This Article seeks to explore the installation Albertina Carri exhibited in the Sala Pays, next to the Monumento a las Victimas del Terrorismo de Estado (Monument to the victims of State Sponsored Terrorism) in the Parque de la Memoria (Remembrance Park) (Buenos Aires, Argentina). From September to November 2015, with his work Operacion fracaso y el sonido recobrado (Operation failure and the sound recovered), the filmmaker (Los rubios, Geminis, Cuatreros), makes an incursion into field of installation or the so called expanded cinema, proposing a kind of heterotopia to approach image as a space in which the image itself is transformed. This paper explores the work by reading it as an atlas in the light of obligatory references on the archive’s logic –Aby Warburg, Walter Benjamin- and on the figure of the specter –Jacques Derrida-.
本文旨在探讨Albertina Carri在Sala Pays展出的装置，该装置位于阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯纪念公园(Parque de la Memoria)的国家恐怖主义受害者纪念碑(Monumento a las victims del Terrorismo de Estado)旁边。2015年9月至11月，导演(Los rubios, gemini, Cuatreros)以作品《Operation fracaso y el sonido recobrado》(Operation failure and the sound recovered)进入装置领域或所谓的扩展电影院，提出了一种异托邦的方式，将图像作为一个空间来处理，在这个空间中图像本身被转化。本文通过阅读它作为一个地图集，在档案逻辑的强制性参考——艾比·沃伯格，沃尔特·本雅明——和幽灵的形象——雅克·德里达——的光下探索工作。
{"title":"Time regained archive. The form of imagination","authors":"Natalia Taccetta","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I20.3092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I20.3092","url":null,"abstract":"This Article seeks to explore the installation Albertina Carri exhibited in the Sala Pays, next to the Monumento a las Victimas del Terrorismo de Estado (Monument to the victims of State Sponsored Terrorism) in the Parque de la Memoria (Remembrance Park) (Buenos Aires, Argentina). From September to November 2015, with his work Operacion fracaso y el sonido recobrado (Operation failure and the sound recovered), the filmmaker (Los rubios, Geminis, Cuatreros), makes an incursion into field of installation or the so called expanded cinema, proposing a kind of heterotopia to approach image as a space in which the image itself is transformed. This paper explores the work by reading it as an atlas in the light of obligatory references on the archive’s logic –Aby Warburg, Walter Benjamin- and on the figure of the specter –Jacques Derrida-.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"50-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41914395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To mark the occasion of the centenary celebrations for Adolfo Sanchez Vazquez’s birth, a series of tributes were held in Mexico in 2015 to honor both his figure and legacy. This paper aims to analyze the concept of broken memory from the Spanish philosopher through different stages; first, as a memory of witness and victim, and years later as an effect of historical, political and vital discontinuity amid the experience of exile and the lack of memory in successive generations. From this seminal concept, we propose that the absent, forgotten, relegated and excluded memories which are implicit in broken memories have gained presence through various other devices intended to safeguard and use the past: commemoration and post-memory.
{"title":"Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez and the broken memories of the Spanish exiles of 1939 in Mexico: a seminal concept for the Sociology of the past","authors":"Laura Angélica Moya López","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I20.3093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I20.3093","url":null,"abstract":"To mark the occasion of the centenary celebrations for Adolfo Sanchez Vazquez’s birth, a series of tributes were held in Mexico in 2015 to honor both his figure and legacy. This paper aims to analyze the concept of broken memory from the Spanish philosopher through different stages; first, as a memory of witness and victim, and years later as an effect of historical, political and vital discontinuity amid the experience of exile and the lack of memory in successive generations. From this seminal concept, we propose that the absent, forgotten, relegated and excluded memories which are implicit in broken memories have gained presence through various other devices intended to safeguard and use the past: commemoration and post-memory.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"40-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42363902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Sáez, Cristhian Mendoza, Jorge Enrique Blanco García, D. Velásquez, Ivonne Andrea Robayo Cante
This paper aims to identify the imaginaries regarding the return of Colombian refugees residing in Ecuador by describing their migratory trajectories and the conditions under which these people –who left the country due to causes related to the armed conflict– would consider returning after the implementation of the peace deal. Empirical evidence was mainly collected through eleven focus groups in the city of Quito. The conclusion is that the end of the war is just the starting point for the return since refugees demand comprehensive and effective social support from the Colombian State in order to go back to the country.
{"title":"Imaginaries of the Return to Post-Conflict Colombia Discourses of Colombian Refugees in Ecuador","authors":"F. Sáez, Cristhian Mendoza, Jorge Enrique Blanco García, D. Velásquez, Ivonne Andrea Robayo Cante","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I20.3097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I20.3097","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to identify the imaginaries regarding the return of Colombian refugees residing in Ecuador by describing their migratory trajectories and the conditions under which these people –who left the country due to causes related to the armed conflict– would consider returning after the implementation of the peace deal. Empirical evidence was mainly collected through eleven focus groups in the city of Quito. The conclusion is that the end of the war is just the starting point for the return since refugees demand comprehensive and effective social support from the Colombian State in order to go back to the country.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"46 1","pages":"27-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71380465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores the role of the essay in the expression of knowledge and argues that this discursive style, in contrast with the academic paper as a form to disseminate knowledge, allows us to consider possible utopias, since it provides a link between past and present, between memory and oblivion, between the archaic and the prospective. This paper argues that the essay is a paroxismal narrative which rightly expresses the convergence of both past and present collective emotions in opposition to the scientificist rationality which is characteristic of the academic paper. This paper aims to reclaim the role of this discursive formula in the production of collective knowledge as well as to place it in its right context: that of the occurring pre-texts, particularly in the debate on the objectivity and subjectivity of knowledge-related procedures that takes place between the dynamics of the essay and the logic of the “scientific” paper. The link between the essay and the awareness of the collectively lived present, the connection of present utopian archaisms, will be shown by comparing the Medieval Universitates against the enlighted universities and the initiatory rites against the evidence of the sacred data. The goal of this comparison is to highlight knowledge-related writings that integrate emotions as knowledge entities.
{"title":"On the essay as a paroxismal form of the utopian thinking: present living pasts","authors":"Daniel Gutiérrez-Martínez","doi":"10.7238/d.v0i20.3099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/d.v0i20.3099","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the role of the essay in the expression of knowledge and argues that this discursive style, in contrast with the academic paper as a form to disseminate knowledge, allows us to consider possible utopias, since it provides a link between past and present, between memory and oblivion, between the archaic and the prospective. This paper argues that the essay is a paroxismal narrative which rightly expresses the convergence of both past and present collective emotions in opposition to the scientificist rationality which is characteristic of the academic paper. This paper aims to reclaim the role of this discursive formula in the production of collective knowledge as well as to place it in its right context: that of the occurring pre-texts, particularly in the debate on the objectivity and subjectivity of knowledge-related procedures that takes place between the dynamics of the essay and the logic of the “scientific” paper. The link between the essay and the awareness of the collectively lived present, the connection of present utopian archaisms, will be shown by comparing the Medieval Universitates against the enlighted universities and the initiatory rites against the evidence of the sacred data. The goal of this comparison is to highlight knowledge-related writings that integrate emotions as knowledge entities.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45953764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As expressed in our previous issue, we intend this subsection on Intellectual History to advocate the legacy of those authors who have been our support and with whom we have enhanced our perspective. This time, we offer a translation into Spanish of Georg Simmel’s essay “Tendencies in German life and thought since 1870” . The original version in German is lost and currently the only available version is the English one for which Professor W. D. Briggs of the Western Reserve University of Ohio was in charge. That essay was published in 1902 in The international monthly. A magazine of contemporary thought , where Georg Simmel was a member of the advisory board for the sociology section. We consider this an invaluable piece in which Simmel sets forth his analytical acuity and his characteristic relationism when dealing with the diverse forms in which German life in the early 20th century was manifested and when presenting his particular reading of Kant, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. In addition, a variety of issues which occupied him throughout his intellectual path such as the philosophy of culture, the feminine culture, religion, and historical materialism among others are present. We also expect this text to be useful in order to complement and relate ideas from other similar essays by Simmel already translated into Spanish. To end, we would like to thank Emeritus Professor Otthein Rammstedt, editor of the Georg Simmel Gesamtausgabe, for allowing us to publish this translation. Einer Mosquera (Editor), University of Antioquia (Colombia) Coeditor of Digithum
{"title":"Tendencies in German Life and Thought since 1870","authors":"G. Simmel","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3086","url":null,"abstract":"As expressed in our previous issue, we intend this subsection on Intellectual History to advocate the legacy of those authors who have been our support and with whom we have enhanced our perspective. This time, we offer a translation into Spanish of Georg Simmel’s essay “Tendencies in German life and thought since 1870” . The original version in German is lost and currently the only available version is the English one for which Professor W. D. Briggs of the Western Reserve University of Ohio was in charge. That essay was published in 1902 in The international monthly. A magazine of contemporary thought , where Georg Simmel was a member of the advisory board for the sociology section. We consider this an invaluable piece in which Simmel sets forth his analytical acuity and his characteristic relationism when dealing with the diverse forms in which German life in the early 20th century was manifested and when presenting his particular reading of Kant, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. In addition, a variety of issues which occupied him throughout his intellectual path such as the philosophy of culture, the feminine culture, religion, and historical materialism among others are present. We also expect this text to be useful in order to complement and relate ideas from other similar essays by Simmel already translated into Spanish. To end, we would like to thank Emeritus Professor Otthein Rammstedt, editor of the Georg Simmel Gesamtausgabe, for allowing us to publish this translation. Einer Mosquera (Editor), University of Antioquia (Colombia) Coeditor of Digithum","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45343115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobile phones have become critical tools through which people carry out essential activities in everyday life. Therefore, the sociological importance of these technological tools is increasing. This paper explores the daily relationship people have with mobile phones, paying special attention to the emotions experienced when using their devices. Based on qualitative fieldwork, the paper will explain the importance of emotional attachment to mobile phones in order to understand their integration into everyday life; as well as address the main emotional and affective meanings developed by the users towards their mobile phones derived from their physical/tactile experience/interaction with the devices.
{"title":"On the emotional attachment to mobile phones in everyday life","authors":"Lucía Merino","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3087","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile phones have become critical tools through which people carry out essential activities in everyday life. Therefore, the sociological importance of these technological tools is increasing. This paper explores the daily relationship people have with mobile phones, paying special attention to the emotions experienced when using their devices. Based on qualitative fieldwork, the paper will explain the importance of emotional attachment to mobile phones in order to understand their integration into everyday life; as well as address the main emotional and affective meanings developed by the users towards their mobile phones derived from their physical/tactile experience/interaction with the devices.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44139151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to point out some elements concerning the importance of the Essay in shaping Latin American critical thinking. To this end, it proposes to interweave two specific moments. Namely, the theoretical consideration of the epistemological value of the essay advanced by the Frankfurt School Critical Theory, and its particular function for Latin America, drawing on the historical context of Hispanic-American modernism, which covers the period of transit between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. What is asserted, by means of this relational procedure, is that the use of the essay, a form of knowledge linked to the process of European Enlightenment, was paramount to establish both the lines of action and the very particularity of this region, as well as to base what can be considered a form of Latin American critical thinking. Additionally, this paper argues that its use was a matter of historical awareness.
{"title":"Essay and autonomy in Latin America The role of Hispanic-American modernism in critical thinking in the region","authors":"Simón Puerta","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3025","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to point out some elements concerning the importance of the Essay in shaping Latin American critical thinking. To this end, it proposes to interweave two specific moments. Namely, the theoretical consideration of the epistemological value of the essay advanced by the Frankfurt School Critical Theory, and its particular function for Latin America, drawing on the historical context of Hispanic-American modernism, which covers the period of transit between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. What is asserted, by means of this relational procedure, is that the use of the essay, a form of knowledge linked to the process of European Enlightenment, was paramount to establish both the lines of action and the very particularity of this region, as well as to base what can be considered a form of Latin American critical thinking. Additionally, this paper argues that its use was a matter of historical awareness.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43865740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asserting the validity of the relational sociology, founded by Georg Simmel in the early twentieth century, entails a rereading of the foundations of the cognitive perspective guided by questions posed from the present. This is the task intended here and to carry it out, it is necessary to dismantle the aestheticizing reading of Simmel's thought that reduces the relational perspective to a mere copy of the aestheticized interconnectivity that characterizes contemporary societies. Nonetheless, saving Simmel from aestheticism does not mean ignoring his aesthetic concern, but to relocate it, finding a new way of addressing its relationship with his sociology. By proposing a reading of the aesthetic origin of Simmel’s cognitive perspective, we intend to recover the critical character that the insights of the Berlin sociologist risk losing when read as strokes of a modernist brush.
{"title":"The aesthetic foundation of the relational approach: Georg Simmel as a critical thinker","authors":"Lucía Wegelin","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3021","url":null,"abstract":"Asserting the validity of the relational sociology, founded by Georg Simmel in the early twentieth century, entails a rereading of the foundations of the cognitive perspective guided by questions posed from the present. This is the task intended here and to carry it out, it is necessary to dismantle the aestheticizing reading of Simmel's thought that reduces the relational perspective to a mere copy of the aestheticized interconnectivity that characterizes contemporary societies. Nonetheless, saving Simmel from aestheticism does not mean ignoring his aesthetic concern, but to relocate it, finding a new way of addressing its relationship with his sociology. By proposing a reading of the aesthetic origin of Simmel’s cognitive perspective, we intend to recover the critical character that the insights of the Berlin sociologist risk losing when read as strokes of a modernist brush.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital archives, as they are set up online by Indian stakeholders, perform the dual task of involving practices of lived memory and storing archival information. They decidedly claim to preserve the past, and they actively engage users as prosumers on the web who interact with the creation and sharing of the digital archives’ content. Two Indian digital archives exemplify how this is done successfully. These archives are thus digital spaces that scrutinize the distinct line between lieux de memoire and milieux de memoire as a conventional concept of distinguishing history from memory. Yet, at the same time, they rely on ideas of History and memory that reinvent notions of archives as authoritarian voices.
{"title":"Between Lived and Archived Memory: How Digital Archives Can Tell History","authors":"Katja Müller","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3085","url":null,"abstract":"Digital archives, as they are set up online by Indian stakeholders, perform the dual task of involving practices of lived memory and storing archival information. They decidedly claim to preserve the past, and they actively engage users as prosumers on the web who interact with the creation and sharing of the digital archives’ content. Two Indian digital archives exemplify how this is done successfully. These archives are thus digital spaces that scrutinize the distinct line between lieux de memoire and milieux de memoire as a conventional concept of distinguishing history from memory. Yet, at the same time, they rely on ideas of History and memory that reinvent notions of archives as authoritarian voices.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48469853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Comprehending the term “victim of human trafficking” as a classification in the sense of Ian Hacking (1999), we studied mundane institutional practices aimed at the classification of migrant sex workers as “victims of human trafficking” in German police offices, victim counselling centres, and in trials. Following the tradition of an ethnography of the state (Lipsky 1980, Dubois 2010), we regard the practices of so called street-level bureaucrats not as merely implementing national policies and legislation, but rather as producing governmental action as such in the first place. In doing so, institutional practices have to be understood and analysed within a bureaucratic context with emergent and deployed bodies of hybrid knowledge and discourse, which are the effect of and at the same time producing subjectifications that are deeply emotionally embedded. The bureaucrats’ emotions and beliefs actually inform the identification processes and the management of trafficking victims. Thus, instead of constituting a Weberian rational authority who solves problems exclusively in accordance with organisational and legal guidelines, the bureaucrat in our study appears to act according to modes of knowing that are always already situated within a specific social setting. This, we argue, changes the picture of governance. Thus, we shall theorise practices of governance that draw on emotional logics and affective rationalities within emergent state discourses and the ‘politics of pity’ (Aradau 2004) and, additionally, offer a new perspective on how to study the role of emotions, values, and affects in legal and bureaucratic classificatory practices.
{"title":"The Emotional Leviathan — How Street-Level Bureaucrats govern Human Trafficking Victims","authors":"Julia Leser, R. Pates, A. Dölemeyer","doi":"10.7238/D.V0I19.3088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7238/D.V0I19.3088","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehending the term “victim of human trafficking” as a classification in the sense of Ian Hacking (1999), we studied mundane institutional practices aimed at the classification of migrant sex workers as “victims of human trafficking” in German police offices, victim counselling centres, and in trials. Following the tradition of an ethnography of the state (Lipsky 1980, Dubois 2010), we regard the practices of so called street-level bureaucrats not as merely implementing national policies and legislation, but rather as producing governmental action as such in the first place. In doing so, institutional practices have to be understood and analysed within a bureaucratic context with emergent and deployed bodies of hybrid knowledge and discourse, which are the effect of and at the same time producing subjectifications that are deeply emotionally embedded. The bureaucrats’ emotions and beliefs actually inform the identification processes and the management of trafficking victims. Thus, instead of constituting a Weberian rational authority who solves problems exclusively in accordance with organisational and legal guidelines, the bureaucrat in our study appears to act according to modes of knowing that are always already situated within a specific social setting. This, we argue, changes the picture of governance. Thus, we shall theorise practices of governance that draw on emotional logics and affective rationalities within emergent state discourses and the ‘politics of pity’ (Aradau 2004) and, additionally, offer a new perspective on how to study the role of emotions, values, and affects in legal and bureaucratic classificatory practices.","PeriodicalId":51964,"journal":{"name":"Digithum","volume":"1 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44421232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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