Ashish Binani, Kay Cesar, Herman Helsen, Bernardo Maestrini, Frank De Ruijter, Bas Van Aken
The irradiance on 3D plants, for instance for row crops, is complex to measure. Validated irradiance modelling of 3D row crops gives detailed information about the irradiance distribution on the crop canopy. It can also be applied to investigate new or changed layouts of agri-PV systems without the need to actually build them. We modelled an agri-PV system of partially transparent PV panels integrated with a soft fruit farm using the light and PV simulation package BIGEYE. The irradiance absorbed by the canopy is calculated from the difference in irradiance above and below the plants, mimicking PARbar measurements. The simulated PARbar data is in agreement with a full analysis of the modelled total irradiance on the plant row surfaces. We also show that there is a difference in the irradiance on the plant rows below the lower and higher ends of the PV panels. Finally, the irradiance along the sides is twice as high on the top third than the bottom third. The detailed information on the irradiance distribution will be compared to observed adaptations of the plants to shading.
{"title":"Modelling Light Interception by Rows of Tall-Growing Crops in an Agri-PV System","authors":"Ashish Binani, Kay Cesar, Herman Helsen, Bernardo Maestrini, Frank De Ruijter, Bas Van Aken","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.996","url":null,"abstract":"The irradiance on 3D plants, for instance for row crops, is complex to measure. Validated irradiance modelling of 3D row crops gives detailed information about the irradiance distribution on the crop canopy. It can also be applied to investigate new or changed layouts of agri-PV systems without the need to actually build them. We modelled an agri-PV system of partially transparent PV panels integrated with a soft fruit farm using the light and PV simulation package BIGEYE. The irradiance absorbed by the canopy is calculated from the difference in irradiance above and below the plants, mimicking PARbar measurements. The simulated PARbar data is in agreement with a full analysis of the modelled total irradiance on the plant row surfaces. We also show that there is a difference in the irradiance on the plant rows below the lower and higher ends of the PV panels. Finally, the irradiance along the sides is twice as high on the top third than the bottom third. The detailed information on the irradiance distribution will be compared to observed adaptations of the plants to shading.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"38 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141103737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
South Africa has seen a drastic uptake of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with an increasing number of solar farms over the last decade. From an available land perspective, there is also much potential to significantly expand the generation capacity, when compared to the rest of the world. More than 80% of the land area has a solar resource greater than 1600 kWh/m2/yr. Over 79% of the land is used for agricultural purposes, yet only 22.5% of the installed PV capacity is in the agricultural sector. This highlights the potential of dual land usage with agrivoltaic systems. This paper investigates the opportunities to develop such systems by considering agricultural production in South Africa that may be suitable – to pave the way forward for the implementation of appropriate agrivoltaic systems in the country. A Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis was undertaken, considering the solar resource and land with a slope of less than 2 degree – to minimise construction costs. Current large-scale solar projects in South Africa indicate that at least 0.6 GWh of electricity can be generated annually per hectare. The current total capacity (of all sources) generated around 237 TWh of electricity in 2022. To generate an equal amount of electricity with agrivoltaic systems would then (roughly) require less than 400 thousand hectares of agricultural land; or less than 2% of the available land suitable for agrivoltaic systems (depending on the designed panel density). Further site-specific techno-economic analyses are underway to provide greater insight into the potential opportunities for South Africa.
{"title":"Agrivoltaic Systems: Potential Opportunities for South Africa","authors":"Alan Brent, Nicholas Chapman, Imke De Kock","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.982","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa has seen a drastic uptake of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with an increasing number of solar farms over the last decade. From an available land perspective, there is also much potential to significantly expand the generation capacity, when compared to the rest of the world. More than 80% of the land area has a solar resource greater than 1600 kWh/m2/yr. Over 79% of the land is used for agricultural purposes, yet only 22.5% of the installed PV capacity is in the agricultural sector. This highlights the potential of dual land usage with agrivoltaic systems. This paper investigates the opportunities to develop such systems by considering agricultural production in South Africa that may be suitable – to pave the way forward for the implementation of appropriate agrivoltaic systems in the country. A Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis was undertaken, considering the solar resource and land with a slope of less than 2 degree – to minimise construction costs. Current large-scale solar projects in South Africa indicate that at least 0.6 GWh of electricity can be generated annually per hectare. The current total capacity (of all sources) generated around 237 TWh of electricity in 2022. To generate an equal amount of electricity with agrivoltaic systems would then (roughly) require less than 400 thousand hectares of agricultural land; or less than 2% of the available land suitable for agrivoltaic systems (depending on the designed panel density). Further site-specific techno-economic analyses are underway to provide greater insight into the potential opportunities for South Africa.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"24 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.52825/agripv.v2i.1016
Clémentine Inghels, P. Noirot-Cosson, Valentine Leroy, Thomas Kichey, Annie Guiller
The growing need for producing renewable energy such as photovoltaic electricity, and the mitigation of the increasing occurrences of heatwaves and drought affecting annual crops, could be addressed by the installation of agrivoltaic systems. Depending on pedoclimatic context, cultivated crop, solar panels technology and implementation configuration, solar panels shading can improve or reduce crop growth and yields. Among photovoltaic installations, solar trackers might have a high development potential. These photovoltaic panels are mounted on a vertical axis at a 7m height. Thanks to their height, their biaxial moving capacity, their small anchoring surface and their punctual structure making plants design easily adaptable to agricultural constraints, they can fit with all types of agricultural systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of such trackers on crop growth and yields. For this purpose, a set of 6 different fields crop located in western France were studied. Crop phenology, height and yield were investigated. Results showed a delay in crop development near the trackers that was overcome late in the crop cycle, near harvest. For crop height and crop yield, the results showed important spatial variability but without clear trend related to the tracker shadow. The results are discussed in the light of new perspectives, including the consideration of microclimatic and pedological data to better explore the effects of trackers on plant growth and development, the measurement of morphological and physiological traits of plants, the accounting of a multi-trackers effect implemented on the same site, the temporal dynamics of the effect of a tracker.
{"title":"An Approach to Assess the Impact of High Biaxial Photovoltaic Trackers on Crop Growth and Yield","authors":"Clémentine Inghels, P. Noirot-Cosson, Valentine Leroy, Thomas Kichey, Annie Guiller","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.1016","url":null,"abstract":"The growing need for producing renewable energy such as photovoltaic electricity, and the mitigation of the increasing occurrences of heatwaves and drought affecting annual crops, could be addressed by the installation of agrivoltaic systems. Depending on pedoclimatic context, cultivated crop, solar panels technology and implementation configuration, solar panels shading can improve or reduce crop growth and yields. Among photovoltaic installations, solar trackers might have a high development potential. These photovoltaic panels are mounted on a vertical axis at a 7m height. Thanks to their height, their biaxial moving capacity, their small anchoring surface and their punctual structure making plants design easily adaptable to agricultural constraints, they can fit with all types of agricultural systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of such trackers on crop growth and yields. For this purpose, a set of 6 different fields crop located in western France were studied. Crop phenology, height and yield were investigated. Results showed a delay in crop development near the trackers that was overcome late in the crop cycle, near harvest. For crop height and crop yield, the results showed important spatial variability but without clear trend related to the tracker shadow. The results are discussed in the light of new perspectives, including the consideration of microclimatic and pedological data to better explore the effects of trackers on plant growth and development, the measurement of morphological and physiological traits of plants, the accounting of a multi-trackers effect implemented on the same site, the temporal dynamics of the effect of a tracker.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"32 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.52825/agripv.v2i.1018
P. Noirot-Cosson, Ophélia Sipan, Benoit Pineau, Tanguy Riou
Open-air poultry farming is currently developing with the increasing society demand for livestock farming better considering animal welfare. Outside animal comfort and open-air runs exploration could be enhanced by shelters such as trees or photovoltaic (PV) structure. The aim of this study is to confirm previous results to evaluate (i) the microclimates generated under high punctual PV trackers, (ii) the effect on laying hens comfort, (iii) the use of panels shadow area by hens. In three experimental sites, microclimates were studied and laying hens were counted in a control area, under such PV tracker and under a tree. Results showed that PV trackers, as big trees, lowered summer soil and air temperatures, radiation and lightness, decreased the occurrences of stress situations for hens, and that more hens were counted under trackers than in a control area. These results may help for optimizing such agrivoltaïc system and the hens welfare by improving the open-air run design with PV structures and vegetation.
{"title":"A New Assessment of High Punctual Solar Trackers Effects on Poultry Welfare in Agrivoltaïc Open-Air Runs","authors":"P. Noirot-Cosson, Ophélia Sipan, Benoit Pineau, Tanguy Riou","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.1018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.1018","url":null,"abstract":"Open-air poultry farming is currently developing with the increasing society demand for livestock farming better considering animal welfare. Outside animal comfort and open-air runs exploration could be enhanced by shelters such as trees or photovoltaic (PV) structure. The aim of this study is to confirm previous results to evaluate (i) the microclimates generated under high punctual PV trackers, (ii) the effect on laying hens comfort, (iii) the use of panels shadow area by hens. In three experimental sites, microclimates were studied and laying hens were counted in a control area, under such PV tracker and under a tree. Results showed that PV trackers, as big trees, lowered summer soil and air temperatures, radiation and lightness, decreased the occurrences of stress situations for hens, and that more hens were counted under trackers than in a control area. These results may help for optimizing such agrivoltaïc system and the hens welfare by improving the open-air run design with PV structures and vegetation.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Gigant, Caroline Godard, Amira Guellim, Blandine Thuel, Stéphane Heraud
Agrivoltaic (AV) Systems are a new solution for cropping conditions improvement by mitigating extreme weather conditions. Indeed, AV Systems affect microclimate, notably Air Temperature, Irradiance or Evapotranspiration that determines Soil Water Availability. To evaluate crop water stress protection and ensure optimized AV Systems sizing, a methodology was developed using a microclimate simulation tool. This paper presents a case study of Wheat focused on Water Availability, from a project located near Orléans, Center France. The methodology uses Irradiance Simulations at crop level by AGRISOLEO software, which has been parameterized with the structures sizing under study and a panel steering algorithm adapted to wheat phenology. The results are used for evapotranspiration modelling following the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation. For this case study, results showed that AV Systems under test reduced irradiance up to 40%. This effect may be reduced up to 17% by controlling the panels rotation angle to maximize irradiance during crop’s key development stages. Furthermore, AV Systems reduced Water Stress up to 48%. Microclimate simulation tool demonstrated possibility to assess AV Systems sizing impact on irradiance received by crop and Water Stress protection. Moreover, controlling the solar panels at key development stages of the crop is the central lever in the synergy of dynamic AV Systems. The methodology presented here applies not only to Wheat but to a wider range of crops and climate conditions, hence opening promising perspectives to optimize AV systems sizing and agronomic benefits.
农业光伏（AV）系统是通过缓解极端天气条件来改善耕作条件的新解决方案。事实上，AV 系统会影响微气候，特别是决定土壤水分供应的气温、辐照度或蒸散量。为了评估作物水分胁迫保护情况并确保优化 AV 系统的大小，我们使用小气候模拟工具开发了一种方法。本文介绍了位于法国中部奥尔良附近的一个小麦案例研究，重点关注水分供应情况。该方法使用 AGRISOLEO 软件进行作物辐照度模拟，该软件已根据所研究的结构尺寸和适应小麦物候学的面板转向算法设置了参数。模拟结果按照 FAO-56 Penman-Monteith 方程用于蒸散模拟。本案例研究的结果表明，测试中的 AV 系统最多可减少 40% 的辐照度。在作物的关键生长阶段，通过控制面板旋转角度，使辐照度最大化，可将辐照度降低 17%。此外，AV 系统还可将水分压力降低 48%。小气候模拟工具显示，可以评估 AV 系统的大小对作物接受的辐照度和水胁迫保护的影响。此外，在作物的关键生长阶段控制太阳能电池板是动态视听系统协同作用的核心杠杆。本文介绍的方法不仅适用于小麦，还适用于更广泛的作物和气候条件，从而为优化视听系统的大小和农艺效益开辟了广阔的前景。
{"title":"Case Study of Impact Evaluation of Agrivoltaic Structure Sizing on Water Availability for Wheat","authors":"Paul Gigant, Caroline Godard, Amira Guellim, Blandine Thuel, Stéphane Heraud","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.983","url":null,"abstract":"Agrivoltaic (AV) Systems are a new solution for cropping conditions improvement by mitigating extreme weather conditions. Indeed, AV Systems affect microclimate, notably Air Temperature, Irradiance or Evapotranspiration that determines Soil Water Availability. To evaluate crop water stress protection and ensure optimized AV Systems sizing, a methodology was developed using a microclimate simulation tool. This paper presents a case study of Wheat focused on Water Availability, from a project located near Orléans, Center France. The methodology uses Irradiance Simulations at crop level by AGRISOLEO software, which has been parameterized with the structures sizing under study and a panel steering algorithm adapted to wheat phenology. The results are used for evapotranspiration modelling following the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation. For this case study, results showed that AV Systems under test reduced irradiance up to 40%. This effect may be reduced up to 17% by controlling the panels rotation angle to maximize irradiance during crop’s key development stages. Furthermore, AV Systems reduced Water Stress up to 48%. Microclimate simulation tool demonstrated possibility to assess AV Systems sizing impact on irradiance received by crop and Water Stress protection. Moreover, controlling the solar panels at key development stages of the crop is the central lever in the synergy of dynamic AV Systems. The methodology presented here applies not only to Wheat but to a wider range of crops and climate conditions, hence opening promising perspectives to optimize AV systems sizing and agronomic benefits.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"30 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.52825/agripv.v2i.1033
David Jung, Frederik Schönberger, Fabian Spera
Chilean agriculture must adapt to climate change as droughts are already affecting the country and water availability is expected to further decline. In this context, Agrivoltaics (AV) systems, that install photovoltaic (PV) panels over crops and thus provide shading and an altered microclimate could enhance the resilience of agriculture in semi-arid zones. We compare data measured under an AV system with a reference measurement to quantify the effects of AV on microclimate in horticulture in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile. Data on irradiation, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed allow us to compute potential evapotranspiration (PET). We observe a reduction of Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) under the AV system of 42%. Mainly, as a result of the decreased GHI, we derive a diminution in PET of 31%, quantifying the potential to lower the water demand of crops and thus irrigation. Measured soil moisture is on average 29% higher under the AV system compared to the reference condition, hence validating PET computations. Also, we find a more moderate climate with slightly stabilized air temperature and lower soil temperatures. Our results give a glimpse of the effects of installing PV panels over horticulture crops concerning the challenges of Chilean agriculture. AV systems have the potential to increase water availability by lowering irrigation demand and protecting crops from the effects of extreme irradiation, such as sunburn and heat stress. Thus, AV could foster the transformation of agriculture towards sustainable production systems. The documented effects should be verified over longer periods with different crops to understand the impact of AV within seasonal and interannual climatical variation and the diversity of Chilean agriculture.
智利农业必须适应气候变化，因为干旱已经影响到该国，而且预计供水量将进一步下降。在这种情况下，农业光伏（AV）系统可在作物上方安装光伏板，从而提供遮阳并改变小气候，从而提高半干旱地区农业的适应能力。我们比较了在反向遮阳系统下测量的数据和参考测量数据，以量化反向遮阳对智利圣地亚哥大都会地区园艺业小气候的影响。通过辐照、气温、湿度和风速数据，我们可以计算潜在蒸散量（PET）。我们观察到，在视听系统下，全球水平辐照（GHI）减少了 42%。主要由于全球水平辐照度的降低，我们推算出潜在蒸散量减少了 31%，从而量化了降低作物需水量和灌溉的潜力。与参考条件相比，在视听系统下测量到的土壤湿度平均高出 29%，从而验证了 PET 的计算结果。此外，我们还发现气候更加温和，气温略微稳定，土壤温度较低。我们的研究结果让我们看到了在园艺作物上安装光伏电池板的效果，这也是智利农业面临的挑战。视听系统有可能通过降低灌溉需求和保护作物免受极端辐照的影响（如日灼和热应力）来提高水资源的可用性。因此，反车辆可以促进农业向可持续生产系统转变。记录的效果应在不同作物的更长时期内加以验证，以了解反车辆影响在季节性和年际性气候变异以及智利农业多样性方面的影响。
{"title":"Effects of Agrivoltaics on the Microclimate in Horticulture","authors":"David Jung, Frederik Schönberger, Fabian Spera","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.1033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.1033","url":null,"abstract":"Chilean agriculture must adapt to climate change as droughts are already affecting the country and water availability is expected to further decline. In this context, Agrivoltaics (AV) systems, that install photovoltaic (PV) panels over crops and thus provide shading and an altered microclimate could enhance the resilience of agriculture in semi-arid zones. We compare data measured under an AV system with a reference measurement to quantify the effects of AV on microclimate in horticulture in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile. Data on irradiation, air temperature, air humidity, and wind speed allow us to compute potential evapotranspiration (PET). We observe a reduction of Global Horizontal Irradiation (GHI) under the AV system of 42%. Mainly, as a result of the decreased GHI, we derive a diminution in PET of 31%, quantifying the potential to lower the water demand of crops and thus irrigation. Measured soil moisture is on average 29% higher under the AV system compared to the reference condition, hence validating PET computations. Also, we find a more moderate climate with slightly stabilized air temperature and lower soil temperatures. Our results give a glimpse of the effects of installing PV panels over horticulture crops concerning the challenges of Chilean agriculture. AV systems have the potential to increase water availability by lowering irrigation demand and protecting crops from the effects of extreme irradiation, such as sunburn and heat stress. Thus, AV could foster the transformation of agriculture towards sustainable production systems. The documented effects should be verified over longer periods with different crops to understand the impact of AV within seasonal and interannual climatical variation and the diversity of Chilean agriculture.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"27 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Japan is a pioneer in agrivoltaics with over twenty years of practical experience and already 3,474 permitted projects by 2020. Agrivoltaics can potentially help to solve pressing societal challenges, such as decarbonization, rural revitalization, food and energy security, and disaster resiliency in a country with very limited suitable land. Nevertheless, agrivoltaics remains a niche technology even twenty years after its first implementation. This study analyzes the socio-technical dynamics to identify the barriers and opportunities for agrivoltaics in Japan. The analysis of governmental documents, statistical data, and academic publications in combination with expert interviews with farmers, a business operator, and governmental officials show that the lack of a clear vision for agrivoltaics by the government, persistent legal barriers, insufficient research, declining economic incentives, and cultural resistance hinder a faster diffusion of agrivoltaics in Japan.
{"title":"The Socio-Technical Dynamics of Agrivoltaics in Japan","authors":"Christian Doedt, Makoto Tajima, Tetsunari Iida","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.990","url":null,"abstract":"Japan is a pioneer in agrivoltaics with over twenty years of practical experience and already 3,474 permitted projects by 2020. Agrivoltaics can potentially help to solve pressing societal challenges, such as decarbonization, rural revitalization, food and energy security, and disaster resiliency in a country with very limited suitable land. Nevertheless, agrivoltaics remains a niche technology even twenty years after its first implementation. This study analyzes the socio-technical dynamics to identify the barriers and opportunities for agrivoltaics in Japan. The analysis of governmental documents, statistical data, and academic publications in combination with expert interviews with farmers, a business operator, and governmental officials show that the lack of a clear vision for agrivoltaics by the government, persistent legal barriers, insufficient research, declining economic incentives, and cultural resistance hinder a faster diffusion of agrivoltaics in Japan.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"25 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Altyeb Ali Abaker Omer, Wen Liu, Ming Li, Fangcai Chen, Wenjun Liu, J. Ingenhoff, Liulu Fan, Fangxin Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Jianan Zheng, Zhisen Zhang
In agrivoltaic (APV), photovoltaic (PV) panels are positioned above farmland to produce energy and food simultaneously. However, PV panels above farmland block most sunlight from reaching plants for photosynthesis. Plants require sunlight for photosynthesis. We proposed Spectrum-splitting and Concentrated APV (SCAPV) to address contradictions between photosynthesis and energy production simultaneously. This study examines the effect of SCAPV on the evapotranspiration and growth of peanuts and soybeans. Peanuts and soybeans were planted under SCAPV and open-air (CK) treatments, and a weather station was placed in each treatment. Results showed that evapotranspiration under SCAPV significantly decreased by 31% compared to CK. Thus, it improved physiological characterization, enhanced quality, and increased the yield of peanuts and soybeans. Peanuts' protein, fat, and linoleic acid increased by 5.54%, 0.28%, and 1.14% under SCAPV compared to CK. Fat, soluble sugar, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid of soybean were increased by 6.75%, 15.24%, 13.72%, and 15.14%, respectively, under SCAPV compared to CK. The average land equivalent ratio of SCAPV is 1.7. We trust that SCAPV could provide food and energy while reducing irritation on the same farmland.
{"title":"SCAPV Creates the Possibility of Less Irrigation and Higher Productivity","authors":"Altyeb Ali Abaker Omer, Wen Liu, Ming Li, Fangcai Chen, Wenjun Liu, J. Ingenhoff, Liulu Fan, Fangxin Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Jianan Zheng, Zhisen Zhang","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.981","url":null,"abstract":"In agrivoltaic (APV), photovoltaic (PV) panels are positioned above farmland to produce energy and food simultaneously. However, PV panels above farmland block most sunlight from reaching plants for photosynthesis. Plants require sunlight for photosynthesis. We proposed Spectrum-splitting and Concentrated APV (SCAPV) to address contradictions between photosynthesis and energy production simultaneously. This study examines the effect of SCAPV on the evapotranspiration and growth of peanuts and soybeans. Peanuts and soybeans were planted under SCAPV and open-air (CK) treatments, and a weather station was placed in each treatment. Results showed that evapotranspiration under SCAPV significantly decreased by 31% compared to CK. Thus, it improved physiological characterization, enhanced quality, and increased the yield of peanuts and soybeans. Peanuts' protein, fat, and linoleic acid increased by 5.54%, 0.28%, and 1.14% under SCAPV compared to CK. Fat, soluble sugar, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid of soybean were increased by 6.75%, 15.24%, 13.72%, and 15.14%, respectively, under SCAPV compared to CK. The average land equivalent ratio of SCAPV is 1.7. We trust that SCAPV could provide food and energy while reducing irritation on the same farmland.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"104 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141105864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to quantify to what extent the electricity production of two types of agrivoltaics installations (fixed vertical bifacial and horizontal single axis tracker) is affected by the installation of different ground cloths. In order to assess the potential benefits of the use of these cloths, a series of ray-tracing simulations and an extensive measurement campaign were conducted. For the fixed vertical bifacial system, the simulations showed that the white ground cloth should result in an average increase in incident irradiance of about 8% for simulated periods occurring in both March (+8.2%) and June (+7.3%). However, measurements on the vertical bifacial setup over a period of 5.5 months indicated that no measurable differences occurred between the different ground covers. Measurements on the tracker setup did show a clear measurable difference with an average increase of 25% in cumulative rear incident irradiance, also resulting in an increase in revenues, for the tracker with the white ground cloth compared to the reference tracker.
{"title":"Influence of the Albedo on Agrivoltaics Electricity Production","authors":"Cas Lavaert, B. Willockx, Jan Cappelle","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.993","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to quantify to what extent the electricity production of two types of agrivoltaics installations (fixed vertical bifacial and horizontal single axis tracker) is affected by the installation of different ground cloths. In order to assess the potential benefits of the use of these cloths, a series of ray-tracing simulations and an extensive measurement campaign were conducted. For the fixed vertical bifacial system, the simulations showed that the white ground cloth should result in an average increase in incident irradiance of about 8% for simulated periods occurring in both March (+8.2%) and June (+7.3%). However, measurements on the vertical bifacial setup over a period of 5.5 months indicated that no measurable differences occurred between the different ground covers. Measurements on the tracker setup did show a clear measurable difference with an average increase of 25% in cumulative rear incident irradiance, also resulting in an increase in revenues, for the tracker with the white ground cloth compared to the reference tracker.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"115 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Several challenges in planning, construction, and farming practices hinder the optimization of agrivoltaic systems (AS) and the achievement of optimal crop production. This paper identifies and addresses these issues while presenting initial solutions. One specific type of AS involves vertically mounted panels on arable or grassland sites. The installation of panel rows divides large fields into narrow units, restricting the use of farming implements with different working widths. Implement widths must align with the spacing between panel rows, which often results in residual strips or overlapping issues when field operations are carried out. Furthermore, boundary effects in AS are more pronounced, impacting yield along field borders. The presence of panel rows also complicates driving operations, requiring reduced speeds and posing collision risks between implements and panels. Soil compaction during AS construction, microclimate variations, and panel contamination by dust, or spray drift deposits further affect plant growth and solar system performance. Initial solutions are proposed to address these challenges. These include careful planning of row spacing based on the working widths of critical implements such as combines, adoption of field sprayers with foldable booms, consideration of pneumatic fertilizer spreaders, and integration of precision farming techniques to manage variability within AS. Additionally, the use of construction machinery with low soil pressure, employment of steering technologies based on global navigation satellite systems, and research on panel cleaning devices are suggested. Overall, this paper highlights the need for further research and development to overcome farming challenges in agrivoltaic systems with vertically mounted panels.
规划、建设和耕作实践方面的一些挑战阻碍了农业光伏系统（AS）的优化和作物产量的优化。本文指出并解决了这些问题，同时提出了初步的解决方案。一种特殊类型的光伏系统是在可耕地或草地上垂直安装电池板。面板行的安装将大块田地分割成狭窄的单元，限制了不同工作宽度的农机具的使用。机具的宽度必须与面板行之间的间距一致，这往往会导致田间作业时出现残留带或重叠问题。此外，AS 的边界效应更加明显，影响了田间边界的产量。面板行的存在也使驾驶操作复杂化，需要降低车速，并带来机具与面板碰撞的风险。AS 建造过程中的土壤压实、小气候变化以及灰尘或喷雾漂移沉积物对面板的污染都会进一步影响植物生长和太阳能系统的性能。本文提出了应对这些挑战的初步解决方案。其中包括根据联合收割机等关键机具的工作宽度仔细规划行距，采用带可折叠吊杆的田间喷洒器，考虑使用气动肥料撒布器，以及整合精准农业技术以管理 AS 内的变化。此外，还建议使用土壤压力低的工程机械，采用基于全球卫星导航系统的转向技术，以及研究面板清洁装置。总之，本文强调了进一步研究和开发的必要性，以克服垂直安装电池板的农业光伏系统所面临的耕作挑战。
{"title":"Challenges in the Planning, Construction and Farming Practices in Agrivoltaic Systems With Vertically Mounted Panels","authors":"Karl Wild, John Schueller","doi":"10.52825/agripv.v2i.980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/agripv.v2i.980","url":null,"abstract":"Several challenges in planning, construction, and farming practices hinder the optimization of agrivoltaic systems (AS) and the achievement of optimal crop production. This paper identifies and addresses these issues while presenting initial solutions. One specific type of AS involves vertically mounted panels on arable or grassland sites. The installation of panel rows divides large fields into narrow units, restricting the use of farming implements with different working widths. Implement widths must align with the spacing between panel rows, which often results in residual strips or overlapping issues when field operations are carried out. Furthermore, boundary effects in AS are more pronounced, impacting yield along field borders. The presence of panel rows also complicates driving operations, requiring reduced speeds and posing collision risks between implements and panels. Soil compaction during AS construction, microclimate variations, and panel contamination by dust, or spray drift deposits further affect plant growth and solar system performance. Initial solutions are proposed to address these challenges. These include careful planning of row spacing based on the working widths of critical implements such as combines, adoption of field sprayers with foldable booms, consideration of pneumatic fertilizer spreaders, and integration of precision farming techniques to manage variability within AS. Additionally, the use of construction machinery with low soil pressure, employment of steering technologies based on global navigation satellite systems, and research on panel cleaning devices are suggested. Overall, this paper highlights the need for further research and development to overcome farming challenges in agrivoltaic systems with vertically mounted panels.","PeriodicalId":517222,"journal":{"name":"AgriVoltaics Conference Proceedings","volume":"32 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141104313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：