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Ke mosali oa Mosotho : reflecting on indigenous conceptions of womanhood in Lesotho Ke mosali oa Mosotho:反思莱索托土著女性观念
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-11-12 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2280407
Neo Mohlabane
ABSTRACTThis paper challenges the invisibilisation and silencing of indigenous conceptions of womanhood in feminist scholarly work. It argues that “Mosotho woman,” as we know it today, is a colonial construct for it is located within and fixed to hetero-patriarchal binarised hierarchies. It further argues for the reflection on historical narratives of women the likes of ‘Manthatisi of the Batlokoa as exceptional representations of precolonial conceptions of womanhood in Lesotho. As we interrogate the current invocations of “woman” in Lesotho, we ought to use these herstories as springboards to understand the silenced indigenous conceptions of bosali (womanhoods) that are not only complex but multifarious and beyond the confines of binarised hetero-patriarchal constructions. Drawing on the narrated life stories of 20 “never-married” women – methepa – the paper discusses boithlompho (self-respect), mosali oa ‘mankhonthe (perseverance), sexual empowerment, and botho (personhood) as underpinning the indigenous definitions of bosali. This paper argues for retrieval, elevation, and continuation of indigenous languages, rituals, and spaces as sources of knowledge and theory on womanhoods in local contexts.KEYWORDS: WomanhoodsexualityindigenoushistoriographyLesothodecolonial African feminism Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. The Beauvoirean scholarship refers to second wave feminisms in Europe and America. This scholarship critiques the patriarchal construction of womanhood and its limitation to specific attributes which ultimately inform and justify the relegation of women to an inferior position compared to men in society.2. Whilst this scholarship usefully presents a contradictory theoretical stance against universalist, Eurocentric conceptions of identity, including womanhood, its major weakness is its tendency of essentialising African womanhood to motherhood and romanticising African women’s power (Bakare-Yusuf Citation2003) in ways that problematically disregard women’s realities in contemporary African societies. In particular, the tendency to essentialise motherhood – as the bedrock of African womanhood and African women’s power – marks this conception as exclusionary of those women who are not mothers. Further, in speaking of female, maternal power, this conception is exclusionary of hetero-patriarchally marginalised groups such as transgender women.3. Basali ba Basotho is the plural of mosali oa Mosotho and it is directly translated as women of the Basotho. I opted not to use “Mosotho woman” or Basotho women because this is a misuse of Sesotho nouns as English adjectives. In furthering the decolonial break that this paper is making, I was cautious not to continue this colonial misuse of Sesotho words. Instead, I use women in Lesotho to refer to women generally and methepa to refer to the participants of this study. Notable is the different orthography of Sesotho written in Lesotho compa
摘要本文对女性主义学术研究中固有的女性概念的隐蔽性和沉默性提出了挑战。它认为,正如我们今天所知,“莫索托妇女”是一种殖民结构,因为它位于并固定于异性恋-父权二元等级制度中。它进一步主张对女性的历史叙述进行反思,如“Batlokoa的Manthatisi”,作为莱索托前殖民时期女性概念的特殊代表。当我们质问莱索托目前对“女人”的称呼时,我们应该以这些她的故事为跳板,来理解被沉默的土著对bosali(女性身份)的概念,这些概念不仅复杂,而且多种多样,超出了二元异性恋-父权结构的限制。本文以20位“未婚”女性(methepa)的生活故事为基础,讨论了boithlompho(自尊)、mosali oa ' mankhonthe(毅力)、性赋权和botho(人格)等原住民对bosali的定义。本文主张在当地语境中,对土著语言、仪式和空间作为女性知识和理论的来源进行检索、提升和延续。关键词:女性性行为土著史学非殖民化非洲女性主义披露声明作者未报告潜在利益冲突。波伏瓦学派是指欧美的第二次女权主义浪潮。这种学术批判了男权对女性的建构及其对特定属性的限制,这些属性最终告知并证明了女性在社会中与男性相比处于劣势地位。虽然这种学术有效地提出了一种反对普遍主义的、以欧洲为中心的身份概念(包括女性身份)的矛盾的理论立场,但它的主要弱点是它倾向于将非洲女性本质化为母性,并将非洲女性的力量浪漫化(Bakare-Yusuf Citation2003),这种方式有问题地忽视了当代非洲社会中女性的现实。特别是,将母性本质化的倾向- -作为非洲妇女身份和非洲妇女力量的基石- -标志着这种观念排斥那些不是母亲的妇女。此外,在谈到女性母性权力时,这一概念排除了异性父权制下的边缘群体,如变性妇女。Basali ba Basotho是mosali oa Mosotho的复数,它被直接翻译为巴索托的女性。我选择不使用“Mosotho woman”或“Basotho women”,因为这是对Sesotho名词作为英语形容词的误用。为了进一步打破这篇文章的非殖民化,我小心翼翼地避免继续这种对塞索托词汇的殖民式滥用。相反,我用莱索托的妇女来指代一般的妇女,用methepa来指代本研究的参与者。值得注意的是,莱索托与南非的拼法不同,例如mosali和mosadi——后者用di代替li,但意思保持不变。在本文中,我使用莱索托正字法对所有的莱索托概念。所有的伦理研究原则都被遵守和坚持。2017年5月获得比勒陀利亚大学研究伦理委员会的伦理许可(参考编号:04381734-GW20170412HS)。Letekatse是matekkatse的单数形式。Hlonipha是恩古尼语,指的是尊重,塞索托语的对应词是hlonepha。Hlonepha是动词,hlonepho是名词。Mankhonthe比“real”或“authentic”有更深的含义。相反,它包含了一系列方面,比如韧性、力量、尊重、社区建设等等。由于找不到更好的词来形容,我只好用“真实的”或“真实的”来形容。值得注意的是,这个习语对婚姻关系有更深的含义,特别是,它承认夫妻可能会吵架,但在与双方家人讨论之前,没有人能终止婚姻。传统上,婚姻是两个家庭之间的关系而不是个人之间的关系。虽然“离婚”这个成语的性别含义不可否认,但它也强调了在离婚前双方共同讨论解决问题的必要性。“强大的黑人女性”的概念与强调力量的被奴役黑人女性的历史记载有关。因为她们被认为是财产,并且作为强壮的,被奴役的妇女受到残酷的条件,并且为了加强经济生产力,她们的生育率被奴隶主控制以增加劳动力(Collins Citation2004)。在种族歧视和性别歧视的美国社会,这种刻板印象继续塑造着黑人女性的观念,黑人女性在任何时候都被期望体现出力量和毅力。 关于“思想殖民化”的讨论值得一提,因为它对莱索托异性父权、基督教化的女性观念的根深蒂固和正常化具有重要意义。对这些问题的更深层次的反思与论文中提出的论点有关,然而,这一讨论值得另一篇即将发表的论文。作者简介:neo Mohlabane是比勒陀利亚大学社会学系的讲师。她拥有比勒陀利亚大学公共卫生硕士学位和社会学博士学位。她的专业是性别研究,她的研究兴趣在于对妇女和女孩的暴力行为,非洲女性主义,青少年和青年性行为,交叉性和非殖民化非洲女性主义等领域。
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引用次数: 0
Strategic protest and the negotiation of legibility in Cape Town: a case study of Reclaim the City 开普敦的策略抗议与易读性谈判:以“改造城市”为例
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2265598
Matthew Michael Wingfield
ABSTRACTThe forms of protest and the related tactics that structure them are often linked to a deliberate logic of disruption and contestation. From pickets aiming to impede foot traffic in public spaces, to more “spectacular” forms of protest such as setting public property alight, these decisions are often far from the spontaneous acts of “violence” that they are depicted as by various news agencies and similarly aligned public officials. Using the example of a social movement based in Cape Town, South Africa, named Reclaim the City, this article thinks through different forms of protest, and how they are leveraged and perceived by a range of actors. By framing this discussion through James Scott’s (1998) work on legibility, this paper argues that social movements and similarly composed groups strategically navigate the process of being made legible by the state at different points for various reasons.KEYWORDS: Legibilityactivismslow activismhousingprotest Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. An “escrache” is a form of public protest that is aimed at “harassing” [sic], or rather influencing, public figures (Lunn Citation2013).Additional informationFundingThis work is based on the research supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Innovation and National Research Foundation of South Africa [Grant 98765].Notes on contributorsMatthew Michael WingfieldMatthew Michael Wingfield is a postdoctoral fellow at Stellenbosch University (under the SARChI Chair for Land, Environment, and Sustainable Development), the same institution where he received his PhD in 2022. His research and publication record spans the focus of spatial and environmental justice, with a particular underpinning of working-class alternatives and grassroots-founded futures.
【摘要】抗议的形式和构成抗议的相关策略往往与蓄意破坏和争论的逻辑联系在一起。从旨在阻碍公共场所行人通行的纠察,到更“壮观”的抗议形式,如点燃公共财产,这些决定往往与各种新闻机构和类似的政府官员所描述的自发的“暴力”行为相去甚远。本文以南非开普敦一场名为“夺回城市”(Reclaim the City)的社会运动为例,分析了不同形式的抗议,以及各种行动者如何利用和理解这些抗议。通过詹姆斯·斯科特(James Scott, 1998)关于易读性的研究,本文认为社会运动和类似组成的群体出于各种原因,在不同的点上战略性地引导着国家使其易读的过程。关键词:易读性、活动主义、缓慢活动主义、住房抗议披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。“escrache”是一种旨在“骚扰”或影响公众人物的公共抗议形式(Lunn Citation2013)。本工作基于南非科学与创新部南非研究主席计划和南非国家研究基金会[Grant 98765]支持的研究。马修·迈克尔·温菲尔德(matthew Michael Wingfield)是斯泰伦博斯大学(SARChI土地、环境和可持续发展主席)的博士后,他于2022年在同一所大学获得博士学位。他的研究和出版记录涵盖了空间和环境正义的焦点,特别支持工人阶级的替代方案和基层建立的未来。
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引用次数: 0
Rituals, family connections, and BoRakgadi 仪式,家庭关系,还有博拉卡迪
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2269759
Grace Khunou
ABSTRACTAfrican feminists and decolonial scholars have shown the importance of centring African socio-cultural context in our study of African societies. This includes the signifying of African languages, rituals, and roles of individual members at different times and places. They argue and have provided evidence to illustrate how not doing so can be detrimental to our analysis. To illustrate the significance of reading African socio-cultural contexts as a text for understanding these societies, this article examines how ritual in relation to the role of BoRakgadi (paternal aunts) in African societies foregrounds the idea of women as important players in these communities and families. To foreground this argument, the article provides a brief literature overview on rituals to show its significance in building societal connections and belonging. The article then goes on to illustrate how the multiple roles played by BoRakgadi in family and societal rituals provide a lens into how African women have and continue to have a vital role in communities and families. In conclusion, this article illustrates how using gender as a lens should not take away from the context-specific ways it acts in various times and places, but rather it should be used as a lens to unbundle these particularities.KEYWORDS: RitualAfrican womenfamilyBoRakgadi Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Father’s younger brother.2. Father’s older brother.3. People in IsiZulu.4. Humanity in IsiZulu.5. Paternal aunts. Bo implies multiple. This is father’s sisters and is also used in reference to father’s female cousins. The husband to the father’s sister is also referred to as Rakgadi, suggesting that the roles and obligations of the Rakgadi are automatically imbued to the husband on marriage.6. Paternal aunt or father’s sister in SeTswana, SeSotho and SePedi, singular.7. Paternal aunt or father's sister in ShiVenda.8. Singular Person in IsiZulu.9. Kgotla is a gathering of a community to discuss community issues, to deal with infractions of shared laws and to offer solutions? In some contexts, Kgotla is defined in similar terms as a court of law, it is the highest institution for creating and maintaining order in a community.10. Singular person in SeSotho/SeTswana.Additional informationNotes on contributorsGrace KhunouGrace Khunou is a professor and currently Director Scholarship Change in the Department of Leadership and Transformation, Unisa. She engages in research with a focus on the Black condition. She writes creatively and academically and has published numerous articles and book chapters in national and international publications. Her Google Scholar citation index is currently 15 with over 700 citations. She has supervised over 40 research students and was awarded the post-graduate teacher award of the year (2020).
摘要非洲女权主义者和非殖民化学者已经表明了将非洲社会文化背景作为我们研究非洲社会的中心的重要性。这包括非洲语言的意义,仪式,以及不同时间和地点的个体成员的角色。他们争论并提供了证据来说明不这样做如何对我们的分析有害。为了说明阅读非洲社会文化背景作为理解这些社会的文本的重要性,本文研究了与BoRakgadi(父亲阿姨)在非洲社会中的角色相关的仪式如何突出了妇女在这些社区和家庭中的重要角色。为了突出这一论点,本文提供了关于仪式的简要文献综述,以显示其在建立社会联系和归属感方面的重要性。文章接着阐述了BoRakgadi在家庭和社会仪式中扮演的多重角色,为非洲妇女如何在社区和家庭中扮演重要角色提供了一个视角。总之,这篇文章说明了如何使用性别作为一个镜头,不应该剥夺它在不同时间和地点的特定情境的行为方式,而是应该使用它作为一个镜头来解开这些特殊性。关键词:仪式、非洲妇女、家庭、borakgadi披露声明作者未发现潜在的利益冲突。父亲的弟弟。父亲的哥哥。isizulu的人。isizulu中的人类。父亲的阿姨。Bo表示倍数。这是父亲的姐妹,也用于指代父亲的女表亲。父亲的妹妹的丈夫也被称为Rakgadi,这表明Rakgadi的角色和义务在婚姻中自动灌输给丈夫。在茨瓦纳语、塞索托语和塞佩迪语中,父亲的姑姑或父亲的妹妹,单数。在shivenda的父亲的姑姑或父亲的妹妹。isizulu中的单数。Kgotla是一个社区聚会,讨论社区问题,处理违反共同法律的行为,并提供解决方案。在某些情况下,Kgotla的定义与法院类似,它是在一个社区中创造和维持秩序的最高机构。塞索托/茨瓦纳语中的单数。格蕾丝·库努格蕾丝·库努是一名教授,现任领导与转型系奖学金变化主任。她从事的研究重点是黑人的状况。她的写作具有创造性和学术性,并在国内和国际出版物上发表了大量文章和书籍章节。她的谷歌学术引文索引目前为15,引用超过700次。她指导了40多名研究生,并被授予年度(2020年)研究生教师奖。
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引用次数: 0
Intellectual decolonisation and the danger of epistemic closure: the need for a critical decolonial theory 知识的非殖民化和知识封闭的危险:需要一个批判的非殖民化理论
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2267772
Helen-Mary Cawood, Mark Jacob Amiradakis
ABSTRACTThis paper draws from the paradigm of Critical Theory (CT) and Decolonial Theory to engage in an introductory discussion on the need for a new methodological paradigm, namely a Critical Decolonial Theory. This is put forward in order to both argue for the imperative of introducing multiple narratives to the philosophical practice of contemporary social critique in South Africa, as well as to provide a cautionary note relating to how the decolonisation narrative itself could become a determinative ideology if it engages in what Lewis Gordon terms “epistemic closure.” While operating from within the framework and ideals of traditional CT and Amy Allen’s subsequent contribution to decolonising CT, we draw specifically from black practitioners of this critical philosophical tradition, namely Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, Frantz Fanon, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Paulin Hountondji, and Achille Mbembe, in order to localise and ground our discussion of the need to problematise (i.e., consider both vindicatory and subversive aspects of) the decolonisation project.KEYWORDS: Critical decolonial theoryepistemic closuredecolonisationproblematising genealogy Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. This critical methodology will be expanded upon in subsequent works. This article serves primarily as an introductory discussion regarding what the authors consider is a necessary addition to the decolonisation debate.2. This is what Adichie (Citation2009) refers to as a “single story” or an overly-narrow epistemic engagement with Africanness – whether in an existential sense or in the attempt to demarcate what is “African” in “African Philosophy.”3. It is in this regard that we draw from Bohman’s (Citation2021) distinction between “Critical Theory” (CT) and “critical theory,” in which he indicates that CT has both a narrow and a broad meaning. Bohman (Citation2021, n.p.) writes: “In the narrow sense, CT designates several generations of German philosophers and social theorists associated with the Frankfurt School. Furthermore, a ‘critical’ theory may be distinguished from a ‘traditional’ theory in relation to a specific practical purpose: a theory is critical to the extent that it seeks human ‘emancipation from slavery’, acts as a ‘liberating … influence’, and works ‘to create a world which satisfies the needs and powers’ of human beings (Horkheimer [Citation1937] Citation1972, 246). As such, many ‘critical theories’ in the broader sense have subsequently been developed. In both the broad and the narrow senses, a critical theory aims to provide the descriptive and normative bases for social inquiry aimed at decreasing domination and increasing freedom in all their forms. Thus, while CT is often thought of narrowly as referring to the Frankfurt School that begins with Horkheimer and Adorno, it can also be argued that any philosophical approach with similar practical aims could be called a ‘critical theory’.”4. This poin
摘要本文从批判理论(CT)和非殖民化理论的范式出发,对一种新的方法论范式即批判非殖民化理论的必要性进行了初步探讨。提出这一观点,既是为了论证在南非当代社会批判的哲学实践中引入多重叙事的必要性,也是为了提供一个关于非殖民化叙事本身如何成为决定性意识形态的警示,如果它参与刘易斯·戈登所说的“认知封闭”。在传统CT的框架和理想以及Amy Allen随后对非殖民化CT的贡献的基础上,我们特别从这一批判哲学传统的黑人实践者,即Ngũgĩ wa Thiong 'o, Frantz Fanon, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Paulin Hountondji和Achille Mbembe中吸取经验,以便本地化和基础我们对非殖民化项目问题化(即考虑辩护和颠覆的两个方面)的必要性的讨论。关键词:批判非殖民化理论;流行病封闭;非殖民化;这种批判的方法论将在以后的著作中加以扩展。这篇文章主要是作为一个介绍性的讨论,关于作者认为非殖民化辩论的必要补充。这就是Adichie (Citation2009)所说的“单一故事”或对非洲性过于狭隘的认知参与——无论是在存在主义意义上,还是试图在“非洲哲学”中划分什么是“非洲”。正是在这方面,我们从Bohman (Citation2021)对“批判理论”(CT)和“批判理论”的区分中得出结论,他指出CT既有狭义的含义,也有广义的含义。Bohman (Citation2021, n.p)写道:“狭义上,CT指的是与法兰克福学派相关的几代德国哲学家和社会理论家。此外,在特定的实践目的方面,“批判”理论可以与“传统”理论区分开来:理论的批判程度在于它寻求人类“从奴隶制中解放出来”,发挥“解放的……影响”的作用,并致力于“创造一个满足人类需求和力量的世界”(霍克海默[Citation1937] Citation1972, 246)。因此,许多更广泛意义上的“批判理论”随后得到了发展。在广义和狭义上,批判理论旨在为旨在减少各种形式的统治和增加自由的社会调查提供描述性和规范性的基础。因此,虽然CT通常被认为是狭义地指以霍克海默和阿多诺开始的法兰克福学派,但也可以认为,任何具有类似实践目标的哲学方法都可以被称为“批判理论”。这一点在霍克海默和阿多诺的开创性著作《启蒙辩证法》中得到了明确的强调和强调。这些观点在2009年的TED演讲中得到了阐述(Adichie Citation2009)。重要的是,读者要注意,从本研究的角度来看,Adichie对“单一故事”的描述,它指的是对自我或他者的单一叙事的采用和内化,以及认知封闭,根据Hountondji (Citation1996, x)的说法,这可能会“强化一种虚幻的信念,即某种不可阻挡的命运将他或她(在这种情况下是非洲人)永远压垮”(1996,x)。根据wa Thiong 'o的说法,精神统治和殖民是通过语言统治(即语言作为交流和语言作为话语)发生的。与《黑皮白面具》中的法农一样,他认为,通过语言的统治导致土著儿童对自然和社会环境的强烈分离感(wa Thiong 'o citation2005,17)。这种分离感- -也被称为“殖民异化”的情况- -然后由于从主要以欧洲为中心的观点来教授历史、地理、音乐和其他科目而进一步增强和加强,在这些观点中,殖民理想被视为既构成成就的标准,又构成宇宙的中心。虽然这是一个有争议的主张,在本研究中不会详细阐述,但重要的是要注意到法农的主张与阿迪奇和瓦·廷奥关于语言的重要性及其与非殖民化辩论中文化关系的陈述是如何产生强烈共鸣的。
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引用次数: 0
Why recognition? Deciphering justice claims in 2016 Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon 为什么认可?解读2016年喀麦隆英语国家危机中的司法诉求
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2267767
Nancy Ngum Achu, Assel Tutumlu
ABSTRACTScholars attribute the 2016 Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon to systematic marginalisation of the English-speaking minority whose rights are constitutionally guaranteed but remain violated. However, marginalisation fails to explain why the peaceful-Independent Anglophone Elites (IAEs), consisting of lawyers, teachers, civil society organisations and Anglophone associations at home and abroad, who stood behind the 2016 Crisis, refused to bolster claims over economic redistribution or political representation. Instead, in 2016 they chose to engage in the struggle for self-determination and recognition of the Anglophone identity. Through Nancy Fraser's identity model and in-depth interviews with IAEs, we show that they perceived the recognition claim and a return to a federal state as a guarantee not only to the survival of the IAEs, but also to the solution of other forms of injustices, such as misrepresentation, misrecognition, and maldistribution.KEYWORDS: Anglophone Crisisindependent Anglophone elitesFraser’s social justicerecognitionredistributionrepresentation, Cameroon Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).List of interviewees1. Interviewee #1 (Scholar, Political Scientist and Activist, ACSS, USA), interview data, March 21 2022.2. Interviewee #2 (Senior Advocate, Political Opponent, BAR, Bamenda), interview data, November 22 2021.3. Interviewee #3 (Scholar and Policy Expert, Nkafu Policy Institute, Yaounde), interview data, February 17 2022.4. Interviewee #4 (Journalist, Political Analyst, Author, Chicago), interview data, December 27 2021.5. Interviewee #5 (Commission Member and Political Expert, NCPBM Commission, Yaounde), interview data, November 21 2021.6. Interviewee #6 (policy Expert and Senior Associate, NDI, USA) interview data, February 17 20227. Interviewee #7 (Scholar and Writer, PAID-WA, Buea), interview data, March 21 2022.8. Interviewee #8 (Lawyer and Policy Analyst, BAR, Douala), interview data, March 21 2022.9. Interviewee #9 (Lawyer and Activist, BAR, Bamenda), interview data, February 17 2022.10. Interviewee #10 (Political opponent and Activist, CAMNAFAW Douala), personal communications, January 21 2022.Notes1. At the beginning of the 2016 Crisis, the Cameroon Anglophone Civil Society Consortium (CACSC), which became the first official voice in the Anglophone Crisis, also demanded a federation (Okereke Citation2018). After multiple abuses from the government military forces, and ensuing backlash from the public known as the “Coffin Revolution” (Caxton Citation2017), the Consortium leaders picked up the call for self-determination (Okereke Citation2018). Subsequently, its rebranded version SCACUF declared Independence of the State of Ambazonia (Chothia Citation2018). The alleged “State of Ambazonia” consists of the English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon. They constitute a fifth of Cameroon’s population and host considerable agricultural lands and massive
【摘要】学者将2016年喀麦隆的英语危机归因于说英语的少数民族的系统性边缘化,他们的权利受到宪法保障,但仍然受到侵犯。然而,边缘化并不能解释为什么支持2016年危机的和平独立的英语精英(iae),包括律师、教师、民间社会组织和国内外英语协会,拒绝支持经济再分配或政治代表的要求。相反,他们在2016年选择了争取自决和承认英语国家身份的斗争。通过Nancy Fraser的身份模型和对iae的深入访谈,我们发现,他们认为承认的要求和回归联邦国家不仅是iae生存的保证,也是解决其他形式的不公正的保证,如误传、误认和分配不当。关键词:英语国家危机独立英语国家精英弗雷泽社会正义认知再分配代表喀麦隆披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。面试者名单1号受访者(学者、政治学家和活动家,ACSS,美国),访谈数据,2012.2年3月21日。2号受访者(资深辩护人,政治对手,BAR,巴门达),访谈数据,2011.3年11月22日。3号受访者(雅温得Nkafu政策研究所学者和政策专家),访谈数据,2012.4年2月17日。4号受访者(记者、政治分析师、作家,芝加哥),采访数据,2011.5年12月27日。5号受访者(雅温得全国共产党委员会委员和政治专家),访谈数据,2011.6年11月21日。6号受访者(政策专家和高级助理,NDI,美国)访谈数据,20227年2月17日。7号受访者(学者和作家,付费wa, Buea),访谈数据,2022.8年3月21日。8号受访者(律师和政策分析师,BAR, Douala),访谈数据,2022.9年3月21日。受访者#9(律师和活动家,BAR,巴门达),访谈数据,2022.10年2月17日10号受访者(政治对手和活动家,CAMNAFAW Douala),个人通讯,2022年1月21日。在2016年危机开始时,喀麦隆英语国家公民社会联盟(CACSC)成为英语国家危机中的第一个官方声音,也要求建立一个联盟(Okereke Citation2018)。在经历了政府军队的多次虐待,以及随之而来的被称为“棺材革命”的公众反弹之后(Caxton Citation2017),联盟领导人接受了自决的呼吁(Okereke Citation2018)。随后,其重新命名的SCACUF宣布Ambazonia州独立(Chothia Citation2018)。所谓的“Ambazonia国”包括喀麦隆讲英语的西北和西南地区。他们占喀麦隆人口的五分之一,拥有大量的农业用地和大量的石油资源。在2016年危机的政治背景下,自决的形式多种多样,吸引了不同的群体。然而,我们的研究表明,由和平活动人士组成的大多数iae认为,拥有强大自治权的联邦解决方案是最可行的可能性。还有其他一些组织,其中一些更激进,他们争取完全独立。正如这里所定义的,iae将自决转化为两国联邦解决方案。弗雷泽的正义理论也可以适用于邻国尼日利亚的英语难民问题,跨国正义可以适用于这些问题。尽管一些反对派领导人逃往国外,但我们从威斯特伐利亚框架来分析2016年的危机,因为冲突具有有限的跨国影响,主要存在于喀麦隆本身。泰勒的认可概念是指承认一个群体或一个人的尊严,并负责塑造集体和个人的身份,而缺乏这种承认被认为是误认或不承认,既可以造成心理创伤,也可以改变一个群体或个人的存在方式(泰勒引用1992)。大律师Bobga Harmony Mbuton是西北律师协会(NOWELA)的前主席,他对普通法和大陆法系作了如下明确的区分。“普通法本质上是人类社会的规则,从法官通过的判决中提炼出来,经过时间的考验。这些实践的一致性提供了法律审查和法律改革,而民法是一个自上而下的过程,统治者为人类行为提供了基础,这被载入法典,其中规定了什么类型的行为可以预期,如何违反,什么样的规则可以使用,以及如何进行监管。 这种区别概述了喀麦隆预期的法治行政过程(Mbuton Citation2017c)。本文作者nancy Ngum Achu是近东大学政治科学与国际关系系的博士研究生。她在东地中海大学获得国际关系硕士学位。她的兴趣涉及社会和批判理论,冲突研究,身份政治,社会正义和种族-国家冲突在非洲当代专制政权。她在一个名为VOISCYPRUS的非政府组织担任志愿性别委员会协调员。她的作品发表在iceci -波斯尼亚2018年会议论文集、东地中海大学机构库和匈牙利非洲研究杂志上。本文作者是北塞浦路斯近东大学政治学副教授。她的研究探讨了专制政权的本质。她出现在半岛电视台、BBC、TRTWorld和France24。她的研究成果发表在《欧亚研究》、《中亚调查》、《安全杂志》、《欧亚研究杂志》、《后共产主义问题》等刊物上。
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引用次数: 0
Commanding the respect of all who knew her: recovering the marginalised history of Eleanor Xiniwe and the challenges of the colonial archive 赢得所有认识她的人的尊重:恢复埃莉诺·西尼维被边缘化的历史和殖民档案的挑战
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2267778
Denver A. Webb
ABSTRACTEarly mission-educated African intellectuals and activists in the Cape Colony in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have received some attention from historians, but other than Charlotte Maxeke and Nokuthela Dube, few of the many women striving for political, economic and social rights have been studied in depth. Eleanor Xiniwe, a pioneering business person, is one whose story deserves to be better known. This article examines some of the challenges of the colonial archive in endeavours to recover neglected and marginalised histories: it sketches Eleanor Xiniwe’s life, explores her participation in the African Choir tour to Britain in 1891–92, examines her business interests and attempts to locate her history in the context of attempts by Africans to imagine an alternative future for themselves in colonial society at a time of hardening racial attitudes and increased discrimination.KEYWORDS: Eleanor XiniweAfrican ChoirAfrican women’s historypioneer African businessesKing William’s Towncolonial archive AcknowledgmentsMy interest in the Xiniwes began in the 1980s while working at the museum in Qonce. At the time I located Paul Xiniwe’s unmarked grave in the town cemetery and produced a small article on him as pioneer businessman, but soon realised that Eleanor was by far the more interesting historical personality. Thank you to Babalwa Magoqwana for inviting me to deliver a paper on her at the “Maternal Legacies of Knowledge: Rethinking the Sociology of the Eastern Cape” symposium in June 2021. I would like to thank Barbara Manning for bringing the existence of the photographs of the African Choir in the Hulton Archive (Getty Images) to my attention. Appreciation is also due to Xolela Mangcu, who is related to the Xiniwes through the Tyamzashes, for helpful comments on an early draft. A special thank you to Mcebisi Ndletyana for suggestions and for sharing ideas from his research on the history of the University of Fort Hare. A huge debt of gratitude is owed to my friend Andre Odendaal, whose pioneering book Vukani Bantu! opened my eyes to the world of the early African intellectuals and activists and whose comments on a draft of this article challenged me to reframe my thinking in a number of ways. Pamela Maseko kindly provided accurate translations of isiXhosa quotations in the text. Lastly, a special word of appreciation is extended to anonymous reviewers of Social Dynamics, who suggested fruitful avenues to explore and who challenged me to rethink sections of the article.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1. Les Switzer (Citation1993, 188) mistakenly refers to her as the sister of Paul Xiniwe. The brief entry in The Encyclopaedia Africana Dictionary of African Biography III, South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland (Citation1995, 244–245) made an important attempt to promote Eleanor Xiniwe’s history but in the absence of primary source material and detailed secondary
com/detail/news-photo/south-african-singer-eleanor-xiniwe-a-member-of-the-african-news-photo/513413895。2023.9年4月8日访问。彼得马里茨堡档案馆,开普省高等法院院长遗嘱认证记录,1834-1989年,死亡通知书Kate Soga (Xiniwe), 1923年12月26日,https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-C9BB-P3DC-V?i=475&cc=2517051&personaUrl=%2Fark%3A%2F61903%2F1%3A1%3AQGKL-J3N5。2012.1年5月7日访问。死亡通知书及遗嘱证明书,埃莉诺·西尼维,一九二一年一月七日。1920年1月7日,Eleanor Xiniwe的死亡通知书和遗嘱认证记录:1925年11月2日,Squire, Smith & Laurie致最高法院院长的信。我要感谢Andre Odendaal在这方面挑战我的想法。13.通讯,2021年6月16日)。我要感谢Mcebisi Ndletyana,他正在为这一点研究黑尔堡大学的历史。通讯,2021年6月1日)。其他信息撰稿人说明丹佛·a·韦伯丹佛·a·韦伯是纳尔逊·曼德拉大学的历史学家,在那里他担任战略资源动员和进步高级主任。他拥有黑尔堡大学的法学博士学位。他发表了关于南非殖民权力的本质和非洲对殖民主义的反应的文章。
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking Africa: indigenous women re-interpret Southern Africa’s pasts Rethinking Africa: indigenous women re-interpret Southern Africa’s pasts , edited by Bernadette Muthien and June Bam, Auckland Park, Jacana Media, 2021, 232 pp., ZAR 290.00 (paperback), ISBN: 978-1-928232-94-0 《重新思考非洲:土著妇女重新诠释南部非洲的过去》,Bernadette Muthien和June Bam编辑,奥克兰公园,Jacana Media, 2021, 232页,ZAR 290.00(平装),ISBN: 978-1-928232-94-0
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2265602
Chanel van der Merwe
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1. The Afrikaans words for herbs. Here I am referring to “wille als,” “buchu” and other plants I may not be aware of.2. This is a saying which literally means “advice from the elderly,” but it is used in context to mean the opposite of “scientific knowledge”.
单击可增大图像大小单击可减小图像大小注1。南非荷兰语中草药的意思。这里我指的是“芒萁”、“buchu”和其他我可能不知道的植物。这句话的字面意思是“老年人的建议”,但它在上下文中用来表示“科学知识”的反义词。
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引用次数: 0
Pan-Africanism and psychology in decolonial times Pan-Africanism and psychology in decolonial times , by Shose Kessi, Babette Stephanie Gekeler, and Floretta Boonzaier, Cham, Palgrave MacMillan, 2022, 192 pp., €109.99 (hardcover), ISBN 9783030893507 《非殖民时代的泛非主义与心理学》,作者:Shose Kessi、Babette Stephanie Gekeler和Floretta Boonzaier, Cham, Palgrave MacMillan出版社,2022,192页,109.99欧元(精装版),ISBN 9783030893507
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2267776
Daniel Herwitz
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引用次数: 0
Decolonial Marxism, essays from the Pan African revolution Decolonial Marxism, essays from the Pan African revolution , by Walter Rodney, edited by Asha Rodney, Patricia Rodney, Ban Mabie and Jesse Benjamin, London, Verso, 2022, viii + 322 pp., US$20.49 (paperback), ISBN 9781839764110 《非殖民化马克思主义,泛非革命随笔》,沃尔特·罗德尼著,阿莎·罗德尼、帕特里夏·罗德尼、班·马比和杰西·本杰明编辑,伦敦,Verso, 2022年,8 + 322页,20.49美元(平装),ISBN 9781839764110
3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2265589
Ahmet Sait Akçay
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation & HUMA – Institute for Humanities in Africa, UCT; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and HUMA – Institute for Humanities in Africa.
本研究由安德鲁·w·梅隆基金会和非洲人文研究所资助,UCT;安德鲁·梅隆基金会和HUMA -非洲人文研究所。
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引用次数: 0
The decolonisation of the mind and history as an academic discipline 思想和历史作为一门学科的非殖民化
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2232626
Irina Filatova
ABSTRACT History as an academic discipline is going through a methodological crisis, caused by the decolonising revolution in historiography. Having emerged in the 1980s–2000s, the present-day decolonial theories have created a new dominant paradigm in the public consciousness and in a whole complex of academic disciplines. The aim of the decolonisation of the mind is to liberate these disciplines, first of all the humanities, from any vestiges of Eurocentrism. However, decolonialists operate in the realm of ideas and methodologies some of which are incompatible with the existence of history as an academic discipline, and which have long been rejected by researchers. A comparison of decolonising ideas in Africa with similar ideas in Russia helps to understand their origins and the detrimental effect that their uncritical acceptance may have on history as an academic discipline and on popular consciousness and politics.
摘要历史学作为一门学科正在经历一场方法论危机,这场危机源于史学的非殖民化革命。当今的非殖民化理论出现在20世纪80年代至21世纪初,在公众意识和整个复杂的学术学科中创造了一种新的主导范式。思想非殖民化的目的是将这些学科,首先是人文学科,从任何欧洲中心主义的残余中解放出来。然而,非殖民化主义者在思想和方法论领域运作,其中一些与历史作为一门学术学科的存在不兼容,长期以来一直被研究人员拒绝。将非洲的非殖民化思想与俄罗斯的类似思想进行比较,有助于了解它们的起源,以及它们不加批判地被接受可能对历史作为一门学术学科以及大众意识和政治产生的有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies
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