and methods: We analysed expert interviews and participatory qualitative data from Process Net-Maps and focus group discussions (FGDs) using content and Process Net-Map analyses.

Findings: The results show that over 20 public, private and community actors were involved in implementing the e-wallet SISP across five stages. The programme increased private-sector participation, reduced corruption, improved recipient targeting, and speeded up input delivery compared to first-generation input programmes. However, weak institutional arrangements (such as poor funding, restricted institutional collaborations, and stakeholder capability gaps) undermined the innovation aspect of the e-wallet SISP. The programme also faced five main challenges: policy inconsistency, poor information flow and weak reporting, moral hazards such as “round-tripping,” input leakage and diversion, and elite capture. The study concludes that institutional constraints, rigid organizational structures, and a narrow focus on solving first-generation programme challenges limited the ability of actors to adapt to new and evolving challenges.

Policy implications: Effective SISPs and input policies require supportive institutional environments that allow actors from all sectors to function effectively. Programmes should thus be designed and managed with flexible and organic structures that foster collaboration among private, public, and community stakeholders. Continuous, stage-specific evaluations and smart governance tools, such as real-time mobile data collection and buy-back initiatives, can strengthen monitoring, input tracking, accountability, and input use incentives.

动机：农业投入补贴计划对提高撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）的农业生产力至关重要。然而，关于如何实施基于信息和通信技术（ICT）的第二代投入补贴计划（SISPs）以及破坏其有效性的制度挑战的经验证据很少。目的：本文以尼日利亚电子钱包投入补贴计划为例，评估基于信息通信技术的SISPs的实施及其在SSA中的挑战。我们借鉴了一个整合了国家创新系统（NIS）、权变理论和新制度经济学的概念框架。方法和方法：我们使用内容和过程网络图分析分析了专家访谈和来自过程网络图和焦点小组讨论（fgd）的参与性定性数据。调查结果：结果显示，超过20个公共、私人和社区参与者参与了电子钱包SISP的实施，共分五个阶段。与第一代投入方案相比，该方案增加了私营部门的参与，减少了腐败，改善了对受援国的定位，并加快了投入的交付。然而，薄弱的制度安排（如资金不足、机构合作受限和利益相关者能力差距）破坏了电子钱包SISP的创新方面。该计划还面临五个主要挑战：政策不一致、信息流动不畅和报告不力、“往返”等道德风险、投入的泄漏和转移，以及精英的捕获。该研究的结论是，制度约束、僵化的组织结构以及对解决第一代规划挑战的狭隘关注限制了行动者适应新的和不断变化的挑战的能力。政策影响：有效的sisp和投入政策需要支持性的体制环境，使所有部门的行动者都能有效地发挥作用。因此，应以灵活和有机的结构设计和管理方案，促进私营、公共和社区利益攸关方之间的合作。持续的、具体阶段的评估和智能治理工具，如实时移动数据收集和回购计划，可以加强监测、投入跟踪、问责制和投入使用激励。

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引用次数: 0

Adaptable livelihoods and the persistence of pastoralism: A longitudinal study of pastoral livelihood transformation in northern Kenya, Isiolo 适应性生计和畜牧业的持久性：对肯尼亚北部牧民生计转型的纵向研究

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70058

Tahira Mohamed

Motivation

Strong narratives claiming the end of pastoralism due to highly variable social and economic turbulence arising from climate-induced crises, conflict, and social exclusion exist in development spaces, yet pastoralism persists. Addressing these crises in pastoral areas has often been static, short-term, and blind to changes in spatial, temporal, and gender variations. Drawing on the 1975 work of Gudrun Dahl, Suffering grass, which covers the livelihoods of Waso Borana pastoralists in Isiolo, northern Kenya, this article assesses the persistence of pastoral livelihoods despite far-reaching social, political, economic, and technological change over the last 45 years (1975–2020).

Approach and Method

The study employed a multi-sited ethnography through a longitudinal lens in two pastoral areas, one remotely located (Korbesa) and one connected to an urban centre (Kinna). The study population included men and women, young and old, wealthy and low-income herders.

Findings

The study found that pastoralism persists due to “adaptable livelihood” practices built on relational, redistribution, and mutual support in the form of “moral economies.” These moral economies remain central to how pastoralists survived over 45 years and have been changing and adapting to new settings. The study emphasizes how these practices vary across different space, time, and social groups.

Policy Implications

As the world celebrates the significance of pastoralism and rangelands in the coming International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralism (IYRP2026), this study contributes to the debate on livelihood trajectories and the implications for development planning, particularly around resilience building in pastoral areas. Focusing on adaptable livelihoods within a longitudinal, empirical case study provides new insights into pastoralism and how pastoralists have taken advantage of new technologies, public services, and close links to urban areas, areas often ignored in conventional development intervention. These adaptive livelihood practices in pastoral areas can improve resilience to the growing threats of climate-induced crises and food insecurity.

在发展空间中存在着强烈的叙事，声称由于气候引发的危机、冲突和社会排斥引起的高度可变的社会和经济动荡导致了畜牧业的终结，但畜牧业仍然存在。在牧区解决这些危机往往是静态的、短期的，并且忽视了空间、时间和性别差异的变化。根据古德伦·达尔1975年的著作《苦难的草》，本文评估了在过去45年（1975 - 2020年）中，尽管社会、政治、经济和技术发生了深远的变化，但牧民生计的持续性。该书涵盖了肯尼亚北部伊西奥洛瓦索博拉纳牧民的生计。该研究通过纵向镜头在两个牧区采用了多地点人种志，一个位于偏远地区（Korbesa），另一个与城市中心相连（Kinna）。研究人群包括男性和女性、年轻人和老年人、富裕和低收入的牧民。研究发现，由于“适应性生计”实践以“道德经济”的形式建立在关系、再分配和相互支持的基础上，畜牧业得以延续。这些道德经济仍然是牧民45年来生存下来并不断改变和适应新环境的核心。该研究强调了这些做法在不同的空间、时间和社会群体中是如何变化的。在即将到来的国际牧场和畜牧业年（IYRP2026）中，全世界都在庆祝畜牧业和牧场的重要性，本研究有助于就生计轨迹及其对发展规划的影响，特别是对牧区恢复力建设的影响进行辩论。在纵向的实证案例研究中关注适应性生计，为畜牧业以及牧民如何利用新技术、公共服务以及与城市地区的密切联系提供了新的见解，而传统的发展干预措施往往忽视了这些领域。牧区的这些适应性生计做法可以提高抵御日益严重的气候危机和粮食不安全威胁的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Trade policies for low-carbon development in developing countries: Insights from Kenya 发展中国家促进低碳发展的贸易政策：来自肯尼亚的见解

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70048

Shadrack Muthami Mwatu, Amsalu Woldie Yalew, Victor Nechifor, Amarendra Sahoo

Motivation

Greenhouse gas emissions from the transport, energy, and industrial sectors are rising in Kenya, with projections indicating that energy production and consumption will be the leading sources of emissions by 2030.

Purpose

This study aims to examine the potential role of energy-efficiency-improving low-carbon technologies in transitioning the economy towards low-carbon development.

Approach and methods

It assesses the increased supply of energy-efficiency-improving machinery as an intermediate input to reduce energy consumption to the macroeconomy and environment in domestic and international financing scenarios using a computable general equilibrium model for Kenya.

Findings

Overall, increasing energy efficiency and improving machinery and equipment under the two financing options has a positive impact on gross domestic product, exports, imports, domestic production, and household consumption. The economic and environmental effects of financing through international support are more pronounced compared to those of financing through domestic resources.

Policy implications

The results of the study imply that developing countries such as Kenya can consider and explore different trade policies and instruments to support their path to low-carbon development. This could include reducing or removing tariffs on low-carbon technology machinery. Advanced world economies, for their part, could finance the supply of low-carbon technologies by making these available at lower cost.

肯尼亚交通、能源和工业部门的温室气体排放量正在上升，预测表明，到2030年，能源生产和消费将成为主要的排放来源。本研究旨在探讨提高能源效率的低碳技术在经济向低碳发展转型中的潜在作用。方法和方法本报告使用肯尼亚可计算的一般均衡模型，评估了在国内和国际融资情景中，提高能源效率的机械作为减少宏观经济和环境能源消耗的中间投入而增加的供应。总体而言，在两种融资方案下，提高能源效率和改进机械设备对国内生产总值、出口、进口、国内生产和家庭消费都有积极影响。与通过国内资源筹资相比，通过国际支助筹资的经济和环境影响更为显著。该研究的结果表明，肯尼亚等发展中国家可以考虑和探索不同的贸易政策和工具，以支持他们的低碳发展道路。这可能包括降低或取消低碳技术机械的关税。发达经济体则可以通过降低低碳技术的成本，为其提供资金。

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引用次数: 0

FDI attraction strategies in Peru’s SEZ: Identifying constraints and optimal industries* 秘鲁经济特区吸引外国直接投资策略：确定制约因素和最优产业*

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70050

Keun-Yeob Oh, Jongheuk Kim, Hokyung Bang, Javier Hernando Illescas

Motivation

Peru has positioned itself as an attractive destination for foreign direct investment (FDI), yet the economic impact of its Special Economic Zones (SEZs) remains significantly underutilized. These zones currently contribute less than 1% of Peru's total exports – a stark contrast to regional counterparts which achieve approximately 40% export contribution. This underperformance reflects a critical gap between policy intentions and actual implementation outcomes, warranting systematic examination of constraining factors.

Purpose

This study identifies and critically analyzes the specific constraints that limit the effectiveness of Peru's SEZs in attracting FDI and proposes evidence-based policy solutions. The research addresses three interconnected questions: What institutional, economic, social, and technological barriers impede FDI inflows to Peruvian SEZs? What sectors offer the greatest potential for attracting foreign investment? How can targeted policy reforms enhance SEZ competitiveness and development impact?

Approach and Methods

We employed integrated PEST and SWOT analytical frameworks to systemically investigate barriers to FDI attraction. Data collection combined qualitative methods – including structured interviews with government officials, SEZ management authorities, and investment representatives – with quantitative analysis of trade data. Additionally, we developed a Present-Future (P-F) model combining revealed comparative advantage calculations with expert survey assessments to identify optimal target industries.

Findings

The analysis reveals three critical structural barriers: excessive concentration on low-value-added industries, insufficient infrastructure and trade facilitation, and poorly calibrated incentive frameworks. However, substantial opportunities exist for improvement through strengthened governmental functions and enhanced business environments. Natural resources and food-processing industries emerge as immediate priorities, while higher-value manufacturing sectors offer longer-term diversification potential.

Policy Implications

Successful FDI attraction requires shifting from broad incentives toward targeted, performance-based policies. Priority interventions include infrastructure development, human capital upgrading in SEZ reg

秘鲁已将自己定位为吸引外国直接投资（FDI）的目的地，但其经济特区（SEZs）的经济影响仍未得到充分利用。这些经济特区目前对秘鲁出口总额的贡献不到1%，与区域经济特区的出口贡献约为40%形成鲜明对比。这种表现不佳反映了政策意图与实际执行结果之间的严重差距，有必要对制约因素进行系统审查。本研究确定并批判性地分析了限制秘鲁经济特区吸引外国直接投资有效性的具体制约因素，并提出了基于证据的政策解决方案。该研究解决了三个相互关联的问题：哪些制度、经济、社会和技术壁垒阻碍了外国直接投资流入秘鲁经济特区？哪些部门吸引外资的潜力最大？有针对性的政策改革如何提高经济特区的竞争力和发展影响力？方法和方法采用PEST和SWOT综合分析框架，对我国吸引外商直接投资的障碍进行了系统研究。数据收集将定性方法（包括与政府官员、经济特区管理机构和投资代表的结构化访谈）与贸易数据的定量分析相结合。此外，我们开发了一个现在-未来（P-F）模型，将揭示的比较优势计算与专家调查评估相结合，以确定最佳目标行业。分析揭示了三个关键的结构性壁垒：过度集中于低附加值产业，基础设施和贸易便利化不足，以及校准不当的激励框架。但是，通过加强政府职能和改善商业环境，存在着大量的改进机会。自然资源和食品加工业成为当务之急，而价值较高的制造业提供了长期多样化的潜力。政策影响成功吸引外国直接投资需要从广泛的激励转向有针对性的、基于绩效的政策。优先干预措施包括基础设施建设、经济特区的人力资本升级，以及利用秘鲁比较优势的特定行业战略。协调经济特区政策与更广泛的国家工业发展计划对于产生持续的外国直接投资流入和包容性经济增长至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Civil society, donor dynamics, and climate justice in Jordan: Navigating aid for inclusive climate action 约旦的公民社会、捐助动态和气候正义：为包容性气候行动提供援助

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70046

Hussam Hussein

Motivation

Civil Sociey Organizations (CSOs) are increasingly recognized as key actors in delivering inclusive climate action in the Global South. This article examines how Jordanian CSOs engage with climate policy through a justice-oriented lens while navigating donor priorities and dependencies.

Approach and methods

Drawing on 17 semi-structured interviews from the "SharaKa" initiative, the study analyses how CSOs frame climate justice, influence national policy, and adapt to the constraints of donor-driven agendas.

Findings

While donors promote inclusive participation, their funding modalities and reporting requirements often depoliticize climate action and limit grassroots influence. Jordanian CSOs, however, display significant agency by reframing donor discourse, building coalitions, and embedding justice concerns into local policy debates. The findings highlight the need for donor practices that recognize CSOs as strategic partners rather than serving contractors and for national climate governance frameworks that institutionalize justice-based approaches.

Policy implications

Donors should adopt flexible funding mechanisms that enable context-specific action; strengthen horizontal partnerships with CSOs; and support participatory policy processes that elevate marginalized voices in climate governance.

民间社会组织（cso）越来越被认为是在全球南方开展包容性气候行动的关键行动者。本文考察了约旦公民社会组织如何通过以正义为导向的视角参与气候政策，同时把握捐助者的优先事项和依赖关系。通过对“SharaKa”倡议的17次半结构化访谈，本研究分析了公民社会组织如何构建气候正义、影响国家政策以及适应捐助者驱动议程的限制。虽然捐助者促进包容性参与，但其供资方式和报告要求往往使气候行动非政治化，限制了基层的影响力。然而，约旦的公民社会组织通过重新构建捐赠话语、建立联盟和将正义问题纳入当地政策辩论，展示了重要的代理作用。研究结果强调，需要将公民社会组织视为战略合作伙伴而不是为承包商服务的捐助者实践，以及将基于正义的方法制度化的国家气候治理框架。政策影响捐助者应采取灵活的供资机制，使其能够根据具体情况采取行动；加强与民间社会组织的横向伙伴关系；支持参与性政策进程，提升气候治理中边缘化的声音。

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引用次数: 0

Grounds for growth? Institutional mechanisms of value chain upgrading in Ethiopia's coffee sector 增长的理由？埃塞俄比亚咖啡行业价值链升级的体制机制

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70047

Hiwot Abayneh Ayele, Anne Margarian, Daniela Weible

Motivation

Agricultural commodity exports are important to many low-income countries. In recent years, domestic processing of commodities, the so-called “functional upgrading” of global value chains (GVCs), has been put forward as a favoured path to enhance economic development. Little attention has been paid, however, to national policies and institutions that may conflict with the development of specific and competitive domestic value chains.

Approach and methods

Adopting a case-study approach that draws on expert interviews and other data sources, we analyse how national institutional conditions affect the development of different Ethiopian coffee value chains from a mechanism perspective. Focusing on mechanisms supports causal reconstruction, and thereby the generalization of results.

Findings

Our detailed findings confirm and illustrate two main points: value chain development requires functioning markets. And functioning markets require institutions, the optimal design of which depends on the wider institutional, social, and political environment. The upgrading of the value chain requires coordination between multiple stakeholders and is easily undermined by inconsistent policy interventions and institutional structures. In Ethiopia, the goal of earning foreign exchange might be better served by support for value chain upgrading than by a ban on domestic trade in exporting quality coffee beans, which tends to undermine upgrading efforts.

Policy implications

For policy-makers, it is important to develop a coherent strategy for industrial and economic development and to design the institutional landscape accordingly. Taking into account trade-offs between different objectives can mean avoiding overly rigid interventions, such as the ban on export-quality coffee from the domestic market for the sake of achieving one objective. Generally, domestic upgrading of the value chains of abundant commodities is not necessarily the best path to economic development. Specifically, with pronounced economies of scale, the foreign currency generated by commodity exports may better be used to develop other sectors.

农产品出口对许多低收入国家很重要。近年来，商品的国内加工，即所谓的全球价值链的“功能升级”，已被提出作为促进经济发展的有利途径。然而，很少有人注意到可能与发展特定的、有竞争力的国内价值链相冲突的国家政策和制度。方法和方法采用案例研究方法，利用专家访谈和其他数据来源，我们从机制角度分析了国家制度条件如何影响埃塞俄比亚不同咖啡价值链的发展。关注机制支持因果重建，从而促进结果的推广。我们的详细研究结果证实并说明了两个主要观点：价值链的发展需要有效的市场。运转良好的市场需要制度，而制度的最佳设计取决于更广泛的制度、社会和政治环境。价值链的升级需要多个利益相关者之间的协调，并且很容易被不一致的政策干预和制度结构所破坏。在埃塞俄比亚，支持价值链升级可能比禁止出口优质咖啡豆的国内贸易更有利于实现赚取外汇的目标，因为后者往往会破坏升级努力。政策影响对于决策者来说，重要的是为工业和经济发展制定连贯的战略，并相应地设计制度格局。考虑到不同目标之间的权衡可以意味着避免过于严格的干预，例如为了实现一个目标而禁止国内市场出口优质咖啡。一般来说，国内商品丰富的价值链升级不一定是经济发展的最佳途径。具体地说，由于明显的规模经济，商品出口产生的外汇可以更好地用于发展其他部门。

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引用次数: 0

Everyday governance on the Somalia-Kenya border: Flourishing without state support 索马里-肯尼亚边境的日常治理：没有国家支持的繁荣

IF 1.4 3区经济学 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Development Policy Review

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1111/dpr.70045

Patta Scott-Villiers

Motivation

How do people living in an insecure borderland beset by civil war and insurgency solve social problems and improve life when they are targeted by counterinsurgency forces, taxed by insurgents, and their villages are too insecure to get state or NGO services? Understanding their everyday governance helps reorient approaches to development in areas in or emerging from war.

Purpose

The article presents insights from residents of rural areas on either side of the national border between Somalia and Kenya, where protracted and violent conflict has been ongoing for over 30 years. It focuses on practices of everyday governance from a grounded perspective. What do residents' solutions look like? Who do they engage with and how? What norms and connections do they privilege?

Methods and approach

Resident-led reflection began in early 2024 and continued for six months with 50 diverse borderland residents formed into small cross-border groups. Facilitators invited them to reflect on their daily lives using a storytelling method.

Findings

People and their organizations are consistently negotiating security, managing social relations, and forging cross-community collaborations. In these borderlands, where economic, military, and geopolitical interfaces are hardened by military and political frontiers, the role of the individual and their communities in solving governance problems is especially salient.

Policy implications

These findings challenge some core assumptions of contemporary governance interventions in areas of limited statehood that suggest that state building should begin from the top and concentrate on government. Governments and NGOs should stress-test their proposed and ongoing policies and programmes by asking how well they enhance the three processes that citizens are already working on: negotiations over security, the organization of community relations, and the networks of interconnected problem solving.

生活在不安全的边境地区的人们被内战和叛乱所困扰，当他们成为反叛乱部队的目标，被叛乱分子征税，他们的村庄太不安全而无法获得国家或非政府组织的服务时，他们如何解决社会问题并改善生活？了解他们的日常治理有助于调整处于战争或刚刚摆脱战争的地区的发展方法。本文介绍了索马里和肯尼亚之间国家边界两侧农村地区居民的见解，这些地区的长期暴力冲突已经持续了30多年。它从基础的角度关注日常治理的实践。居民的解决方案是什么样子的？他们与谁互动，如何互动？他们看重什么样的规范和关系？居民主导的反思始于2024年初，持续了6个月，50名不同的边境居民组成了小的跨境小组。主持人邀请他们用讲故事的方法来反思自己的日常生活。人们和他们的组织一直在协商安全性、管理社会关系和建立跨社区合作。在这些边境地区，经济、军事和地缘政治的界面被军事和政治边界所强化，个人及其社区在解决治理问题方面的作用尤为突出。这些研究结果挑战了当代有限国家治理干预的一些核心假设，这些假设认为国家建设应该从高层开始，集中于政府。各国政府和非政府组织应该对它们提出的和正在进行的政策和方案进行压力测试，询问它们在多大程度上加强了公民已经在进行的三个进程：安全谈判、社区关系组织和相互关联的问题解决网络。

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引用次数: 0

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