Abstract:On May 10, 2013, eighteen hundred feet above the city streets of Manhattan, workers erected the crowning spire of One World Trade Center, marking the completion of the first of six towers that would replace the buildings destroyed on September 11, 2001. Atop that tower stood one of the latest generation of Haudenosaunee ironworkers to follow in the footsteps of Indigenous families who, for the last 140 years, have helped create some of North America's most iconic landmarks. Beginning in the 1880s, ironworking quickly became a principal source of employment for Haudenosaunee men who traveled to jobs throughout Canada and the northeastern United States. By the 1920s, Haudenosaunee families from Ahkwesáhsne and Kahnawà:ke began relocating to Brooklyn, where they opened a string of boardinghouses and established a new community: "Little Caughnawaga." Together, ironworking and "Little Caughnawaga" became a nexus between Kanien'kehá:ka family life, nationhood, and self-determination. This is particularly significant when we consider that Indigenous peoples were conceptually and physically removed from urban spaces that were reframed as "modern" and juxtaposed to perceptions of "Indian authenticity." Yet Kanien'kehá:ka citizens were at the center of building these sites of "modernity," an undertaking that influenced their own rearticulations of Kanien'kehá:ka nationhood.
{"title":"Indigenous Brooklyn: Ironworking, Little Caughnawaga, and Kanien'kehá:ka Nationhood in the Twentieth Century","authors":"Allan Downey","doi":"10.1353/aq.2023.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2023.0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:On May 10, 2013, eighteen hundred feet above the city streets of Manhattan, workers erected the crowning spire of One World Trade Center, marking the completion of the first of six towers that would replace the buildings destroyed on September 11, 2001. Atop that tower stood one of the latest generation of Haudenosaunee ironworkers to follow in the footsteps of Indigenous families who, for the last 140 years, have helped create some of North America's most iconic landmarks. Beginning in the 1880s, ironworking quickly became a principal source of employment for Haudenosaunee men who traveled to jobs throughout Canada and the northeastern United States. By the 1920s, Haudenosaunee families from Ahkwesáhsne and Kahnawà:ke began relocating to Brooklyn, where they opened a string of boardinghouses and established a new community: \"Little Caughnawaga.\" Together, ironworking and \"Little Caughnawaga\" became a nexus between Kanien'kehá:ka family life, nationhood, and self-determination. This is particularly significant when we consider that Indigenous peoples were conceptually and physically removed from urban spaces that were reframed as \"modern\" and juxtaposed to perceptions of \"Indian authenticity.\" Yet Kanien'kehá:ka citizens were at the center of building these sites of \"modernity,\" an undertaking that influenced their own rearticulations of Kanien'kehá:ka nationhood.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"75 1","pages":"27 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43088463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay traces the transformation and standardization of the first cohort of Asian physicians trained outside the United States into Foreign Medical Graduates (FMGs) within the United States through documentary regimes. Congress solicited foreign physicians under the Hart-Celler Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 to address doctor shortages in inner-city and rural communities throughout the country—a trend that continues today. Central to their migratory journey was an archive of expertise, a compilation of documents intended to verify identity, skill, and competence. Through the analysis of a physician's case file, new relations to documentation emerge that reveal how claims of underdocumentation, incorrect documentation, and overdocumentation regulate immigrant possibilities. In adopting this approach, this case study moves away from the unskilled / model minority dichotomy to show how documentary proceduralism operates as a racializing, disciplinary strategy across categories of immigrant labor.
摘要:本文通过文献制度追溯了第一批在美国境外接受培训的亚洲医生成为美国境内的外国医学毕业生(fmg)的转变和标准化。国会根据1965年的《哈特-塞勒移民和国籍法》(Hart-Celler Immigration and Nationality Act)征求外国医生来解决全国城市和农村社区的医生短缺问题——这一趋势至今仍在继续。他们迁徙旅程的核心是一个专门知识档案，一个旨在验证身份、技能和能力的文件汇编。通过对一名医生的病例档案的分析，揭示了文件不足、文件错误和文件过多的索赔如何调节移民的可能性，从而揭示了与文件之间的新关系。在采用这种方法时，本案例研究摆脱了非熟练/模范少数民族的二分法，以展示纪录片程序主义如何作为跨移民劳工类别的种族化，纪律化策略运作。
{"title":"Documenting Difference: Standardizing Foreign Physicians","authors":"Eram Alam","doi":"10.1353/aq.2023.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2023.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay traces the transformation and standardization of the first cohort of Asian physicians trained outside the United States into Foreign Medical Graduates (FMGs) within the United States through documentary regimes. Congress solicited foreign physicians under the Hart-Celler Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 to address doctor shortages in inner-city and rural communities throughout the country—a trend that continues today. Central to their migratory journey was an archive of expertise, a compilation of documents intended to verify identity, skill, and competence. Through the analysis of a physician's case file, new relations to documentation emerge that reveal how claims of underdocumentation, incorrect documentation, and overdocumentation regulate immigrant possibilities. In adopting this approach, this case study moves away from the unskilled / model minority dichotomy to show how documentary proceduralism operates as a racializing, disciplinary strategy across categories of immigrant labor.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"75 1","pages":"129 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46951625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:This essay examines global networks and alliances in Martin Robison Delany's serialized novel, Blake (1859–60, 1861–62). I read Delany's writing on Cuban annexationism and the poet Plácido in relation to the voluminous writing about the latter that was circulating in the US and South American periodical press after the poet's public execution in 1844. I contend that Delany's novel performs what I call an "affective translation" of Plácido's poetry, an oblique translation that models itself on what Delany called "harmony in sentiment," which reproduces his anti-annexationist stance and sense of anticolonial fraternity. My essay sees the work of citation, literary interpretation, and translation as key factors in the novel's vision of hemispheric emancipation, topics I discuss in relation to the work of Delany's immediate contemporaries, including James McCune Smith, who was writing for some of the same newspapers and publications to which Delany contributed.
{"title":"Reading across the Water: Plácido and Translation in Blake; or, The Huts of America","authors":"Daniella Cádiz Bedini","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay examines global networks and alliances in Martin Robison Delany's serialized novel, Blake (1859–60, 1861–62). I read Delany's writing on Cuban annexationism and the poet Plácido in relation to the voluminous writing about the latter that was circulating in the US and South American periodical press after the poet's public execution in 1844. I contend that Delany's novel performs what I call an \"affective translation\" of Plácido's poetry, an oblique translation that models itself on what Delany called \"harmony in sentiment,\" which reproduces his anti-annexationist stance and sense of anticolonial fraternity. My essay sees the work of citation, literary interpretation, and translation as key factors in the novel's vision of hemispheric emancipation, topics I discuss in relation to the work of Delany's immediate contemporaries, including James McCune Smith, who was writing for some of the same newspapers and publications to which Delany contributed.","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"871 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49638720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asian-Indigenous Relations across Hemispheres, Oceans, and Islands","authors":"Evyn Lê Espiritu Gandhi","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"1067 - 1077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48986126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A s one of her bibliographers (of both her published and unpublished work), what I find most striking in Elizabeth Betita Martínez is the breadth of seemingly limitless subjects she took up in her activism and resulting works. For over fifty-five years, Martínez produced an expansive body of writing that included seven books, over 560 articles, and countless reviews. Additionally, she contributed to an equally vast trove of collectively authored, unattributed, and unsigned opinion pieces, critical treatises, collaborative essays, and speeches, as well as countless personal, private letters of support, encouragement, guidance, and meticulous editorial critiques (both solicited and unsolicited)—all gifted with joy, hope, and love—to generations of activists, scholars, community members, and young people. This essay looks closely at how Martínez wove an internationalist feminist vision into her activism and writings after years of multiracial organizing. I claim that throughout her long career as an agent of history, as an organic intellectual and as a movement historian, documenting the intersectionality of the struggles of marginalized peoples all over the world, she engaged in intergenerational knowledge transmission through an internationalist feminist lens. When
{"title":"Mapping International Feminism: The Works of Elizabeth (Betita) Martínez","authors":"Claudia M. Huiza","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0070","url":null,"abstract":"A s one of her bibliographers (of both her published and unpublished work), what I find most striking in Elizabeth Betita Martínez is the breadth of seemingly limitless subjects she took up in her activism and resulting works. For over fifty-five years, Martínez produced an expansive body of writing that included seven books, over 560 articles, and countless reviews. Additionally, she contributed to an equally vast trove of collectively authored, unattributed, and unsigned opinion pieces, critical treatises, collaborative essays, and speeches, as well as countless personal, private letters of support, encouragement, guidance, and meticulous editorial critiques (both solicited and unsolicited)—all gifted with joy, hope, and love—to generations of activists, scholars, community members, and young people. This essay looks closely at how Martínez wove an internationalist feminist vision into her activism and writings after years of multiracial organizing. I claim that throughout her long career as an agent of history, as an organic intellectual and as a movement historian, documenting the intersectionality of the struggles of marginalized peoples all over the world, she engaged in intergenerational knowledge transmission through an internationalist feminist lens. When","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"1041 - 1050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42142376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"#Betita TaughtMe: Risk-Taking as a Coalitional Gesture","authors":"R. R. Solórzano","doi":"10.1353/aq.2022.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51543,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN QUARTERLY","volume":"74 1","pages":"1031 - 1040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47920167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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