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Journal of Community Archaeology and Heritage最新文献

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Community archaeology and the Heritage Fund in Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰社区考古与遗产基金
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-25 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1966171
P. Mullan
ABSTRACT This paper will explore how community archaeological projects supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund, through its Landscape Partnership Scheme, have created opportunities for communities to reach a deeper and richer connection with their historical and cultural landscape in a society where the past is contested. Through the creation of those deeper connections, and active engagement by communities in the archaeological process, significant outcomes have been achieved: including greater protection of heritage assets, an enhanced sense of local identity, and a shared understanding of the past, something which is often difficult to achieve in a deeply divided society. The paper draws on the experience of some of the communities, archaeologists and programme managers and their evaluation of the projects.
本文将探讨由国家彩票遗产基金支持的社区考古项目,如何通过其景观合作计划,为社区创造机会,在一个对过去充满争议的社会中,与他们的历史和文化景观建立更深入、更丰富的联系。通过建立这些更深层次的联系,以及社区在考古过程中的积极参与,已经取得了重大成果:包括更好地保护遗产资产,增强地方认同感,以及对过去的共同理解,这些在一个严重分裂的社会中通常很难实现。该文件借鉴了一些社区、考古学家和方案管理人员的经验以及他们对项目的评价。
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引用次数: 0
Working with communities: Public participation from the archaeologists’ perspective 与社区合作:考古学家视角下的公众参与
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1953320
F. Benetti, Katharina Möller, F. Ripanti
ABSTRACT Opinions and practices in regard to public participation in archaeology vary widely in different countries. While so-called ‘community digs' and other forms of participation are very common in the UK and volunteering opportunities can be easily found on the internet, the situation in Germany and Italy is different. Although public participation does exist in the two continental countries, it is not as widespread as in the UK, because of various different obstacles, e.g. permit systems. To identify the challenges that archaeologists have to face when working with the public as well as to better understand professional archaeologists’ attitudes towards public participation and see whether different laws and policies have shaped them, a survey was conducted amongst British, German and Italian archaeologists.
各国对公众参与考古的看法和实践差异很大。虽然所谓的“社区挖掘”和其他形式的参与在英国很常见,而且在互联网上很容易找到志愿服务的机会,但德国和意大利的情况不同。尽管这两个大陆国家确实存在公众参与,但由于各种不同的障碍,如许可证制度,公众参与不如英国广泛。为了确定考古学家在与公众合作时必须面对的挑战,以及更好地了解专业考古学家对公众参与的态度,并了解不同的法律和政策是否影响了他们,对英国、德国和意大利考古学家进行了一项调查。
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引用次数: 1
Local voices on heritage: Understanding community perceptions towards archaeological sites in South Iraq 当地对遗产的声音:了解社区对伊拉克南部考古遗址的看法
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1958615
F. Zaina, Licia Proserpio, Giulia Scazzosi
ABSTRACT Community engagement is now a consolidated and essential part of many archaeological research projects. In particular, it is widely recognized as a powerful tool for laying the foundation for any community archaeology programme. This paper explores the perceptions of a community living North-East of the city of Kufa (Iraq) towards the archaeological sites and cultural heritage in general. In particular, we designed an action-oriented research consisting of interviews and focus groups conducted between 2017 and 2019 at selected sites. The multifaceted picture that emerges from this research allows to better understand the relationships between the different actors revolving around the archaeological sites. The objective is to assess the awareness and understanding of the significance of its cultural heritage by the local community, and consequently propose recommendations including actions aimed at better safeguarding and communicating the archaeological sites.
摘要社区参与现在是许多考古研究项目的一个重要组成部分。特别是,它被广泛认为是为任何社区考古计划奠定基础的有力工具。本文探讨了居住在库法市东北部的一个社区(伊拉克)对考古遗址和文化遗产的总体看法。特别是,我们设计了一项以行动为导向的研究,包括2017年至2019年间在选定地点进行的访谈和焦点小组。这项研究呈现出多方面的画面,有助于更好地理解围绕考古遗址的不同参与者之间的关系。目的是评估当地社区对其文化遗产重要性的认识和理解,从而提出建议,包括旨在更好地保护和宣传考古遗址的行动。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial 社论
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1945229
T. Kador, Sarah De Nardi
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引用次数: 0
Discussing archaeology and the nation in six European countries: a discourse analysis 论欧洲六国考古与民族:话语分析
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1988210
R. Laužikas, Johan P. Enqvist, Pedro Luengo, Rajna Šošić-Klindžić, Marina Toumpouri
ABSTRACT We studied the use of archaeological scholarly knowledge for supporting and promoting national identity by global non-professional communities. The data collection consisted of asynchronous online text-based Facebook focus group discussions in Croatia, Cyprus, Finland, Greece, Lithuania, and Spain. After, we conducted a qualitative content analysis of posts and comments we collected. Our research's main result is the identification of framing schemas that communicatively connect the personal perception and interpretation of scholarly archaeological knowledge with existing community knowledge on national identity. We identified, analysed, and discussed ten different framing schemas in this article: Uniqueness, Succession, Language, Christianity, Western civilization, Nature, Stranger civilizations, Double identities, National heroes, and Future expectations. The different framing schemas are interconnected, but application of the framing schemas varies in different countries.
摘要:我们研究了全球非专业社区利用考古学术知识支持和促进民族认同的情况。数据收集包括在克罗地亚、塞浦路斯、芬兰、希腊、立陶宛和西班牙进行的基于Facebook文本的异步在线焦点小组讨论。之后,我们对我们收集的帖子和评论进行了定性内容分析。我们的研究的主要结果是识别了框架图式,这些图式将个人对学术考古知识的感知和解释与现有的关于国家认同的社区知识联系起来。在这篇文章中,我们识别、分析和讨论了十种不同的框架模式:独特性、继承性、语言、基督教、西方文明、自然、陌生文明、双重身份、民族英雄和未来期望。不同的框架模式是相互联系的,但框架模式的应用在不同的国家有所不同。
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引用次数: 1
Discovering Enfield Falls: A community initiated archaeological heritage project in Ithaca, New York 发现恩菲尔德瀑布:一个社区发起的考古遗产项目在伊萨卡,纽约
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1940431
S. Baugher
ABSTRACT Discovering Enfield Falls differs from many academic-managed heritage programmes that are top-down projects initiated by archaeologists. In it, planning originated with stakeholders determined to create a public history of a hamlet in New York (USA) which the state had demolished (in the early twentieth century) to create a park. This nineteenth-century hamlet had been both a commercial centre for farmers and a regional scenic tourist destination. Contemporary stakeholders did not need archaeologists to help them discover their history or to realize the heritage value of Enfield Falls. They needed archaeologists to collaborate with them to reveal the cultural landscape and history buried in the park to larger communities, both local and in the surrounding northeast region of the United States and Southeast Canada. This case study describes collaborations undertaken from 1998 to the present (fieldwork, museum exhibits, and more) by archaeologists, community members, and Cornell University archaeology service-learning students.
摘要发现恩菲尔德瀑布不同于许多由考古学家发起的自上而下的学术管理遗产项目。在其中,规划源于利益相关者,他们决心创造纽约(美国)一个小村庄的公共历史,该州在20世纪初拆除了这个小村庄,以创建一个公园。这个19世纪的小村庄曾是农民的商业中心和地区风景旅游目的地。当代利益相关者不需要考古学家来帮助他们发现自己的历史或实现恩菲尔德瀑布的遗产价值。他们需要考古学家与他们合作,向当地以及美国东北部和加拿大东南部周边的更大社区揭示公园中埋藏的文化景观和历史。本案例研究描述了考古学家、社区成员和康奈尔大学考古服务学习学生从1998年到现在进行的合作(实地调查、博物馆展览等)。
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引用次数: 0
Podcasting as public archaeology 播客作为公共考古
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1928449
Chelsi Slotten
When was the last time you talked with a non-specialist about archaeology? Did they mention the latest journal article they read, a piece they saw on the news, or something they saw on social media? If I had to guess, I would say they brought up one of the latter two – that has certainly been my experience. As one of the hosts of the Women in Archaeology Podcast, I spend considerable time thinking about how to best communicate with the public about archaeology. The public we communicate with includes the general public, other archaeologists, and students. If we are committed to engaging in truly accessible and public archaeology that ‘engages the public in order to share archaeological findings and/or promote stewardship of cultural resources’ (McDavid 2002, 2), we need to consider our audience, where they are getting their information from, and how best to effectively communicate with them. Even with the best of intentions, archaeologists have often struggled to accomplish this goal. Difficulties in effectively communicating with the public primarily come down to two factors: mode of delivery and style of delivery. Academics and professionals are accustomed to lecturing, giving conference papers, and writing reports, articles, and books. These modes of delivery inherently limit one’s audience. Only people who can physically be present at a talk, can afford to purchase sometimes exorbitantly-priced books or journal articles, know how to access reports, and have the time to dedicate to finding and engaging with these materials have access. There is a profound burden of interest and ability on the public that is not conducive to widespread communication and dissemination of knowledge. Even if talks are recorded and put online, and published material was freely and easily accessed through open access journals, there would still be this issue: the style of delivery. Think about the last journal article you read or conference presentation you attended. How often did you hear someone use jargon, such as CRM, NHPA, NAGPRA, neoliberalism, transfer wear, sherd, lithics, or Clovis point without any explanation of what they are? There are innumerable words and phrases that are rooted in archaeological theory or history that make perfect sense to a trained archaeologist and have a place in professional settings. Those same words will not have the same meaning to the public and can be either off-putting or lead to confusion over what is being said. A recent survey by the Women in Archaeology Podcast found that listeners of archaeology podcasts were highly put off by shows that contain lots of jargon (Slotten 2021). The problem arises when archaeologists forget who their audiences are and speak to the interested public as if they were trained archaeologists. Unfortunately, this is a widespread problem as academics and professionals often lack the skills to effectively communicate with a broader audience (Birch 2013). As a co-host and co-creator of the Women in
你上一次和非专业人士谈论考古学是什么时候?他们有没有提到他们最近读到的期刊文章,他们在新闻上看到的一篇文章,或者他们在社交媒体上看到的东西?如果要我猜的话,我会说他们提出了后两者中的一个——这当然是我的经验。作为“考古女性播客”的主持人之一,我花了相当多的时间思考如何最好地与公众沟通考古。我们交流的公众包括普通公众、其他考古学家和学生。如果我们致力于从事真正平易近人的公共考古,“让公众参与进来,以分享考古发现和/或促进文化资源的管理”(McDavid 2002, 2),我们需要考虑我们的受众,他们从哪里获得信息,以及如何最好地与他们有效沟通。即使有最好的意图,考古学家也常常难以实现这一目标。与公众有效沟通的困难主要归结为两个因素:传递方式和传递风格。学者和专业人士习惯于讲课、发表会议论文、撰写报告、文章和书籍。这些传递方式本质上限制了受众。只有那些能够亲临现场,能够负担得起有时价格过高的书籍或期刊文章,知道如何获取报告,并且有时间致力于寻找和参与这些材料的人才能获得访问权限。公众背负着沉重的兴趣和能力负担,这不利于知识的广泛交流和传播。即使谈话被录下来并放到网上,发表的材料也可以通过开放获取期刊自由方便地获取,但仍然存在这个问题:发表的风格。想想你最近读过的期刊文章或参加过的会议报告。你是否经常听到有人使用术语,如CRM、NHPA、NAGPRA、新自由主义、转移磨损、碎片、lithics或克洛维斯点,而不解释它们是什么?有无数的单词和短语根植于考古理论或历史,对训练有素的考古学家来说非常有意义,并且在专业环境中占有一席之地。对公众来说,同样的话的意思就不一样了,可能会让人反感,或者导致对所说内容的混淆。“考古学播客中的女性”最近的一项调查发现,考古学播客的听众对包含大量术语的节目非常反感(Slotten 2021)。当考古学家忘记了他们的听众是谁,并把他们当作训练有素的考古学家向感兴趣的公众讲话时,问题就出现了。不幸的是,这是一个普遍存在的问题,因为学者和专业人士往往缺乏与更广泛的受众进行有效沟通的技能(Birch 2013)。作为“考古女性播客”的联合主持人和联合创始人,我可以向你保证,播客提供了改变考古学家与公众互动方式的可能性。
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引用次数: 1
Haggling over graves and shrines: The intersection of archaeology, the community, and dam authorities at the Bui dam area in Ghana 为坟墓和神殿讨价还价:加纳布伊水坝地区考古学、社区和水坝当局的交集
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1911122
D. Abrampah
ABSTRACT This article discusses the important roles that archaeologists can play in development projects that affect the history and culture of indigenous people who live around a project site. It discusses the salvage archaeology that was done at one site, the Bui hydro-electric dam in Ghana, even though dam authorities refused, at first, to allow it. The article discusses how, through salvage work, archaeologists became cultural brokers and successfully mediated the ‘conflict’ between the Bui Dam Authority (BPA) and the affected communities. Community members were threatening not to relocate until their shrines and ancestral burials were relocated, which could have disrupted the construction activities of the dam and the project schedule. The relocation of the shrines and the burials revealed the importance of community spaces shared by the dead and the living, and showed how essential it is to be physically and spiritually invested in life and death.
本文讨论了考古学家在开发项目中可以发挥的重要作用,这些项目会影响居住在项目遗址周围的土著人民的历史和文化。它讨论了在加纳的布伊水电站(Bui)进行的打捞考古工作,尽管大坝当局起初拒绝允许。这篇文章讨论了考古学家如何通过打捞工作成为文化经纪人,并成功地调解了布维大坝管理局(BPA)和受影响社区之间的“冲突”。社区成员威胁说,除非他们的神殿和祖坟搬迁,否则他们不会搬迁,这可能会扰乱大坝的建设活动和项目进度。神龛和墓葬的重新安置表明了死者和生者共享社区空间的重要性,并表明在身体和精神上投入生死是多么重要。
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引用次数: 0
Applied research through community building during International conferences. The case of the International conference on best practices in World heritage. Minorca, Spain 在国际会议期间通过社区建设进行应用研究。世界遗产最佳做法国际会议的案例。西班牙米诺卡
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1894784
Alicia Castillo-Mena, Jaime Almansa-Sánchez
ABSTRACT Community engagement is a widespread requirement in current archaeological work. However, heritage management still lacks public participation in many regions. This paper aims to offer an example of community engagement as applied research in the context of an international conference. In order to do so, the strategy, the actions for the targeted communities and the outcomes of those actions will be presented, with a special focus on the context of World Heritage and the outcomes of the three conferences.
摘要社区参与是当前考古工作的普遍要求。然而,在许多地区,遗产管理仍然缺乏公众参与。本文旨在提供一个国际会议背景下社区参与应用研究的例子。为了做到这一点,将介绍战略、目标社区的行动以及这些行动的成果,特别关注世界遗产和三次会议的成果。
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引用次数: 2
‘Drawing in’ other worlds: Addressing fragile heritage landscapes through cosmopolitical maps “绘制”其他世界:通过世界政治地图处理脆弱的遗产景观
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2021.1894765
Zahra Hussain
ABSTRACT This paper builds on the argument that large-scale infrastructural development in remote communities poses a threat to their local heritage landscape. This is done not only through physical intervention in landscapes (through bridges, roads, pipelines or ports) but also through imaginaries projected about development that tends to re-label local landscapes as hotspots for development. This paper explores drawing as a medium to explore fragile-heritage landscapes through the stories, folklores and experiences of local communities within their landscape. It proposes a mapping strategy that attempts to grasp the diminishing heritage landscapes of Gwadar, a coastal town in Pakistan which is being re-claimed as the hub of prosperity (port) connecting two infrastructural mammoths: the BRI land routes and maritime silk roads. Together with the community, their stories and memories, we ‘draw-in’ tangible, immaterial, invisible, human, spiritual and more-than-human entities, and their worlds that are at risk of erasure in the current wave of infrastructural development.
摘要本文基于这样一种观点,即偏远社区的大规模基础设施开发对当地的遗产景观构成了威胁。这不仅通过对景观的实际干预(通过桥梁、道路、管道或港口)来实现,而且还通过对发展的想象来实现,这种想象往往会将当地景观重新标记为发展热点。本文探讨了绘画作为一种媒介,通过当地社区在其景观中的故事、民间传说和经历来探索脆弱遗产景观。它提出了一个地图战略,试图抓住瓜达尔日益减少的遗产景观,瓜达尔是巴基斯坦的一个沿海城镇,正被重新宣称为连接两条基础设施的繁荣中心(港口):“一带一路”陆路和海上丝绸之路。与社区、他们的故事和记忆一起,我们“吸引”有形的、非物质的、无形的、人类的、精神的和超越人类的实体,以及他们的世界,这些实体在当前的基础设施发展浪潮中面临着被抹去的风险。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Community Archaeology and Heritage
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