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Journal of Community Archaeology and Heritage最新文献

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De-exoticizing Cambodia’s archaeology through community engagement 通过社区参与消除柬埔寨考古的异国情调
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1767381
Piphal Heng, Kaseka Phon, S. Heng
ABSTRACT French colonizers introduced archaeology to Cambodia with the emphasis on the restoration of Angkor monuments. The Cambodian public’s perception of archaeology as a field of the exotic, populated exclusively with international researchers, is fuelled by misconceptions of the discipline. Public awareness is hindered by the lack of heritage education outreach and human resources, and the excessive focus on Angkor. In this paper we argue that the recent increase in the visibility of archaeology through its expansion beyond the Angkor region, public outreach efforts, the rise of social media, and dedicated community engagement has helped de-exoticize Cambodian archaeology and make it meaningful to communities beyond other archaeologists, looters, or hired labourers for international research. Community members participating in archaeological research can serve as valuable mediators who convey the objectives of archaeological research and its raisons d'être to their communities as part of the process.
摘要法国殖民者将考古学引入柬埔寨,重点是修复吴哥古迹。柬埔寨公众认为考古学是一个充满异国情调的领域,专门由国际研究人员组成,这是由于对该学科的误解。由于缺乏遗产教育宣传和人力资源,以及过度关注吴哥,公众意识受到阻碍。在本文中,我们认为,最近考古的知名度通过其在吴哥地区之外的扩张、公众外联工作、社交媒体的兴起和社区的积极参与而提高,这有助于柬埔寨考古的非异国情调,并使其对其他考古学家、抢劫者或国际研究雇佣劳工之外的社区有意义。参与考古研究的社区成员可以作为有价值的媒介,将考古研究的目标及其存在的理由作为过程的一部分传达给他们的社区。
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引用次数: 1
Heritage management, education, and community involvement in Thailand: A central Thai community case 泰国的遗产管理、教育和社区参与:泰国中部社区案例
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1767378
T. Lertcharnrit, Nannabhat Niyomsap
ABSTRACT This paper presents a case study of a long-term collaboration between academic scholars and a cohort of local community agents and personnel in the management of an archaeological site in central Thailand. There is a brief historical background of cultural heritage preservation in Thailand, including various aspects of collaborative approaches for cultural heritage management. We discuss and summarize background, reasons, context for collaboration, methodology (types and methods of collaboration), collaborator typology, problems and obstacles, and suggestions for best practices in cultural heritage preservation. This paper also discusses public education and the awareness of cultural heritage significance in protecting and preserving archaeological sites as national and local cultural properties.
摘要本文介绍了学术学者与当地社区代理人和人员在泰国中部一处考古遗址管理中长期合作的案例研究。简要介绍了泰国文化遗产保护的历史背景,包括文化遗产管理合作方法的各个方面。我们讨论并总结了合作的背景、原因、背景、方法(合作的类型和方法)、合作者类型、问题和障碍,以及对文化遗产保护最佳实践的建议。本文还讨论了公众教育和文化遗产意识在保护和保存考古遗址作为国家和地方文化财产方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 7
Decolonizing the past, empowering the future: Community-led heritage conservation in Ifugao, Philippines 非殖民化的过去,赋予未来力量:菲律宾伊富高社区主导的遗产保护
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-04 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1767383
Stephen B. Acabado, Marlon Martin
ABSTRACT National historical narratives generally leave out local histories of groups on the periphery of society. This is accentuated in colonised settings where colonial powers promote the narratives of dominant cultures, which soon become national meta-narratives. As an example, peoples on the fringes of colonialism in the Philippines were described as remnants of the past and this exoticizes their cultures. These descriptions became the basis of their identity. We argue that vigorous community engagement provides venues for learning and unlearning histories and empowers marginalized peoples. In this paper, we present how recent archaeological data force the rethinking of history and subsequently empowering descendant communities to take control of their history and heritage. We describe the establishment of the Ifugao heritage galleries as an example of museums becoming areas of contestations and emphasize the fact that no one has the monopoly on the creation of knowledge.
民族历史叙事通常会忽略社会边缘群体的地方历史。这一点在殖民背景下更加突出,殖民大国推动主导文化的叙事,这些叙事很快就成为国家元叙事。例如,菲律宾处于殖民主义边缘的人民被描述为过去的残余,这使他们的文化具有异国情调。这些描述成为他们身份的基础。我们认为,积极的社区参与为学习和忘却历史提供了场所,并赋予边缘化人群权力。在本文中,我们展示了最近的考古数据如何迫使人们重新思考历史,并随后赋予后代社区控制其历史和遗产的权力。我们将伊富高遗产画廊的建立描述为博物馆成为争议领域的一个例子,并强调没有人可以垄断知识的创造。
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引用次数: 18
Current Archaeological practice in Southeast Asia: Collaboration, engagement, and community involvement in field research in Southeast Asia 当前东南亚考古实践:东南亚实地研究的合作、参与和社区参与
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-04 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1767370
Stephen B. Acabado
Archaeological practice in Southeast Asia has recently shifted to active engagement with local stakeholders. This is due to the realization that involving communities results in meaningful research outcomes. A growing number of investigations are actively seeking the involvement of communities as both contributors and as active and involved research participants. These undertakings humanize our community partners and counter the exclusivity often associated with scholarly authority. An increasing number of scholars approach research as inter-disciplinary, breaking state and ethnic boundaries and engaging communities, emphasizing that we no longer work alone. This special issue of the Journal of Community Archaeology and Heritage provides examples of this trend. It is predicated on the concepts of practice and agency and their impacts on cultural heritage in Southeast Asia. As every article in this issue focuses on communities drastically transformed by colonialism, we hope it will illustrate how archaeological and heritage scholars can empower indigenous and descendant communities through heritage conservation. We focus on the concept of cultural heritage here since it encompasses and transcends disciplinary boundaries. It also has its origin in Western scholarship, and thus, has colonial connotations in post-colonial Southeast Asia. It is also important in identity formation, nation building, and empowerment. Although there is no all-encompassing definition that catches its magnitude, heritage unifies an interdisciplinary study and practice that focuses on the perceived importance of cultural or historical phenomena. As Smith (2006, 83) puts it, heritage is an intangible process replete with cultural and social values. In other words, heritage goes through a process of negotiation based on each community’s experience. Therefore, it becomes important to those who have a shared history, experience, and memory. Intrinsic in the concept of heritage is the idea of community. There can be no heritage if there is no group composed of multiple individuals who own history or a building or an artifact. Heritage has different levels of meaning to different groups and it is also a cultural product (Lowenthal 1985; 1996). In the social sciences, the term heritage invokes our relationship with the past. It also provides a paradigm to link present-day identities to historical narratives. As such, the term becomes a powerful political tool that can be used for either inclusivity or exclusivity in nation-building (Tunbridge and Ashworth 1996; Shoocongdej 2007). Indeed, heritage has been used to call for unity among peoples with similar historical experiences (Stark and Griffin 2004; Glover 2006; Majid 2007; Shoocongdej 2007).
东南亚的考古实践最近已转向与当地利益相关者的积极接触。这是因为认识到让社区参与会产生有意义的研究成果。越来越多的调查正在积极寻求社区作为贡献者和积极参与的研究参与者的参与。这些事业使我们的社区合作伙伴人性化,并对抗通常与学术权威相关的排他性。越来越多的学者将研究视为跨学科的,打破国家和种族界限,让社区参与进来,强调我们不再单独工作。《社区考古与遗产杂志》的这期特刊提供了这一趋势的例子。它基于实践和代理的概念及其对东南亚文化遗产的影响。本期的每一篇文章都聚焦于被殖民主义彻底改变的社区,我们希望它能说明考古和遗产学者如何通过遗产保护赋予土著和后裔社区权力。我们在这里关注文化遗产的概念,因为它包含并超越了学科界限。它也起源于西方学术,因此在后殖民时代的东南亚具有殖民主义的含义。它在身份形成、国家建设和赋权方面也很重要。尽管没有包罗万象的定义来捕捉其重要性,但遗产将跨学科的研究和实践结合在一起,重点关注文化或历史现象的重要性。正如Smith(200683)所言,遗产是一个充满文化和社会价值的非物质过程。换言之,遗产要经过一个基于每个社区经验的谈判过程。因此,对于那些拥有共同历史、经验和记忆的人来说,这一点变得很重要。遗产概念的内在内涵是社区理念。如果没有由拥有历史、建筑或文物的多个人组成的群体,就不可能有遗产。遗产对不同群体有不同程度的意义,也是一种文化产品(Lowenthal 1985;1996)。在社会科学中,“遗产”一词唤起了我们与过去的关系。它还提供了一种将当今身份与历史叙事联系起来的范式。因此,这个词成为了一个强大的政治工具,可以用于国家建设中的包容性或排他性(Tunbridge和Ashworth,1996年;Shoocongdej,2007年)。事实上,遗产被用来呼吁具有类似历史经历的民族团结一致(Stark和Griffin,2004年;Glover,2006年;Majid,2007年;Shoocongdej,2007年)。
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引用次数: 2
Collaboration, engagement, and Cambodia: Archaeological perspectives on cultural heritage 合作、参与与柬埔寨:文化遗产的考古学视角
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1766172
Miriam T. Stark
ABSTRACT Community archaeology remains rare in Southeast Asian archaeology, where most archaeological engagement takes place within archaeological heritage management contexts. What should community archaeology look like in countries whose majority populations trace their ancestry directly back to monuments which generate huge revenues and whose archaeological records are under threat through development and looting? This article introduces Cambodian archaeological heritage management and its relationships to cultural tourism and economic development. Understanding Cambodian heritage management requires familiarity with UNESCO World Heritage designations which drive many developments in the country. Two primary areas of concern for both community archaeology and more top-down approaches are: (1) the challenges of working between multiple and competing stakeholder agendas, in which local community voices are rarely heard; and (2) the impact of specific management decisions on local communities. Case studies from across the region offer examples of solutions to these seemingly intractable obstacles.
摘要社区考古在东南亚考古中仍然很少见,因为大多数考古活动都发生在考古遗产管理的背景下。在大多数人口将祖先直接追溯到产生巨额收入的纪念碑上,并且考古记录因开发和掠夺而受到威胁的国家,社区考古应该是什么样子?本文介绍了柬埔寨考古遗产管理及其与文化旅游和经济发展的关系。了解柬埔寨遗产管理需要熟悉联合国教科文组织世界遗产指定,这推动了该国的许多发展。社区考古和自上而下的方法都关注的两个主要领域是:(1)在多个相互竞争的利益相关者议程之间开展工作的挑战,在这些议程中,很少听到当地社区的声音;(2)具体管理决策对当地社区的影响。来自整个区域的案例研究提供了解决这些看似棘手的障碍的例子。
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引用次数: 5
The journey home: Recovering self and those who gave all 回家之旅:恢复自我和那些付出一切的人
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1766171
C. David, Patrick Smith, Jennifer F. McKinnon
This reflection piece details the development of the newly formed ‘Joint Recovery Team,’ a public-private underwater archaeology community partnership between non-profit, academic, and government s...
这篇反思文章详细介绍了新成立的“联合回收团队”的发展情况,这是一个由非营利、学术和政府部门组成的公私合作的水下考古社区。。。
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引用次数: 2
The Intersection of Indigenous thought and archaeological practice: The field methods in Indigenous archaeology field school 本土思想与考古实践的交汇——本土考古田野学派的田野方法
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1724631
Sara L. Gonzalez, Briece Edwards
ABSTRACT In this essay we consider how thinking with and through Indigenous perspectives through the Field Methods in Indigenous Archaeology field school transforms archaeological practice, from the field into the classroom. The outcome of a community-based archaeological partnership between the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Community of Oregon’s Historic Preservation Office and researchers at the University of Washington, the field school is designed to build the capacity of not only the tribal nation, but also future archaeologists, to care for and protect tribal heritage. Outlining the process partners use to define an Indigenous and, specifically, Grand Ronde approach to archaeological practice and education, we assess the impact of this approach on undergraduate and graduate archaeology education. We argue that integrating Indigenous perspectives in archaeology education encourages a democratic and dialogic approach to field training that fosters students’ ability to fully engage in archaeological research.
在本文中,我们探讨了如何通过土著考古学田野学派的田野方法,用土著视角思考并通过土著视角思考,将考古实践从田野转变为课堂。俄勒冈州大朗德社区的历史保护办公室和华盛顿大学的研究人员之间建立了以社区为基础的考古合作伙伴关系,这所实地学校的目的不仅是建立部落国家的能力,而且是建立未来的考古学家的能力,以照顾和保护部落遗产。我们概述了合作伙伴在考古实践和教育中定义土著,特别是大朗德方法的过程,并评估了这种方法对本科生和研究生考古教育的影响。我们认为,将土著观点整合到考古教育中,鼓励以民主和对话的方式进行实地培训,从而培养学生充分参与考古研究的能力。
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引用次数: 3
The Western Yalanji dendroglyph: The life and death of an Aboriginal carved tree 西部亚兰吉树雕:土著雕刻的树的生与死
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1751919
Alice Buhrich, J. Murison
ABSTRACT Australian Aboriginal rainforest dendroglyphs are a rare and enigmatic cultural resource. Only twenty-three individual rainforest carved trees have been recorded, all in remote parts of the Wet Tropics of Queensland World Heritage Area which are rarely visited. The Western Yalanji dendroglyph is a near life size male anthropomorphic or zoomorphic figure carved into the trunk of a yellow walnut (Beilschmedia bancroftii) five metres above ground level on the Windsor Tableland, in the Western Yalanji estate. The Yalanji dendroglyph is a reminder of the vulnerability of rainforest dendroglyphs to natural processes. Inspections in 2015 identified significant fungal rot in the tree and by 2018 the tree had fallen. This paper documents the history, death and replication of the Yalanji dendroglyph by Western Yalanji Aboriginal Corporation.
摘要:澳大利亚土著雨林的树形文字是一种罕见而神秘的文化资源。只有23棵单独的热带雨林雕刻树被记录下来,它们都位于昆士兰州世界遗产区潮湿热带地区的偏远地区,很少有人参观。西亚兰吉石雕是一个接近真人大小的拟人或兽形的男性形象,雕刻在一棵黄核桃的树干上,距离地面5米,位于西亚兰吉庄园的温莎高原上。雅兰集的树形文字提醒人们,雨林的树形文字在自然过程中是脆弱的。2015年的检查发现,这棵树有严重的真菌腐烂,到2018年,这棵树已经倒下。本文记录了西部亚兰吉原住民公司的亚兰吉树雕的历史、死亡和复制。
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引用次数: 4
Community consensus-building and preservation effort on WWII-related caves in Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands 北马里亚纳群岛塞班岛第二次世界大战相关洞穴的社区共识建立和保护工作
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1751920
Jennifer F. McKinnon
ABSTRACT This paper summarizes a project that involved a community consensus-building and preservation effort focused on the protection of WWII-related caves on private property in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). The project was designed to assess local interest in protecting sites on private property, increase awareness and advocacy for their protection, and create a preservation plan for protection of these sites by both the community and regulatory agencies. As such, it took a community archaeology approach to working with descendant communities on conflict heritage sites.
摘要本文总结了一个项目,该项目涉及社区共识的建立和保护工作,重点是保护北马里亚纳群岛塞班岛私人财产上的二战相关洞穴。该项目旨在评估当地对保护私人财产遗址的兴趣,提高对其保护的认识和宣传,并制定社区和监管机构保护这些遗址的保护计划。因此,它采取了社区考古的方法,与冲突遗产地的后代社区合作。
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引用次数: 1
Editorial 社论
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/20518196.2020.1744312
C. Mcdavid, Sarah De Nardi
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Community Archaeology and Heritage
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