Water Research X最新文献_第5页

Dual pathways of tide-driven greenhouse gas emissions via porewater advection and surface exchange in mudflat and sandy beach 泥滩和沙滩孔隙水平流和表面交换的潮汐驱动温室气体排放的双重途径

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100468

Fengying Li , Zhibo Shen , Shiheng Tang , Jianan Liu , Chunwei Fu , Airui Wang , Jiasen Zhong , Xin Quan , Yu Han , Ehui Tan , Shuh-Ji Kao

Intertidal subterranean estuaries (STEs), as a critical component of the Earth's Critical Zone, are biogeochemical hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHGs: N₂O, CH₄, and CO₂) emissions. Tidal forcing fundamentally controls carbon and nitrogen cycles that driving the production/consumption of GHGs in muddy and sandy intertidal STEs. However, the sediment-dependent source/sink dynamics of GHGs and tidal responses remain poorly constrained. Through high-resolution spatiotemporal observations across sediment types in intertidal STEs, we show that the mudflat acted as a net GHGs source to coastal waters, whereas the sandy beach was a net sink of N₂O but a source of CH₄ and CO₂. Both types were net atmospheric GHGs sources, with CO₂ accounting for 79.05–99.88 %. The comparable magnitude of GHGs fluxes between sandy (N₂O: 0.67±2.36 µmol m^-2 h^-1; CH₄: 16.64±32.15 µmol m^-2 h^-1; CO₂: 2722.19±1825.04 µmol m^-2 h^-1) and muddy (N₂O: 2.12±1.96 µmol m^-2 h^-1; CH₄: 69.19±163.41 µmol m^-2 h^-1; CO₂: 4884.07±2680.89 µmol m^-2 h^-1) systems underscores the previously underestimated contribution of low-organic sandy coasts to marine GHGs budgets. Our analyses further identify pronounced tidal modulation of dissolved GHGs storage and transport pathways, including lateral (porewater exchange) and vertical (sediment/water-air interfaces) fluxes, with particularly strong tidal phase dependence in sandy environments. Global extrapolation of these observations estimates intertidal zones emissions at approximately 0.06±0.14 Tg N₂O, 0.53±1.11 Tg CH₄, and 191.22 ± 123.69 Tg CO₂ annually. These findings enhance mechanistic understanding of tidal-scale GHGs variability in coastal aquifers, highlighting the necessity to integrate hydrology and biogeochemistry into global GHGs budget to refine climate predictions.

潮间带地下河口（STEs）作为地球临界带的重要组成部分，是温室气体（GHGs: N2O、CH4和CO2）排放的生物地球化学热点。潮汐强迫从根本上控制了碳和氮循环，而碳和氮循环驱动了泥泞和沙质潮间带es中温室气体的生产/消耗。然而，依赖于沉积物的温室气体源/汇动态和潮汐响应仍然缺乏约束。通过对潮间带海带沉积物类型的高分辨率时空观测，我们发现泥滩是沿海水域的净温室气体源，而沙滩是N2O的净汇，但却是CH4和CO2的源。两种类型均为大气温室气体净源，其中CO2占79.05 - 99.88%。砂质系统（N2O: 0.67±2.36µmol m-2 h-1; CH4: 16.64±32.15µmol m-2 h-1; CO2: 2722.19±1825.04µmol m-2 h-1）和泥质系统（N2O: 2.12±1.96µmol m-2 h-1; CH4: 69.19±163.41µmol m-2 h-1; CO2: 4884.07±2680.89µmol m-2 h-1）之间的温室气体通量的比较量级强调了以前被低估的低有机砂质海岸对海洋温室气体收支的贡献。我们的分析进一步确定了溶解的温室气体储存和运输途径的明显潮汐调节，包括横向（孔隙水交换）和垂直（沉积物/水-空气界面）通量，在沙质环境中具有特别强的潮汐相位依赖性。根据这些观测的全球外推估计，潮间带每年的排放量约为0.06±0.14 Tg N2O、0.53±1.11 Tg CH4和191.22±123.69 Tg CO2。这些发现加强了对沿海含水层潮汐尺度温室气体变化的机制理解，强调了将水文和生物地球化学纳入全球温室气体预算以改进气候预测的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Urban blocks enable data-reduced, hydraulically sound planning for combined sewer overflow mitigation 城市街区可以减少数据，为综合下水道溢流缓解进行水力合理规划

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100466

Daneish Despot, Ganbaatar Khurelbaatar, Maria Chiara Lippera, Snigdha Dev Roy, Roland Müller, Jan Friesen

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) remain a major source of urban water pollution, exacerbated by increasing rainfall extremes and expanding impervious surfaces. Yet efforts to model and mitigate CSOs are often hampered by limited access to detailed sewer infrastructure data. This study presents a data-reduced modelling framework based on delineated urban blocks, which serve as both hydrological response units and the spatial basis for generating gravity-consistent synthetic sewer networks from open geospatial data. We compared four model configurations: Thiessen polygons with a real network, blocks with a real network, blocks with a synthetic network, and a lumped model, using 32 monitored overflow events in a Swiss catchment. The synthetic block model reproduced overflow volumes within –10 % to +20 %, matched 80 % of peak timings within 15 min, while reducing structural complexity by approximately 30 %. Kling–Gupta efficiency scores confirmed valid performance, though simplified models tended to overpredict peak flows and underestimate overflow durations. The synthetic configuration exhibited more frequent surcharging and lower conduit storage near the outlet, reflecting geometric trade-offs in the automated layout. Despite these limitations, block-based models preserve spatial attribution of runoff and enable rapid screening of decentralised interventions without requiring full network datasets. The framework supports early-stage planning and is compatible with both open-source and utility-held data. By aligning model structure with urban form and reducing data demands, this approach offers a scalable, reproducible framework for planning and prioritising decentralised interventions for CSO mitigation, even in cities with limited access to sewer infrastructure data.

联合下水道溢流（cso）仍然是城市水污染的主要来源，由于极端降雨的增加和不透水表面的扩大而加剧。然而，由于无法获得详细的下水道基础设施数据，对公民社会组织进行建模和缓解的努力往往受到阻碍。本研究提出了一个基于圈定的城市街区的数据简化建模框架，作为水文响应单元和空间基础，从开放的地理空间数据生成重力一致的合成下水道网络。我们比较了四种模型配置：具有真实网络的Thiessen多边形，具有真实网络的块，具有合成网络的块和集总模型，使用瑞士集水区的32个监测溢出事件。合成块模型在- 10%到+ 20%的范围内再现了溢出体积，在15分钟内匹配了80%的峰值时间，同时将结构复杂性降低了约30%。克林-古普塔效率分数证实了有效的性能，尽管简化模型倾向于高估峰值流量和低估溢出持续时间。综合配置在出口附近表现出更频繁的附加费和更低的导管储存，反映了自动化布局中的几何权衡。尽管存在这些限制，但基于区块的模型保留了径流的空间属性，并且无需完整的网络数据集就可以快速筛选分散的干预措施。该框架支持早期规划，并与开源和实用程序持有的数据兼容。通过使模型结构与城市形态保持一致并减少数据需求，这种方法提供了一个可扩展、可重复的框架，可用于规划和优先考虑分散干预措施，以减轻公民社会组织的影响，即使在获取下水道基础设施数据有限的城市也是如此。

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引用次数: 0

The spatiotemporal influence of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on basin nitrogen exports based on CMAQ-SWAT model 基于CMAQ-SWAT模型的大气氮沉降对流域氮输出的时空影响

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100465

Qin Hu , Hui Peng , Xiaohuan Liu , Jie Zhang , Hongyun Song , Latif Kalin , Meng Jiang , Ke Yang , Zhicheng Fan , Xianfen Liu , Jie Shi

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has become an important non-point source contributing to surface water pollution and a critical challenge in river water quality management. Most existing studies focused on how atmospheric N deposition affect river N fluxes on basin or regional scales, whereas research on the spatiotemporal variability of its impact on riverine N exports remains limited. In this study, an air quality model (Community Multiscale Air Quality, CMAQ) was coupled with a watershed model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT) to accurately quantify N deposition fluxes across spatial and temporal scales and to trace their migration pathways. The integrated framework was applied to the Xiaoqing River Basin, a coastal watershed in eastern China. Results showed that atmospheric N deposition contributed 2.6 % to the total N export at the river outlet, with the highest monthly contribution in July (4.3 %). Atmospheric nitrate deposition accounted for 4.6 % of the total nitrate export, peaking at 11.4 % in July. During the wet season, 64.7 % of the annual atmospheric N deposition export occurred. Topography, land use/cover, and atmospheric N deposition flux jointly affected the spatial distribution of deposition-derived N exports, with higher contributions observed in steep-slope and urban areas. The coupled model effectively resolved the spatial-scale mismatch between atmospheric deposition patterns and watershed responses, providing new insights into the cascade processes linking atmospheric N emissions to aquatic environmental impacts.

大气氮沉降已成为地表水污染的重要非点源，是河流水质管理面临的严峻挑战。现有的研究大多集中在流域或区域尺度上大气氮沉降对河流氮通量的影响，而对其对河流氮输出影响的时空变异性研究仍然有限。在本研究中，空气质量模型（社区多尺度空气质量，CMAQ）与流域模型（土壤和水评估工具，SWAT）相结合，准确量化时空尺度上的N沉积通量，并追踪其迁移路径。该综合框架应用于中国东部沿海小清河流域。结果表明：大气氮沉降对河口总氮输出的贡献率为2.6%，其中7月的贡献率最高，为4.3%；大气硝酸盐沉积占硝酸盐出口总量的4.6%，7月份达到11.4%的峰值。全年大气氮沉降输出的64.7%发生在雨季。地形、土地利用/覆被和大气氮沉降通量共同影响了沉积型氮输出的空间分布，其中陡坡区和城区贡献较大。该耦合模型有效地解决了大气沉降模式与流域响应之间的空间尺度失配问题，为研究大气氮排放与水生环境影响的级联过程提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of contaminants of emerging concern in a cold-climate two-stage vertical flow treatment wetland 寒冷气候两级垂直流处理湿地中新出现的污染物特征

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100463

Lura Johnson , Christopher Allen , Pedro N. Carvalho , Vaidotas Kisielius , Otto Stein , Ellen Lauchnor

Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), particularly pharmaceuticals, are detected in wastewater in low concentrations, but pose environmental and public health risks, and are resistant to conventional treatment. As these compounds are increasingly monitored and studied, treatment methods are required to improve their removal. This study evaluates a well-characterized two-stage vertical flow treatment wetland (VFTW) designed to treat high-strength municipal wastewater in a cold climate.

Conventional wastewater contaminants were removed with high efficiency, including 96% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 98% removal of ammonia at water temperatures of 2–4 °C. Thirty-eight CECs were quantified in the influent wastewater during the winter operating season (December-April), with removal >80% observed for many of these compounds. Most CECs demonstrated higher removal in the unsaturated, aerobic stage of the VFTW. A ranking of the relative abundance of CECs found in liquid samples and solid media samples (porous media and associated biofilm) provided insights into the retention of certain compounds by solid media. It was found that the VFTW significantly reduced the concentrations of most CECs detected in the influent. Compared to literature values for similar systems, the Bridger VFTW demonstrated equal or superior removal for several CECs, despite lower ambient temperatures than found in the literature, although removal varied by compound.

This study contributes to a broader understanding of VFTWs, adding data that supports the feasibility of VFTWs to remove select CECs, and demonstrating the adaptability of VFTWs to cold climates without compromising their conventional treatment capabilities and their potential for CEC removal.

在废水中检测到的新出现的令人关注的污染物（CECs），特别是药品，浓度较低，但对环境和公共卫生构成风险，并且对常规处理有抗性。随着对这些化合物的监测和研究越来越多，需要采取处理方法来提高它们的去除率。本研究评估了一个特性良好的两级垂直流处理湿地（VFTW），该湿地设计用于处理寒冷气候下的高强度城市污水。在2-4℃的水温下，常规废水污染物的去除率很高，其中化学需氧量（COD）去除率为96%，氨的去除率为98%。在冬季操作季节（12月至4月），对进水废水中的38种CECs进行了量化，观察到其中许多化合物的去除率为80%。大多数CECs在VFTW的不饱和好氧阶段表现出较高的去除率。在液体样品和固体介质样品（多孔介质和相关生物膜）中发现的CECs的相对丰度排序提供了对固体介质保留某些化合物的见解。结果发现，VFTW显著降低了进水中检测到的大多数CECs的浓度。与类似系统的文献值相比，尽管环境温度比文献中发现的低，但Bridger VFTW对几种cec的去除效果相同或更好，尽管去除效果因化合物而异。本研究有助于更广泛地了解VFTWs，增加了支持VFTWs去除选定CEC的可行性的数据，并证明了VFTWs对寒冷气候的适应性，而不会影响其常规处理能力和去除CEC的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Digital water 数字水

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100405

Peter M. Bach , Elena Torfs , Wei Zeng

引用次数: 0

Energy and carbon neutral urban water management 能源和碳中和的城市水管理

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100434

George F. Wells , Yayi Wang , Ana Soares

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Low-cost, data-efficient, on-device soft sensors for sewer flow monitoring—learning from adjacent water level sensors” [Water Research X 29 (2025) 100415] “用于污水流量监测的低成本，数据高效，设备上的软传感器-从邻近水位传感器学习”的勘误表[水研究X 29 (2025) 100415]

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100435

Ruozhou LIN , Wenchong Tian , Ruihong QIU , Lihan HU , Zhiguo YUAN

引用次数: 0

Harnessing biofilm-mediated bioremediation for sustainable wastewater reuse: From mechanisms to policy integration 利用生物膜介导的生物修复实现废水的可持续再利用：从机制到政策整合

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100456

Yan Wang , Pengfei Hu , Eran Friedler , Alex Furman , Olivier Habimana

The necessity for secure wastewater recycling is escalating due to worldwide water shortages, putting the effectiveness of traditional treatment techniques to the test against contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Biofilm-mediated bioremediation (BMB) utilizes microbial communities encapsulated within an extracellular polymeric substance matrix to enhance pollutant removal through mechanisms of biosorption and biomineralization. This review systematically examines the foundations of BMB, including biofilm formation, microbial diversity, and reactor configurations (e.g., MBBR, MBR), highlighting their effectiveness in eliminating organics, heavy metals, and pathogens. This study explores advanced hybrid systems, like photocatalytic-MBBR, which improve the removal of persistent pollutants and help reduce risks such as the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, obstacles in sustained stability, ARG propagation, and scalable economic efficiency persist as paramount to the technology's implementation. Uniquely, this work bridges the gap between fundamental science and practical implementation by evaluating how BMB aligns with circular economy principles and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), thereby providing a mechanistic-to-policy roadmap to guide the scaling of biofilm-based solutions for sustainable wastewater management.

由于全球水资源短缺，安全废水回收的必要性正在升级，这对传统处理技术对新出现的污染物（CECs）的有效性进行了测试。生物膜介导的生物修复（BMB）利用包裹在细胞外聚合物质基质中的微生物群落，通过生物吸附和生物矿化机制来增强污染物的去除。本文系统探讨了生物膜反应器的基础，包括生物膜形成、微生物多样性和反应器配置（如MBBR、MBR），强调了它们在去除有机物、重金属和病原体方面的有效性。本研究探索了先进的混合系统，如光催化- mbbr，它可以改善对持久性污染物的去除，并有助于降低诸如抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）传播等风险。然而，持续稳定性、ARG传播和可扩展的经济效率方面的障碍仍然是该技术实施的首要问题。独特的是，这项工作通过评估BMB如何符合循环经济原则和联合国可持续发展目标（sdg），弥合了基础科学与实际实施之间的差距，从而提供了一个从机制到政策的路线图，指导基于生物膜的可持续废水管理解决方案的规模化。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-method analysis of microplastics in lake and wastewater treatment effluents: comparison of micro-FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry technique 湖泊和污水处理出水中微塑料的双法分析：微傅里叶变换红外与差示扫描量热法的比较

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100460

Soyeong Yoon , Narae Kim , Jooyoung Lee , Jin-Hyuk Choi , Taesoon Jang , Myeongsong Lee , Hyun-Ouk Kim , Suk-Jin Ha , Kwang Suk Lim , Jeong-Ann Park

Microplastics (MPs) pollution presents a significant analytical challenge in aquatic environments. This study compares two analytical techniques for MPs detection, spectroscopic analysis using micro-Fourier transform infrared (μFTIR) spectroscopy and thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), to comprehensively assess MPs. Samples were collected in March and October 2024 from Uiam Lake and effluents discharged by two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Chuncheon, South Korea. In both sampling periods, MPs concentrations ranged from 0.38 to 4.0 no./L (μFTIR) and 0.38 to 5.34 μg/L (DSC). The detected MPs varied in size (17–5000 μm), color, and were mostly fragmented. The highest concentration and largest MPs were observed at the most downstream site of Uiam Lake, indicating MPs accumulation primarily through nonpoint sources and significant influence from anthropogenic contamination. Using both μFTIR and DSC analyses, PMMA, PET, and PS MPs were commonly detected in Uiam Lake and effluents from both WWTPs consistently contained PMMA, PET, PS, and PE MPs. However, certain polymers were detected by only one of the methods. This discrepancy caused by differences in sample volumes, 500–1000 L for DSC and 5–10 L for μFTIR analysis, as well as the limited range of polymers that can be analyzed by DSC. Therefore, while μFTIR is more effective for identifying a broad range of polymer types, DSC offers superior quantification of MPs mass. A dual analytical strategy thus provides a balanced representation of both particle- and mass-based data, which is essential for accurate environmental assessment and source attribution of MPs pollution.

微塑料（MPs）污染在水生环境中提出了重大的分析挑战。本研究比较了两种检测MPs的分析技术，微傅里叶变换红外光谱（μFTIR）光谱分析和差示扫描量热法（DSC）热分析，以全面评估MPs。于2024年3月和10月从韩国春川的Uiam湖和两个污水处理厂排放的污水中收集了样本。在两个采样期间，MPs浓度范围为0.38至4.0 no。/L （μFTIR）和0.38 ~ 5.34 μ L （DSC）。检测到的MPs大小不一（17-5000 μm），颜色各异，且大多呈碎片状。在最下游的义岩湖，MPs浓度最高，最大，表明MPs主要通过非点源积累，受到人为污染的显著影响。μFTIR和DSC分析结果显示，湖水体中普遍存在PMMA、PET和PS等多聚物，两个污水处理厂出水均含有PMMA、PET、PS和PE等多聚物。然而，某些聚合物只能通过其中一种方法检测到。这种差异是由于样品体积的差异造成的，DSC分析为500-1000 L， μFTIR分析为5-10 L，以及DSC可以分析的聚合物范围有限。因此，虽然μFTIR在识别广泛的聚合物类型方面更有效，但DSC在MPs质量的定量方面更优越。因此，双重分析策略提供了基于粒子和质量的数据的平衡表示，这对于准确的环境评估和MPs污染的来源归属至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing the hidden burden: A life cycle assessment (LCA) of water treatment sludge disposal 揭露隐藏的负担：水处理污泥处置的生命周期评估（LCA）

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100461

Alisher Alibekov , Eldar Almagambetov , Woojin Lee

This study presents a detailed life cycle assessment of four widely used water treatment sludge disposal strategies – lagooning, direct discharge, landfilling, and land application. Previously, sludge disposal was considered to have a very limited impact and was often ignored when conducting LCA analysis of water treatment facilities. However, this work revealed that sludge disposal contributed more to total environmental burden than the treatment stage in most of the impact categories. For instance, the land application scenario accounted for the human health damage of 1.43E-05 DALY (disability adjusted life years) compared to only 4.49E-07 DALY of the treatment stage, or 96.7% of the facility total, while landfilling was responsible for the ecosystems damage of 2.63E-09 opposed to 4.86E-10 species/year of the treatment stage, or 84.4% of the facility total. Lagooning and discharge to river accounted for less, but still significant share of impact in those categories – 2.73E-07 DALY and 2.01E-10 species/year for lagooning and 1.36E-06 DALY and 2.20E-09 species/year for discharge. Further, Monte Carlo simulation results showed that endpoint impacts can vary by up to a factor of 10 depending on energy profiles, metal concentrations, and system configuration. Specifically, the highest sensitivity was observed for land application and landfilling scenarios, while lagooning and discharge scenarios were proven to be relatively stable under varying conditions. These results thus make it clear that fate-specific sludge disposal emissions can dominate facility-level damages and therefore should be incorporated into environmental assessments and regulatory planning for drinking-water treatment systems.

本研究提出了四种广泛使用的水处理污泥处置策略的详细生命周期评估-泻湖，直接排放，填埋和土地应用。以前，污泥处理被认为影响非常有限，在对水处理设施进行LCA分析时经常被忽略。然而，这项工作表明，在大多数影响类别中，污泥处置对总环境负担的贡献大于处理阶段。例如，土地应用情景对人类健康的损害为1.43E-05 DALY（残疾调整生命年），而处理阶段仅为4.49E-07 DALY，占设施总量的96.7%；垃圾填埋对生态系统的损害为2.63E-09，而处理阶段为4.86E-10物种/年，占设施总量的84.4%。泻湖和向河流排放的影响较小，但仍占显著的份额，泻湖的影响为2.73E-07 DALY和2.01E-10物种/年，排放的影响为1.36E-06 DALY和2.20E-09物种/年。此外，蒙特卡罗模拟结果表明，端点影响可以根据能量分布、金属浓度和系统配置变化高达10倍。具体而言，土地申请和堆填情景的敏感性最高，而泻湖和排放情景在不同条件下相对稳定。因此，这些结果清楚地表明，特定命运的污泥处置排放可以主导设施级损害，因此应纳入饮用水处理系统的环境评估和监管规划。

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引用次数: 0