M. Isa, Nurfatin Aina Mocktar, W. N. Ibrahim, M. S. Nurumal, M. K. Hasan
Background: Bullying is a common violence in school and has become a major public health and global concern. Bullying influences mental health and is identified as a leading factor of depression. Therefore, this study aimed to identify bullying prevalence and its association toward psychological disturbances (stress, anxiety, and depression). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Kuantan. After obtaining consent from parents/guardians, participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, including School Climate Bullying Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Questionnaire-21, Patient Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Demographic data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for variables. Results: A total of 207 students were included in this study. Of respondents, 50.7% were boys and 49.3% girls, and the majority (92.8%) were Malays. Of students, 63.2% were involved in bullying problems through the school years, with verbal bullying as the highest (55.1%). Bullying is significantly associated with stress (p = 0.045), anxiety (p = 0.018), and depression (p = 0.012). Conclusions: School children in Kuantan continue to be involved in bullying. The current study supported that involvement with any bullying activity was associated with psychological disturbances including anxiety, stress, and depression.
{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study on Bullying and Psychological Disturbances among Malaysian School Children","authors":"M. Isa, Nurfatin Aina Mocktar, W. N. Ibrahim, M. S. Nurumal, M. K. Hasan","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1243","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bullying is a common violence in school and has become a major public health and global concern. Bullying influences mental health and is identified as a leading factor of depression. Therefore, this study aimed to identify bullying prevalence and its association toward psychological disturbances (stress, anxiety, and depression). \u0000 \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Kuantan. After obtaining consent from parents/guardians, participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, including School Climate Bullying Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Questionnaire-21, Patient Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Demographic data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, and chi-square and correlation tests were conducted for variables. \u0000 \u0000Results: A total of 207 students were included in this study. Of respondents, 50.7% were boys and 49.3% girls, and the majority (92.8%) were Malays. Of students, 63.2% were involved in bullying problems through the school years, with verbal bullying as the highest (55.1%). Bullying is significantly associated with stress (p = 0.045), anxiety (p = 0.018), and depression (p = 0.012). \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: School children in Kuantan continue to be involved in bullying. The current study supported that involvement with any bullying activity was associated with psychological disturbances including anxiety, stress, and depression.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81972470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. K. Hasan, Nur Nabila Izzati Asmera, S. Sulaiman, M. S. Nurumal, Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd Hatta
Background: Musculoskeletal pain commonly affects the elderly, but the extent of this problem within the Malaysian community remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal pain among the elderly living in the community. Methods: Elderly individuals aged 60 years and above with musculoskeletal pain and intact cognition were recruited for this study. Musculoskeletal pain was scored using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and functional ability was assessed via the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. Mental wellbeing was evaluated using the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale, and risk of falling was determined via the Short Falls Efficacy Scale – International. Results: A total of 216 community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in this research. Knee pain was the most common pain type experienced by the participants in the past 12 months (58.8%) and 7 days (28.8%). This type of pain was also the most common reason cited by the elderly for their difficulty in working. Age, gender, and body mass index were not significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Musculoskeletal pain significantly impacts the functional ability and fear of falling of elderly individuals in the eastcoast region of Malaysia. Mental wellbeing scores indicated a decreasing trend, but no significant difference was noted.
{"title":"Prevalence and Impacts of Musculoskeletal Pain among the Elderly Living in The East Coast Region of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"M. K. Hasan, Nur Nabila Izzati Asmera, S. Sulaiman, M. S. Nurumal, Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd Hatta","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1239","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Musculoskeletal pain commonly affects the elderly, but the extent of this problem within the Malaysian community remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal pain among the elderly living in the community. \u0000Methods: Elderly individuals aged 60 years and above with musculoskeletal pain and intact cognition were recruited for this study. \u0000Musculoskeletal pain was scored using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and functional ability was assessed via the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. Mental wellbeing was evaluated using the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale, and risk of falling was determined via the Short Falls Efficacy Scale – International. \u0000Results: A total of 216 community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in this research. Knee pain was the most common pain \u0000type experienced by the participants in the past 12 months (58.8%) and 7 days (28.8%). This type of pain was also the most common reason cited by the elderly for their difficulty in working. Age, gender, and body mass index were not significant predictors of musculoskeletal pain in the elderly (p > 0.05). \u0000Conclusions: Musculoskeletal pain significantly impacts the functional ability and fear of falling of elderly individuals in the eastcoast region of Malaysia. Mental wellbeing scores indicated a decreasing trend, but no significant difference was noted.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84089076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming major challenges for health professionals. Health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) are one of the main criteria for determining health and recognized as the main factor affecting the development of chronic NCDs. This study aimed to determine factors affecting HPL practices among community residents. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Insein Township, Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 194 participants were recruited by using systematic sampling method, and self-administered questionnaires for sociodemographic characteristics and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were used for data collection. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were employed in the data analysis. Results: The overall mean score for HPL was 126.67 ± 21.29. The participants performed best in the spiritual growth subscale (25.1 ± 5.08) but worst in the physical activity subscale (14.23 ± 4.46). More than half (56.70%) of them had moderate HPL level. Participants’ HPL showed significant associations with education level, occupation, total family income per month, perception of health status, smoking, and drinking alcohol status (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the needs for redesigning health promotion programs to increase awareness of community residents on HPL, to empower them in developing HPL, and to apply them in their everyday lives.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Health-Promoting Lifestyles Among Community Residents at East Gyogone Ward, Insein Township","authors":"Rita Meemee, Naw Ohn Khin Khin, M. Aung","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1259","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming major challenges for health professionals. Health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) are one of the main criteria for determining health and recognized as the main factor affecting the development of chronic NCDs. This study aimed to determine factors affecting HPL practices among community residents. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Insein Township, Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 194 participants were recruited by using systematic sampling method, and self-administered questionnaires for sociodemographic characteristics and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were used for data collection. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were employed in the data analysis. Results: The overall mean score for HPL was 126.67 ± 21.29. The participants performed best in the spiritual growth subscale (25.1 ± 5.08) but worst in the physical activity subscale (14.23 ± 4.46). More than half (56.70%) of them had moderate HPL level. Participants’ HPL showed significant associations with education level, occupation, total family income per month, perception of health status, smoking, and drinking alcohol status (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the needs for redesigning health promotion programs to increase awareness of community residents on HPL, to empower them in developing HPL, and to apply them in their everyday lives.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78634223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Azera Hasra Ismail, S. A. Bakar
Background: Loneliness is a major social problem among the elderly all over the world. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among 380 community-dwelling older adults residing in Malaysia. A proportional stratified random sampling method was used to examine the relationship between health factors and loneliness. Data were collected using the short-form Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and RAND SF20. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, and data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows. Results: Results revealed that 32.6% of the respondents had social loneliness, 39.9% had emotional loneliness, and 9.2% had family loneliness. Bivariate analyses showed that social and emotional loneliness are significantly related to depression. Moreover, emotional and social loneliness were significantly associated with chronic illness. The results of the multiple logistic regression indicated that depression was a significant predictor of social loneliness (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1–5.7; p = 0.03) and that chronic illness (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.8; p = 0.02) remained a significant predictor of family loneliness. Conclusions: The loneliness prevalence experienced by older adults is at a low level. The classification of loneliness in this study would be beneficial in the establishment of loneliness intervention strategies.
背景:孤独是全世界老年人面临的一个重大社会问题。方法:对380名居住在马来西亚社区的老年人进行了社区调查。采用比例分层随机抽样方法对健康因素与孤独感的关系进行研究。数据收集使用成人社会和情感孤独量表、老年抑郁量表-15和RAND SF20。以p < 0.05为差异有统计学意义，采用Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows进行数据分析。结果:32.6%的受访者有社交孤独，39.9%的受访者有情感孤独，9.2%的受访者有家庭孤独。双变量分析表明，社交孤独和情感孤独与抑郁显著相关。此外，情感和社会孤独与慢性疾病显著相关。多元logistic回归结果显示，抑郁是社交孤独的显著预测因子(OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-5.7;p = 0.03)，慢性疾病(OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8;P = 0.02)仍然是家庭孤独的显著预测因子。结论:老年人的孤独感患病率处于较低水平。本研究对孤独感的分类有助于制定孤独感干预策略。
{"title":"Loneliness and Health Outcomes Among Malaysian Older Adults","authors":"Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Azera Hasra Ismail, S. A. Bakar","doi":"10.7454/msk.v25i2.1277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v25i2.1277","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Loneliness is a major social problem among the elderly all over the world. Methods: A community-based survey was conducted among 380 community-dwelling older adults residing in Malaysia. A proportional stratified random sampling method was used to examine the relationship between health factors and loneliness. Data were collected using the short-form Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and RAND SF20. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, and data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows. Results: Results revealed that 32.6% of the respondents had social loneliness, 39.9% had emotional loneliness, and 9.2% had family loneliness. Bivariate analyses showed that social and emotional loneliness are significantly related to depression. Moreover, emotional and social loneliness were significantly associated with chronic illness. The results of the multiple logistic regression indicated that depression was a significant predictor of social loneliness (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1–5.7; p = 0.03) and that chronic illness (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.8; p = 0.02) remained a significant predictor of family loneliness. Conclusions: The loneliness prevalence experienced by older adults is at a low level. The classification of loneliness in this study would be beneficial in the establishment of loneliness intervention strategies.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83298274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Norazilah Khalip, Rosnita Hashim, R. Harun, Nor, Fazlina Fazilah, Norazilah Mat Shah
Background: The evolution of nursing documentation from paper to electronic format aims to improve patient safety and care quality. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses toward electronic nursing process documentation. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 189 registered nurses who work in medical wards at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Simple random sampling was used. Respondents’ knowledge of electronic nursing documentation was measured using a questionnaire developed by Guedes, and their attitudes toward electronic nursing documentation were measured using a questionnaire developed by Hagos. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study, 50.8% of the respondents have a low knowledge level of electronic nursing documentation, and 89.4% have a positive attitude toward electronic nursing documentation. No significant relationship was found between sociodemographic factors, such as age, education level, working experience, knowledge level, and attitude, and electronic nursing documentation. Conclusions: Nurses had a higher knowledge level of and positive attitudes toward electronic nursing documentation. A longitudinal and comparative study was suggested for further research.
背景:护理文献从纸质到电子的演变旨在提高患者安全和护理质量。本研究旨在了解注册护士对电子护理流程文件的认知及态度。方法:本横断面研究以吉隆坡某教学医院189名在病房工作的注册护士为研究对象。采用简单随机抽样。调查对象对电子护理文件的了解程度采用Guedes编制的问卷，对电子护理文件的态度采用Hagos编制的问卷。数据分析采用Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows, p < 0.05被认为是显著的。结果:在本研究中，50.8%的受访者对电子护理文件的知识水平较低，89.4%的受访者对电子护理文件持积极态度。年龄、文化程度、工作经验、知识水平、态度等社会人口学因素与电子护理文件无显著相关。结论:护士对电子护理文件有较高的知识水平和积极的态度。建议进行纵向比较研究。
{"title":"Patient Care Delivery: Electronic Nursing Documentation in Malaysia","authors":"Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Norazilah Khalip, Rosnita Hashim, R. Harun, Nor, Fazlina Fazilah, Norazilah Mat Shah","doi":"10.7454/msk.v25i2.1288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v25i2.1288","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The evolution of nursing documentation from paper to electronic format aims to improve patient safety and care quality. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of registered nurses toward electronic nursing process documentation. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 189 registered nurses who work in medical wards at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Simple random sampling was used. Respondents’ knowledge of electronic nursing documentation was measured using a questionnaire developed by Guedes, and their attitudes toward electronic nursing documentation were measured using a questionnaire developed by Hagos. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 26.0 for Windows and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study, 50.8% of the respondents have a low knowledge level of electronic nursing documentation, and 89.4% have a positive attitude toward electronic nursing documentation. No significant relationship was found between sociodemographic factors, such as age, education level, working experience, knowledge level, and attitude, and electronic nursing documentation. Conclusions: Nurses had a higher knowledge level of and positive attitudes toward electronic nursing documentation. A longitudinal and comparative study was suggested for further research.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78228677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Little is known about the frequency of bullying victimization (BV) among adolescents in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. This study aims to assess the prevalence and correlates of frequent and infrequent BV among school-going adolescents in five ASEAN member states. Methods: The cross-sectional sample of the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) of 2015 comprised 33,184 school adolescents (14.6 years mean age) from five ASEAN countries. Students completed a paper-based, self-administered questionnaire on BV in their own languages during classroom periods. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict frequent and infrequent BV, with no BV as the reference category. Results: Results indicate that 30.6% of participants reported any past-month BV, 33.9% in boys and 27.5 in girls, ranging from 11.8% in Laos to 48.7% in the Philippines. In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis of students from the Philippines and Thailand, experience of hunger, sedentary behavior, attendance at physical education classes, being underweight, overweight, or obese, ever amphetamine use, physical assault, school truancy, participation in a physical fight, injury, low peer support, and psychological distress were all associated with BV. Conclusions: Approximately one in three adolescents was bullied. Several associated variables were identified which can assist in targeting strategies of intervention.
{"title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Frequent and Infrequent Bullying Victimization Among School Adolescents from Five Southeast Asian Countries","authors":"K. Peltzer, S. Pengpid","doi":"10.7454/msk.v25i2.1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v25i2.1282","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Little is known about the frequency of bullying victimization (BV) among adolescents in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states. This study aims to assess the prevalence and correlates of frequent and infrequent BV among school-going adolescents in five ASEAN member states. Methods: The cross-sectional sample of the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) of 2015 comprised 33,184 school adolescents (14.6 years mean age) from five ASEAN countries. Students completed a paper-based, self-administered questionnaire on BV in their own languages during classroom periods. Multinomial logistic regression was used to predict frequent and infrequent BV, with no BV as the reference category. Results: Results indicate that 30.6% of participants reported any past-month BV, 33.9% in boys and 27.5 in girls, ranging from 11.8% in Laos to 48.7% in the Philippines. In the adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis of students from the Philippines and Thailand, experience of hunger, sedentary behavior, attendance at physical education classes, being underweight, overweight, or obese, ever amphetamine use, physical assault, school truancy, participation in a physical fight, injury, low peer support, and psychological distress were all associated with BV. Conclusions: Approximately one in three adolescents was bullied. Several associated variables were identified which can assist in targeting strategies of intervention.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89421387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The proportion of the elderly in Riau Province was 4.8% higher than that (4.2%) in 2011. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health problem among the elderly. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for UI among the elderly (≥60 years). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 public health centers in Pekanbaru City in 2018. A total of 351 elderly meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, obesity, depression, cognitive impairment, smoking status, history of chronic cough, and history of lower abdominal surgery served as the independent variables and UI as the dependent variable. Data were collected through interviews facilitated by staff trained by the research team. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a predictive factor model to assess the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Results: The prevalence of UI was 6%, and the associated factors were chronic cough (prevalence odds ratio = 17.661; 95% CI: 6.380–48.884). Gender, age, education, and lower abdominal surgery were the confounding factors. Conclusions: Health workers at the public health center of Pekanbaru should educate the community and the elderly about the potential causes, prevention, and treatment of UI.
{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Urinary Incontinence among Elderly in Pekanbaru, Indonesia","authors":"Wulan Sari","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1217","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The proportion of the elderly in Riau Province was 4.8% higher than that (4.2%) in 2011. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health problem among the elderly. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for UI among the elderly (≥60 years). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 public health centers in Pekanbaru City in 2018. A total of 351 elderly meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, obesity, depression, cognitive impairment, smoking status, history of chronic cough, and history of lower abdominal surgery served as the independent variables and UI as the dependent variable. Data were collected through interviews facilitated by staff trained by the research team. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a predictive factor model to assess the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Results: The prevalence of UI was 6%, and the associated factors were chronic cough (prevalence odds ratio = 17.661; 95% CI: 6.380–48.884). Gender, age, education, and lower abdominal surgery were the confounding factors. Conclusions: Health workers at the public health center of Pekanbaru should educate the community and the elderly about the potential causes, prevention, and treatment of UI.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73917902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Childhood malnutrition is a global public health concern. For Myanmar, mothers play a prominent role in improving the nutritional status of children as they prepare meals for children. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 367 mother-child pairs (6–10 years). Significantly, systematic random sampling and structured questionnaires were utilized in this study. Results: The mean age of mothers was 35.73 ± 6.9 years, and a majority had fair nutritional knowledge (52.3%), good self-efficacy (79.8%), and good practice of meal preparation (59.4%). The prevalence of childhood malnutrition was categorized as stunting (18.2%), underweight (18.8%), wasting (13.3%), overweight (9.0%), and obesity (6.5%). Only 34.2% of children were in the normal nutritional status. The nutritional knowledge of mothers was associated with the age and education of mothers, child ownership, monthly food budget, and height-for-age (p < 0.05). Mothers’ self-efficacy was associated with education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and weight-for-age (p < 0.05). The meal preparation practice of mothers was associated with their education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age (p < 0.05). Nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy, and meal preparation practice of mothers were strongly correlated with each other (p < 0.001). BMI-for-age was associated with mothers’ education (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests improving the nutritional aspects of mothers by providing nutrition education combined with self-efficacy improving activities. This activity will lead to maintaining good nutrition in school-aged children.
{"title":"Mothers’ Nutritional Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Practice of Meal Preparation for School-age Children in Yangon, Myanmar","authors":"Wut Yee Phyo, Ohn Khin Khin, M. Aung","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood malnutrition is a global public health concern. For Myanmar, mothers play a prominent role in improving the nutritional status of children as they prepare meals for children. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 367 mother-child pairs (6–10 years). Significantly, systematic random sampling and structured questionnaires were utilized in this study. Results: The mean age of mothers was 35.73 ± 6.9 years, and a majority had fair nutritional knowledge (52.3%), good self-efficacy (79.8%), and good practice of meal preparation (59.4%). The prevalence of childhood malnutrition was categorized as stunting (18.2%), underweight (18.8%), wasting (13.3%), overweight (9.0%), and obesity (6.5%). Only 34.2% of children were in the normal nutritional status. The nutritional knowledge of mothers was associated with the age and education of mothers, child ownership, monthly food budget, and height-for-age (p < 0.05). Mothers’ self-efficacy was associated with education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and weight-for-age (p < 0.05). The meal preparation practice of mothers was associated with their education, child ownership, monthly food budget, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age (p < 0.05). Nutritional knowledge, self-efficacy, and meal preparation practice of mothers were strongly correlated with each other (p < 0.001). BMI-for-age was associated with mothers’ education (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study suggests improving the nutritional aspects of mothers by providing nutrition education combined with self-efficacy improving activities. This activity will lead to maintaining good nutrition in school-aged children.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aulia Karina Fitriananda, B. Kiswanjaya, Hanna H Bachtiar-Iskandar
Background: Periodontal disease is the second most common tooth and mouth disease in Indonesia. Moreover, radiographic examination is the most useful tool to evaluate alveolar bone loss and diagnose periodontal diseases. This study aimed to analyze radiographically the relationship between alveolar bone loss and age among patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: A total of 192 digital periapical images of patients aged 25–40 years were collected. Four regions were selected, including the maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary and mandibular first molars. Alveolar bone loss was measured in the mesial and distal surfaces. Results: The mean and standard deviation for alveolar bone loss in age categories 1 (age 25–32 years) and 2 (age 33–40 years) were 4.03 ± 1.46 and 5.23 ± 2.5 (mm), respectively. Alveolar bone loss demonstrated a significant relationship with patient’s age (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U test). Conclusions: The mean and standard deviation of alveolar bone loss reduction in patients with chronic periodontitis was 4.87 ± 0.2 (mm). The alveolar bone loss on the mandibular central incisors’ mesial surface is the highest among other regions.
{"title":"Alveolar Bone Loss Analysis on Dental Digital Radiography Image","authors":"Aulia Karina Fitriananda, B. Kiswanjaya, Hanna H Bachtiar-Iskandar","doi":"10.7454/msk.v25i2.1281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v25i2.1281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Periodontal disease is the second most common tooth and mouth disease in Indonesia. Moreover, radiographic examination is the most useful tool to evaluate alveolar bone loss and diagnose periodontal diseases. This study aimed to analyze radiographically the relationship between alveolar bone loss and age among patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods: A total of 192 digital periapical images of patients aged 25–40 years were collected. Four regions were selected, including the maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary and mandibular first molars. Alveolar bone loss was measured in the mesial and distal surfaces. Results: The mean and standard deviation for alveolar bone loss in age categories 1 (age 25–32 years) and 2 (age 33–40 years) were 4.03 ± 1.46 and 5.23 ± 2.5 (mm), respectively. Alveolar bone loss demonstrated a significant relationship with patient’s age (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U test). Conclusions: The mean and standard deviation of alveolar bone loss reduction in patients with chronic periodontitis was 4.87 ± 0.2 (mm). The alveolar bone loss on the mandibular central incisors’ mesial surface is the highest among other regions.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91289961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) on the transverse width of the maxillary bone. Methods: The ED group was composed of seven people, while the control group consisted of retrospective cone-beam computed tomography images of seven individuals with skeletal class 1 relationship. Images on the sagittal planes were taken, and crosssections were taken from the longest point of the Anterior Nasal Spine-Posterior Nasal Spine line. The distance between the distal anterior canine teeth from the right buccal cortical bone to the left buccal cortical bone was measured. At the posterior region, the distance between the right point where the pterygoid protrusions and the tuber maxilla fused and the left point was measured. Results: The ED group has significantly narrower (p < 0.05) anterior region than the control group, and no significant difference in the posterior region width was found between the ED group and control group. Conclusions: The quality of life should be improved by awareness of ED in dentistry, by using a professional approach and modern applications such as three-dimensional computed tomography when necessary, and by considering the morphological characteristics of the patients.
{"title":"Effects of Ectodermal Dysplasia on the Maxilla: A Study of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography","authors":"B. Ünal","doi":"10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/MSK.V25I1.1261","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) on the transverse width of the maxillary bone. Methods: The ED group was composed of seven people, while the control group consisted of retrospective cone-beam computed tomography images of seven individuals with skeletal class 1 relationship. Images on the sagittal planes were taken, and crosssections were taken from the longest point of the Anterior Nasal Spine-Posterior Nasal Spine line. The distance between the distal anterior canine teeth from the right buccal cortical bone to the left buccal cortical bone was measured. At the posterior region, the distance between the right point where the pterygoid protrusions and the tuber maxilla fused and the left point was measured. Results: The ED group has significantly narrower (p < 0.05) anterior region than the control group, and no significant difference in the posterior region width was found between the ED group and control group. Conclusions: The quality of life should be improved by awareness of ED in dentistry, by using a professional approach and modern applications such as three-dimensional computed tomography when necessary, and by considering the morphological characteristics of the patients.","PeriodicalId":51994,"journal":{"name":"Makara Journal of Health Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85307641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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