Background: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has significantly increased the number of cases of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current vaccines. The aim of this study was to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 infection risks after primary vaccination with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, or ChAdOx1-nCOV-19 and after homologues and heterologous booster vaccinations with these vaccines, as well as the profiles of reinfected patients.
Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 1082 patients vaccinated or unvaccinated with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, and/or ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccines to determine their SARS-CoV2 infection statuses using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in addition to their clinical features. The infection risks of patients receiving the different vaccine regimens were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis, comparing the adjusted OR of a positive COVID-19 test result.
Results: Among 596 vaccinated patients, 53%(n = 286) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 57%(n = 310) tested negative. Among positive cases, 10 were reinfection cases. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received two doses (95% CI = 1.3-1.8; p < 0.01).The risk was 2.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received three doses (95%CI = 2.1-3.3; p < 0.01), and 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received two doses compared with those who received three doses (95% CI = 1.3-2; p < 0.01). The patients who received two doses that were heterologous to that of the primary vaccine had the lowest risk of infection. Booster vaccinations (third dose) significantly reduced the number of positive cases with an acceptable safety profile. Higher cycle-threshold (Ct) values (indicative of viral load) were observed in vaccinated patients, whereas low Ct values were observed in unvaccinated patients.
Conclusion: A complete cycle of vaccination with homologous vaccines or heterologous vaccines resulted in an acceptable reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, vaccination was associated with a reduction in viral load.
{"title":"Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 infection risks after primary vaccination with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, or ChAdOx1-nCOV-19 and after homologous and heterologous booster vaccinations with these vaccines and evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection profiles.","authors":"Soulandi Djorwé, Amale Bousfiha, Néhémie Nzoyikorera, Joseph Nyandwi, Bellamine Kawthar, Abderrahim Malki","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1412","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has significantly increased the number of cases of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals, raising concerns about the effectiveness of current vaccines. The aim of this study was to analyze the SARS-CoV-2 infection risks after primary vaccination with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, or ChAdOx1-nCOV-19 and after homologues and heterologous booster vaccinations with these vaccines, as well as the profiles of reinfected patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed retrospectively 1082 patients vaccinated or unvaccinated with BNT162b2, BBIBP-CorV, and/or ChAdOx1nCoV-19 vaccines to determine their SARS-CoV2 infection statuses using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in addition to their clinical features. The infection risks of patients receiving the different vaccine regimens were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis, comparing the adjusted OR of a positive COVID-19 test result.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 596 vaccinated patients, 53%(n = 286) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and 57%(n = 310) tested negative. Among positive cases, 10 were reinfection cases. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received two doses (95% CI = 1.3-1.8; p < 0.01).The risk was 2.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received one dose compared with those who received three doses (95%CI = 2.1-3.3; p < 0.01), and 1.6 (adj. OR) for patients who received two doses compared with those who received three doses (95% CI = 1.3-2; p < 0.01). The patients who received two doses that were heterologous to that of the primary vaccine had the lowest risk of infection. Booster vaccinations (third dose) significantly reduced the number of positive cases with an acceptable safety profile. Higher cycle-threshold (Ct) values (indicative of viral load) were observed in vaccinated patients, whereas low Ct values were observed in unvaccinated patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A complete cycle of vaccination with homologous vaccines or heterologous vaccines resulted in an acceptable reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further, vaccination was associated with a reduction in viral load.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42842016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1414
Shao M Huang, Long-Bin Jeng, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Hung-Yao Chen
Background: Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising method for advanced HCC treatment. There are several clinical trials and meta-analyses of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune cell therapy, but clinical evidence on the combination of these two therapies is lacking.
Case description: A 66-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis complained of acute abdominal pain in an emergency department of a hospital. On exams, there was a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed a large tumor in the right lobe, 13 cm × 17 cm in size, and right portal vein thrombosis. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 30,905 mg/dL. Therefore this patient was diagnosed with BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). He underwent trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), abdominal radiotherapy, nivolumab, and lenvatinib. His disease had been under control until two years later, the disease progressed with multiple lung metastases, and his AFP level rose from around 1000 to 17,000 ng/ml. At this stage, he underwent new combination immunotherapy in January 2022. He used pembrolizumab (100 mg) first, and the AFP level decreased by 600 ng/ml daily. Then he received DC-CIK cell therapy two weeks after using pembrolizumab, and the AFP level declined to 900 ng/ml a day. Unfortunately, severe pneumonitis and tension pneumothorax developed after therapy. The patient denied undergoing further treatment and expired peacefully.
Conclusion: The previous in-vivo study found that combination immunotherapy can improve tumor control in the mice model. Besides, in previous clinical studies, the level of AFP may be a surrogate marker of tumor response. Therefore we thought the more rapidly declined level of AFP was the clinical evidence of the synergistic effect of checkpoint inhibitors combined with cell therapy in HCC treatment.
{"title":"Combination treatment of pembrolizumab with DC-CIK cell therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report.","authors":"Shao M Huang, Long-Bin Jeng, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Hung-Yao Chen","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1414","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising method for advanced HCC treatment. There are several clinical trials and meta-analyses of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune cell therapy, but clinical evidence on the combination of these two therapies is lacking.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 66-year-old man with chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis complained of acute abdominal pain in an emergency department of a hospital. On exams, there was a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed a large tumor in the right lobe, 13 cm × 17 cm in size, and right portal vein thrombosis. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 30,905 mg/dL. Therefore this patient was diagnosed with BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). He underwent trans-arterial chemo-embolization (TACE), abdominal radiotherapy, nivolumab, and lenvatinib. His disease had been under control until two years later, the disease progressed with multiple lung metastases, and his AFP level rose from around 1000 to 17,000 ng/ml. At this stage, he underwent new combination immunotherapy in January 2022. He used pembrolizumab (100 mg) first, and the AFP level decreased by 600 ng/ml daily. Then he received DC-CIK cell therapy two weeks after using pembrolizumab, and the AFP level declined to 900 ng/ml a day. Unfortunately, severe pneumonitis and tension pneumothorax developed after therapy. The patient denied undergoing further treatment and expired peacefully.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The previous in-vivo study found that combination immunotherapy can improve tumor control in the mice model. Besides, in previous clinical studies, the level of AFP may be a surrogate marker of tumor response. Therefore we thought the more rapidly declined level of AFP was the clinical evidence of the synergistic effect of checkpoint inhibitors combined with cell therapy in HCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42388187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is often recommended for men with a potential risk of prostate cancer (PCa) before requiring advanced examination. However, the best PSA cutoff value remains controversial.
Object: We compared the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds with a conventional cutoff of >4 ng/mL for the risk of PCa.
Methods: We included men who received PSA measurements between 2003 and 2017 in a medical center in Taiwan. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the association between age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds and PCa risk in age subgroups. We further applied C-statistic and decision curve analysis to compare the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA with that of a conventional cutoff PSA.
Results: We identified 626 patients with PCa and 40 836 patients without PCa. The slope of PSA in patients >60-year-old was almost 3 times that of those <60-year-old (0.713 vs 0.259). The risk effect sizes of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff (<60-year-old: 2.19; 60-70-year-old: 4.36; >70-year-old: 5.84 ng/mL) were comparable to those observed based on the conventional cutoff in all age groups. However, the discrimination performance of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff was better than that of the conventional cutoff among patients aged <60-year-old (C-statistic, 0.783 vs. 0.729, p < 0.05). The 75th percentile cutoffs also correctly identified an additional 2 patients with PCa for every 100 patients with PSA screening at the threshold probability of 20%.
Conclusions: Our data support the use of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff to facilitate individualized risk assessment, particularly for patients aged <60-year-old.
{"title":"Age-specific percentile-based prostate-specific antigen cutoff values predict the risk of prostate cancer: A single hospital observation.","authors":"Teng-Fu Hsieh, Hung-Lin Chen, Ying-Fang Hsia, Che-Chen Lin, Hsiu-Yin Chiang, Min-Yen Wu, Sheng-Hsuan Chen, Po-Fan Hsieh, Hsi-Chin Wu, Han Chang, Chin-Chi Kuo","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1415","DOIUrl":"10.37796/2211-8039.1415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testing for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is often recommended for men with a potential risk of prostate cancer (PCa) before requiring advanced examination. However, the best PSA cutoff value remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Object: </strong>We compared the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds with a conventional cutoff of >4 ng/mL for the risk of PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included men who received PSA measurements between 2003 and 2017 in a medical center in Taiwan. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the association between age-specific percentile-based PSA thresholds and PCa risk in age subgroups. We further applied C-statistic and decision curve analysis to compare the predictive performance of age-specific percentile-based PSA with that of a conventional cutoff PSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 626 patients with PCa and 40 836 patients without PCa. The slope of PSA in patients >60-year-old was almost 3 times that of those <60-year-old (0.713 vs 0.259). The risk effect sizes of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff (<60-year-old: 2.19; 60-70-year-old: 4.36; >70-year-old: 5.84 ng/mL) were comparable to those observed based on the conventional cutoff in all age groups. However, the discrimination performance of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff was better than that of the conventional cutoff among patients aged <60-year-old (C-statistic, 0.783 vs. 0.729, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The 75th percentile cutoffs also correctly identified an additional 2 patients with PCa for every 100 patients with PSA screening at the threshold probability of 20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data support the use of the 75th percentile PSA cutoff to facilitate individualized risk assessment, particularly for patients aged <60-year-old.</p>","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10627214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Şevki Güler, D. Torul, Sevda Kurt-Bayrakdar, E. K. Tayyarcan, Cagri Camsari, I. Boyaci
Background : Although widely explored in medicine, limited evidence exists in the literature regarding the ef fi cacy of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna) in the dental fi eld. Aim : This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of henna on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Methods : The agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of henna extracts. Dimethyl sulfoxide was used to prepare the ethanol extract of henna, and distilled water was used to prepare the water extract. For both ethanol and water extracts, 4 different concentrations were prepared as 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/mL. Results : It was determined that the water and ethanol extracts of the henna samples did not show an inhibition zone on P.gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans. As a result of the evaluations made with the broth microdilution method, it was found that the ethanol extract had a higher inhibitory effect on both bacteria, and both extracts had more inhibitory effects against A.actinomycetemcomitans. Conclusion : To understand the effect of henna on periodontal pathogens, more comprehensive in vitro studies should be performed on henna samples at different concentrations and with different bases.
{"title":"Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna) on periodontal pathogens using agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods: an in-vitro study","authors":"Şevki Güler, D. Torul, Sevda Kurt-Bayrakdar, E. K. Tayyarcan, Cagri Camsari, I. Boyaci","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1411","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Although widely explored in medicine, limited evidence exists in the literature regarding the ef fi cacy of Lawsonia inermis Linn (henna) in the dental fi eld. Aim : This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of henna on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Methods : The agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of henna extracts. Dimethyl sulfoxide was used to prepare the ethanol extract of henna, and distilled water was used to prepare the water extract. For both ethanol and water extracts, 4 different concentrations were prepared as 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/mL. Results : It was determined that the water and ethanol extracts of the henna samples did not show an inhibition zone on P.gingivalis and A.actinomycetemcomitans. As a result of the evaluations made with the broth microdilution method, it was found that the ethanol extract had a higher inhibitory effect on both bacteria, and both extracts had more inhibitory effects against A.actinomycetemcomitans. Conclusion : To understand the effect of henna on periodontal pathogens, more comprehensive in vitro studies should be performed on henna samples at different concentrations and with different bases.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42342193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arfianti Arfianti, U. Ulfah, Leopold Sampetua Hutabarat, Agnes Ivana G, A. Budiarti, N. Sahara, Nicko Pisceski Kusika Saputra
Background : Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has great potential as therapies due its ability to regenerate tissue damage and promote tissue homeostasis. Preconditioning of MSC in low oxygen concentration has been shown to affect the therapeutic potential of these cells. This study aimed to compare the characteristic and secretion of trophic factors of MSCs cultured under hypoxia and normoxia. Methods : MSCs were isolated from Wharton ' s jelly of human umbilical cord (UC) tissue by explant method and characterized by fl ow cytometry. Following 24 h of CoCl 2 -induced hypoxic culture, the viability and metabolic activity of MSC were analyzed by trypan blue exclusion test and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, respectively. The secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed in conditioned medium using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results : Flow cytometry analysis showed > 99% of the population of MSCs cells were positive for CD73 and CD90 and > 62% were positive for CD105. While the cell viability of MSC was not affected by hypoxic cultured condition, the metabolic activity rate of these cells was decreased under hypoxic conditioning. In line with reduced metabolic activity, hypoxic human UC-derived MSC produced less HGF than normoxic counterpart. Compared to normoxic MSC, hypoxic preconditioned MSC secreted higher level of VEGF in the conditioned medium (p < 0.05). Conclusions : Hypoxia decreased the metabolic activity of MSCs associated with the modulation of HGF and VEGF secretions. It is suggested that hypoxia may also affect the therapeutic capacity of MSC cells.
{"title":"Hipoxia modulates the secretion of growth factors in of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Arfianti Arfianti, U. Ulfah, Leopold Sampetua Hutabarat, Agnes Ivana G, A. Budiarti, N. Sahara, Nicko Pisceski Kusika Saputra","doi":"10.37796/2211-8039.1416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37796/2211-8039.1416","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) has great potential as therapies due its ability to regenerate tissue damage and promote tissue homeostasis. Preconditioning of MSC in low oxygen concentration has been shown to affect the therapeutic potential of these cells. This study aimed to compare the characteristic and secretion of trophic factors of MSCs cultured under hypoxia and normoxia. Methods : MSCs were isolated from Wharton ' s jelly of human umbilical cord (UC) tissue by explant method and characterized by fl ow cytometry. Following 24 h of CoCl 2 -induced hypoxic culture, the viability and metabolic activity of MSC were analyzed by trypan blue exclusion test and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, respectively. The secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed in conditioned medium using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results : Flow cytometry analysis showed > 99% of the population of MSCs cells were positive for CD73 and CD90 and > 62% were positive for CD105. While the cell viability of MSC was not affected by hypoxic cultured condition, the metabolic activity rate of these cells was decreased under hypoxic conditioning. In line with reduced metabolic activity, hypoxic human UC-derived MSC produced less HGF than normoxic counterpart. Compared to normoxic MSC, hypoxic preconditioned MSC secreted higher level of VEGF in the conditioned medium (p < 0.05). Conclusions : Hypoxia decreased the metabolic activity of MSCs associated with the modulation of HGF and VEGF secretions. It is suggested that hypoxia may also affect the therapeutic capacity of MSC cells.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45122123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bimal K. Agrawal, Manu Mathew, S. Kalia, Aditi Tongar
An elderly female presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and easy fatigability. Her sensorium gradually declined and became comatose. She was on Methotrexate, folic acid and prednisolone for her rheumatoid arthritis. The neurological examination and neuroimaging did not contribute in making the diagnosis. It is challenging to diagnose a metabolic cause of coma. Once diagnosis is established, the management becomes easier. On detailed investigation, she was found to have severe hypercalcemia with corrected serum calcium level being 18.2 mg%. Serum vitamin D level was also high, 150 ng/ml. On probing for detailed history, it was revealed that she had been taking a weekly dose of 60,000 IU of vitamin D for nearly 5 years. In recent times, association of various diseases has been reported with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D supplementation seems justified in this patient considering her age and the fact that she had rheumatoid arthritis; she was also taking corticosteroid. The recommended dose of vitamin D has been 400–800 IU/day. However, it is often prescribed at a dose of 60,000 IU/week, and sometimes patients self-medicate. There are no guidelines available for prescribing vitamin D at such a strength. Though safety of vitamin D has been established, vitamin D toxicity can occur sporadically with serious consequences. This was managed with intravenous fluids and diuretics. The patient also required subcutaneous calcitonin and low dose of corticosteroid, in addition to a session of haemodialysis for her hypercalcemia. The patient’s sensorium gradually improved as her calcium level returned to normalcy.
{"title":"Hypervitaminosis D induced hypercalcemia leading to coma: A case report","authors":"Bimal K. Agrawal, Manu Mathew, S. Kalia, Aditi Tongar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.3192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.3192","url":null,"abstract":"An elderly female presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and easy fatigability. Her sensorium gradually declined and became comatose. She was on Methotrexate, folic acid and prednisolone for her rheumatoid arthritis. The neurological examination and neuroimaging did not contribute in making the diagnosis. It is challenging to diagnose a metabolic cause of coma. Once diagnosis is established, the management becomes easier. On detailed investigation, she was found to have severe hypercalcemia with corrected serum calcium level being 18.2 mg%. Serum vitamin D level was also high, 150 ng/ml. On probing for detailed history, it was revealed that she had been taking a weekly dose of 60,000 IU of vitamin D for nearly 5 years. In recent times, association of various diseases has been reported with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D supplementation seems justified in this patient considering her age and the fact that she had rheumatoid arthritis; she was also taking corticosteroid. The recommended dose of vitamin D has been 400–800 IU/day. However, it is often prescribed at a dose of 60,000 IU/week, and sometimes patients self-medicate. There are no guidelines available for prescribing vitamin D at such a strength. Though safety of vitamin D has been established, vitamin D toxicity can occur sporadically with serious consequences. This was managed with intravenous fluids and diuretics. The patient also required subcutaneous calcitonin and low dose of corticosteroid, in addition to a session of haemodialysis for her hypercalcemia. The patient’s sensorium gradually improved as her calcium level returned to normalcy.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41320009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kishan Prasad H.L., Nimmy Maria Dasan, A. Kishan, S. Kumari N
Introduction and Aim: The most frequent gynaecological neoplasm in women of reproductive age is leiomyoma (Fibroid). They are hormone-dependent tumours, and estrogen will promote their development. It has been found that estrogen levels and cholesterol levels are inversely associated. Few studies have shown no relation between lipid profile and leiomyoma, but few studies suggested a positive correlation. The lipid profile of patients with uterine fibroids (the case group) and women without fibroids (the control group) is compared in the current study. Materials and Methods: The case-control study included fifty subjects between 20 to 40 years. Twenty-five serum samples collected from women without evidence of leiomyoma were considered the control group. Twenty-five cases were admitted with various symptoms, diagnosed and confirmed as leiomyoma on histopathology. Results: There was a substantial difference in Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels between patients with leiomyoma and healthy people. With a p-value of 0.04, the TC, LDL-C level in leiomyoma patients was substantially lower than that of healthy individuals in the general population. The levels of triglycerides, High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were comparable across the case and control groups, though. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, patients with leiomyoma have lower serum TC and LDL-C levels than healthy controls. This could be linked to patients with leiomyomas having higher estrogen levels. As a result, lipid profile variables like TC and LDL-C may be accurate indicators of leiomyoma. These findings point to the possibility of blood plasma lipid profiling for the non-invasive diagnosis of fibroids.
{"title":"Lipid profile in patients with leiomyoma-A case-control study","authors":"Kishan Prasad H.L., Nimmy Maria Dasan, A. Kishan, S. Kumari N","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.1443","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The most frequent gynaecological neoplasm in women of reproductive age is leiomyoma (Fibroid). They are hormone-dependent tumours, and estrogen will promote their development. It has been found that estrogen levels and cholesterol levels are inversely associated. Few studies have shown no relation between lipid profile and leiomyoma, but few studies suggested a positive correlation. The lipid profile of patients with uterine fibroids (the case group) and women without fibroids (the control group) is compared in the current study.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: The case-control study included fifty subjects between 20 to 40 years. Twenty-five serum samples collected from women without evidence of leiomyoma were considered the control group. Twenty-five cases were admitted with various symptoms, diagnosed and confirmed as leiomyoma on histopathology.\u0000 \u0000Results: There was a substantial difference in Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels between patients with leiomyoma and healthy people. With a p-value of 0.04, the TC, LDL-C level in leiomyoma patients was substantially lower than that of healthy individuals in the general population. The levels of triglycerides, High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were comparable across the case and control groups, though.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: According to the study's findings, patients with leiomyoma have lower serum TC and LDL-C levels than healthy controls. This could be linked to patients with leiomyomas having higher estrogen levels. As a result, lipid profile variables like TC and LDL-C may be accurate indicators of leiomyoma. These findings point to the possibility of blood plasma lipid profiling for the non-invasive diagnosis of fibroids.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47560798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priyanka Madhavan, Shruti D Nayak, S. Prabhu, M. Jose
Jaw lesions such as radicular cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, osteomyelitis associated with Actinomyces have been reported by many authors in the literature. Actinomycotic colonization in developmental cysts like GOC is extremely rare. So far in the literature search, the previous reports have not described actinomyces co-existing with GOC to our knowledge. Herein, we report a rare case report of GOC coexisting with actinomycotic colonies and pathogenesis of actinomycosis associated with odontogenic cyst.
{"title":"Glandular odontogenic cyst coexisting with actinomycosis: A rare case report","authors":"Priyanka Madhavan, Shruti D Nayak, S. Prabhu, M. Jose","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2325","url":null,"abstract":"Jaw lesions such as radicular cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, osteomyelitis associated with Actinomyces have been reported by many authors in the literature. Actinomycotic colonization in developmental cysts like GOC is extremely rare. So far in the literature search, the previous reports have not described actinomyces co-existing with GOC to our knowledge. Herein, we report a rare case report of GOC coexisting with actinomycotic colonies and pathogenesis of actinomycosis associated with odontogenic cyst.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48542570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: The disease caused by Corona virus (Covid-19) has become a public health importance in recent times as its human-to-human transmission is faster when compared to other pandemic of recent times. Since the outbreak of Covid-19, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the disease including spread of the disease and mortality have been reported extensively. Little is known about Covid 19 impact on cognition; hence the present was undertaken. The study aimed at assessing the cognitive status in patients admitted for infection with corona and to determine the correlation between cognitive status and blood pressure in the same patients. Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study that included 300 adults of both genders admitted in the tertiary care hospital with RTPCR positive for Covid-19. A cognition failure questionnaire was used to record the patient’s response and also BP was recorded. Results: For analysis Descriptive statistics like mean and Standard Deviation, and to find association between parameters - Spearman correlation, Mann Whitney U Test were used. Analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Even though there was no significant association seen between Overall cognitive scores, forgetfulness scores, and false triggering scores with gender, there was significant association seen between overall cognitive scores and false triggering scores with age. Applying spearman correlation with respect to overall cognitive failure with duration of hospital stay showed statistically significance*(p<0.001) and between cognitive failure and diastolic blood pressure showed statistical significance with respect to overall cognition. Conclusion: Infection with Covid-19 has an effect on cognition. Duration of hospital stay has an impact on cognition with associated blood pressure changes in the Covid-19 disease.
{"title":"Assessment of the cognitive status of Covid -19 patients and its correlation to blood pressure","authors":"Mamatha S.D., Priya S.A., S. L., Shivakumar K.M., Smitha Malenahalli Chandrashekarappa","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2264","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The disease caused by Corona virus (Covid-19) has become a public health importance in recent times as its human-to-human transmission is faster when compared to other pandemic of recent times. Since the outbreak of Covid-19, epidemiology and clinical characteristics of the disease including spread of the disease and mortality have been reported extensively. Little is known about Covid 19 impact on cognition; hence the present was undertaken. The study aimed at assessing the cognitive status in patients admitted for infection with corona and to determine the correlation between cognitive status and blood pressure in the same patients. \u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study that included 300 adults of both genders admitted in the tertiary care hospital with RTPCR positive for Covid-19. A cognition failure questionnaire was used to record the patient’s response and also BP was recorded. \u0000 \u0000Results: For analysis Descriptive statistics like mean and Standard Deviation, and to find association between parameters - Spearman correlation, Mann Whitney U Test were used. Analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Even though there was no significant association seen between Overall cognitive scores, forgetfulness scores, and false triggering scores with gender, there was significant association seen between overall cognitive scores and false triggering scores with age. Applying spearman correlation with respect to overall cognitive failure with duration of hospital stay showed statistically significance*(p<0.001) and between cognitive failure and diastolic blood pressure showed statistical significance with respect to overall cognition. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Infection with Covid-19 has an effect on cognition. Duration of hospital stay has an impact on cognition with associated blood pressure changes in the Covid-19 disease.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46557930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: The sinonasal region is affected by different types of neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. This study attempts to highlight our experience with these lesions and to categorize them. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in our hospitals and data including history, clinical findings, and histopathological diagnosis was collected from medical records of 187 patients who visited the outpatient department with nasal, paranasal sinus or nasopharyngeal lesions from 2007 to 2020. Results: A total of 187 patients were included. The commonest site involved was the nasal cavity in 104 (55.61%) patients, followed by maxillary sinus in 26 (13.9%) patients and nasopharynx in 16 (8.56%) patients. The majority of the cases were benign tumours (41.71%), followed by malignancy (35.29%). Inverted papilloma was the commonest benign tumour (13.9%); squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type of malignancy (12.3%). Conclusion: The overlapping features of nasal masses make diagnosis a challenge, the role of histopathology is indispensable. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for better clinical management, which will ultimately enhance healthcare.
{"title":"Sinonasal lesions – Case analysis at a tertiary care centre in coastal India","authors":"M. Khadilkar, Deviprasad Dosemane, U. Khadilkar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2591","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The sinonasal region is affected by different types of neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. This study attempts to highlight our experience with these lesions and to categorize them.\u0000 \u0000Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in our hospitals and data including history, clinical findings, and histopathological diagnosis was collected from medical records of 187 patients who visited the outpatient department with nasal, paranasal sinus or nasopharyngeal lesions from 2007 to 2020.\u0000 \u0000Results: A total of 187 patients were included. The commonest site involved was the nasal cavity in 104 (55.61%) patients, followed by maxillary sinus in 26 (13.9%) patients and nasopharynx in 16 (8.56%) patients. The majority of the cases were benign tumours (41.71%), followed by malignancy (35.29%). Inverted papilloma was the commonest benign tumour (13.9%); squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type of malignancy (12.3%).\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The overlapping features of nasal masses make diagnosis a challenge, the role of histopathology is indispensable. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for better clinical management, which will ultimately enhance healthcare.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47237147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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