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‘Selling the creative city’: Wellington tourism film in the neoliberal era “销售创意城市”:新自由主义时代的惠灵顿旅游电影
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2019.1693149
Diego Bonelli, Thierry Jutel, Alfio Leotta
ABSTRACT Since the beginning of the Twentieth Century tourism films have constituted a significant part of New Zealand film production. In fact, films made and/or used for tourism promotion have been released for domestic and overseas circulation by both government-led and private film production companies. Over the last 10 years the institutions in charge of Wellington tourism marketing have been increasingly relying on social media platforms such as Youtube and Facebook to globally circulate images of New Zealand’s capital city. Indeed, since 2007, 20 tourism marketing campaigns conceived for social media circulation featured in WellingtonNZ Youtube channel. This article will focus on three of these campaigns: the Vampire’s Guide to Vellington (2014); the It’s Never Just a Weekend When It’s in Wellington series (2014) and the LookSee series (2017). Through the analysis of these case studies, this article argues that contemporary Wellington tourism film production is a complex and multilayered process characterised by the cross-collaboration between local political stakeholders, local creatives and local businesses. Moreover, it highlights how the representation of Wellington as a cinematic and creative city, home of a globalised creative class has been informed by the neoliberal paradigm and by the persistence of a deeply-rooted settler gaze.
自20世纪初以来,旅游电影一直是新西兰电影制作的重要组成部分。事实上,政府主导的电影制作公司和私营电影制作公司都在国内和海外发行了用于宣传旅游的电影。在过去的10年里,负责惠灵顿旅游营销的机构越来越依赖于Youtube和Facebook等社交媒体平台,在全球传播新西兰首都的形象。事实上,自2007年以来,新西兰惠灵顿的Youtube频道上出现了20个为社交媒体传播而构思的旅游营销活动。本文将重点关注其中的三个活动:《维灵顿吸血鬼指南》(2014);《当它在惠灵顿》系列(2014年)和《LookSee》系列(2017年)。通过对这些案例研究的分析,本文认为当代惠灵顿旅游电影制作是一个复杂的多层次过程,其特点是当地政治利益相关者、当地创意人员和当地企业之间的交叉合作。此外,它还强调了惠灵顿作为一个电影和创意城市的代表,一个全球化创意阶层的家园,是如何被新自由主义范式和根深蒂固的定居者凝视所告知的。
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引用次数: 4
‘But do I care? No, I’m too old to care’: authority, unfuckability, and creative freedom in Jane Campion’s authorship after the age of sixty ”“但我在乎吗?不,我太老了,不在乎”:简·坎皮恩60岁后作品中的权威性、不可包装性和创作自由
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2019.1700022
Julia Erhart
ABSTRACT The twenty-first century has seen an increase in scholarly interest in the discursive construction of women film practitioners, yet much of this literature focusses on women at the younger- or middle-aged ends of the spectrum, leaving the positioning of older women directors unexamined. Taking Jane Campion as an important case study, this paper explores how Campion is depicted in critical discourses including journalistic responses from Cannes, comments by female industry peers, her self-construction in interviews, and via the television show Top of the Lake, with its unique focus on themes of women and aging. While there is consistency within each discourse in which Campion is situated, each emphasises different facets of Campion’s career. This article explores counter-discourses around aging as uttered by Campion and as apparent in Top of the Lake and provides evidence of an intensified biographical focus in critical commentary from this stage of Campion’s career. While not definitively attributable to Campion’s biological age, the critical recourse to biography may be enabled by the sheer longevity of Campion’s career and many decades in the public eye. Taken together, these constructions of ‘Campion’ are contradictory, however many succeed in putting pressure on hegemonic notions of gender and aging.
摘要二十一世纪,学术界对女性电影从业者的话语结构越来越感兴趣,但这些文献大多关注年轻或中年女性,而老年女性导演的定位则未经检验。本文以简·坎皮恩为一个重要的案例研究,探讨了坎皮恩在批评话语中的形象,包括戛纳的新闻回应、女性行业同行的评论、她在采访中的自我建构,以及通过电视节目《湖之巅》对女性和老龄化主题的独特关注。虽然坎皮恩所处的每一个话语都是一致的,但每一个都强调了坎皮恩职业生涯的不同方面。本文探讨了坎皮恩所说的以及在《湖之巅》中明显存在的关于衰老的反话语,并为坎皮恩职业生涯这一阶段的评论中强化传记关注提供了证据。虽然不能完全归因于坎皮恩的生理年龄,但坎皮恩职业生涯的漫长和在公众眼中的几十年可能促成了对传记的批判性引用。总之,“Campion”的这些结构是矛盾的,尽管许多结构成功地向性别和老龄化的霸权观念施加了压力。
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引用次数: 1
Editor’s Introduction 编辑器的介绍
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2019.1591655
A. Lambert
Welcome to the first issue of Studies in Australasian Cinema for 2019. This issue comprises two articles which deal with the paradoxical themes at work in politicised representations of gender and sexuality. In ‘Riding in cars as girls: discourses of victimhood, power and agency in Beneath Clouds and American Honey’, Samantha Cater places Australian film Beneath Clouds in a relationship with the US road movie American Honey. In doing so, the article foregrounds the overlapping themes of passivity, victimisation and objectification of young women on the one hand, and notions of resilience agency and selfdetermination on the other. Likewise, in charting the visibility of gay and lesbian representation/production in Australian film in the 1970s, Jessie Matheson’s ‘“about gays by gays”: The politics of representation in early Australian gay film culture, 1971–1982’, reveals the twin imperatives of developing queer film culture: challenging and subversive, on the one hand, but bound in many ways by aesthetic and industrial demands of acceptability and intelligibility. As always, please enjoy this issue of Studies in Australasian Cinema.
欢迎收看2019年第一期《澳大拉西亚电影研究》。本期包括两篇文章,涉及性别和性的政治化表现中的矛盾主题。萨曼莎·卡特(Samantha Cater)在《女孩乘车:在《乌云之下》(Underground Clouds)和《美国蜜》(American Honey)中对受害者、权力和代理的论述中,将澳大利亚电影《乌云之下。在这样做的过程中,这篇文章一方面强调了年轻女性的被动、受害和物化,另一方面则强调了韧性代理和自决的概念。同样,在20世纪70年代澳大利亚电影中男女同性恋代表/制作的可见性图表中,Jessie Matheson的“关于同性恋者的故事”:澳大利亚早期同性恋电影文化中的代表政治,1971–1982”揭示了发展酷儿电影文化的双重必要性:一方面是挑战性的,但在许多方面受到审美和工业对可接受性和可理解性的要求的约束。一如既往,请欣赏本期《澳大拉西亚电影研究》。
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引用次数: 0
Riding in cars as girls: discourses of victimhood, power and agency in Beneath Clouds and American Honey 女孩坐车:《乌云之下》和《美国甜心》中关于受害者、权力和代理的论述
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2019.1578190
Samantha Cater
ABSTRACT While cars have long been associated with masculinity and youth within cinema – through a now long established tradition of the road movie – the representation of girls and/with cars is less common and often problematic. Here, I argue that an analysis of the ways in which girls are shown to interact with cars within two independent road movies can reveal much about discourses of victimhood, power and agency. In these films, girls are rarely shown to be at the wheel themselves, instead they are driven by men; these experiences as passengers are shown to be complex and fraught with danger. However, through these representations the audience are invited to recognise and acknowledge pervasive discourses of victimhood and, in so doing, a new space is created. This new discourse is one which both acknowledges victimhood, but at the same time recognises the resilience and agency of young women.
摘要尽管汽车长期以来一直与电影中的男子气概和年轻人联系在一起——通过现在早已确立的公路电影传统——但女孩和/或汽车的形象并不常见,而且往往存在问题。在这里,我认为,在两部独立的公路电影中,对女孩与汽车互动的方式进行分析,可以揭示很多关于受害者身份、权力和代理的论述。在这些电影中,女孩很少自己开车,而是由男人开车;乘客的这些经历是复杂的,充满了危险。然而,通过这些表现,观众被邀请认识和承认普遍存在的受害者话语,并在这样做的过程中创造了一个新的空间。这种新的话语既承认受害者身份,又承认年轻女性的韧性和能动性。
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引用次数: 1
‘about gays by gays’: the politics of representation in early Australian gay film culture, 1971–1982 “关于同性恋的同性恋”:1971-1982年早期澳大利亚同性恋电影文化中的政治表现
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2019-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2019.1591576
J. Matheson
ABSTRACT Following major film censorship reform in 1971 gay and lesbian Australians were, for the first time, able to see and tell their stories on screen. This change coincided with internationally revolutionary moments of gay and lesbian activism, which were largely centred around the notion of visibility. The new representational opportunities that gay and lesbian film offered quickly became tied to the political imperatives of the Australian iteration of this activist movement. A film sensibility also soon developed that was both particularly queer and particularly Australian. This article explores the extent to which the question of film audience became politicised in Australia following censorship reform in 1971, until the early 1980s, and the implications this had for gay and lesbian representation in film. It fills a gap in the scholarship on the film communities of this period, by interrogating the role gay and lesbian filmmaking groups played in creating a national gay and lesbian cinema culture, and raises questions about how the political and social are expressed through filmmaking within marginalised communities. By exploring the experience of two gay and lesbian filmmaking groups, it will show the ways in which questions of audience and representation influenced the political and aesthetic style of early Australian gay and lesbian film culture.
摘要继1971年重大电影审查改革之后,澳大利亚男同性恋者第一次能够在屏幕上看到并讲述自己的故事。这一变化恰逢国际上男女同性恋激进主义的革命性时刻,这些激进主义主要围绕着可见性的概念。男女同性恋电影提供的新的代表性机会很快与澳大利亚这一激进运动的政治需要联系在一起。一种电影情感也很快发展起来,既特别古怪,又特别澳大利亚。本文探讨了1971年审查制度改革后,直到20世纪80年代初,澳大利亚的电影观众问题在多大程度上被政治化,以及这对电影中男女同性恋形象的影响。它通过质疑同性恋电影制作团体在创建国家同性恋电影文化中所扮演的角色,填补了这一时期电影界学术界的空白,并提出了在边缘化社区中如何通过电影制作表达政治和社会的问题。通过探索两个同性恋电影制作团体的经验,它将展示观众和表现问题如何影响早期澳大利亚同性恋电影文化的政治和美学风格。
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引用次数: 1
Deconstructing the detour: a meld of theory and filmic practice to generate new knowledge 解构走弯路:理论与电影实践的融合,产生新的知识
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2018.1539540
P. Kelly
ABSTRACT Detour Off the Superhighway is a feature-length documentary film produced as the creative practice element of a PhD which examined media, aura, and filmic practice. The project sought to answer the key research question, ‘What are the implications of a modern filmmaker utilising traditional media technologies ahead of contemporary equipment?’. The film uses evocative autoethnographic methods to depict an experiment in which the researcher surrendered the use of modern media and communication technology for 80 days, instead opting for legacy image-making technologies from several different eras throughout history. In doing so, the film explores theories of auratic experience, slow media, and the consequences of ‘going offline’ in the modern world. The screen production research project utilised a hybrid methodology of autoethnography and practice-led research to address the research question. The analysis of theory raised questions about the way we experience media works, and informed the design of the 80-day experiment, which explored the implications of my foregoing various advances in filmmaking technology and which was documented and depicted in the documentary. This article demonstrates how a careful blending of theory and practice was used in this project to explore the ‘range of communities in which the work can stimulate dialogue’.
摘要《绕道而行》是一部长篇纪录片,作为博士生的创作实践元素,研究了媒体、氛围和电影实践。该项目试图回答一个关键的研究问题,“现代电影制作人将传统媒体技术置于现代设备之前会产生什么影响?”。这部电影使用了令人回味的民族志方法来描述一个实验,在这个实验中,研究人员放弃了使用现代媒体和通信技术80天,而是选择了历史上几个不同时代的传统图像制作技术。在这样做的过程中,这部电影探索了听觉体验、慢媒体以及现代世界“离线”的后果的理论。屏幕制作研究项目采用了民族志和实践主导研究的混合方法来解决研究问题。对理论的分析提出了对我们体验媒体作品的方式的质疑,并为80天实验的设计提供了信息,该实验探讨了我之前在电影制作技术方面的各种进步的影响,并在纪录片中进行了记录和描述。这篇文章展示了在这个项目中如何将理论和实践仔细结合,以探索“作品可以激发对话的社区范围”。
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引用次数: 0
General introduction 概述
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2018.1539284
A. Lambert
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引用次数: 0
The benefits of content analysis for filmmakers 内容分析对电影人的好处
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2018.1540097
Catalin Brylla
ABSTRACT In today’s mass-mediated society the plethora of available media content has become a ubiquitous pool of potential knowledge that is sourced in the absence of first-person experience about particular issues, events, individual people and communities. The resulting dispositions that lead to corresponding attitudes and behaviour in the real world are shared by spectators, as well as filmmakers. Hence, the way subjects are represented in media reflects these dispositions and provides an indicator for the current socio-cultural reality. An analysis of existing media content offers filmmakers a clearer insight into spectators' dispositions towards the stories and characters in their films, enabling them to challenge, reduce or strategically utilise social or narrative stereotypes and clichés. This article discusses the benefits of using content analysis and its methodology in the context of teaching documentary film practice at undergraduate level, although the same methodology can be used by established filmmakers who aim to engage in a critical or research-led film practice.
摘要在当今以大众为媒介的社会中,过多的可用媒体内容已经成为一个无处不在的潜在知识库,这些知识来源于缺乏关于特定问题、事件、个人和社区的第一人称经验。由此产生的倾向导致了现实世界中相应的态度和行为,观众和电影制作人都有同感。因此,主体在媒体中的表现方式反映了这些倾向,并为当前的社会文化现实提供了一个指标。对现有媒体内容的分析使电影制作人能够更清楚地了解观众对电影中故事和人物的倾向,使他们能够挑战、减少或战略性地利用社会或叙事的刻板印象和陈词滥调。本文讨论了在本科生纪录片实践教学中使用内容分析及其方法论的好处,尽管同样的方法也可以用于旨在从事批判性或研究主导的电影实践的知名电影制作人。
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引用次数: 6
Electroacoustic moviemaking: a creative media practice research collaboration case study 电声电影制作:创意媒体实践研究合作案例研究
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2018.1539539
Nicholas Cope, T. Howle
ABSTRACT Electroacoustic music composer Tim Howle, Professor of Contemporary Music at the University of Kent and academic and filmmaker Dr. Nick Cope, have been engaged in an ongoing creative practice collaboration since 2002. The collaboration has seen the production of a series of short films exploring notions of what it means to compose with sound and moving image in works where the sonic and visual are treated as commensurate partners. This work has been selected for festivals, conferences, concerts, installations and screenings internationally; published on DVD and through online audio-visual journals; and resulted in a number of papers, journal articles and a PhD addressing the working practices and research contexts of the collaborative output. The collaboration is both cross-disciplinary and inter-departmental in nature and gives rise to much that can be reflected on with regards to creative media practice based research in the academy. This paper addresses the challenges, opportunities and contexts the collaboration has engaged in with a particular emphasis on the research components of the work, and how these have developed and continue, as a case study of creative practice research. It will look at the different disciplinary contexts the work has arisen from and how that has both helped the work in finding audiences and outlets, research outcomes, and to navigate and address departmental and institutional research frameworks, requirements and limitations.
摘要电声音乐作曲家、肯特大学当代音乐教授Tim Howle和学者兼电影制作人Nick Cope博士自2002年以来一直在进行创作实践合作。此次合作制作了一系列短片,探索在声音和视觉被视为相称伙伴的作品中,用声音和运动图像创作意味着什么。这部作品被选为国际节日、会议、音乐会、装置和放映作品;通过DVD和在线音像期刊出版;并发表了许多论文、期刊文章和博士学位,阐述了合作产出的工作实践和研究背景。这种合作具有跨学科和跨部门的性质,在学院基于创造性媒体实践的研究方面产生了很多可以反思的东西。本文探讨了合作所面临的挑战、机遇和背景,特别强调了工作的研究组成部分,以及这些组成部分是如何发展和继续的,作为创造性实践研究的案例研究。它将着眼于这项工作产生的不同学科背景,以及这如何帮助这项工作找到受众和渠道、研究成果,以及引导和解决部门和机构的研究框架、要求和局限性。
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引用次数: 0
The cinematic moment: improving audience testing of movies 电影时刻:提高观众对电影的测试
IF 0.1 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2018-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/17503175.2018.1539542
Simon Weaving, Sandra Pelzer, M. Adam
ABSTRACT Whilst filmmakers intuitively believe that the movie experience must be emotionally engaging, audience testing continues to follow traditional approaches involving questionnaires and focus groups with insights mainly at the level of overall movie satisfaction. In this paper, we outline a theoretical framework for how the idea of the cinematic moment can support an improved test screening process for filmmakers, providing feedback for decisions about what narrative material is shown to the audience, what sequence it is to be ordered, and what emotional value it must carry. The paper also reveals the findings from the initial testing of the model using a commercially orientated 25-minute film in post-production, supported by interviews with industry practitioners.
虽然电影人直觉地认为电影体验必须是情感上的,但观众测试仍然遵循传统的方法,包括问卷调查和焦点小组,主要是在电影整体满意度的水平上。在本文中,我们概述了一个理论框架,说明电影时刻的概念如何支持电影人改进的试映过程,为决定向观众展示什么样的叙事材料、排序的顺序以及它必须携带什么样的情感价值提供反馈。本文还通过对行业从业者的采访,揭示了对模型进行初步测试的结果,该模型使用了一部面向商业的25分钟电影进行后期制作。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Studies in Australasian Cinema
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