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The ancient roots of humor theory 幽默理论的古老根源
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-05-25 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0007
Lisa G. Perks
Many modern humor scholars have oversimplified their summaries of Plato, Aristotle, Cicero and Quintilian's views on humor, focusing on the philosophers' cautionary warnings about the rhetorical efficacy and ethics of humor Although the philosophers did write much on the offensive nature of jests, which can be considered illustrative of superiority theory, I describe elements of the incongruity and relief theories of humor motivation in their work. There is evidence to suggest that all four philosophers found humor to be a fitting and effective response to certain exigencies. It is more accurate to summarize their views thus: Humor has the potential to be a powerful tool of persuasion, but like any potent weapon (discursive or non-discursive) it should be used with
许多现代幽默学者过分简化了他们对柏拉图、亚里士多德、西塞罗和昆提连的幽默观点的总结,把重点放在哲学家们对幽默的修辞效果和伦理的警告上。尽管哲学家们确实写了很多关于笑话的攻击性的文章,这可以被认为是优越性理论的说明,但我在他们的作品中描述了幽默动机的不协调和缓解理论的元素。有证据表明,这四位哲学家都认为幽默是对某些紧急情况的恰当而有效的回应。更准确的概括是:幽默有可能成为一种强有力的说服工具,但就像任何强有力的武器(话语或非话语)一样,它应该与之配合使用
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引用次数: 52
The influence of empathizing and systemizing on humor processing: Theory of Mind and humor 共情和系统化对幽默加工的影响:心理理论与幽默
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0005
Andrea C. Samson
This paper investigates the influence of empathizing and systemizing on cognitive and affective humor processing in two studies. Three cartoon types differing in their logical mechanisms (LMs) and cognitive requirements were presented to participants with high scores on one scale and low scores on the other (empathizers and systemizers): visual puns, semantic cartoons and Theory of Mind cartoons. Empathizers and systemizers were expected to process these cartoon types differently. While empathizers and systemizers did not differ in recognition time and comprehensibility in study one (N = 33), empathizers did portray higher funniness scores in study two (N = 55). Furthermore, empathizers more often gave emotional/motivational explanations as well as more mentalistic explanations as to why they think a cartoon is funny. In addition, Theory of Mind cartoons provoked the highest number of mentalistic explanations. This shows that stimulus characteristics (such as LMs) as well as inter-individual differences influence whether mentalizing is required and applied to processing humor, and that empathizing and systemizing influence humor appreciation.
本文通过两项研究探讨了移情和系统化对认知和情感幽默加工的影响。在逻辑机制(LMs)和认知要求上不同的三种卡通类型呈现给在一个量表上得分高而在另一个量表上得分低的参与者(共情者和系统化者):视觉双关语、语义卡通和心理理论卡通。共情者和系统化者对这些卡通类型的处理方式不同。在研究一(N = 33)中,共情者和系统化者在识别时间和可理解性上没有差异,但在研究二(N = 55)中,共情者确实表现出更高的滑稽得分。此外,移情者更经常给出情感/动机的解释,以及更多的心理解释,为什么他们认为漫画很有趣。此外,《心理理论》动画片引发了最多的心理主义解释。这表明刺激特征(如LMs)和个体间差异影响幽默加工是否需要和应用心理化,移情和系统化影响幽默欣赏。
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引用次数: 31
Laughter on the 2008 campaign trail: How presidential candidates used humor during primary debates 1 2008年竞选中的笑声:总统候选人如何在初选辩论中运用幽默
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-28 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0013
P. Stewart
Humor has long been an important tool for presidential candidates on the campaign trail by humanizing them while endearing them to their constituents. While this humor may reduce the chasm between candidate and voter while establishing the candidates’ personal qualities and enhancing prestige, it can also be used as a tool to attack and denigrate opponents both within and outside the candidate’s political party. The laughter that occurs can also serve to signal support for the candidate and increase group cohesion. This paper analyzes the use of humor by Republican and Democratic Presidential candidates during primary debates of the 2008 electoral season. Data from each political party’s first three debates (Democrats: April 26, June 3, June 28; Republicans: May 3, May 15, June 5) as well as data from two additional debates which focused on both parties’ front-running candidates ( New Hampshire [January 5] and Super Tuesday [January 30, 31]) were collected using audience laughter as indicator of a “successful” humorous comment. Hypotheses concerning differences between the two parties and the status of the candidates as frontrunners or second-tier are tested by considering the target of the humorous comment and the nature of the laughter elicited in terms of the source, as well as the length and strength of the audience response.
长期以来,幽默一直是总统候选人在竞选过程中的一个重要工具,既能使他们人性化,又能让他们受到选民的喜爱。虽然这种幽默可以减少候选人和选民之间的鸿沟,同时建立候选人的个人素质和提高声望,但它也可以被用作攻击和诋毁候选人政党内外对手的工具。笑声也可以表示对候选人的支持,增加团队的凝聚力。本文分析了共和党和民主党总统候选人在2008年选举季的初选辩论中对幽默的使用。各政党前三场辩论的数据(民主党:4月26日、6月3日、6月28日;共和党:5月3日,5月15日,6月5日),以及另外两场针对两党领先候选人的辩论(1月5日的新罕布什尔辩论和1月30日、31日的超级星期二辩论)的数据,都是用观众的笑声作为“成功”幽默评论的指标来收集的。通过考虑幽默评论的对象和笑声的来源以及观众反应的长度和强度,来检验关于两党差异和候选人是领先者还是第二梯队的假设。
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引用次数: 9
Towards a better understanding of racist and ethnic humor 为了更好地理解种族主义和民族幽默
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-25 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0009
Michael K. Cundall
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引用次数: 21
The self-promoting playful pen in graphic and literary rhino-caricatures 在漫画和文学作品中自我推销的俏皮笔
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-25 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0010
I. Daemmrich
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引用次数: 0
Humor support in synchronous computer-mediated classroom discussions 同步电脑课堂讨论中的幽默支持
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-14 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0022
Ilona Vandergriff, Carolin Fuchs
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引用次数: 19
Social and paralinguistic cues to sarcasm 讽刺的社会和副语言线索
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0001
Gina M. Caucci, R. Kreuz
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引用次数: 57
Effect of humor on state anxiety and math performance 幽默对状态焦虑和数学成绩的影响
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0004
Thomas E. Ford, Brian Ford, Christie F. Boxer, Jacob Armstrong
An experiment tested the hypothesis that exposure to humorous material prior to taking a difficult math test can inhibit the amount of anxiety associated with the test, and thus enhance performance. In keeping with our hypothesis, participants performed better on a math test after first being exposed to funny cartoons versus non-humorous poems or nothing at all. Mediation analyses suggest that state anxiety mediated the relationship between exposure to humorous cartoons and math performance. Participants who were first exposed to cartoons performed better on the math test because they felt less anxiety while taking the test.
一项实验验证了这样一个假设,即在参加一场困难的数学考试之前,先看幽默材料可以抑制与考试相关的焦虑程度,从而提高成绩。与我们的假设一致,参与者在第一次接触有趣的漫画后,在数学测试中表现得更好,而不是非幽默的诗歌或什么都没有。中介分析表明,状态焦虑介导了幽默漫画与数学成绩之间的关系。第一次接触卡通的参与者在数学测试中表现更好,因为他们在测试时感到的焦虑较少。
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引用次数: 43
Mediation and moderation in ratings of hostile jokes by men and women 男性和女性对恶意笑话评分的调解和节制
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1515/HUMOR-2012-0003
M. H. Abel, Jason Flick
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引用次数: 15
Contents HUMOR Volume 17 (2004) 2004年《幽默》第17卷
IF 1.3 3区 心理学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2004-09-23 DOI: 10.1515/HUMR.2004.17.4.451
N. Null
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Humor-International Journal of Humor Research
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