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Condemned by desire: miscegenation, gender, and eroticism in South Africa’s Immorality Act 被欲望谴责:南非不道德法案中的通婚、性别和色情
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2195216
Laura Moutinho
ABSTRACT The Mixed Marriage Act of 1949 is regarded as the first law of South Africa’s apartheid regime. This criminalised interracial marriages, regulating intimacy under the amended Immorality Act (1950) with the aim of organising the public sphere and preventing miscegenation. In the present article, I analyse two cases involving interracial couples and alleged lovers. I argue that this system of exclusion refounded the State, managing gender and sexuality through race and racism in order to avoid miscegenation. Although the apartheid system was internationally known, via its public face, as creating segregation between whites and blacks, I claim that vigilance and control of intimacy and domestic space, based on gender and sexuality, were part and parcel of the management of race and racism. Following Coetzee, I understand apartheid as a form of containment of interracial desire. In this analysis, Brazil appears as a counterpoint to this project: sometimes implicitly, sometimes explicitly. My objective here is to contribute to the understanding of processes of regulation of intimacy and public space in the Global South.
1949年的《混血婚姻法》被认为是南非种族隔离政权的第一部法律。该法案将异族通婚定为犯罪,根据修订后的《不道德法》(1950年)规范亲密行为,目的是组织公共领域和防止异族通婚。在本文中,我分析了两个涉及跨种族夫妇和所谓恋人的案件。我认为,这种排斥制度重塑了国家,通过种族和种族主义来管理性别和性,以避免异族通婚。虽然种族隔离制度在国际上通过它的公众形象被认为造成了白人和黑人之间的隔离,但我认为,基于性别和性取向的对亲密关系和家庭空间的警惕和控制,是种族和种族主义管理的重要组成部分。跟着库切的思路,我把种族隔离理解为一种对种族间欲望的遏制。在这种分析中,巴西似乎是这个项目的对立面:有时是含蓄的,有时是明确的。我在这里的目的是为理解全球南方国家的亲密关系和公共空间的监管过程做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
The ears of apartheid 种族隔离的耳朵
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2168596
W. Froneman
ABSTRACT This article considers white popular music of the 1950s and 1960s as a zone of what J.M. Coetzee has termed apartheid’s confessional “heart-speech” – a zone that explicates a sonospheric understanding of apartheid and its pathologies of racial disavowal. Drawing on the work of Peter Sloterdijk, I show how white popular music written for background entertainment cultivated in white ears a warped aesthetic sensibility for disavowing black sonic presence, arguing that this may account for one way in which the madness of apartheid spread through the social body. Popular music propagated the madness of apartheid not by representing racial segregation musically, but by thematising racial intersections in everyday white lives and by performing and embodying the perverted white desires for black bodies that were explicitly prohibited by apartheid laws: all under the cover of background entertainment. Out of this listening praxis, a perverted white ear took shape that heard “whiteness” whenever confronted with difference, and “home” when confronted with the sonic presence of the racial other.
摘要本文将20世纪50年代和60年代的白人流行音乐视为J.M.Coetzee所称的种族隔离忏悔“心灵演讲”的一个区域,这个区域阐述了对种族隔离及其种族否认病态的响亮理解。根据Peter Sloterdijk的作品,我展示了为背景娱乐而创作的白人流行音乐是如何在白人耳朵中培养出一种扭曲的审美情感,否认黑人的声音存在,并认为这可能是种族隔离的疯狂在社会身体中传播的一种方式。流行音乐不是通过在音乐上表现种族隔离来传播种族隔离的疯狂,而是通过将白人日常生活中的种族交叉点作为主题,并通过表演和体现种族隔离法明确禁止的白人对黑人身体的变态欲望来传播:所有这些都是在背景娱乐的掩护下进行的。在这种倾听实践中,一只变态的白耳朵形成了,每当面对差异时,它都会听到“白人”的声音,当面对种族他者的声音时,它会听到“家”的声音。
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引用次数: 0
Auditing and the unconscious: managerialism’s memory traces 审计与无意识:管理主义的记忆痕迹
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2167422
Ross Truscott
ABSTRACT This paper takes J.M. Coetzee’s “The Mind of Apartheid” as a point of departure in thinking about audits in universities. Using the psychoanalytic framing of apartheid that Coetzee puts in place, audit is likened here to a form of obsessional neurosis. If this is indeed a plausible diagnosis of audits – and this should remain a question for deliberation – then a set of questions emerges for post-apartheid universities, which the paper seeks to develop. By what scenes from the past are audits haunted? What memory traces do audits reactivate? What phantoms do audits seek to exorcise? Can we speak of the demons by which auditing is possessed? And what sort of working through the past would this call for?
本文以库切的《种族隔离的思想》为出发点,思考大学审计问题。使用库切提出的种族隔离的精神分析框架,在这里,审计被比作一种强迫性神经症。如果这确实是对审计的一种合理诊断——这仍应是一个有待审议的问题——那么,本文试图提出的后种族隔离时代的大学将面临一系列问题。过去的哪些场景会让审计人员心有余悸?审计会重新激活哪些内存跟踪?审计想要驱除什么样的幽灵?我们能谈谈听析被附身的恶魔吗?这需要什么样的对过去的研究?
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引用次数: 1
Frank-talking: a reading of Biko’s statement “On Death” with Foucault’s concept of parrhesia 直言:用福柯的直言概念解读比科的《论死亡》
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2172268
Ahmed Veriava
ABSTRACT This article is about a practice of “frank-talking” associated with Steve Biko and the BC movement of the 1970s. It sets out a reading of a short fragment titled “On Death” (found at the end of I Write What I Like) through the lens of the (coincidental) connection between Biko’s Frank-talk and Foucault’s lectures on parrhesia. Through an intentional mispronunciation of the concept of parrhesia, I re-member Biko’s statement “On Death,” and the scene of the interrogation that it describes, as an exemplary instance of Biko’s frank-talk and one which I show can usefully be read as a modern modality of parrhesia. With Biko, the “parrhesiatic” statement disrupts the white supremacist (bio)political order for the ways it comes to be articulated as a practical expression of Biko’s sense of his own equality as a Black subject.
本文是关于史蒂夫·比科和20世纪70年代BC运动的“坦率谈话”实践。它通过比科的坦率谈话和福柯关于直言的讲座之间的(巧合的)联系,开始了一段题为“论死亡”的短片段的阅读(在《我写我喜欢的》的末尾)。通过对直言概念的故意发音错误,我想起了比科的陈述"论死亡"以及它所描述的审讯场景,作为比科坦率谈话的一个范例我认为它可以被有效地解读为直言的一种现代形式。对于Biko来说,“直言”的声明扰乱了白人至上主义(生物)政治秩序,因为它被明确表达为Biko作为黑人主体的平等意识的实际表达。
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引用次数: 0
Burying the superego? 埋葬超我?
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2023.2162786
J. Barnard-Naudé
ABSTRACT This essay unfolds in four parts. In the first part I argue that the struggle against apartheid must be understood as a war against war, namely a war that is waged with the superego of apartheid as war itself. In the second part, I consider J.M. Coetzee’s essay on The Mind of Apartheid in the context of the hypothesis put forth by Jacques-Alain Miller and others that racism is the theft of enjoyment. I show that the superego of apartheid is both a threatening and a threatened object and that working to produce the impression that the object of enjoyment is under constant threat is an essential component of the superego’s sadism. In part three I stay with Coetzee’s essay to consider the spatialisation of the superego under apartheid. I argue that this spatialisation should be understood in terms of Carl Schmitt’s concept of the nomos. Finally, in part four I reconsider earlier work on apartheid as enforced melancholia to argue for a burial of the apartheid superego that can release the subject of the postapartheid from enforced psychosis.
本文分为四个部分。在第一部分中,我认为反对种族隔离的斗争必须被理解为一场反对战争的战争,即一场以种族隔离的超我作为战争本身而发动的战争。在第二部分中,我在雅克·阿兰·米勒等人提出的种族主义是对享受的盗窃这一假设的背景下,思考了J.M.库切关于种族隔离思想的文章。我表明,种族隔离的超我既是一个威胁对象,也是一个受到威胁的对象,努力给人一种享受对象不断受到威胁的印象是超我虐待狂的重要组成部分。在第三部分中,我继续关注库切的文章,思考种族隔离下超我的空间化。我认为,这种空间化应该根据卡尔·施密特的诺模斯概念来理解。最后,在第四部分中,我重新考虑了早期关于种族隔离作为强迫忧郁症的工作,以主张埋葬种族隔离的超我,从而将后种族隔离的主体从强迫精神病中释放出来。
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引用次数: 1
The voice of reason: a thematic appraisal of editorial coverage of Nigeria’s 2015 elections 理性之声:对尼日利亚2015年选举编辑报道的主题评价
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2146263
Ogemdi Uchenna Eze
ABSTRACT This study is an analysis of four Nigerian newspaper editorials’ (the Guardian, Vanguard, Independent and Leadership) coverage of the 2015 general elections in Nigeria. Peace and solution journalism perspectives provided the theoretical insights through which the examination is made. This qualitative study, located within an interpretivist tradition, identified 101 election-related editorials for the study. Using a purposive sampling technique, 25 editorials that were illustrative of the three themes: violence-free polls, rational voting, and credible electoral process, which emerged from reading and re-reading of the editorials, were selected for analysis. The research showed that the editorials sought to a. redirect the attention of the electorate caught up in the personalisation of issues by politicians towards key issues affecting the nation, to guide their electoral decisions, b. appeal to political actors to stem the spate of violence in the polity and c. advocate for a credible electoral process to produce leadership that would be truly reflective of the wishes and aspirations of the people. The editorials made moral and ethical appeals urging “supra-national” and patriotic attitudes as well as more detailed process interventions. This study highlights the role of editorials in peacebuilding efforts at such times as elections.
本研究分析了尼日利亚四家报纸的社论(《卫报》、《先锋报》、《独立报》和《领导报》)对2015年尼日利亚大选的报道。和平与解决方案新闻的观点提供了理论见解,通过这一审查进行。这项定性研究,定位于解释主义传统,为研究确定了101篇与选举有关的社论。使用有目的的抽样技术,选取25篇社论进行分析,这些社论说明了三个主题:无暴力民意调查、理性投票和可信的选举过程,这些主题是通过阅读和重读社论而产生的。研究表明,这些社论试图a.将选民的注意力转移到政治家对影响国家的关键问题的个性化问题上,以指导他们的选举决策,b.呼吁政治行为者阻止政治中的暴力事件,c.倡导可信的选举过程,以产生真正反映人民愿望和愿望的领导层。社论提出了道德和伦理呼吁,敦促“超国家”和爱国态度,以及更详细的过程干预。这项研究强调了社论在选举等时期建设和平努力中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the entanglement of race and religion in Africa 探索非洲种族和宗教的纠缠
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2155924
Josias Tembo, A. Topolski
ABSTRACT This special issue is meant to begin to address the lacuna in research on the entanglements of race and religion by focusing on one specific geographical region – Africa. The reality of political communities in Africa cannot be understood properly independently of colonial racialisation. The formation of colonial political communities on the African continent was based on racial exclusion in terms of the colour line. While most research focuses on the latter, slowly more research is being done on the race-religion constellation which takes account of the impact and force of religion in the processes of racialisation, and political exclusion as religion is at the centre of the colonial and racial project. Nonetheless, much less scholarly and philosophical attention has been given to understanding and unravelling the role of religion in conceptions and practices of colonial and postcolonial political practices of racial exclusion in Africa.
这期特刊旨在通过关注一个特定的地理区域——非洲,开始解决种族与宗教纠缠研究的空白。非洲政治社区的现实不能独立于殖民种族化而得到适当的理解。非洲大陆上殖民地政治共同体的形成是基于肤色界线上的种族排斥。虽然大多数研究集中在后者,但慢慢地,越来越多的研究正在进行种族-宗教星座,考虑到宗教在种族化过程中的影响和力量,以及政治排斥,因为宗教是殖民和种族项目的中心。然而,在理解和揭示宗教在非洲殖民地和后殖民时期种族排斥政治实践的概念和实践中的作用方面,学术和哲学上的关注要少得多。
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引用次数: 0
On the political theology of apartheid: a philosophical investigation 种族隔离的政治神学:哲学考察
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2154561
Schalk Gerber
ABSTRACT This article aims to discuss the relation between political theology and apartheid critically. The relation is traced by reconsidering Carl Schmitt’s notion of political theology and the accompanying friend-enemy distinction within the South African context in dialogue with Achille Mbembe. The political theology of apartheid is accordingly analysed as the creation of a racial figure of enmity intertwined with a religious myth. Within this heuristic framework, the philosophical roots of the racial concept of the “K”-figure – as a figure of enmity – are outlined by delineating its foundations in the metaphysics of modernity with specific reference to the writings of Immanuel Kant. This concept is further considered regarding its intertwinement with the creation of the religious myth of justify Afrikaner Nationalism Volk as a chosen people of God, used to justify the Afrikaner nationalism and apartheid ideology. Finally, the opening of a space is sketched where the task of rethinking the political ontologically within a post-apartheid world may take place. The task that attempts to avoid a reconstitution of the political theology of apartheid in new figures of enmity, both religious and racial, while opening the possibility for the reparation of the dignity of those it was stolen from.
本文旨在批判性地探讨政治神学与种族隔离的关系。在与Achille Mbembe的对话中,通过重新考虑Carl Schmitt的政治神学概念以及在南非背景下伴随而来的敌友区别,追溯了这种关系。因此,种族隔离的政治神学被分析为一个与宗教神话交织在一起的种族仇恨人物的创造。在这个启发式框架内,通过具体参考伊曼纽尔·康德的著作,描绘其在现代形而上学中的基础,勾勒出“K”图形作为敌对图形的种族概念的哲学根源。这一概念被进一步考虑,因为它与证明阿非利卡民族主义Volk是上帝选择的人民的宗教神话的创造交织在一起,用来证明阿非利卡民族主义和种族隔离意识形态的合理性。最后,描绘了一个空间的开放,在这个空间里,重新思考后种族隔离世界中的政治本体论的任务可能会发生。这项任务试图避免在新的宗教和种族仇恨人物中重建种族隔离的政治神学,同时为那些被剥夺的人的尊严提供赔偿的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Edward W. Blyden’s intellectual tradition: the place of ‘race’ and religion 爱德华·w·布莱顿的思想传统:“种族”和宗教的地位
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2146260
Mano Delea
ABSTRACT This article reflects on the place of religion and “race” in Edward W. Blyden’s thought and praxis. It is discussed and analysed against the background of an Africana intellectual tradition and aspects regarding sovereignty and resistance. On the one hand, it examines the views of Blyden concerning the place of “race” and religion in relation to recurrent elements within the Africana intellectual tradition. On the other, it explores Blyden’s thoughts on “race” and religion with regard to historical context and the influence of sovereignty and resistance. It explores how historical conditions shaped Blyden’s ideas relating to Black emancipation, and, specifically, how to interpret the multiple intellectual transformations during his life and how this changed his thinking. The framework used in this article is an interpretation of the Africana intellectual tradition, which consists of the recurrent elements of “race,” slavery, colonialism, humiliation, dignity and memory. It uses this analytical framework to examine some of Blyden’s more notable works. Examining the place of “race” and religion, intellectual traditionl and sovereignty and resistance helps us understand the emergence, development and underpinnings of Blyden’s thought, giving us more insight into his ideas and the ideas of thinkers who followed in his footsteps.
本文对宗教和“种族”在布莱登思想和实践中的地位进行了反思。它是在非洲知识传统的背景下,以及在主权和抵抗方面进行讨论和分析的。一方面,它考察了布莱登关于“种族”和宗教与非洲知识传统中反复出现的元素之间的关系的观点。另一方面,从历史语境、主权和抵抗的影响等方面探讨了布莱登的“种族”和宗教思想。它探讨了历史条件如何塑造布莱登与黑人解放有关的思想,特别是如何解读他一生中的多重智力转变,以及这如何改变了他的思想。本文使用的框架是对非洲知识传统的解释,该传统由“种族”、奴隶制、殖民主义、羞辱、尊严和记忆等反复出现的元素组成。它使用这个分析框架来考察布莱登的一些更著名的作品。考察“种族”和宗教、知识传统、主权和抵抗的地位,有助于我们理解布莱登思想的产生、发展和基础,让我们更多地了解他的思想和追随他的思想家的思想。
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引用次数: 0
Cape mission liberalism and the South African liberation struggle 开普使命自由主义与南非解放斗争
IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q3 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2150489
V. Lewis
ABSTRACT To help us better understand the impact of European colonisation on South African political thought, it is important to recognise the role played by both race and religion. Given the outsized role that Christian mission schools have had on South African political history, this article seeks to identify how the Cape mission liberal tradition, specifically, influenced twentieth-century South African political thought. By examining the lives and ideas of Z.K. Matthews and Govan Mbeki, this article shows how both liberal and communist strains of African nationalism present in the liberation struggle were influenced by the mission liberal tradition.
摘要为了帮助我们更好地理解欧洲殖民主义对南非政治思想的影响,认识到种族和宗教所扮演的角色是很重要的。鉴于基督教教会学校在南非政治史上发挥的巨大作用,本文试图确定开普教会自由主义传统是如何影响20世纪南非政治思想的。通过考察Z.K.Matthews和Govan Mbeki的生活和思想,本文展示了解放斗争中存在的自由主义和共产主义非洲民族主义是如何受到使命自由主义传统的影响的。
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引用次数: 0
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Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies
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