Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2057680
Renée Lesley Koch
ABSTRACT When thinking about choosing Visual Arts for the senior phase in secondary school, learners must consider a subject's ability to offer career skills as well as the meaning it has for them, personally. These considerations influence the subject's perceived relevance and consequently, its place in the curriculum. In guiding learners, art teachers may make one or both of the following claims: that art develops creativity or that it functions as a human meaning-making practice. For these claims to be true, they would need to be evident in Visual Arts learners' decision-making, within the process of making art. Further, these observations would need to be true at a subject level, and not merely within the art projects made at particular schools. This paper reports on a study using an app called SenseMaker, which maps learners' decision-making at a systemic level. Without commenting on learners' innate creativity, the study suggests that fixed notions of “art” within Visual Arts as a subject constrain learners' decisions and so undermine advocacy claims made for the subject. Framing this discussion through the lens of resilience offers a way for interested parties to reconsider the lines drawn around “art” and the subject's relevance, for all learners.
{"title":"Perceived (ir)relevance: resilience and Visual Arts","authors":"Renée Lesley Koch","doi":"10.1080/02533952.2022.2057680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2022.2057680","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When thinking about choosing Visual Arts for the senior phase in secondary school, learners must consider a subject's ability to offer career skills as well as the meaning it has for them, personally. These considerations influence the subject's perceived relevance and consequently, its place in the curriculum. In guiding learners, art teachers may make one or both of the following claims: that art develops creativity or that it functions as a human meaning-making practice. For these claims to be true, they would need to be evident in Visual Arts learners' decision-making, within the process of making art. Further, these observations would need to be true at a subject level, and not merely within the art projects made at particular schools. This paper reports on a study using an app called SenseMaker, which maps learners' decision-making at a systemic level. Without commenting on learners' innate creativity, the study suggests that fixed notions of “art” within Visual Arts as a subject constrain learners' decisions and so undermine advocacy claims made for the subject. Framing this discussion through the lens of resilience offers a way for interested parties to reconsider the lines drawn around “art” and the subject's relevance, for all learners.","PeriodicalId":51765,"journal":{"name":"Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"120 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42439778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2054144
Janeke Thumbran
ABSTRACT This article examines how PUTCO buses formed part of apartheid infrastructure by transporting commuters between the Bantustan of KwaNdebele and Pretoria. It discusses the arduous conditions of this daily commute, as well as the ways in which PUTCO buses became central to mobilising against KwaNdebele’s independence in 1986. More specifically, this article demonstrates how the daily exhaustion of commuters, the poor design of these buses, their lack of safety and high fares in the 1970s and 1980s have continued into the post-apartheid present. Not only does this demonstrate the resilience of apartheid infrastructure – seen as a form of resoluteness and resistance to change – but it also highlights the resilient citizenship required from commuters in the post-apartheid period. Resilient citizenship – where responsibilised citizen-subjects in South Africa are required to be adaptable to apartheid infrastructure – has emerged through the state’s embrace of a neoliberal regime. Characterised by privatisation and reducing state expenditures, this regime has, in relation to apartheid’s infrastructure, given rise to techniques of government that shift responsibility onto individuals by imposing strategies of adaptability. Former residents of KwaNdebele, black women in particular, are thus required to be adaptable to PUTCO’s perilous routes and the poor design of the buses.
{"title":"Transporting the “Bus Stop Republic” – resilience and apartheid’s transport infrastructure, 1979 to present times","authors":"Janeke Thumbran","doi":"10.1080/02533952.2022.2054144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2022.2054144","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines how PUTCO buses formed part of apartheid infrastructure by transporting commuters between the Bantustan of KwaNdebele and Pretoria. It discusses the arduous conditions of this daily commute, as well as the ways in which PUTCO buses became central to mobilising against KwaNdebele’s independence in 1986. More specifically, this article demonstrates how the daily exhaustion of commuters, the poor design of these buses, their lack of safety and high fares in the 1970s and 1980s have continued into the post-apartheid present. Not only does this demonstrate the resilience of apartheid infrastructure – seen as a form of resoluteness and resistance to change – but it also highlights the resilient citizenship required from commuters in the post-apartheid period. Resilient citizenship – where responsibilised citizen-subjects in South Africa are required to be adaptable to apartheid infrastructure – has emerged through the state’s embrace of a neoliberal regime. Characterised by privatisation and reducing state expenditures, this regime has, in relation to apartheid’s infrastructure, given rise to techniques of government that shift responsibility onto individuals by imposing strategies of adaptability. Former residents of KwaNdebele, black women in particular, are thus required to be adaptable to PUTCO’s perilous routes and the poor design of the buses.","PeriodicalId":51765,"journal":{"name":"Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"16 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46211925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2038437
Zandi Sherman
ABSTRACT South African municipalities increasingly celebrate prepaid water and electricity meters for enabling them to build more resilient cities. This framing has been critiqued for its neoliberal underpinnings, where the discourse of resilience masks the reality that people are being coerced into surviving with consistently diminishing resources. While these infrastructures undeniably materialise neoliberal logics, this paper considers the labour compounds of nineteenth-century Kimberley to suggest such infrastructures also have a racialising function with a much older lineage. The Kimberley compounds were designed and managed by various technical experts tasked with maximising productivity and balancing economic constraints with mortality rates. In so doing, they relied upon and produced racialised theories of the body. Where the experts framed their work as turning on the observation of “the native races,” in fact those experts were producing the very racial truths they claimed only to uncover. The compound, most often studied as an infrastructure of racial domination, has rarely been recognised as productive of emergent notions of “race.” Read through this lineage, continued infrastructural coercion in contemporary South Africa, which relies on the techno-racial expertise developed in earlier eras, reveals itself as critical to race’s continual reproduction.
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Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2039436
Sindi-Leigh McBride
Joan M. Schwartz argues that since “photographs participated in the construction of imaginative geographies,” they also merit attention in historical geography because they support the “virtual witnessing” of landscape across space and time (1996, 19). The first photograph of this visual essay (Figure 1), for instance, was made on January 24, 2020 the final day of the Space in Time (Space in Time: Landscape narratives and land management changes in a Southern African crossborder region, is an interdisciplinary joint research project between the University of Cape Town, University of Basel and University of Namibia.) workshop in Oranjemund, during a tour of the river mouth and the nearby ruins of Hohenfels, a former police station during the time of the German colonial empire. Like the rest of the images, this photograph stands as a visual record of the lower Orange/Gariep river’s (LOR) expansive history, one that can be measured against future changes but also contributes to conveying “an overarching appreciation of the significance of space, place and landscape in the making and meaning of social and cultural life” (Harvey 1990, 418). Indeed, another photograph (Figure 4) made at the ruins of Hohenfels former police station but taken from another perspective suggests that the river is much less powerful than at first sight. The fourth image, Empty Echo Corner, was made at the Augrabies Falls National Park, and is resonant with both fluvial and geological echoes of Anthropocene considerations. The park is home to fascinating rock formations, and Echo Corner is one of three viewpoints to see the Orange River thunder through the park, sometimes cascading powerfully and at other times a mere trickle. The visual and aural display is second only to the sight and sound of the river meeting the ocean, but as the name suggests, Echo Corner produces eerie echoes that loop around as a reminder of the intertwining of space and time. The final photograph (Figure 6) of two swimming pools constructed at Riemvasmaak Hot Springs, invites visitors to relax in the natural wonder of these therapeutic waters, a product of volcanic eruptions that have long since ceased, but continue to be heated by deep underground activity. Riemvasmaak is close to the Namibian border, situated between the LOR and the now dry, Molopo River; a haunting reminder of both resilient geomorphology and the ephemerality of fluvial forms.
Joan M.Schwartz认为，由于“照片参与了富有想象力的地理的构建”，它们在历史地理学中也值得关注，因为它们支持跨越空间和时间的景观“虚拟见证”（1996，19）。例如，这篇视觉文章的第一张照片（图1）拍摄于2020年1月24日，也就是“时间中的空间”研讨会的最后一天，在参观河口和附近的霍恩费尔斯遗址时，霍恩费尔s曾是德意志殖民帝国时期的一个警察局。与其他图像一样，这张照片是奥兰治河/加里普河下游（LOR）广阔历史的视觉记录，可以根据未来的变化进行衡量，但也有助于传达“对空间、地点和景观在社会和文化生活的形成和意义中的意义的全面理解”（Harvey 19904118）。事实上，另一张在霍恩费尔斯前警察局废墟上拍摄的照片（图4）从另一个角度拍摄，表明这条河的力量远不如第一眼看到的那么强大。第四张照片《空回声角》是在奥格拉布斯瀑布国家公园拍摄的，与人类世的河流和地质回声相呼应。公园里有迷人的岩层，回声角是看到奥兰治河在公园里打雷的三个视角之一，有时是强有力的瀑布，有时只是涓涓细流。视觉和听觉的展示仅次于河流与海洋交汇的景象和声音，但顾名思义，回声角产生了诡异的回声，这些回声环绕着，提醒人们空间和时间的交织。Riemvasmaak温泉建造的两个游泳池的最后一张照片（图6）邀请游客在这些治疗水的自然奇观中放松，这是火山喷发的产物，火山喷发早已停止，但仍在被深层地下活动加热。Riemvasmaak靠近纳米比亚边境，位于LOR和现在干涸的Molopo河之间；一个令人难忘的提醒，既有弹性的地貌和短暂的河流形式。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2022258
Philip Aghoghovwia
{"title":"Fragments from the History of Loss: The Nature Industry and the Postcolony","authors":"Philip Aghoghovwia","doi":"10.1080/02533952.2022.2022258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2022.2022258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51765,"journal":{"name":"Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"184 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42496608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2056295
L. Chisholm
ABSTRACT How African migrants establish themselves within new contexts through struggles for education is a relatively under-researched phenomenon in South Africa. The notion of “idioms of rootlessness” has been developed to make sense of migrants’ understandings of new hostile environments. This article troubles this botanical metaphor through an exploration of the life-history of one Zimbabwean woman who migrated to South Africa and the specific role of education in her trajectory in Zimbabwe and South Africa. Her story is examined against the backdrop of the changing political economy of education in Zimbabwe and South Africa. In highlighting how she navigates borders for the education of her children and decides which children to educate where it shows how educational values, beliefs and practices also migrate. The paper argues that her struggle for the education of her children can also be interpreted as an expression of the desire for attachment in both spaces and as a means of claiming a place in both countries, across borders, for herself and her children.
{"title":"Migration and education in Zimbabwe and South Africa","authors":"L. Chisholm","doi":"10.1080/02533952.2022.2056295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2022.2056295","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT How African migrants establish themselves within new contexts through struggles for education is a relatively under-researched phenomenon in South Africa. The notion of “idioms of rootlessness” has been developed to make sense of migrants’ understandings of new hostile environments. This article troubles this botanical metaphor through an exploration of the life-history of one Zimbabwean woman who migrated to South Africa and the specific role of education in her trajectory in Zimbabwe and South Africa. Her story is examined against the backdrop of the changing political economy of education in Zimbabwe and South Africa. In highlighting how she navigates borders for the education of her children and decides which children to educate where it shows how educational values, beliefs and practices also migrate. The paper argues that her struggle for the education of her children can also be interpreted as an expression of the desire for attachment in both spaces and as a means of claiming a place in both countries, across borders, for herself and her children.","PeriodicalId":51765,"journal":{"name":"Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"170 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02533952.2022.2032560
Heather Wares
ABSTRACT The marked PDF has been uploaded for reference and acceptance of grammatical changes] Post-apartheid South African legislation for the protection and management of the ocean environment, has been dominated by the language of sustainable development. Deeply embedded in the notion of sustainability is that of resilience. I propose in this paper, through the medium of the ocean and the Dwesa-Cwebe community in the Eastern Cape Province, that the expectation for human resilience in the age of climate change and global warming is promoted as a reasonable and necessary condition. I will argue that coastal communities, as citizens, are expected to perform resilience within the national rhetoric ‘for the greater good,’ to support a development narrative which uses environmental protection to veil a government policy of economic gain over social equality. To explore the above claims, I turn to a case study focused on a ground-breaking judgement in the Supreme Court of Appeals which saw fishers gain access to Marine Protected Areas on the grounds of customary rights. A close reading of the judgement together with a historical view of the legislative framework support the argument that the neoliberal legislative frameworks used to govern today continue to be informed by their predecessors conceptualised in the colonial and apartheid eras.
{"title":"Under waves of resilience – Dwesa-Cwebe: a case study on environmental policy and the expectation of resilience on South African coastal communities","authors":"Heather Wares","doi":"10.1080/02533952.2022.2032560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533952.2022.2032560","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The marked PDF has been uploaded for reference and acceptance of grammatical changes] Post-apartheid South African legislation for the protection and management of the ocean environment, has been dominated by the language of sustainable development. Deeply embedded in the notion of sustainability is that of resilience. I propose in this paper, through the medium of the ocean and the Dwesa-Cwebe community in the Eastern Cape Province, that the expectation for human resilience in the age of climate change and global warming is promoted as a reasonable and necessary condition. I will argue that coastal communities, as citizens, are expected to perform resilience within the national rhetoric ‘for the greater good,’ to support a development narrative which uses environmental protection to veil a government policy of economic gain over social equality. To explore the above claims, I turn to a case study focused on a ground-breaking judgement in the Supreme Court of Appeals which saw fishers gain access to Marine Protected Areas on the grounds of customary rights. A close reading of the judgement together with a historical view of the legislative framework support the argument that the neoliberal legislative frameworks used to govern today continue to be informed by their predecessors conceptualised in the colonial and apartheid eras.","PeriodicalId":51765,"journal":{"name":"Social Dynamics-A Journal of African Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"46 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48013621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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