Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00011.4
P. M. Praburam, P. Moses, G. Kang
Introduction: Growth faltering is a common health issue in the developing countries. At times we are unable to attribute this growth faltering to lack of adequate nutrients in food or ongoing disease conditions alone. With this study we aim to assess the possibility of the existence of subclinical malabsorption in children with undernutrition. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 161 children from a birth cohort of 377 children who were under follow up from birth for health and disease in three of the urban slums of Vellore. The prevalence of small intestinal enteropathy, as assessed by a 5 hour urinary d-xylose excretion test, was compared between undernourished and well-nourished children. Correlation between undernutrition, d-xylose malabsorption and previous documented illnesses including viral, bacterial or parasitic infections/ infestations was also studied. Results: Xylose test result was abnormal in 41% (25 of 61) of undernourished children as against 26% (26 of 100) of well-nourished children, with p value of 0.047 and Odds ratio of 1.976 with 95% confidence interval between 1.003 and 3.895. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between undernutrition and small intestinal enteropathy
{"title":"Small intestinal enteropathy in undernourished children in three urban slums in South India","authors":"P. M. Praburam, P. Moses, G. Kang","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00011.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00011.4","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Growth faltering is a common health issue in the developing countries. At times we are unable to attribute this growth faltering to lack of adequate nutrients in food or ongoing disease conditions alone. With this study we aim to assess the possibility of the existence of subclinical malabsorption in children with undernutrition. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 161 children from a birth cohort of 377 children who were under follow up from birth for health and disease in three of the urban slums of Vellore. The prevalence of small intestinal enteropathy, as assessed by a 5 hour urinary d-xylose excretion test, was compared between undernourished and well-nourished children. Correlation between undernutrition, d-xylose malabsorption and previous documented illnesses including viral, bacterial or parasitic infections/ infestations was also studied. Results: Xylose test result was abnormal in 41% (25 of 61) of undernourished children as against 26% (26 of 100) of well-nourished children, with p value of 0.047 and Odds ratio of 1.976 with 95% confidence interval between 1.003 and 3.895. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between undernutrition and small intestinal enteropathy","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00012.6
Eylem Topbaş, G. Can, M. R. Ataman
Aim: This study has been designed to develop an assessment tool to be used in determining the patients’ satisfaction level with the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) procedure. Materials and Methods: The development and validation of the peritoneal equilibration test Satisfaction Scale (PETSS) was completed in two phases. Phase I focused on instrument construction and included item development and establishment of concurrent validity. Phase II included the factor analysis and psychometric assessment of the scale. In statistical evaluation of the data descriptive statistics and non-paratmetric tests were used. Results: The first version of the scale that has 3.62 Content Validity Index value was composed of 20 items. It was found that the latest version of the scale that has 14 items explained 46% of the variance. It was found that the Cronbach alfa value of this scale, which has 0.52-0.89 coefficient of item-total correlation was 0.96. Psychometric assessment of the scale revealed that except for type of the PET application, none of the demographic and clinical characteristics effect patients level of satisfaction during the PET application. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed that PETSS was a valid and reliable scale that can be used for determining satisfaction level of patients during PET application.
{"title":"Assessment of satisfaction in peritoneal equilibration test: a study on the validity and reliability of the peritoneal equilibration satisfaction scale","authors":"Eylem Topbaş, G. Can, M. R. Ataman","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00012.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00012.6","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study has been designed to develop an assessment tool to be used in determining the patients’ satisfaction level with the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) procedure. Materials and Methods: The development and validation of the peritoneal equilibration test Satisfaction Scale (PETSS) was completed in two phases. Phase I focused on instrument construction and included item development and establishment of concurrent validity. Phase II included the factor analysis and psychometric assessment of the scale. In statistical evaluation of the data descriptive statistics and non-paratmetric tests were used. Results: The first version of the scale that has 3.62 Content Validity Index value was composed of 20 items. It was found that the latest version of the scale that has 14 items explained 46% of the variance. It was found that the Cronbach alfa value of this scale, which has 0.52-0.89 coefficient of item-total correlation was 0.96. Psychometric assessment of the scale revealed that except for type of the PET application, none of the demographic and clinical characteristics effect patients level of satisfaction during the PET application. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed that PETSS was a valid and reliable scale that can be used for determining satisfaction level of patients during PET application.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00009.6
Omer Abdalla, T. Elsayed, H. Waggiallah
Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent causes for hematologic consultation in the practice of medicine and can result from a wide variety of conditions. Objective: The study was conducted on behave of platelets count in tie with platelet volume indices to measure their consistency. Methods: The study was “prospective cross-sectional hospital based design” and conducted at Khartoum hospitals (A.Gasim, Jafar I A, and R.ICK). Studied populations texture has stipulated concurred diagnosis of heart disorders (HD), lymphoid neoplasms (LN), hypoplastic bone marrow (HPB), renal transplantation (RT), patients under chemotherapy (CT), and fully checked healthy Sudanese population (HSP). Platelet (PLT) count and platelet volume index (PVI) were measured using automated method of Sysmex KX-21N and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: does established (24) mean and standard for the study population among which (HSP) was platelet distribution width (PDW) (11.4±1.5 fl), mean platelet volume (MPV) (9.3±0.8 fl), platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) (20.6±6.7%) and PLT count (245±45 X109/L), and established correlations between PLT count and PVI in thrombocytopenic conditions. Conclusion: we conclude that, PVI has the ability to change from normal to higher or lower than (HSP) in thrombocytopenic conditions and Sudanese has PVI mean lower than the mean of reference range, and there are inverse and reverse correlations between PLT count and PVI but not in (HSP) and reverse correlation in between PVI except between PDW and P-LCR in (HPB)
背景:血小板减少症是医学实践中血液学会诊最常见的原因之一，可由多种情况引起。目的:研究血小板计数与血小板体积指标的关系，以衡量二者的一致性。方法:本研究采用“前瞻性横断面医院设计”，在喀土穆医院(A.Gasim, Jafar I A和r.k k)进行。研究人群的结构规定了心脏病(HD)、淋巴样肿瘤(LN)、骨髓发育不良(HPB)、肾移植(RT)、化疗患者(CT)和全面检查的健康苏丹人群(HSP)的并发诊断。采用Sysmex KX-21N自动方法测定血小板(PLT)计数和血小板体积指数(PVI)，并用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。结果:建立了血小板分布宽度(PDW)(11.4±1.5 fl)、平均血小板体积(MPV)(9.3±0.8 fl)、血小板大细胞比(PLCR)(20.6±6.7%)、PLT计数(245±45 X109/L)为研究人群的平均值和标准(24)，并建立了血小板减少条件下PLT计数与PVI的相关性。结论:血小板减少患者PVI具有从正常到高于或低于(HSP)的变化能力，苏丹患者PVI均值低于参考范围均值，PLT计数与PVI之间存在正相关和负相关关系，但在(HSP)中不存在;PVI与PVI之间存在负相关关系，但在(HPB)中PDW与P-LCR之间存在负相关关系。
{"title":"SIGNIFICANCE OF PLATELET COUNT AND PLATELET INDICES IN PATIENTS WITH SOME THROMBOCYTOPENIC CONDITIONS","authors":"Omer Abdalla, T. Elsayed, H. Waggiallah","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00009.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00009.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent causes for hematologic consultation in the practice of medicine and can result from a wide variety of conditions. Objective: The study was conducted on behave of platelets count in tie with platelet volume indices to measure their consistency. Methods: The study was “prospective cross-sectional hospital based design” and conducted at Khartoum hospitals (A.Gasim, Jafar I A, and R.ICK). Studied populations texture has stipulated concurred diagnosis of heart disorders (HD), lymphoid neoplasms (LN), hypoplastic bone marrow (HPB), renal transplantation (RT), patients under chemotherapy (CT), and fully checked healthy Sudanese population (HSP). Platelet (PLT) count and platelet volume index (PVI) were measured using automated method of Sysmex KX-21N and the data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: does established (24) mean and standard for the study population among which (HSP) was platelet distribution width (PDW) (11.4±1.5 fl), mean platelet volume (MPV) (9.3±0.8 fl), platelet large cell ratio (PLCR) (20.6±6.7%) and PLT count (245±45 X109/L), and established correlations between PLT count and PVI in thrombocytopenic conditions. Conclusion: we conclude that, PVI has the ability to change from normal to higher or lower than (HSP) in thrombocytopenic conditions and Sudanese has PVI mean lower than the mean of reference range, and there are inverse and reverse correlations between PLT count and PVI but not in (HSP) and reverse correlation in between PVI except between PDW and P-LCR in (HPB)","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71079872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.20431/2349-0365.0403001
J. Cordeiro, A. Almeida, Senival Alves de Oliveira Júnior, B. Fern, Es, Amália Cinthia Menezes Rêgo, Irami Araújo-Filho
The diaphragmatic eventration [DE] is a rare pathology, commonly asymptomatic, but can result in dyspnea and recurrent respiratory infections. Can be caused can a congenital defect or be acquired by phrenic nerve injury. Your diagnosis occurs primarily through the visualization of the elevation of the diaphragmatic dome affected on chest xrays applied at random. Your management depends on the clinical symptoms, which if present, surgical treatment and minimally invasive techniques the procedure of choice.
{"title":"Diaphragmatic eventration: Review of current knowledge, diagnostic, and management options","authors":"J. Cordeiro, A. Almeida, Senival Alves de Oliveira Júnior, B. Fern, Es, Amália Cinthia Menezes Rêgo, Irami Araújo-Filho","doi":"10.20431/2349-0365.0403001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0403001","url":null,"abstract":"The diaphragmatic eventration [DE] is a rare pathology, commonly asymptomatic, but can result in dyspnea and recurrent respiratory infections. Can be caused can a congenital defect or be acquired by phrenic nerve injury. Your diagnosis occurs primarily through the visualization of the elevation of the diaphragmatic dome affected on chest xrays applied at random. Your management depends on the clinical symptoms, which if present, surgical treatment and minimally invasive techniques the procedure of choice.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67550712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00005.9
Ikue Shamoto, Yuka Ishihara, M. Ohta
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major causative agent of healthcare-associated infections. Aims: To survey S. aureus/MRSA colonization in the nasopharyngeal cavities of intensive care unit (ICU) doctors at a university hospital. Methods: Surveys on nasopharyngeal S. aureus/MRSA colonization in 29 ICU doctors at a university hospital were conducted during July 2011 and January 2012. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed mecA-positive strains as MRSA. The antimicrobial susceptibilities and toxin gene profiles of the isolates were additionally examined. Results: A total of 52% of the doctors examined during the first survey and 64% during the second survey showed S. aureus colonization, and 81% of the isolates were confirmed to be MRSA. Most of the MRSA strains had partially mutated mecA, as determined by PCR. The MRSA isolates, except for three, were susceptible to oxacillin, suggesting that these isolates could be misidentified as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) in hospital laboratories, whereas several resistant colonies appeared after an additional 3 days of incubation in the presence of oxacillin. Among the MRSA isolates, only four were tst-positive, and none were eta/etb-positive. Conclusion: A high rate of MRSA colonization in the nasal cavity of ICU doctors at a university hospital was observed. Most MRSA isolates, as determined through mecA detection, were susceptible to oxacillin, but produced resistant mutants in the presence of oxacillin. Therefore, we strongly suggest monitoring and/or eradication of colonized MRSA in the nasal cavity of ICU doctors.
{"title":"Properties of a high rate of MRSA colonization in the nasal cavity of intensive care unit doctors","authors":"Ikue Shamoto, Yuka Ishihara, M. Ohta","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00005.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00005.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major causative agent of healthcare-associated infections. Aims: To survey S. aureus/MRSA colonization in the nasopharyngeal cavities of intensive care unit (ICU) doctors at a university hospital. Methods: Surveys on nasopharyngeal S. aureus/MRSA colonization in 29 ICU doctors at a university hospital were conducted during July 2011 and January 2012. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed mecA-positive strains as MRSA. The antimicrobial susceptibilities and toxin gene profiles of the isolates were additionally examined. Results: A total of 52% of the doctors examined during the first survey and 64% during the second survey showed S. aureus colonization, and 81% of the isolates were confirmed to be MRSA. Most of the MRSA strains had partially mutated mecA, as determined by PCR. The MRSA isolates, except for three, were susceptible to oxacillin, suggesting that these isolates could be misidentified as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) in hospital laboratories, whereas several resistant colonies appeared after an additional 3 days of incubation in the presence of oxacillin. Among the MRSA isolates, only four were tst-positive, and none were eta/etb-positive. Conclusion: A high rate of MRSA colonization in the nasal cavity of ICU doctors at a university hospital was observed. Most MRSA isolates, as determined through mecA detection, were susceptible to oxacillin, but produced resistant mutants in the presence of oxacillin. Therefore, we strongly suggest monitoring and/or eradication of colonized MRSA in the nasal cavity of ICU doctors.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71079728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00015.1
W. Elshami, A. Elamrdi, S. Alyafie, M. Abuzaid
Aim: The study aimed to examine attitudes and practice of radiographer in the fields of CPD and ascertain barriers of CPD in Sudan. Method & Material: A questionnaire to collect quantitative data and all participants were working in the field of radiography or medical imaging. The questionnaire was derived from previous studies and consisted of closeended and some open-ended questions. Result: The study revealed positive attitudes and opinions towards CPD as most of respondents agreed that CPD is important and should be mandatory but on contrary it reflected poor participation in CPD activities. The most common barriers were cost, staff shortage and lack of activities and resources. Conclusion: This study has provided an insight into radiographers’ perceptions of CPD in Sudan. Most of radiographers agreed that CPD improve practice and it is important to them but there is poor participation in CPD activities. Therefore, there is a need to cultivate continuous learning culture to improve the existing knowledge and skills.
{"title":"Continuing professional development in radiography: practice, attitude and barriers","authors":"W. Elshami, A. Elamrdi, S. Alyafie, M. Abuzaid","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00015.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00015.1","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The study aimed to examine attitudes and practice of radiographer in the fields of CPD and ascertain barriers of CPD in Sudan. Method & Material: A questionnaire to collect quantitative data and all participants were working in the field of radiography or medical imaging. The questionnaire was derived from previous studies and consisted of closeended and some open-ended questions. Result: The study revealed positive attitudes and opinions towards CPD as most of respondents agreed that CPD is important and should be mandatory but on contrary it reflected poor participation in CPD activities. The most common barriers were cost, staff shortage and lack of activities and resources. Conclusion: This study has provided an insight into radiographers’ perceptions of CPD in Sudan. Most of radiographers agreed that CPD improve practice and it is important to them but there is poor participation in CPD activities. Therefore, there is a need to cultivate continuous learning culture to improve the existing knowledge and skills.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00024.2
F. Borgo, E. Borghi, S. Marzorati, G. Iapichino, G. Morace
Exposure of gut microbiota to antibiotics can promote antibiotic resistance and development of diseases caused by multi-drug-resistant organisms. Here we present a case of a 54-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis with significant biliary duct leakage, admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to a septic syndrome after surgery. Fecal microbial population was analyzed by DGGE and Real Time PCR during and after a combined antibiotic therapy and enteral nutritional feeding. Gut microbiota dysbiosis was demonstrated during ICU recovery. After antibiotic therapy discontinuation and the switch to normal diet, microbial gut population gradually increased up to values comparable with those of a healthy subject. Bifidobacterium spp. took longer to re-stabilize, reaching normal value after two weeks. Our case report corroborates the resilient nature of gut microbiota, but points out the long time needed to recover after antibiotic treatment, paving the way to supplementation with key probiotic species.
肠道微生物群暴露于抗生素可促进抗生素耐药性和由多重耐药生物引起的疾病的发展。在此，我们报告一例54岁男性患者，诊断为急性胆囊炎伴胆管明显渗漏，手术后因脓毒症综合征入院重症监护病房(ICU)。采用DGGE和Real Time PCR分析抗生素联合肠内营养喂养期间和之后的粪便微生物数量。在ICU康复期间证实了肠道菌群失调。在停止抗生素治疗并转向正常饮食后，肠道微生物数量逐渐增加到与健康受试者相当的值。双歧杆菌需要更长的时间才能重新稳定下来，两周后达到正常水平。我们的病例报告证实了肠道菌群的弹性，但指出抗生素治疗后需要很长时间才能恢复，为补充关键益生菌物种铺平了道路。
{"title":"GUT MICROBIOTA CHANGE AND TIME OF RESTORE IN INTENSIVE CARE THERAPY: A CASE REPORT","authors":"F. Borgo, E. Borghi, S. Marzorati, G. Iapichino, G. Morace","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00024.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00024.2","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure of gut microbiota to antibiotics can promote antibiotic resistance and development of diseases caused by multi-drug-resistant organisms. Here we present a case of a 54-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis with significant biliary duct leakage, admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to a septic syndrome after surgery. Fecal microbial population was analyzed by DGGE and Real Time PCR during and after a combined antibiotic therapy and enteral nutritional feeding. Gut microbiota dysbiosis was demonstrated during ICU recovery. After antibiotic therapy discontinuation and the switch to normal diet, microbial gut population gradually increased up to values comparable with those of a healthy subject. Bifidobacterium spp. took longer to re-stabilize, reaching normal value after two weeks. Our case report corroborates the resilient nature of gut microbiota, but points out the long time needed to recover after antibiotic treatment, paving the way to supplementation with key probiotic species.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00026.6
Eun Young Kim
Aim: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered a reference method for adiposity measurements in epidemiologic studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender, age, and physique in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and DXA derived adiposity indices for Korean children and adolescents. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample taken from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2009 to 2011, BMI of Korean children and adolescents was compared with DXA determined adiposity indices (fat mass index, FMI and percentage body fat, PBF). The correlation was subsequently evacuated according to the genders, age groups (children aged 10-12.9 yrs, early adolescents aged 13-15.9 yrs, and late adolescents aged 16-18.9 yrs.) and BMI level (< or ≥85th percentile for age and sex). Results: In 1919 (1024 boys) Korean children and adolescents, BMI was more strongly correlated with FMI than PBF (r = 0797 and r = 0.519, respectively all study subjects, P < 0.05), across all age groups, gender, and physiques. Conclusions: BMI is more highly correlated with FMI than PBF in Korean children and adolescents.
{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND DUAL-ENERGY X- RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DXA) DETERMINED ADIPOSITY INDICES IN KOREAN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS; THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER, AGE GROUPS, AND PHYSIQUE","authors":"Eun Young Kim","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00026.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00026.6","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered a reference method for adiposity measurements in epidemiologic studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender, age, and physique in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and DXA derived adiposity indices for Korean children and adolescents. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample taken from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2009 to 2011, BMI of Korean children and adolescents was compared with DXA determined adiposity indices (fat mass index, FMI and percentage body fat, PBF). The correlation was subsequently evacuated according to the genders, age groups (children aged 10-12.9 yrs, early adolescents aged 13-15.9 yrs, and late adolescents aged 16-18.9 yrs.) and BMI level (< or ≥85th percentile for age and sex). Results: In 1919 (1024 boys) Korean children and adolescents, BMI was more strongly correlated with FMI than PBF (r = 0797 and r = 0.519, respectively all study subjects, P < 0.05), across all age groups, gender, and physiques. Conclusions: BMI is more highly correlated with FMI than PBF in Korean children and adolescents.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00018.7
N. Tadvi, Sajid T Hussain, U. Ghaffar
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide They are indicated for treatment of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), acid peptic disorders, stress ulcers and prophylaxis of NSAID induced ulcers.[1] PPIs are more efficacious than other drugs like histamine -2 receptor blockers for the treatment of these disorders.[1] Though PPIs are highly potent and effective acid suppressors they are often misused and prescribed irrationally. The incidence of irrational use of PPIs varies from 40-70 % in different studies. [2] In one of our previous studies 58 % of PPIs prescriptions were irrational. [2] These findings become much more significant in the light of recent findings which suggest correlation of long term use of PPIs to myocardial infarction and kidney injury. [3,4] The PPIs may be deemed safe for short term use but chronic use carries risk of hip fractures, infection with clostridium difficle, community acquired pneumonia.[2] PPIs exposure in elderly population was also found to be associated with hyperparathyroidism in one recently conducted study.[5] The ongoing long term studies for assessing the safety and association of PPIs with various serious outcomes may open up a new can of worms. Keeping in mind the benefits as well as risks of proton pump inhibitors, clinicians should judiciously use these drugs in practice. The patients should also be educated regarding the adverse outcomes of PPIs on long term therapy as these drugs are easily available without prescription.
{"title":"BENEFITS VERSUS RISKS OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS: ARE WE OPENING THE CAN OF WORMS","authors":"N. Tadvi, Sajid T Hussain, U. Ghaffar","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00018.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00018.7","url":null,"abstract":"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide They are indicated for treatment of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), acid peptic disorders, stress ulcers and prophylaxis of NSAID induced ulcers.[1] PPIs are more efficacious than other drugs like histamine -2 receptor blockers for the treatment of these disorders.[1] Though PPIs are highly potent and effective acid suppressors they are often misused and prescribed irrationally. The incidence of irrational use of PPIs varies from 40-70 % in different studies. [2] In one of our previous studies 58 % of PPIs prescriptions were irrational. [2] These findings become much more significant in the light of recent findings which suggest correlation of long term use of PPIs to myocardial infarction and kidney injury. [3,4] The PPIs may be deemed safe for short term use but chronic use carries risk of hip fractures, infection with clostridium difficle, community acquired pneumonia.[2] PPIs exposure in elderly population was also found to be associated with hyperparathyroidism in one recently conducted study.[5] The ongoing long term studies for assessing the safety and association of PPIs with various serious outcomes may open up a new can of worms. Keeping in mind the benefits as well as risks of proton pump inhibitors, clinicians should judiciously use these drugs in practice. The patients should also be educated regarding the adverse outcomes of PPIs on long term therapy as these drugs are easily available without prescription.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00023.0
Abdalla Hassan, Ahmad Zabad, C. Mercy, rasekaran, Abdul S Mohammed, Shafaq Mahmoud, P. Boddu
Aortic dissection is uncommon with high mortality rate if untreated. We report a challenging case of long segment aortic dissection in which the dissection type was very difficult to identify due to limitations of the available imaging studies. 66-year-old male presented to us with 3 days history of chest pain and difficulty breathing. He is known to be hypertensive. In the emergency room, patient has systolic blood pressure >190. Chest X-ray showed widening of mediastinum. CT angiography of chest and abdomen showed an acute dissection of the thoracic aorta extending from the mid ascending aorta to the infra-renal aorta suggestive of Stanford type A aortic dissection. Transthoracic and Trans-esophageal echocardiography revealed a partially calcified intimal flap in the distal portion of the arch and in the descending thoracic aorta suggestive of Stanford type B aortic dissection. Medical treatment started, and repeated CT angiography was obtained and it confirmed type B aortic dissection. One week after discharge, patient was readmitted with severe neck pain and difficulty breathing. CT chest without contrast showed grossly stable appearance of type A dissection consistent with the first CT angiography. Cardiothoracic surgery immediately reevaluated the situation and recommended surgical intervention.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF DIAGNOSTIC DISCREPANCIES IN AORTIC DISSECTION MANAGEMENT","authors":"Abdalla Hassan, Ahmad Zabad, C. Mercy, rasekaran, Abdul S Mohammed, Shafaq Mahmoud, P. Boddu","doi":"10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00023.0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2319-5886.2016.00023.0","url":null,"abstract":"Aortic dissection is uncommon with high mortality rate if untreated. We report a challenging case of long segment aortic dissection in which the dissection type was very difficult to identify due to limitations of the available imaging studies. 66-year-old male presented to us with 3 days history of chest pain and difficulty breathing. He is known to be hypertensive. In the emergency room, patient has systolic blood pressure >190. Chest X-ray showed widening of mediastinum. CT angiography of chest and abdomen showed an acute dissection of the thoracic aorta extending from the mid ascending aorta to the infra-renal aorta suggestive of Stanford type A aortic dissection. Transthoracic and Trans-esophageal echocardiography revealed a partially calcified intimal flap in the distal portion of the arch and in the descending thoracic aorta suggestive of Stanford type B aortic dissection. Medical treatment started, and repeated CT angiography was obtained and it confirmed type B aortic dissection. One week after discharge, patient was readmitted with severe neck pain and difficulty breathing. CT chest without contrast showed grossly stable appearance of type A dissection consistent with the first CT angiography. Cardiothoracic surgery immediately reevaluated the situation and recommended surgical intervention.","PeriodicalId":51699,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71080320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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