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The Causal Effects of a Trump Endorsement on Voter Preferences in a General Election Scenario 大选情况下特朗普的支持对选民偏好的因果效应
Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096524000064
Scott Blatte, Danielle Piccoli, Matthew Zachem
Former President Trump’s persistent influence over Republican politics divides those who argue that he mobilizes otherwise apathetic voters against those contending he mobilizes Democrats at down-ballot Republicans’ expense. Scholars and pundits alike question whether policy still matters in the face of increasingly strong personas like the former president’s. Using a survey experiment, we find suggestive evidence that Trump’s endorsement in a general election reduces the likelihood of voting for a hypothetical Republican candidate. We also test the effect of policy stances and find evidence that Republican respondents value policy stances over an endorsement, but Democrats show no signs of prioritizing one more than the other. However, when shown a hypothetical candidate with unorthodox policy stances, the mere mention of a Trump endorsement leads members of both parties to demonstrate significant changes in the likelihood of voting for that candidate. Ultimately, we show that elite signals can attenuate support derived from policies.
前总统特朗普对共和党政治的持续影响使一些人产生了分歧,他们认为特朗普动员了原本冷漠的选民,而另一些人则认为特朗普动员了民主党人,牺牲了下层共和党人的利益。学者和专家们都质疑,面对像前总统这样越来越强势的角色,政策是否仍然重要。通过一项调查实验,我们发现有暗示性证据表明,特朗普在大选中的支持会降低投票给假定的共和党候选人的可能性。我们还测试了政策立场的影响,发现有证据表明,共和党受访者更看重政策立场而非背书,但民主党受访者并没有表现出更看重政策立场的迹象。然而,当假定的候选人具有非正统的政策立场时,只要提到特朗普的支持,两党成员投票支持该候选人的可能性就会发生显著变化。最终,我们表明精英信号会削弱来自政策的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Academic Solidarity in the Wake of Disaster: Blueprint for an Online Writing Support Group 灾难后的学术团结:在线写作支持小组蓝图
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096524000015
Lisel Hintz
This article develops a blueprint for creating online writing groups (OWGs) to support scholars who are directly and indirectly affected by disaster. Those who are living in regions affected by natural disasters face a severe psychological toll along with physical and logistical challenges. Furthermore, scholars in the diaspora who are watching their colleagues go about daily life while they struggle to meet writing deadlines can also experience detrimental psychological effects, including isolation anxiety. Findings from disaster studies research suggest that communal coping strategies can mitigate the short- and long-term challenges to mental health, including spiraling concerns about productivity that, in turn, inhibit productivity. My research builds on these studies, as well as analyses of virtual platforms used during the COVID-19 pandemic, to identify specific aspects of OWGs that can provide community and structure for scholars in the wake of natural disasters. I draw from my experience of creating and hosting a Zoom writing group for scholars from Turkey and Syria in the aftermath of the February 2023 earthquakes. In addition to participant observation of more than 240 two-hour sessions held over 42 weeks between March and December 2023, I draw from a survey-based assessment and email correspondence with participants to develop a best-practices model that I hope other scholars will replicate.
本文为创建在线写作小组(OWG)制定了一个蓝图,以支持那些直接或间接受到灾害影响的学者。那些生活在受自然灾害影响地区的人们在面临物质和后勤挑战的同时,还面临着严重的心理创伤。此外,散居各地的学者眼睁睁地看着自己的同事忙于日常生活,而自己却在为赶在截止日期前完成写作而苦苦挣扎,也会产生有害的心理影响,包括孤独焦虑。灾难研究的结果表明,集体应对策略可以减轻心理健康所面临的短期和长期挑战,包括对工作效率的担忧,这种担忧会反过来抑制工作效率。我的研究以这些研究以及对 COVID-19 大流行期间使用的虚拟平台的分析为基础,确定了 OWG 的具体方面,这些方面可以在自然灾害发生后为学者提供社区和结构。我借鉴了自己在 2023 年 2 月地震后为来自土耳其和叙利亚的学者创建和主持 Zoom 写作小组的经验。除了对 2023 年 3 月至 12 月间 42 周内举行的 240 多场两小时会议的参与者观察之外,我还通过基于调查的评估以及与参与者的电子邮件通信,建立了一个最佳实践模式,希望其他学者能够效仿。
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引用次数: 0
The American Political Science Review During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间的美国政治科学评论
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001099
Michelle L. Dion, Dara Z. Strolovitch
On June 1, 2020, a little more than two months after the World Health Organization’s COVID-19 pandemic declaration, our editorial team assumed the leadership of the American Political Science Review (APSR). Although this confluence of events makes it difficult to isolate the pandemic’s effect on new submissions and review processes, this article describes submission and review patterns in the two and a half years before and after the onset of the pandemic and the editorial transition. It describes our preliminary observations regarding what the patterns suggest about the pandemic’s impact on the APSR.1
2020 年 6 月 1 日,在世界卫生组织宣布 COVID-19 大流行病两个多月后,我们的编辑团队接管了《美国政治学评论》(APSR)。尽管这一系列事件的叠加使得我们很难将大流行病对新投稿和审稿流程的影响隔离开来,但本文描述了在大流行病爆发和编辑交接前后两年半的投稿和审稿模式。文章介绍了我们的初步观察结果,即这些模式说明了大流行病对《亚太地区公共卫生报告》的影响1。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Submissions to Politics & Gender COVID-19 大流行对《政治与性别》杂志投稿的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001105
S. Franceschet, Emma Schroeder, C. Wolbrecht
In the summer of 2019, two of us began our term as co-editors of Politics & Gender. We were excited to manage the top journal in the study of women, gender, and politics; help to shape our field; and advance outstanding scholarship. Before our first year ended, the global COVID-19 pandemic disrupted normal routines for many professions, including within the academy. Access to offices, professional networks, and fieldwork was halted or severely limited. Both new and experienced teachers quickly transitioned to online teaching. Scholars became ill or cared for sick family members. Faculty with preschool or school-aged children spent many hours on childcare and homeschooling, leaving them with less time for research and writing. Not all impacts were necessarily negative: those without caretaking responsibilities enjoyed more flexibility and often had more time for research and writing as in-person events were canceled and lengthy commutes disappeared.
2019年夏天,我们中的两位开始担任《政治与性别》的联合编辑。我们很高兴能管理这份研究妇女、性别和政治的顶级期刊,帮助塑造我们的领域,并推动杰出的学术研究。第一年还未结束,全球 COVID-19 大流行就扰乱了包括学术界在内的许多行业的正常工作。办公室、专业网络和实地工作都被停止或受到严重限制。新教师和有经验的教师都迅速过渡到了在线教学。学者们生病或照顾生病的家人。有学龄前或学龄儿童的教师花了很多时间照顾孩子和家庭教育,从而减少了研究和写作的时间。并非所有的影响都是负面的:那些没有照顾孩子责任的教师享有更多的灵活性,他们往往有更多的时间进行研究和写作,因为面对面的活动被取消了,漫长的通勤时间也消失了。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Publication Patterns in Political Science 导言:大流行病和大流行病后的政治学出版模式
Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001051
Daniel Stockemer, Theresa Reidy
The COVID-19 pandemic triggered rapid transformations across the globe. Probably no other event in the past 50 years has changed the working environment more comprehensively. When the pandemic started in February and March of 2020, university campuses all over the globe shut down in less than a week. Most remained closed or had heavily restricted access for almost two years, depending on the country and the city. Overnight online teaching replaced in-person instruction; all professional and student interactions moved to Zoom, Teams, or Skype; academic conferences either did not take place or moved to an online format; and field research became almost impossible. In addition, contact restrictions, lockdowns, curfews, and homeschooling were unprecedented challenges for many people, especially members of the academic community who had small children (Del Boca et al. 2020). It is important to note that even in normal times women bear the greatest burden of childcare, social care for older people, and general household tasks. The COVID-19 pandemic quickly amplified these disparities (Ohlbrecht and Jellen 2021; Yerkes et al. 2022). Discussions emerged in many sectors, including academia, about specific ways that the pandemic was impacting professional lives, especially those of women. Given the acute pressure to publish in most higher-education institutions, it is important to evaluate the effect that the pandemic had on this central aspect of scholarly careers.
COVID-19 大流行引发了全球范围内的快速变革。在过去 50 年中,可能没有任何其他事件能比它更全面地改变工作环境。2020 年 2 月和 3 月大流行开始时,全球各地的大学校园在不到一周的时间内关闭。根据国家和城市的不同,大多数校园在近两年的时间里一直处于关闭或严格限制出入的状态。通宵在线教学取代了现场教学;所有专业人员和学生的互动都转移到了 Zoom、Teams 或 Skype 上;学术会议要么没有举行,要么转移到了在线形式;实地研究几乎变得不可能。此外,接触限制、封锁、宵禁和家庭教育对许多人来说都是前所未有的挑战,尤其是有小孩的学术界成员(Del Boca et al.)值得注意的是,即使在正常时期,妇女也承担着照顾孩子、社会照顾老年人和一般家务劳动的最大负担。COVID-19 大流行迅速扩大了这些差异(Ohlbrecht 和 Jellen,2021 年;Yerkes 等,2022 年)。包括学术界在内的许多部门都在讨论大流行病影响职业生活的具体方式,尤其是对女性职业生活的影响。鉴于大多数高等教育机构都面临着发表论文的巨大压力,因此有必要评估大流行病对学术生涯的这一核心方面所产生的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Staff Rides as Pedagogical Practice 员工骑行作为教学实践
Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001154
So Jin Lee, Andrew A. Szarejko
Political science instructors have started to make use of the “staff ride”—that is, the combined study of a military campaign, structured visits to related sites, and after-action analysis. Our study is the first examination of the potential utility of this pedagogical tool in civilian political science programs. Although the specific knowledge and skills that any given staff ride promotes depend on its content and structure, the potential benefits include four student learning outcomes: (1) staff rides show students how we might draw lessons from the past and apply them to present or future problems; (2) students may derive an enhanced ability to empathize with military and civilian decision makers; (3) staff rides can highlight the normative stakes in politics; and (4) they can foster connections among the participants. This article describes potential benefits of a staff ride, provides detailed instructional models based on the Battle of Gettysburg and the Tet Offensive, and considers ways to replicate these experiences in more accessible formats.
政治学教员已经开始利用 "参谋之旅"--即对军事战役的综合研究、对相关地点的有组织访问以及行动后分析。我们的研究首次考察了这一教学工具在民事政治学课程中的潜在效用。虽然任何特定的 "参谋之旅 "所促进的具体知识和技能取决于其内容和结构,但其潜在益处包括四种学生学习成果:(1)"参谋之旅 "向学生展示了我们如何从过去吸取教训并将其应用于当前或未来的问题;(2)学生可能会增强与军事和民事决策者产生共鸣的能力;(3)"参谋之旅 "可以突出政治中的规范性利害关系;以及(4)"参谋之旅 "可以促进参与者之间的联系。本文介绍了参谋乘车的潜在益处,提供了基于盖茨堡战役和泰特攻势的详细教学模式,并考虑了以更易于理解的形式复制这些经验的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Staff Rides as Pedagogical Practice 员工骑行作为教学实践
Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001154
So Jin Lee, Andrew A. Szarejko
Political science instructors have started to make use of the “staff ride”—that is, the combined study of a military campaign, structured visits to related sites, and after-action analysis. Our study is the first examination of the potential utility of this pedagogical tool in civilian political science programs. Although the specific knowledge and skills that any given staff ride promotes depend on its content and structure, the potential benefits include four student learning outcomes: (1) staff rides show students how we might draw lessons from the past and apply them to present or future problems; (2) students may derive an enhanced ability to empathize with military and civilian decision makers; (3) staff rides can highlight the normative stakes in politics; and (4) they can foster connections among the participants. This article describes potential benefits of a staff ride, provides detailed instructional models based on the Battle of Gettysburg and the Tet Offensive, and considers ways to replicate these experiences in more accessible formats.
政治学教员已经开始利用 "参谋之旅"--即对军事战役的综合研究、对相关地点的有组织访问以及行动后分析。我们的研究首次考察了这一教学工具在民事政治学课程中的潜在效用。虽然任何特定的 "参谋之旅 "所促进的具体知识和技能取决于其内容和结构,但其潜在益处包括四种学生学习成果:(1)"参谋之旅 "向学生展示了我们如何从过去吸取教训并将其应用于当前或未来的问题;(2)学生可能会增强与军事和民事决策者产生共鸣的能力;(3)"参谋之旅 "可以突出政治中的规范性利害关系;以及(4)"参谋之旅 "可以促进参与者之间的联系。本文介绍了参谋乘车的潜在益处,提供了基于盖茨堡战役和泰特攻势的详细教学模式,并考虑了以更易于理解的形式复制这些经验的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Politics and Religion’s Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间政治与宗教的复原力
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001087
Andrew R. Lewis, Sultan Tepe
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, scholars predicted that this transboundary crisis would cause enormous change and disruption, not only to global health but also to many areas of productivity, including academic life (Donina and Antonowicz 2022; Lewis 2021; Witze 2020). Although the impact has been widespread and devastating to public health, it has not triggered the dramatic changes to the academy that might have been predicted, particularly in the areas of scholarship.
在 COVID-19 大流行爆发之初,有学者预测这场跨界危机将带来巨大的变化和破坏,不仅会影响全球健康,还会影响许多领域的生产力,包括学术生活(Donina 和 Antonowicz,2022 年;Lewis,2021 年;Witze,2020 年)。尽管这场危机对公共卫生造成了广泛的破坏性影响,但它并没有像人们预料的那样引发学术界的巨大变化,尤其是在学术领域。
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引用次数: 0
The Pandemic and Political Behavior: Staying the Course 大流行病与政治行为:坚持到底
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523000884
Geoffrey C. Layman, Levi G. Allen, James R. G. Kirk, Wayde Z. C. Marsh, Benjamin Radcliff
Political Behavior is the official journal of the Elections, Public Opinion, and Voting Behavior organized section of the American Political Science Association. It publishes research on the political behavior of citizens, political activists, and political officeholders in the United States and around the world. From the perspective of its Journal Impact Factor, the journal’s reputation and impact have grown steadily in recent years. The first and last listed authors of this article served as co-editors-in-chief of Political Behavior from 2019 through 2022. The middle three listed authors served as editorial assistants during this same period.
政治行为》是美国政治科学协会选举、舆论和投票行为分会的官方期刊。它发表有关美国和世界各地公民、政治活动家和政治官员的政治行为的研究成果。从期刊影响因子来看,该期刊的声誉和影响力近年来稳步上升。本文第一位和最后一位作者在 2019 年至 2022 年期间担任《政治行为》的联合主编。中间三位作者在此期间担任编辑助理。
{"title":"The Pandemic and Political Behavior: Staying the Course","authors":"Geoffrey C. Layman, Levi G. Allen, James R. G. Kirk, Wayde Z. C. Marsh, Benjamin Radcliff","doi":"10.1017/s1049096523000884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1049096523000884","url":null,"abstract":"Political Behavior is the official journal of the Elections, Public Opinion, and Voting Behavior organized section of the American Political Science Association. It publishes research on the political behavior of citizens, political activists, and political officeholders in the United States and around the world. From the perspective of its Journal Impact Factor, the journal’s reputation and impact have grown steadily in recent years. The first and last listed authors of this article served as co-editors-in-chief of Political Behavior from 2019 through 2022. The middle three listed authors served as editorial assistants during this same period.","PeriodicalId":515403,"journal":{"name":"PS: Political Science & Politics","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role-Play Simulations for Decision Making in Contexts of Uncertainty: Challenges and Strategies When Engaging Elites as Participants 不确定性背景下的角色扮演模拟决策:让精英参与其中的挑战与策略
Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1017/s1049096523001166
Audrey Alejandro, Lucile Maertens, Zoé Cheli, Augustin Fragnière
This study explores the application of role-play simulations (RPS) in addressing complex challenges (e.g., the climate crisis) beyond traditional educational settings. Drawing from pilot simulations involving 12 scientific experts and 12 policy makers, the article identifies three key challenges in conducting RPS with elite participants and provides practical strategies for overcoming them. Namely, the article emphasizes the importance of adapting the scenarios to sociopolitical contexts, choosing an ethical recruiting method to ensure inclusivity, and managing group diversity while maintaining a balance between the playfulness and the seriousness of the simulation. Overall, our study underscores the potential of RPS to foster dialogue between scientific and political actors and provides practical guidance for their effective use.
本研究探讨了角色扮演模拟(RPS)在传统教育环境之外应对复杂挑战(如气候危机)中的应用。文章从 12 名科学专家和 12 名政策制定者参与的试点模拟中得出结论,指出了与精英参与者开展角色扮演模拟的三个主要挑战,并提供了克服这些挑战的实用策略。即,文章强调了根据社会政治背景调整情景的重要性,选择符合道德规范的招募方法以确保包容性,以及在保持模拟的游戏性和严肃性之间平衡的同时管理群体多样性。总之,我们的研究强调了 RPS 在促进科学和政治行为者之间对话方面的潜力,并为其有效使用提供了实际指导。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
PS: Political Science & Politics
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