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Laser-based disassembly of end-of-life automotive traction batteries: A systematic patent analysis 基于激光的报废汽车牵引电池拆解：系统专利分析

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102322

Max Rettenmeier , Noah Jeremia Schilling , Mauritz Möller , Alexander Sauer

Battery recycling is a vital component in the decarbonization of the transportation sector. The disassembly step represents a pivotal element within the process chain for battery recycling, as it paves the way for subsequent steps. Semi-destructive disassembly technologies will be key to developing efficient disassembly processes for end-of-life automotive traction batteries. Laser-based separation technologies have emerged as a promising emerging technological approach. Following a systematic search in multiple databases, the obtained records underwent a comprehensive descriptive analysis in terms of both regional and historical context, while key inventors and assignees were identified. Furthermore, citation networks have been identified to provide an overview of the patent landscape and the interrelations within this field. Moreover, an analysis concerning the International Patent Classification and the Cooperative Patent Classification was conducted. An in-depth analysis of relevant patents provides insights into the specific techno-strategic elements currently pursued. The study yields an implication and recommendation framework for research, industry, and policy makers to drive the industrialization of laser-based disassembly technologies as an avenue for efficient end-of-life automotive traction battery disassembly of the future. This framework enables relevant stakeholders to drive their techno-strategic developments in the field of laser-based disassembly, resulting in enhanced laser-based semi-destructive disassembly technologies.

电池回收是交通领域去碳化的重要组成部分。拆卸步骤是电池回收工艺链中的关键因素，因为它为后续步骤铺平了道路。半破坏性拆解技术将是为报废汽车牵引电池开发高效拆解工艺的关键。基于激光的分离技术已成为一种前景广阔的新兴技术方法。在对多个数据库进行系统搜索后，对所获得的记录进行了全面的区域和历史背景描述性分析，同时确定了关键发明人和受让人。此外，还确定了引文网络，以提供该领域的专利概况和相互关系。此外，还对国际专利分类和合作专利分类进行了分析。通过对相关专利的深入分析，可以深入了解当前所追求的具体技术战略要素。研究为研究、工业和政策制定者提供了一个影响和建议框架，以推动基于激光的拆卸技术的产业化，为未来高效的报废汽车牵引电池拆卸提供途径。该框架使相关利益方能够推动其在激光拆卸领域的技术战略发展，从而提高激光半破坏性拆卸技术的水平。

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引用次数: 0

Factors affecting patent applicant choice of International Searching Authority 影响专利申请人选择国际检索机构的因素

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102323

Yoshiyuki Osabe

The PCT applications can be an indicator of patented technologies that firms consider important and valuable. Since an International Search Report (ISR) is the primary information that determines the value of the PCT application, it is the most important point thorough the PCT filing process for the PCT applicant to choose an appropriate ISA who issues the ISR. The author analyzed WO patent publication data and found which IP office as ISA tend to be chosen by PCT applicants, especially by the US applicants. The result shows that many PCT applicants have chosen EPO as ISA, and many US companies have been influencing this tendency. The author also found that the tendency differs from the entities of PCT applicants, that is to say, while universities/laboratories, hospitals and foundations in the United States tend to select UPSTO as ISA, many US companies select EPO as ISA. The results also shows that a part of the US applicants who filed pct applications with uspto have selected kipo, because of korea's technological specialisations in certain fields.

PCT 申请可以作为企业认为重要和有价值的专利技术的指标。由于国际检索报告（ISR）是决定PCT申请价值的主要信息，因此PCT申请人在PCT申请过程中最重要的一点就是选择一个合适的国际检索机构来出具国际检索报告。笔者分析了WO专利公布数据，发现PCT申请人，尤其是美国申请人倾向于选择哪个知识产权局作为ISA。结果表明，许多 PCT 申请人选择 EPO 作为 ISA，许多美国公司对这一趋势产生了影响。作者还发现，这种倾向与 PCT 申请人的实体不同，也就是说，美国的大学/实验室、医院和基金会倾向于选择 UPSTO 作为 ISA，而许多美国公司则选择 EPO 作为 ISA。结果还显示，在向美国专利商标局提交 PCT 申请的美国申请人中，有一部分选择了韩国专利商标局，因为韩国在某些领域具有技术专长。

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of the current status and future trends of microalgae bioreactors using patent and bibliometric approaches 利用专利和文献计量学方法全面分析微藻生物反应器的现状和未来趋势

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102319

Zhen Zhang , Jingyun Chen , Ning Yang , Rongqing Zhang

To gain a better understanding of the research status and development trends in microalgae bioreactors, this article conducted a search and visual analysis of patents and literature related to this field from 2003 to 2022 on PatSnap patent platform and the Web of Science database. A systematic coupling model was also built between patents and literature in this subject to compare and assess research states and hotspots. Our findings indicate that while the number of publications in the literature on microalgae bioreactors has been increasing, the number of patent applications has decreased since 2015. Literature on microalgae bioreactors primarily focuses on the use of different bioreactors to cultivate microalgae, treat wastewater, and generate biofuel. Meanwhile, patented technology research is mainly concentrated on the study and transformation of microorganisms and their components. The overall trend in this field shows a decreasing coupling degree, suggesting that the field of microalgae bioreactors has reached a mature stage and is currently experiencing a bottleneck period. This article utilizes a combination of literature visualization and patent analysis to identify technological gaps within the field of microalgae bioreactors. It provides guidance for the industrial development of microalgae biomass, and as such, is of great benefit in addressing the interdisciplinary challenges faced by researchers in this area.

为了更好地了解微藻生物反应器的研究现状和发展趋势，本文在 PatSnap 专利平台和 Web of Science 数据库上对 2003 年至 2022 年与该领域相关的专利和文献进行了检索和可视化分析。此外，还在该主题的专利和文献之间建立了一个系统耦合模型，以比较和评估研究状态和热点。我们的研究结果表明，虽然有关微藻生物反应器的文献发表数量一直在增加，但自2015年以来专利申请数量却在减少。有关微藻生物反应器的文献主要集中在利用不同的生物反应器来培养微藻、处理废水和生成生物燃料。同时，专利技术研究主要集中在微生物及其成分的研究和转化上。该领域的总体趋势是耦合度不断降低，表明微藻生物反应器领域已进入成熟期，目前正处于瓶颈期。本文利用文献可视化和专利分析相结合的方法，找出了微藻生物反应器领域的技术差距。它为微藻生物质的工业发展提供了指导，因此，对解决该领域研究人员面临的跨学科挑战大有裨益。

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引用次数: 0

Leveraging NLP and web knowledge graphs to harmonize locations: A case study on US patent transactions 利用 NLP 和网络知识图谱协调位置：美国专利交易案例研究

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102320

Grazia Sveva Ascione , Andrea Vezzulli

In the present study, we introduce a novel methodology for the harmonization and standardization of locations associated with patent transactions recorded at the USPTO from 2005 to 2022. Using natural language processing (NLP) techniques in conjunction with search engine-based web knowledge graphs, our method comprises four phases: data pre-processing, semantic clustering, exploitation of web-knowledge graphs, and API-driven harmonization. Initiating our analysis with a dataset of 63,838 unique locations, our methodology effectively reduces this number by more than 50 %. This approach exhibits an accuracy rate of approximately 92 %. The resulting geolocated dataset of companies’ patent transactions offers a valuable resource for fine-grained geographical analyses of the markets for technology; in particular, we provide examples of relevant economic insights which can be learned from looking at the geographical patterns of those transactions.

在本研究中，我们介绍了一种新方法，用于统一和标准化美国专利商标局 2005 年至 2022 年记录的专利交易相关位置。利用自然语言处理 (NLP) 技术和基于搜索引擎的网络知识图谱，我们的方法包括四个阶段：数据预处理、语义聚类、网络知识图谱利用和 API 驱动的统一。我们的分析以一个包含 63,838 个独特地点的数据集为起点，我们的方法有效地将这一数字减少了 50% 以上。这种方法的准确率约为 92%。由此产生的公司专利交易地理位置数据集为技术市场的精细地理分析提供了宝贵的资源；特别是，我们举例说明了从这些交易的地理模式中可以了解到的相关经济见解。

引用次数: 0

Intellectual property and exit strategies among SMEs: A scoping review and framework 中小企业的知识产权和退出战略：范围审查和框架

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102318

Hady M. Khawand , Markus Kittler , Dimitri Mortelmans , Udo Chrisitan Braendle

While studies have focused on the role of intellectual property (IP) strategies for growth at the macro and micro levels, there remains a notable gap in comprehensively understanding the nexus between IP and exit strategies. This scoping review examines the link between firms' IP and exit strategies. It takes a particular interest in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), focusing on mergers and acquisitions. This study synthesizes the literature on the role that IP strategies play in smaller firms' exit strategies and the distinctive challenges they face, proposing a comprehensive framework for understanding these dynamics. It further highlights a persistent gap in the literature on the influence of IP awareness on SMEs' exit strategies. Using established data sources and multiple filter procedures, the search yielded 87 relevant articles. Only a few studies examine the roles of IP awareness and IP strategy within business strategies. Studies explicitly researching the influence of IP strategies on exit strategies remain particularly scarce. The findings underscore the importance of integrating IP awareness and IP strategy more thoroughly into management theory and practice to enhance SMEs’ competitive advantage and facilitate successful exits.

虽然有关知识产权（IP）战略对宏观和微观层面增长的作用的研究一直是重点，但在全面了解知识产权与退出战略之间的关系方面仍存在明显差距。本范围界定研究探讨了企业知识产权与退出战略之间的联系。它特别关注中小型企业 (SME)，重点是兼并和收购。本研究综述了有关知识产权战略在小型企业退出战略中的作用及其面临的独特挑战的文献，提出了一个理解这些动态的综合框架。它进一步强调了知识产权意识对中小型企业退出战略的影响这一文献中长期存在的空白。利用已建立的数据源和多重过滤程序，检索到了 87 篇相关文章。只有少数研究探讨了知识产权意识和知识产权战略在企业战略中的作用。明确研究知识产权战略对退出战略的影响的研究仍然特别少。研究结果强调了将知识产权意识和知识产权战略更全面地纳入管理理论和实践的重要性，以增强中小企业的竞争优势并促进其成功退出。

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引用次数: 0

Extreme citing behaviors in patents: When the duty of candor backfires 专利中的极端引用行为：当坦诚义务适得其反时

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102317

Elena M. Tur , Francesco Pasimeni

This paper analyses extreme citers: patents that cite an extremely high number of references to prior art. We find that around 17,000 patents, 0.04% of the total, contribute over 20 million references, 5% of the total. Extreme citers are a relatively new phenomenon, but they are becoming increasingly popular. They seem to be coming from a few applicants, notably Ethicon and Apple. We recommend researchers to carefully consider citations from extreme citers in their patent citation analyses.

本文分析了极端引用者：引用现有技术参考文献数量极高的专利。我们发现，约有 17,000 项专利（占专利总数的 0.04%）提供了超过 2,000 万条参考文献，占专利总数的 5%。极端引用者是一种相对较新的现象，但它们正变得越来越流行。它们似乎来自少数申请人，特别是 Ethicon 和 Apple。我们建议研究人员在专利引用分析中仔细考虑极端引用者的引用。

引用次数: 0

Strategic portfolio management of university-owned patents for commercializing inventions 对大学拥有的专利进行战略性组合管理，以实现发明的商业化

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102306

Volkan Okutan, Muhammed Zahid Kasapoğlu

In the contemporary knowledge-driven economy, universities are pivotal in generating intellectual property through research. Efficiently managing and commercializing the resulting patents are critical for fostering innovation and economic growth. This article presents a comprehensive framework for the strategic portfolio management of university-owned patents, focusing on effective patent selection and periodic evaluation through a structured scoring system. Drawing inspiration from international experiences such as the Bayh-Dole Act, the framework incorporates scoring scales that evaluate novelty, inventive step, commercialization potential, and inventor team status. The process guides universities in selecting patents for their portfolio and periodically reevaluating their relevance. This systematic approach aims to optimize patent commercialization efforts, enhance innovation transfer, and align universities' patent portfolios with their strategic goals. However, the framework is not without limitations, including subjectivity in scoring and evolving market dynamics. Future research directions could address these limitations and further refine the framework to maximize the impact of university-owned patents in driving innovation and economic progress.

在当代知识驱动型经济中，大学在通过研究产生知识产权方面举足轻重。有效管理和商业化由此产生的专利对于促进创新和经济增长至关重要。本文介绍了大学专利战略组合管理的综合框架，重点是通过结构化评分系统进行有效的专利选择和定期评估。该框架从 Bayh-Dole 法案等国际经验中汲取灵感，纳入了评估新颖性、创造性、商业化潜力和发明人团队状况的评分标准。该流程指导大学为其专利组合选择专利，并定期重新评估其相关性。这种系统化的方法旨在优化专利商业化工作，加强创新转让，并使大学的专利组合与其战略目标保持一致。不过，该框架也并非没有局限性，包括评分的主观性和不断变化的市场动态。未来的研究方向可以解决这些局限性，并进一步完善该框架，最大限度地发挥大学专利在推动创新和经济进步方面的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring technological applications through LDA-based patent mining: A metaverse ontology construction 通过基于 LDA 的专利挖掘探索技术应用：元宇宙本体构建

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102314

Ai-Che Chang, Jie-Shan Lin

The development of the metaverse ecosystem drives technological innovations and economic benefits, which correlate well with patent technologies. Ontology is crucial for formulating strategies and practices in metaverse technology by providing a clear knowledge map to navigate this complex domain. The proposed methodology aims to discover implicit domain knowledge and construct an ontology, allowing for dynamic and efficient visualization of domain knowledge. Clustering analysis categorizes patent technologies into subdomains, while LDA topic modeling structures knowledge properties into an ontology schema. The study analyzes 1967 metaverse technology patents granted between 2020 and 2022 from the InnovationQ Plus database. The research confirms that metaverse ecosystems encompass multiple international patent classifications (IPCs) and the three advanced technology clusters (i.e., immersive technology, AI-based computing networks, and financial security authentication) with their topics. Recent metaverse patent trends highlight applications in autonomous vehicles, entertainment and advertising, and privacy/security protections. This method is applicable for tracking technology trends across various domains.

元数据生态系统的发展推动了技术创新和经济效益的提高，这与专利技术密切相关。本体对于制定元数据技术的战略和实践至关重要，它提供了一个清晰的知识图谱，以便在这个复杂的领域中游刃有余。所提出的方法旨在发现隐含的领域知识并构建本体，从而实现领域知识的动态和高效可视化。聚类分析将专利技术归类为子领域，而 LDA 主题建模则将知识属性结构化为本体模式。该研究分析了创新Q Plus数据库中2020年至2022年间授权的1967项元宇宙技术专利。研究证实，元宇宙生态系统包含多个国际专利分类（IPC）和三个先进技术集群（即沉浸式技术、基于人工智能的计算网络和金融安全认证）及其主题。最近的元宇宙专利趋势突出了在自动驾驶汽车、娱乐和广告以及隐私/安全保护方面的应用。这种方法适用于跟踪各个领域的技术趋势。

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引用次数: 0

Literature listing 文献目录

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102305

Susan Bates

Welcome to the latest quarterly Literature Listing intended as a current awareness service for readers indicating newly published books, journal, and conference articles on IP management; Information Retrieval Techniques; Patent Landscapes; Education & Certification; and Legal & Intellectual Property Office Matters. The current Literature Listing was compiled end-August 2024. Key resources include Scopus, Digital Commons, publishers' RSS feeds, and serendipity! This article gives a selection of interesting references to whet your appetite - the full list of references can be found in the companion datafile.

欢迎阅读最新的《文献目录》季刊，该季刊旨在为读者提供最新信息服务，介绍有关知识产权管理、信息检索技术、专利格局、教育与认证以及法律与知识产权局事务的新出版书籍、期刊和会议文章。当前的文献列表于 2024 年 8 月底编制完成。主要资源包括 Scopus、Digital Commons、出版商的 RSS 源和偶然性！本文精选了一些有趣的参考文献，以满足您的胃口--完整的参考文献列表可在配套的数据文件中找到。

引用次数: 0

Antihypertensive peptides from photosynthetic microorganisms: A systematic patent review (2010–2023) 来自光合微生物的抗高血压肽：系统性专利综述（2010-2023 年）

IF 2.2 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

World Patent Information

Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.wpi.2024.102304

Karoline Mirella Soares de Souza , Ariadne Tennyle Vieira de Souza , Raquel Pedrosa Bezerra , Ana Lucia Figueiredo Porto

Microalgae are rich sources of biomolecules, especially proteins and peptides, with bioactive properties, such as antihypertensive action that act through the inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Innovation in production methods of these peptides is crucial to make them more efficient and accessible. The aim of this work aims to review patents about antihypertensive peptides from microalgae. The search was conducted on three electronic databases between 2010 and 2023. The search covered 2248 patents, which only 6 met the inclusion criteria. All patents were filed on the Asian continent, particularly in the China and Korea. Spirulina, Chlorella and Nannochloropsis oculate were more reported, being used in the production of medicines and/or pharmaceutical compositions. The majority of patents filed show obtention methods and alternatives for producing peptides, containing 3 to 7 amino acid sequences. The highest concentration of patents was about medical treatments or examinations (A61) followed by food or methods or food products (A23) and involving chemical compounds or extraction methods for pharmaceutical products (C07). Thus, this study provided a comprehensive view of technological innovations related to methods of producing peptides from microalgae, contributing to advances in cardiovascular health and the development of new pharmaceutical bioproducts.

微藻是生物大分子的丰富来源，特别是蛋白质和肽，具有生物活性特性，如通过抑制血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）而发挥降压作用。这些多肽生产方法的创新对于提高其效率和普及性至关重要。这项工作旨在审查有关微藻抗高血压肽的专利。检索在三个电子数据库中进行，时间跨度为 2010 年至 2023 年。检索涵盖了 2248 项专利，其中只有 6 项符合纳入标准。所有专利都是在亚洲大陆申请的，尤其是在中国和韩国。螺旋藻、小球藻和裙带菜的报道较多，它们被用于生产药物和/或药物组合物。所申请的大多数专利显示了生产肽的方法和替代品，肽含有 3 至 7 个氨基酸序列。最集中的专利涉及医学治疗或检查（A61），其次是食品或方法或食品（A23），以及涉及化学合成物或医药产品提取方法（C07）。因此，这项研究全面展示了与微藻多肽生产方法有关的技术创新，有助于促进心血管健康和开发新的医药生物产品。

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