Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100646
Nicholas Groat
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Reassessing archaeological evidence for the Gandhāra still reconstruction and ‘Ancient Indian’ distillation hypothesis” [Archaeological Research in Asia 43 (2025) 100634]","authors":"Nicholas Groat","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100637
Itay Abadi, Adrian Nigel Goring-Morris
In this paper, we present a comprehensive techno-typological study of the lithic assemblages from two newly excavated sites in the Arava Valley (Israel), dated to ca. 24,000 years ago. The two assemblages feature comparable bladelet reduction sequences oriented to produce a variety of obliquely truncated backed bladelets made on straight, narrow blanks, with some typological variability detectable between them.
The Idan occupations are contemporaneous with the Masraqan and Nebekian industries during the early part of the Early Epipaleolithic (EEP) that, following Garrard and Byrd (2013), we refer to here as Initial Epipaleolithic (IEP).
We suggest that the Idan localities represent an IEP facies, stylistically more reminiscent of the Nebekian assemblages in the Transjordian highlands, but differing technologically in the absence of the microburin technique.
We highlight the different developmental trajectories of backed microliths in different regions within the Southern Levant, illustrating the complex cultural dynamics at the beginning of the Epipaleolithic.
We propose that these developmental trajectories are influenced by different population densities and adaptation strategies of forager groups in diverse environmental settings within the Levant.
{"title":"The lithic assemblages of Idan I and VII: New insights on the beginning of the Epipaleolithic in the Southern Levant","authors":"Itay Abadi, Adrian Nigel Goring-Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present a comprehensive techno-typological study of the lithic assemblages from two newly excavated sites in the Arava Valley (Israel), dated to ca. 24,000 years ago. The two assemblages feature comparable bladelet reduction sequences oriented to produce a variety of obliquely truncated backed bladelets made on straight, narrow blanks, with some typological variability detectable between them.</div><div>The Idan occupations are contemporaneous with the Masraqan and Nebekian industries during the early part of the Early Epipaleolithic (EEP) that, following Garrard and Byrd (2013), we refer to here as Initial Epipaleolithic (IEP).</div><div>We suggest that the Idan localities represent an IEP facies, stylistically more reminiscent of the Nebekian assemblages in the Transjordian highlands, but differing technologically in the absence of the microburin technique.</div><div>We highlight the different developmental trajectories of backed microliths in different regions within the Southern Levant, illustrating the complex cultural dynamics at the beginning of the Epipaleolithic.</div><div>We propose that these developmental trajectories are influenced by different population densities and adaptation strategies of forager groups in diverse environmental settings within the Levant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The medieval wall and trench system of China and Mongolia covers ∼4000 km and consists of a series of rammed-earth walls, ditches, and hundreds of associated structures. This was not a unified system but rather different sections that were built by different political entities and perhaps for different purposes between ca. 1000 to 1220 CE. Among those lines, the earliest is the northernmost section dated to the period of the Liao empire (916–1125 CE). It is located deep in the sparsely populated steppe of today's northeastern Mongolia (Dornod Province) as well as in parts of China and Russia. Recent excavations at Site 23 along the northern line revealed a rich and well-preserved faunal assemblage from a midden pit dated towards the end of the Liao empire (ca. 1050 CE). Common Mongolian domesticates sheep, goat, horse, cow, and dog were identified, as well as wild species: gazelle, rabbit, mustelids, large raptors, and fish, including Amur catfish. Based on bone fusion, size, and teeth eruption, many of the sheep/goat bones and dogs belong to very young animals under six months. Historical texts, such as the Liaoshi (Liao history) and Qidan guozhi (Records of the Kitan empire), were the only source of knowledge available regarding human-animal relations, as very little is known of subsistence practices during the Liao period from faunal analysis in itself. The historical record documents aspects of Liao-era animal husbandry, hunting, fishing, and imperial diplomatic/tributary animal exchange between the Liao governors and local tribes. Through integration of textual evidence and the excavated faunal material, we can interpret the subsistence activities of a distinct Liao frontier garrison for the first time, going beyond the often-generic descriptions of the historical record which pertain more to the elite than the common people. This analysis allows us a glimpse behind the texts at the varied and flexible economic practices taking place deep in the Mongolian steppe.
{"title":"Subsistence and survival along the medieval long-wall system of northern China and Mongolia: A zooarchaeological and historical perspective","authors":"Tikvah Steiner , Gideon Shelach-Lavi , Johannes S. Lotze , Zhidong Zhang , Amartuvshin Chunag , Angaragdulguun Gantumur , Rivka Rabinovich","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The medieval wall and trench system of China and Mongolia covers ∼4000 km and consists of a series of rammed-earth walls, ditches, and hundreds of associated structures. This was not a unified system but rather different sections that were built by different political entities and perhaps for different purposes between ca. 1000 to 1220 CE. Among those lines, the earliest is the northernmost section dated to the period of the Liao empire (916–1125 CE). It is located deep in the sparsely populated steppe of today's northeastern Mongolia (Dornod Province) as well as in parts of China and Russia. Recent excavations at Site 23 along the northern line revealed a rich and well-preserved faunal assemblage from a midden pit dated towards the end of the Liao empire (ca. 1050 CE). Common Mongolian domesticates sheep, goat, horse, cow, and dog were identified, as well as wild species: gazelle, rabbit, mustelids, large raptors, and fish, including Amur catfish. Based on bone fusion, size, and teeth eruption, many of the sheep/goat bones and dogs belong to very young animals under six months. Historical texts, such as the <em>Liaoshi</em> (Liao history) and <em>Qidan guozhi</em> (Records of the Kitan empire), were the only source of knowledge available regarding human-animal relations, as very little is known of subsistence practices during the Liao period from faunal analysis in itself. The historical record documents aspects of Liao-era animal husbandry, hunting, fishing, and imperial diplomatic/tributary animal exchange between the Liao governors and local tribes. Through integration of textual evidence and the excavated faunal material, we can interpret the subsistence activities of a distinct Liao frontier garrison for the first time, going beyond the often-generic descriptions of the historical record which pertain more to the elite than the common people. This analysis allows us a glimpse behind the texts at the varied and flexible economic practices taking place deep in the Mongolian steppe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-05-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100634
Nicholas Groat
The theory of ‘Ancient Indian’ distillation and its characteristic Gandhāra still are deeply entrenched in the historiography of science and technology. This paper advances recent critiques of this widely accepted hypothesis by presenting a new, systematic evaluation of the archaeological materials, typology, and chronology that underpin the Gandhāra still reconstruction. Ceramic vessels characterised as specialist components of a distillation apparatus dated to the late 1st mil. BCE - early 1st mil. CE have previously been framed as key evidence of a technological tradition integral to the global development of distillation. Central to this is a unique typological form known as the receiver-condenser, allegedly identified across South-Central Asia and displaying a continuity from its earliest ‘Indo-Greek’ shape to later Kushan forms. These morphological evolutions and cultural characterisations, often linked to narratives on major sociocultural processes, have become accepted without critical assessment. By presenting the first detailed survey of reported instances of the ‘receiver-condenser’, other specialist components within the Gandhāra still reconstruction, and their contexts, this paper highlights fundamental weaknesses within the distillation hypothesis. Survey results revealed that many reported components were consistently mistyped as apparatus parts, illustrating that ‘receiver-condensers’ did not follow consistent chronological phases or shapes. By challenging and deconstructing the Gandhāra still, this study calls for a re-examination of associated archaeological materials away from long-held assumptions on distillation. In tandem, the paper encourages wider re-evaluations of existing narratives on early distillation technology, exemplifying how archaeological typologies shape dialogues on technological innovations and their attached cultural labels.
{"title":"Reassessing archaeological evidence for the Gandhāra still reconstruction and ‘Ancient Indian’ distillation hypothesis","authors":"Nicholas Groat","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The theory of ‘Ancient Indian’ distillation and its characteristic Gandhāra still are deeply entrenched in the historiography of science and technology. This paper advances recent critiques of this widely accepted hypothesis by presenting a new, systematic evaluation of the archaeological materials, typology, and chronology that underpin the Gandhāra still reconstruction. Ceramic vessels characterised as specialist components of a distillation apparatus dated to the late 1st mil. BCE - early 1st mil. CE have previously been framed as key evidence of a technological tradition integral to the global development of distillation. Central to this is a unique typological form known as the receiver-condenser, allegedly identified across South-Central Asia and displaying a continuity from its earliest ‘Indo-Greek’ shape to later Kushan forms. These morphological evolutions and cultural characterisations, often linked to narratives on major sociocultural processes, have become accepted without critical assessment. By presenting the first detailed survey of reported instances of the ‘receiver-condenser’, other specialist components within the Gandhāra still reconstruction, and their contexts, this paper highlights fundamental weaknesses within the distillation hypothesis. Survey results revealed that many reported components were consistently mistyped as apparatus parts, illustrating that ‘receiver-condensers’ did not follow consistent chronological phases or shapes. By challenging and deconstructing the Gandhāra still, this study calls for a re-examination of associated archaeological materials away from long-held assumptions on distillation. In tandem, the paper encourages wider re-evaluations of existing narratives on early distillation technology, exemplifying how archaeological typologies shape dialogues on technological innovations and their attached cultural labels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100642
Esther Jacobson-Tepfer
This paper makes use of rock art (petroglyphs) to clarify two interconnected problems within the archaeology of the Mongolian Altai: the origins of yak domestication and the emergence of the culture of transhumance.
The yak (Bos grunniens) is the only large, domesticated animal appearing within the Early Bronze Age petroglyphic record of Mongolia's Altai mountains. Given the interest in this animal's domestication and use in the Tibetan Plateau and its importance in the development of transhumance in northern Inner Asia, the scientific neglect of the yak in Altai prehistory is problematic: its simultaneous appearance in the pictorial record with the wild yak (Bos mutus) strongly suggests that other than the Tibetan arena, there was a northern center of yak domestication in the Altai, from where it spread across the northern tier of Mongolia, the Sayan, and into present-day Buryatia. The petroglyphic record also allows us to reconstruct the early emergence of yak-based transhumance, first for hunting and foraging cultures (c. 3250–1800 BCE) and then for the development of high elevation pastoralism during the middle and late Bronze Age (c. 1800–1000 BCE).
The documentary evidence from rock art and its implication of a northern center of yak domestication support the argument for a background in the Early Bronze Age Afanasievo culture, itself credited with bringing the domestication of taurine cattle (Bos taurus) and sheep to northern Inner Asia. Consideration of compositions centered on yak imagery further reveals the social and cultural impact of Late Holocene environmental change as it forced people higher into the mountains for hunting and herding. Within the pictorial record involving the yak image is documented the contribution of that animal toward the shaping of high elevation habitation and culture in the Altai–Sayan uplift and beyond.
{"title":"Wild yaks, domesticated yaks, and the emergence of transhumant pastoralism in the Mongolian Altai","authors":"Esther Jacobson-Tepfer","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper makes use of rock art (petroglyphs) to clarify two interconnected problems within the archaeology of the Mongolian Altai: the origins of yak domestication and the emergence of the culture of transhumance.</div><div>The yak (<em>Bos grunniens</em>) is the only large, domesticated animal appearing within the Early Bronze Age petroglyphic record of Mongolia's Altai mountains. Given the interest in this animal's domestication and use in the Tibetan Plateau and its importance in the development of transhumance in northern Inner Asia, the scientific neglect of the yak in Altai prehistory is problematic: its simultaneous appearance in the pictorial record with the wild yak (<em>Bos mutus</em>) strongly suggests that other than the Tibetan arena, there was a northern center of yak domestication in the Altai, from where it spread across the northern tier of Mongolia, the Sayan, and into present-day Buryatia. The petroglyphic record also allows us to reconstruct the early emergence of yak-based transhumance, first for hunting and foraging cultures (c. 3250–1800 BCE) and then for the development of high elevation pastoralism during the middle and late Bronze Age (c. 1800–1000 BCE).</div><div>The documentary evidence from rock art and its implication of a northern center of yak domestication support the argument for a background in the Early Bronze Age Afanasievo culture, itself credited with bringing the domestication of taurine cattle (<em>Bos taurus</em>) and sheep to northern Inner Asia. Consideration of compositions centered on yak imagery further reveals the social and cultural impact of Late Holocene environmental change as it forced people higher into the mountains for hunting and herding. Within the pictorial record involving the yak image is documented the contribution of that animal toward the shaping of high elevation habitation and culture in the Altai–Sayan uplift and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100648
Ladislav Damašek , Daniel Pilař , Markéta Šmolková , Kahramon Toshaliyev
This article summarises the results of excavations at the Kalai Hissor site, located in the Baysuntau piedmonts of Surxondaryo Province, southern Uzbekistan. A stratigraphic section was excavated, establishing the site's chronology. Two primary occupation phases were identified: the Early Medieval period (6th–8th century CE, designated as Phase III) and the High Medieval period (11th–early 13th century CE, designated as Phase II). Between these phases, the site remained uninhabited—a timeline corroborated by radiocarbon dating. During the Early Medieval occupation, the settlement was fortified with substantial defensive structures. Excavations yielded a variety of artifacts from both phases, including a notable assemblage of red-painted pottery and other ceramic types. Ceramic typologies for each Medieval phase were established based on these materials.
{"title":"Kalai Hissor - Medieval site in Baysuntau piedmonts. Stratigraphic analysis","authors":"Ladislav Damašek , Daniel Pilař , Markéta Šmolková , Kahramon Toshaliyev","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article summarises the results of excavations at the Kalai Hissor site, located in the Baysuntau piedmonts of Surxondaryo Province, southern Uzbekistan. A stratigraphic section was excavated, establishing the site's chronology. Two primary occupation phases were identified: the Early Medieval period (6th–8th century CE, designated as Phase III) and the High Medieval period (11th–early 13th century CE, designated as Phase II). Between these phases, the site remained uninhabited—a timeline corroborated by radiocarbon dating. During the Early Medieval occupation, the settlement was fortified with substantial defensive structures. Excavations yielded a variety of artifacts from both phases, including a notable assemblage of red-painted pottery and other ceramic types. Ceramic typologies for each Medieval phase were established based on these materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Castles are among the structures that have always played important roles in various periods and regions of the world due to their multiple functions. The Dailam region in northern Iran is one such area where studying its castles is significant, particularly because of their strategic location, especially during the early Islamic period. This paper examines the role of these castles in the governance and security of the region, as well as the social, economic, and defensive stabilizing power of their inhabitants, focusing on the results of excavations conducted at the Sansiz Castle in Tarom, northern Iran. It appears that, in addition to their administrative role, the defensive and military advantages of these castles likely contributed to the political, economic, and social influence of the nobles who inhabited them, as well as the security of the region's population. The conclusion highlights the constructive role of these fortresses in stabilizing social, economic, and defensive power, making them strategic sites in the region.
{"title":"The castles of Dailam: Fortresses of power provision for the noble residences of northern Iran","authors":"Hamid Azizi Bondarabady , Hamzeh Karimi , Benham Ghanbari","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Castles are among the structures that have always played important roles in various periods and regions of the world due to their multiple functions. The Dailam region in northern Iran is one such area where studying its castles is significant, particularly because of their strategic location, especially during the early Islamic period. This paper examines the role of these castles in the governance and security of the region, as well as the social, economic, and defensive stabilizing power of their inhabitants, focusing on the results of excavations conducted at the Sansiz Castle in Tarom, northern Iran. It appears that, in addition to their administrative role, the defensive and military advantages of these castles likely contributed to the political, economic, and social influence of the nobles who inhabited them, as well as the security of the region's population. The conclusion highlights the constructive role of these fortresses in stabilizing social, economic, and defensive power, making them strategic sites in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100636
Minkoo Kim
This study examines 135 tombs (ca. 350–550 CE) in Gyeongju and the surrounding areas in Korea to elucidate social differentiation among the elites of the Silla Kingdom. Previous research has highlighted a vertical social stratification among the elites, assuming a correlation between social status and luxurious burial goods. By analyzing prestige items, tomb sizes, and locations, this study reveals that burial datasets support both vertical and horizontal differentiation within the elite hierarchy. Before 350 CE, emergent state leaders were signified by wooden-coffin tombs with iron weapons. These assemblages of burial goods persisted, but after 350 CE, the burial data indicate the emergence of two additional, distinctive elite identities: the highest-ranking individuals, evidenced by tumuli in central locations with lavish status symbols; and the mounted warrior group, characterized by burial goods that are modest yet represent direct enforcement power over broader regions. Notably, this study reveals some flexibility in the selection of luxury items in the highest-ranking tombs, challenging previous claims of strict regulation by sumptuary laws. These findings illustrate the social differentiation among the Silla elite, who wielded varying levels of economic, military, and ideological power essential for effective governance over an expanding territory.
{"title":"Enlivening warriors: Re-examining social rankings in the Silla Kingdom, Korea","authors":"Minkoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines 135 tombs (ca. 350–550 CE) in Gyeongju and the surrounding areas in Korea to elucidate social differentiation among the elites of the Silla Kingdom. Previous research has highlighted a vertical social stratification among the elites, assuming a correlation between social status and luxurious burial goods. By analyzing prestige items, tomb sizes, and locations, this study reveals that burial datasets support both vertical and horizontal differentiation within the elite hierarchy. Before 350 CE, emergent state leaders were signified by wooden-coffin tombs with iron weapons. These assemblages of burial goods persisted, but after 350 CE, the burial data indicate the emergence of two additional, distinctive elite identities: the highest-ranking individuals, evidenced by tumuli in central locations with lavish status symbols; and the mounted warrior group, characterized by burial goods that are modest yet represent direct enforcement power over broader regions. Notably, this study reveals some flexibility in the selection of luxury items in the highest-ranking tombs, challenging previous claims of strict regulation by sumptuary laws. These findings illustrate the social differentiation among the Silla elite, who wielded varying levels of economic, military, and ideological power essential for effective governance over an expanding territory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100647
Patcharaporn Ngernkerd, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Saritpong Khunsong
This paper examines the nature of the political boundary between the Dvāravatī and Ancient Khmer kingdoms in eastern Thailand between the 7th and 11th centuries CE. Using a theoretical framework based on the Mandala model, this frontier is examined via spatial analyses between the large, rectilinear towns such as Si Mahosot and Muang Phai and smaller, surrounding communities. The combination of settlement layout, epigraphy and sculptural remains shows a fluidity of cultural influence and power of Khmer kings in this peripheral region. The boundary between the two kingdoms is perhaps viewed as being a gap in settlement in the central plain of the region, but it shifted to the western part of eastern Thailand around the early 11th century CE. Such fluctuations in territorial boundaries are a common occurrence in the history of other ancient states.
{"title":"Political boundary between Dvāravatī and Ancient Khmer kingdoms: The recognition of ancient frontier networks in Eastern Thailand before the 11th century CE","authors":"Patcharaporn Ngernkerd, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Saritpong Khunsong","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the nature of the political boundary between the Dvāravatī and Ancient Khmer kingdoms in eastern Thailand between the 7th and 11th centuries CE. Using a theoretical framework based on the Mandala model, this frontier is examined via spatial analyses between the large, rectilinear towns such as Si Mahosot and Muang Phai and smaller, surrounding communities. The combination of settlement layout, epigraphy and sculptural remains shows a fluidity of cultural influence and power of Khmer kings in this peripheral region. The boundary between the two kingdoms is perhaps viewed as being a gap in settlement in the central plain of the region, but it shifted to the western part of eastern Thailand around the early 11th century CE. Such fluctuations in territorial boundaries are a common occurrence in the history of other ancient states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01Epub Date: 2025-06-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2025.100626
Anna Pineda , Don Matthews
The jar burial tradition in the Philippines is commonly perceived as a single entity, but it is clear from recent analysis that similarities are occurring throughout the region based on interment method and associated artefacts. Nevertheless, there is little discussion that includes jar forms and lids as basis for comparison. This study considers this information while also taking unpublished and untranslated reports into account. This research uses excavators' observations, unpublished photos, drawings, and reconstructed jars in museums to identify physical attributes. In doing so, a pattern emerges suggesting that the jars and lids are indicators of differing burial traditions. We distinguish at least four jar burial traditions in the Philippines based on the combined pattern of jar burial body form and their associated lids.
{"title":"Interpreting archaeological mortuary jar traditions in the Philippines: Forms, lids, and regional connections in Island Southeast Asia","authors":"Anna Pineda , Don Matthews","doi":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ara.2025.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The jar burial tradition in the Philippines is commonly perceived as a single entity, but it is clear from recent analysis that similarities are occurring throughout the region based on interment method and associated artefacts. Nevertheless, there is little discussion that includes jar forms and lids as basis for comparison. This study considers this information while also taking unpublished and untranslated reports into account. This research uses excavators' observations, unpublished photos, drawings, and reconstructed jars in museums to identify physical attributes. In doing so, a pattern emerges suggesting that the jars and lids are indicators of differing burial traditions. We distinguish at least four jar burial traditions in the Philippines based on the combined pattern of jar burial body form and their associated lids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51847,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Research in Asia","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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