Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2028134
Asmita Kabra, Budhaditya Das
ABSTRACT Dispossession of rural populations to create inviolate Protected Areas for biodiversity conservation is a shared concern in BRICS countries. This article explores the distinctive ideology, institutions, and actors that constitute the regime of dispossession for conservation (DfC) in India’s tiger reserves. It investigates the reasons for the regime’s continued stability and resilience in the neoliberal era, when land-taking for industrial development has become highly contentious. India’s conservationist state has effectively denied resource rights to the inhabitants of Tiger Reserves and displaced them through its Voluntary Relocation Scheme, which is posited as a win-win solution for tigers and tribals. The historically unequal relationship between the state and forest dwellers necessitates closely examining hegemonic processes through which volition for relocation is assembled. This article argues that the Dispossession for Conservation regime assembles volition through a complex interplay of its hegemony and authority with the unfulfilled development aspirations of India’s forest dwellers.
{"title":"Aye for the tiger: hegemony, authority, and volition in India’s regime of dispossession for conservation","authors":"Asmita Kabra, Budhaditya Das","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2028134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2028134","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dispossession of rural populations to create inviolate Protected Areas for biodiversity conservation is a shared concern in BRICS countries. This article explores the distinctive ideology, institutions, and actors that constitute the regime of dispossession for conservation (DfC) in India’s tiger reserves. It investigates the reasons for the regime’s continued stability and resilience in the neoliberal era, when land-taking for industrial development has become highly contentious. India’s conservationist state has effectively denied resource rights to the inhabitants of Tiger Reserves and displaced them through its Voluntary Relocation Scheme, which is posited as a win-win solution for tigers and tribals. The historically unequal relationship between the state and forest dwellers necessitates closely examining hegemonic processes through which volition for relocation is assembled. This article argues that the Dispossession for Conservation regime assembles volition through a complex interplay of its hegemony and authority with the unfulfilled development aspirations of India’s forest dwellers.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"44 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47293266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2025770
Yimin Zhao
ABSTRACT The micropolitics involved in urbanising land is yet to be well illustrated in urban and development studies. With the case of Dahongmen in Beijing, this paper explores the governing techniques for dealing with land transformation to uncover the nature and conduct of the state in weaving together land and urban questions. Recognising the power of discourses in enacting actions, this paper focuses on two performative moments of the state in reassembling land for the urban process, corresponding to social (re)ordering and economic mechanisms respectively. Both moments are critical since new ideas, concepts, and calculative rationales are invented to reassemble land into the intermediator of the urban process, whereby the state renews its identity and authority. The state, seen from the perspective of performativity, is more like a process (with structural effects) where certain utterances are made and repeated to incorporate multiple actors in land assemblages for the urban political economy.
{"title":"The performativity of the state in China’s land transformation: a case study of Dahongmen, Beijing","authors":"Yimin Zhao","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2025770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2025770","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The micropolitics involved in urbanising land is yet to be well illustrated in urban and development studies. With the case of Dahongmen in Beijing, this paper explores the governing techniques for dealing with land transformation to uncover the nature and conduct of the state in weaving together land and urban questions. Recognising the power of discourses in enacting actions, this paper focuses on two performative moments of the state in reassembling land for the urban process, corresponding to social (re)ordering and economic mechanisms respectively. Both moments are critical since new ideas, concepts, and calculative rationales are invented to reassemble land into the intermediator of the urban process, whereby the state renews its identity and authority. The state, seen from the perspective of performativity, is more like a process (with structural effects) where certain utterances are made and repeated to incorporate multiple actors in land assemblages for the urban political economy.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"62 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44911204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2022.2033191
Mihika Chatterjee, Ikuno Naka
These answers show that soy production on Kaingang lands is also of mediation with non-indigenous society that surrounds them, and can be understood as cancelling a radical otherness - the land as mother instead of factory of production - which is not taken seriously in the worlds informed by modern ontologies. Therefore, soy among the Kaingangs is a matter of partial connections, of devices that allow them to exist side by side with non-indigenous peoples . . . (p. 35, this issue)
{"title":"Twenty years of BRICS: political and economic transformations through the lens of land","authors":"Mihika Chatterjee, Ikuno Naka","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2022.2033191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2022.2033191","url":null,"abstract":"These answers show that soy production on Kaingang lands is also of mediation with non-indigenous society that surrounds them, and can be understood as cancelling a radical otherness - the land as mother instead of factory of production - which is not taken seriously in the worlds informed by modern ontologies. Therefore, soy among the Kaingangs is a matter of partial connections, of devices that allow them to exist side by side with non-indigenous peoples . . . (p. 35, this issue)","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"2 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46914441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Intrahousehold models assume that plots farmed by women are as productive as plots farmed by men within the same household. Using a large plot-level dataset on rice farming households in India, we find evidence of significant Pareto inefficiency: women’s plots produce lower yields compared to their spouse’s plots, conditional on crop, plot and other attributes. The inefficiency is larger in the left tail of the rice yield distribution and primarily attributed to child-care burdens and social-norms faced by women.
{"title":"Pareto efficiency in intrahousehold allocations: evidence from rice farming households in India","authors":"Monica Shandal, Sandeep Mohapatra, Prakashan Chellattan Veettil","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2020741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2020741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Intrahousehold models assume that plots farmed by women are as productive as plots farmed by men within the same household. Using a large plot-level dataset on rice farming households in India, we find evidence of significant Pareto inefficiency: women’s plots produce lower yields compared to their spouse’s plots, conditional on crop, plot and other attributes. The inefficiency is larger in the left tail of the rice yield distribution and primarily attributed to child-care burdens and social-norms faced by women.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"158 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47834918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-05DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.2008892
M. Smale, V. Thériault
ABSTRACT We examine the effects of fertilizer subsidies in Mali on the non-staple crop cowpea, often described as a women’s legume crop. We utilize a 2017/2018 dataset including both men and women plot managers in 2400 households. We find that women manage cowpea plots, as a primary and a secondary crop, less frequently relative to men. Yet, women also labor on male-managed fields where cowpea is grown as an intercrop. Results from the control function approach indicate that subsidized fertilizer received by the farming household reduces areas, and area shares, planted with cowpea as an intercrop. Subsidized fertilizer received by the household is negatively associated with the women’s cowpea harvests and revenues, with the opposite effect on men’s revenues. Findings raise questions regarding the subsidy program design, and its gender-differentiated effects, on production of underutilized crops with potential agronomic and nutritional benefits, such as cowpea.
{"title":"Input subsidy effects on crops grown by smallholder farm women: The example of cowpea in Mali","authors":"M. Smale, V. Thériault","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2008892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2008892","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We examine the effects of fertilizer subsidies in Mali on the non-staple crop cowpea, often described as a women’s legume crop. We utilize a 2017/2018 dataset including both men and women plot managers in 2400 households. We find that women manage cowpea plots, as a primary and a secondary crop, less frequently relative to men. Yet, women also labor on male-managed fields where cowpea is grown as an intercrop. Results from the control function approach indicate that subsidized fertilizer received by the farming household reduces areas, and area shares, planted with cowpea as an intercrop. Subsidized fertilizer received by the household is negatively associated with the women’s cowpea harvests and revenues, with the opposite effect on men’s revenues. Findings raise questions regarding the subsidy program design, and its gender-differentiated effects, on production of underutilized crops with potential agronomic and nutritional benefits, such as cowpea.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"244 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43365194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-05DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.2008891
A. Bárcena, G. Porcile
ABSTRACT International cooperation, especially on a multilateral basis, has lost ground in recent years. This process has been accompanied by the erosion of core democratic values in many developing and developed countries. Taking Rodrik’s trilemma in international political economy as a point of departure, we analyze the relationship between international regime, international cooperation and democracy using a center-periphery structuralist model, which acknowledges the existence of asymmetries in technological and productive capabilities across countries. We discuss the outcomes of the structuralist model in terms of growth and income distribution under different international regimes, namely the Bretton Woods regime and the hyperglobalization regime. We argue that hyperglobalization gives rise to a recessive bias that compromises income distribution and the stability of the international system. In addition, hyperglobalization has a negative effect on democracy stemming from the reproduction of inequality and specialization in sectors intensive in natural resources or unskilled labor. We present some empirical evidence supporting these results based on the Asian and Latin American experiences in growth and structural change, and on the positive association between democracy and more complex economic structures.
{"title":"Globalization, international asymmetries and democracy: a structuralist perspective","authors":"A. Bárcena, G. Porcile","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2008891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2008891","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT International cooperation, especially on a multilateral basis, has lost ground in recent years. This process has been accompanied by the erosion of core democratic values in many developing and developed countries. Taking Rodrik’s trilemma in international political economy as a point of departure, we analyze the relationship between international regime, international cooperation and democracy using a center-periphery structuralist model, which acknowledges the existence of asymmetries in technological and productive capabilities across countries. We discuss the outcomes of the structuralist model in terms of growth and income distribution under different international regimes, namely the Bretton Woods regime and the hyperglobalization regime. We argue that hyperglobalization gives rise to a recessive bias that compromises income distribution and the stability of the international system. In addition, hyperglobalization has a negative effect on democracy stemming from the reproduction of inequality and specialization in sectors intensive in natural resources or unskilled labor. We present some empirical evidence supporting these results based on the Asian and Latin American experiences in growth and structural change, and on the positive association between democracy and more complex economic structures.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"272 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49348801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-22DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.2004393
R. Maconachie, N. Howard, R. Bock
ABSTRACT The UN calls for the elimination of child labour by 2030, and its ‘worst forms’ by 2025. Implicit in this mandate is the assumption that children’s work is harmful, yet no coherent theory of harm exists within the child labour field. Moreover, evidence suggests that simply removing children from supposedly harmful work is often damaging. This paper explores how harm may be understood and identified in the context of children’s work. It reviews and synthesises literature from multiple disciplines, pointing towards a more situated and nuanced approach to harm that incorporates both ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ dimensions.
{"title":"Re-thinking ‘harm’ in relation to children’s work: a ‘situated,’ multi-disciplinary perspective","authors":"R. Maconachie, N. Howard, R. Bock","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2004393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2004393","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The UN calls for the elimination of child labour by 2030, and its ‘worst forms’ by 2025. Implicit in this mandate is the assumption that children’s work is harmful, yet no coherent theory of harm exists within the child labour field. Moreover, evidence suggests that simply removing children from supposedly harmful work is often damaging. This paper explores how harm may be understood and identified in the context of children’s work. It reviews and synthesises literature from multiple disciplines, pointing towards a more situated and nuanced approach to harm that incorporates both ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ dimensions.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"259 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43476128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-22DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.1998409
J. Siwale, C. Godfroid
ABSTRACT Digitising how financial services are accessed in the microfinance industry is considered a magical pathway to increasing financial inclusion. This paper argues that beyond the numerous advantages digitisation is supposed to bring, it may also hinder financial inclusion if it completely replaces the loan officer-client relationship that has been a hallmark of microfinance. Based on questionnaires and on 21 semi-structured interviews with managers and loan officers of four microfinance institutions in Zambia, our research highlights the trade-offs that need to be considered when digitising the lending process. The study argues for a blended approach between digital technologies and flexibility through human touch if microfinance institutions are to retain the competitive advantage, as well as enhance the production and quality of soft information for financial inclusion in less mature markets.
{"title":"Digitising microfinance: on the route to losing the traditional ‘human face’ of microfinance institutions","authors":"J. Siwale, C. Godfroid","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.1998409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.1998409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Digitising how financial services are accessed in the microfinance industry is considered a magical pathway to increasing financial inclusion. This paper argues that beyond the numerous advantages digitisation is supposed to bring, it may also hinder financial inclusion if it completely replaces the loan officer-client relationship that has been a hallmark of microfinance. Based on questionnaires and on 21 semi-structured interviews with managers and loan officers of four microfinance institutions in Zambia, our research highlights the trade-offs that need to be considered when digitising the lending process. The study argues for a blended approach between digital technologies and flexibility through human touch if microfinance institutions are to retain the competitive advantage, as well as enhance the production and quality of soft information for financial inclusion in less mature markets.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"177 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42302445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-22DOI: 10.1080/13600818.2021.2004392
Wahid Abdallah, S. Chowdhury, Kazi Iqbal
ABSTRACT The redistributive objective of public services critically hinges on the extent to which the poor can avail themselves of such services. We investigate two factors that can compromise redistribution: unequal access and illegal fees. Using a nationally representative survey (a data source less prone to reporting bias), we find that poor patients in Bangladesh are 8–10% less likely to consult public health care services than non-poor patients. Moreover, a large number of patients visiting public health facilities pay ‘consultation fees’ which are higher than the official rates, indicative of underlying corruption. Taken together, we find that the poor not only visit public health care facilities less frequently, they also pay a larger share of their non-food expenditure as bribes when they do access these facilities. Our results offer important insights into how the redistributive goal of public health care services can be hampered by misgovernance and corruption.
{"title":"Access and fees in public health care services for the poor: Bangladesh as a case study","authors":"Wahid Abdallah, S. Chowdhury, Kazi Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/13600818.2021.2004392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.2004392","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The redistributive objective of public services critically hinges on the extent to which the poor can avail themselves of such services. We investigate two factors that can compromise redistribution: unequal access and illegal fees. Using a nationally representative survey (a data source less prone to reporting bias), we find that poor patients in Bangladesh are 8–10% less likely to consult public health care services than non-poor patients. Moreover, a large number of patients visiting public health facilities pay ‘consultation fees’ which are higher than the official rates, indicative of underlying corruption. Taken together, we find that the poor not only visit public health care facilities less frequently, they also pay a larger share of their non-food expenditure as bribes when they do access these facilities. Our results offer important insights into how the redistributive goal of public health care services can be hampered by misgovernance and corruption.","PeriodicalId":51612,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Development Studies","volume":"50 1","pages":"209 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42269580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：