Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2152533
Karen M. Davis, Adam M. Partin, Cary M. Springer, G. Burghardt
ABSTRACT Studies exploring the development of object play of wolf pups are lacking. Comparisons of wolves vs. dogs can aid in teasing out the influences of domestication on any differences uncovered between wolves and various dog breeds. We investigated the development of object play from 2 to 9 weeks of age (14–63 days) in 2 litters of hand-reared wolf pups (Canis lupus). Both litters of pups were video-recorded in their home enclosures at week and mid-week timepoints. Each litter was given a separate set of the same five commercial dog (Canis lupus familiaris) toys with differing sensory and functional qualities. The first 10 min of activity from each session were analyzed using the Noldus Observer XT program and a previously developed ethogram of object related behaviors. The results were analyzed using repeated measures LMMs. Percent of time spent playing with toys, behavioral counts and behavioral diversity all increased significantly with age for wolf pups, and they were generally developmentally ahead of dog puppies. Wolves, like dogs, had preferences for some toys. These findings expand our grasp of infant wolf behavior, the comparative development of object play in canines, and provide a model for the study of domestication on play behavior.
{"title":"The development of object play in wolf puppies (Canis lupus)","authors":"Karen M. Davis, Adam M. Partin, Cary M. Springer, G. Burghardt","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152533","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Studies exploring the development of object play of wolf pups are lacking. Comparisons of wolves vs. dogs can aid in teasing out the influences of domestication on any differences uncovered between wolves and various dog breeds. We investigated the development of object play from 2 to 9 weeks of age (14–63 days) in 2 litters of hand-reared wolf pups (Canis lupus). Both litters of pups were video-recorded in their home enclosures at week and mid-week timepoints. Each litter was given a separate set of the same five commercial dog (Canis lupus familiaris) toys with differing sensory and functional qualities. The first 10 min of activity from each session were analyzed using the Noldus Observer XT program and a previously developed ethogram of object related behaviors. The results were analyzed using repeated measures LMMs. Percent of time spent playing with toys, behavioral counts and behavioral diversity all increased significantly with age for wolf pups, and they were generally developmentally ahead of dog puppies. Wolves, like dogs, had preferences for some toys. These findings expand our grasp of infant wolf behavior, the comparative development of object play in canines, and provide a model for the study of domestication on play behavior.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"130 1","pages":"20 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72800018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2152183
G. Burghardt, E. Palagi
ABSTRACT This special issue of the International Journal of Play is devoted to the evolution and ontogeny of play and includes papers on various animals, children, and a diversity of phenomena all related to this theme. Papers in the issue provide original data on these species: rheas, Beluga whales, wolves, Japanese monkeys, gorillas, and human children as well as a phylogenetic analysis of social play in primates. While social play is emphasized, object play is also discussed, including in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder in humans. Theoretical issues are also covered, such as the origins and evolution of object play and its role in social and cultural evolution. Together these papers highlight the myriad aspects of play that need to be integrated into our understanding of a topic now decisively liberated from being viewed primarily from an anthropocentric perspective isolated from its deep biological and evolutionary roots.
{"title":"The evolution and ontogeny of play: comparative perspectives","authors":"G. Burghardt, E. Palagi","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152183","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This special issue of the International Journal of Play is devoted to the evolution and ontogeny of play and includes papers on various animals, children, and a diversity of phenomena all related to this theme. Papers in the issue provide original data on these species: rheas, Beluga whales, wolves, Japanese monkeys, gorillas, and human children as well as a phylogenetic analysis of social play in primates. While social play is emphasized, object play is also discussed, including in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder in humans. Theoretical issues are also covered, such as the origins and evolution of object play and its role in social and cultural evolution. Together these papers highlight the myriad aspects of play that need to be integrated into our understanding of a topic now decisively liberated from being viewed primarily from an anthropocentric perspective isolated from its deep biological and evolutionary roots.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"11 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91363363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2152532
Claudia Zeiträg, T. R. Jensen, M. Osvath
ABSTRACT Even if there is evidence of play from all vertebrate classes suggesting origins in deep time, descriptions of the evolution of play are surprisingly patchy. To bridge this gap, one must study play comparatively and include taxa from key phylogenetic positions. This study is the first systematic description of play in greater rheas, and thereby the first such report on any palaeognath bird. Palaeognaths represent a major subgroup of modern-day birds that have retained many ancestral features from their direct ancestors, the non-avian dinosaurs, making them an ideal window into the behaviors of the earliest birds. We recorded play behaviors of a group of captive rheas, with a focus on the modes and ontogenetic development of their play. Juveniles predominantly engaged in contagious locomotor play, adding a social component to the majority of their play bouts. Interactive social play such as wrestling appeared only around the age of 10.5 weeks and was generally rarer. Based on our findings we hypothesize that early birds, and likely also paravian dinosaurs, played in a similar fashion with a noticeable component of sociality. These hypotheses need to be expanded through more studies on different species of palaeognath birds.
{"title":"Play in juvenile greater rheas: different modes and their evolutionary and socio-cognitive implications","authors":"Claudia Zeiträg, T. R. Jensen, M. Osvath","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Even if there is evidence of play from all vertebrate classes suggesting origins in deep time, descriptions of the evolution of play are surprisingly patchy. To bridge this gap, one must study play comparatively and include taxa from key phylogenetic positions. This study is the first systematic description of play in greater rheas, and thereby the first such report on any palaeognath bird. Palaeognaths represent a major subgroup of modern-day birds that have retained many ancestral features from their direct ancestors, the non-avian dinosaurs, making them an ideal window into the behaviors of the earliest birds. We recorded play behaviors of a group of captive rheas, with a focus on the modes and ontogenetic development of their play. Juveniles predominantly engaged in contagious locomotor play, adding a social component to the majority of their play bouts. Interactive social play such as wrestling appeared only around the age of 10.5 weeks and was generally rarer. Based on our findings we hypothesize that early birds, and likely also paravian dinosaurs, played in a similar fashion with a noticeable component of sociality. These hypotheses need to be expanded through more studies on different species of palaeognath birds.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"19 1","pages":"4 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89984071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2112153
Ryli Seyval Amabile
{"title":"Our family cottage","authors":"Ryli Seyval Amabile","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2112153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2112153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74000030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2111878
Elizabeth R. Weston
{"title":"Childhood play memory","authors":"Elizabeth R. Weston","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2111878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2111878","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75460552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2156040
Kim Foulds
ABSTRACT While the importance of play for young children’s healthy brain development is widely recognized, the literature on the role and perceptions of play among parents of young children is largely grounded in industrialized and well-resourced contexts. As such, there remains an important need to understand the role, perception, and value of play among families in more fragile contexts and geographies, including humanitarian settings. In an effort to address this knowledge gap, this study presents findings on the role and perception of play from 825 parents and caregivers of children ages 3–8 years old from a diverse range of low-resource and humanitarian contexts. The findings here demonstrate that play has a central role in families’ lives and parents under the link between play and children’s holistic development, but that there are both individual and structural issues that limit opportunities for play and that present significant challenges to play.
{"title":"Playful perceptions: the role of and barriers to play for parents of young children in diverse global contexts","authors":"Kim Foulds","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2156040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2156040","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While the importance of play for young children’s healthy brain development is widely recognized, the literature on the role and perceptions of play among parents of young children is largely grounded in industrialized and well-resourced contexts. As such, there remains an important need to understand the role, perception, and value of play among families in more fragile contexts and geographies, including humanitarian settings. In an effort to address this knowledge gap, this study presents findings on the role and perception of play from 825 parents and caregivers of children ages 3–8 years old from a diverse range of low-resource and humanitarian contexts. The findings here demonstrate that play has a central role in families’ lives and parents under the link between play and children’s holistic development, but that there are both individual and structural issues that limit opportunities for play and that present significant challenges to play.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"13 1","pages":"206 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87323518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2152185
Peter K. Smith, J. StGeorge
ABSTRACT Play fighting and chasing in human children – often referred to as rough-and-tumble play, or RTP or R&T – is a common form of play, and one that has the most obvious correspondence to play in many (especially mammalian) non-human species. Unlike object, pretend and sociodramatic play, generally encouraged by teachers and parents, play fighting is viewed in a much more ambivalent way. The role it has in development, and whether this should be viewed in a positive or negative light, continues to be debated. Here we review what insights may be gained from research on play fighting in non-human species, main developmental trends in humans, definitional and measurement issues, cultural variations, and empirical data on the correlates found with behaviors of adaptive significance. We conclude with some reflections on theoretical issues and future research priorities. A consistent theme from work with non-human species, parent–child RTP, and peer-peer RTP, is that RTP experience is important for emotional control and the learning of restraint in what may be competitive or conflictual situations.
{"title":"Play fighting (rough-and-tumble play) in children: developmental and evolutionary perspectives","authors":"Peter K. Smith, J. StGeorge","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Play fighting and chasing in human children – often referred to as rough-and-tumble play, or RTP or R&T – is a common form of play, and one that has the most obvious correspondence to play in many (especially mammalian) non-human species. Unlike object, pretend and sociodramatic play, generally encouraged by teachers and parents, play fighting is viewed in a much more ambivalent way. The role it has in development, and whether this should be viewed in a positive or negative light, continues to be debated. Here we review what insights may be gained from research on play fighting in non-human species, main developmental trends in humans, definitional and measurement issues, cultural variations, and empirical data on the correlates found with behaviors of adaptive significance. We conclude with some reflections on theoretical issues and future research priorities. A consistent theme from work with non-human species, parent–child RTP, and peer-peer RTP, is that RTP experience is important for emotional control and the learning of restraint in what may be competitive or conflictual situations.","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"53 1","pages":"113 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81097873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2112157
Alana Greeley
{"title":"No electronics in a world that is plugged-in","authors":"Alana Greeley","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2112157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2112157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83812647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2152182
Anna R. Beresin
ABSTRACT For more information see: ‘Play Signals, Play Moves: A Gorilla Critique of Play Theory’ International Journal of Play, Nov 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2018.1532681
{"title":"Primate play during COVID-19","authors":"Anna R. Beresin","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2152182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2152182","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For more information see: ‘Play Signals, Play Moves: A Gorilla Critique of Play Theory’ International Journal of Play, Nov 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2018.1532681","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"64 1","pages":"140 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82168990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-19DOI: 10.1080/21594937.2022.2111865
Devon Conroy
{"title":"‘One last time for play’","authors":"Devon Conroy","doi":"10.1080/21594937.2022.2111865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2022.2111865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52149,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Play","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89104379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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