Water Research X最新文献_第7页

Spontaneous enhancement of nitrate assimilation facilitates the adaptation of anaerobic microbiome to hyperosmotic stress by promoting osmoprotectants synthesis 硝酸盐同化的自发增强通过促进渗透保护剂的合成，促进厌氧微生物组对高渗胁迫的适应

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100447

Fei Han , Yiting Guo , Shuhui Zhang , Mengru Zhang , Chuanfu Zhao , Wenhao Zhang , Qinyang Li , Weizhi Zhou

The biotransformation of nitrate (NO₃⁻-N), one of the main reactive nitrogen (N) types produced by human activities, is profoundly changing global climate and biodiversity. In human N-managed systems, NO₃⁻-N transformation is often disturbed by salinity fluctuations in wastewater, ranging from 1 % to 3.5 %. As an important component of central nutrient metabolism, NO₃⁻-N metabolism may facilitate the adaptation of freshwater microorganisms to withstand hypertonic stress, yet the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that increasing salinity redistributed NO₃⁻-N transformation pathways and fluxes of freshwater anaerobic sludge, causing over 70 % declines in both NO₃⁻-N and total nitrogen removal efficiency, despite sufficient organic carbon and prolonged domestication time are provided. Denitrification dominated NO₃⁻-N transformation at a salinity <2 %, whereas assimilatory nitrate reduction outperformed denitrification and contributed an average of 53 % to NO₃⁻-N removal within the salinity range of 2–3 %. Salinity levels ≥2 % also triggered steep microbial biomass and diversity losses. Metagenomics revealed that the abundance of genes linked to denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium declined with rising salinity, while genes coding for nitrite assimilation and the synthesis and transport of osmoprotectants were up-regulated compared to low salinity conditions. Additionally, species harboring nitrogen assimilation genes nasE, glnA, and gdhA were enriched as salinity increased from 0 % to 3 %. These results highlighted that spontaneous enhancement of N assimilation facilitates amino acid metabolism and osmoprotectants synthesis, thereby reinforcing the metabolic adaptation of freshwater anaerobic communities to hyperosmotic stress. These findings offer new perspectives on the coupling of microbial nitrogen metabolism and osmoregulatory mechanisms.

硝酸氮（NO3−-N）是人类活动产生的主要活性氮(N)类型之一，其生物转化正在深刻改变全球气候和生物多样性。在人类氮管理系统中，NO3−-N的转化经常受到废水中盐度波动的干扰，范围从1%到3.5%。NO3−-N代谢作为中心营养物质代谢的重要组成部分，可能促进淡水微生物适应高渗胁迫，但其调控机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们证明了盐度的增加重新分配了淡水厌氧污泥的NO3−-N转化途径和通量，导致NO3−-N和总氮去除效率下降超过70%，尽管提供了足够的有机碳和延长驯化时间。在盐度为2%时，反硝化作用主导了NO3−-N的转化，而同化硝酸盐还原作用优于反硝化作用，在盐度为2 - 3%的范围内平均贡献了53%的NO3−-N去除率。盐度水平≥2%也会导致微生物生物量和多样性急剧下降。宏基因组学显示，与反硝化和异化硝态氮还原成铵相关的基因丰度随着盐度的升高而下降，而与亚硝酸盐同化和渗透保护剂合成和运输相关的基因丰度与低盐度条件相比上调。此外，当盐度从0%增加到3%时，含有氮同化基因nasE、glnA和gdhA的物种富集。这些结果表明，氮同化的自发增强促进了氨基酸代谢和渗透保护剂的合成，从而增强了淡水厌氧群落对高渗胁迫的代谢适应。这些发现为研究微生物氮代谢与渗透调节机制的耦合提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of south-to-north water transfer project on ecology of typical water receiving area-Xiashan reservoir, China 南水北调工程对典型受水区——下山水库生态的影响

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100446

Zhuangzhuang Xiang , Tiantian Chen , Wei Gao , Weijun Tian , Jie Bai

Inter-basin water transfers are known to profoundly modify the ecological structure of aquatic systems, however, comparative studies assessing the ecological impacts on transferred versus non-transferred water bodies remain limited, particularly within the framework of large-scale projects such as the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP). The present study examined the trophic dynamics of two reservoirs: Xiashan (XS) reservoir, receiving water via the eastern route of the SNWTP, and Mushan (MS) reservoir, a non-transferred reference reservoir. Using stable isotope analysis, the trophic structures of functional communities in both systems were characterized. Our findings revealed a lower isotope overlap in the XS Reservoir compared to the MS Reservoir. Additionally, the fish community in the XS Reservoir exhibited longer food chains, greater isotopic diversity, wider ecological niches, and a more even trophic distribution relative to the MS Reservoir. These findings implied that water transfer operations under the SNWTP may enhance community diversity, expand ecological niches, and promote a more uniform distribution of nutrients within recipient reservoirs, which provides critical insights into the ecological consequences of inter-basin water transfers and supports informed management of impacted aquatic ecosystems.

众所周知，跨流域调水会深刻改变水生系统的生态结构，然而，评估调水与非调水水体生态影响的比较研究仍然有限，特别是在南水北调工程（SNWTP）等大型项目的框架内。本文研究了通过北水北调东线取水的夏山水库（XS）和未调入参考水库的木山水库（MS）的营养动态。利用稳定同位素分析对两种系统功能群落的营养结构进行了表征。我们的研究结果显示，与MS储层相比，XS储层中的同位素重叠较低。此外，与MS水库相比，XS水库的鱼类群落表现出更长的食物链、更大的同位素多样性、更广泛的生态位和更均匀的营养分布。这些研究结果表明，在长江南水北调下的调水操作可以增强群落多样性，扩大生态位，促进水库内营养物质的更均匀分布，这为流域间调水的生态后果提供了重要的见解，并为受影响的水生生态系统的知情管理提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

Graph neural networks for hydraulic predictions in water distribution networks: incorporating sensor data and physical constraints 图神经网络的水力预测在配水网络：结合传感器数据和物理约束

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100448

Zilin Li , Haixing Liu , Yani Wang , Chi Zhang , Xingsen Guo , Guangtao Fu

Accurately predicting hydraulic states in water Distribution Networks (WDNs) is essential for maintaining effective pressure management and ensuring a reliable water supply. Traditional hydraulic models, however, face significant challenges related to calibration complexities and high costs, particularly under sparse sensor conditions. This study introduces an innovative approach that integrates a Gated Graph Neural Network (GGNN) with sensor-based initialization and loose physical constraints for predicting hydraulic states in WDNs. The GGNN leverages sensor data and graph topology to improve nodal head predictions, while a physical constraint—enforcing that upstream heads are greater than downstream heads—enhances consistency. Evaluations across three distinct WDNs demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of the proposed method, with consistent hyperparameters applied to all networks. Across three real-world network cases, the model achieves a mean absolute error (MAE) as low as 0.10 m and a Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) up to 0.90. Expressed relative to typical head magnitudes, these errors correspond to ≤2 % across networks, indicating practical accuracy under sparse sensing.These results underscore the robustness of sensor-based initialization and physical constraints, highlighting their contribution to accurate hydraulic state prediction even under sparse data conditions. This work provides a practical, scalable solution for hydraulic modelling of WDNs, advancing proactive urban water management. The code is available at https://github.com/Johnny328/GGNN-hydraulic-state-prediction.git.

准确预测配水管网中的水力状态对于维持有效的压力管理和确保可靠的供水至关重要。然而，传统的水力模型面临着与校准复杂性和高成本相关的重大挑战，特别是在稀疏传感器条件下。本研究介绍了一种创新的方法，该方法将门控图神经网络（GGNN）与基于传感器的初始化和松散的物理约束相结合，用于预测wdn中的水力状态。GGNN利用传感器数据和图拓扑来改进节点头预测，而物理约束强制要求上游头大于下游头，从而增强了一致性。对三个不同wdn的评估表明了所提出方法的有效性和泛化性，并将一致的超参数应用于所有网络。在三个真实网络案例中，该模型实现了低至0.10 m的平均绝对误差（MAE）和高达0.90的纳什-苏特克利夫效率（NSE）。相对于典型的头部幅度表示，这些误差在整个网络中对应于≤2%，表明在稀疏感知下的实际精度。这些结果强调了基于传感器的初始化和物理约束的鲁棒性，强调了它们在稀疏数据条件下对准确的水力状态预测的贡献。这项工作为wdn的水力建模提供了一个实用的、可扩展的解决方案，促进了前瞻性的城市水资源管理。代码可在https://github.com/Johnny328/GGNN-hydraulic-state-prediction.git上获得。

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引用次数: 0

Application of simplified machine learning models to assess and predict lake water quality 简化机器学习模型在湖泊水质评估和预测中的应用

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100445

Jiangqi Qu , JunFeng Ma , Yonghong Luo , Yinchi Ma

Reliable and efficient prediction of the Lake Water Quality Index (WQI) using minimal input parameters is essential for sustainable freshwater management and global ecological resilience. We present a multi-decadal, global synthesis of lake water quality across five continents (1950s–2020s) and a globally generalizable framework for WQI prediction based on 140,028 validated samples. Spatially, European lakes exhibited the highest water quality, while African and South American lakes were predominantly “Fair,” and Asian lakes showed the greatest variability. Temporally, WQI remained stable until the 1970s and then improved steadily from the 1980s onward, reflecting the cumulative effects of regulatory measures and management interventions. Six ML models including SVR, ANN, RF, XGBoost, KAN, and LSTM were systematically benchmarked using both random and chronological splits. XGBoost achieved the best performance (R² = 0.999, RMSE = 0.45), followed by RF and KAN, while sequence-based models such as LSTM performed poorly, indicating that WQI prediction is primarily a nonlinear mapping rather than a strongly autoregressive process. Feature attribution using permutation importance and SHAP identified dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus as dominant predictors. Simplifying the model to these three parameters preserved high accuracy (R² = 0.98) and reduced data collection costs. The globally trained simplified XGBoost model accurately reproduced temporal dynamics in three urban lakes in Washington State (R² = 0.906), confirming strong cross-regional transferability. These findings establish tree-based ensemble learning as a scalable, interpretable, and cost-effective solution for global lake water quality prediction and adaptive monitoring.

利用最小输入参数进行湖泊水质指数（WQI）的可靠、高效预测对可持续淡水管理和全球生态恢复力至关重要。我们提出了横跨五大洲（1950年代至2020年代）的多年代际全球湖泊水质综合，以及基于140,028个验证样本的全球广义WQI预测框架。在空间上，欧洲湖泊表现出最高的水质，而非洲和南美湖泊以“一般”为主，亚洲湖泊表现出最大的变化。从时间上看，WQI一直保持稳定，直到20世纪70年代，然后从20世纪80年代开始稳步改善，反映了监管措施和管理干预的累积效应。包括SVR、ANN、RF、XGBoost、KAN和LSTM在内的六个ML模型使用随机和时间分裂进行系统基准测试。XGBoost表现最好（R²= 0.999,RMSE = 0.45），其次是RF和KAN，而基于序列的模型（如LSTM）表现较差，表明WQI预测主要是一个非线性映射而不是一个强自回归过程。利用排列重要性和SHAP识别出溶解氧、总氮和总磷是主要的预测因子。将模型简化为这三个参数，保持了较高的精度（R²= 0.98），降低了数据收集成本。全球训练的简化XGBoost模型准确再现了华盛顿州三个城市湖泊的时间动态（R²= 0.906），证实了较强的跨区域可转移性。这些发现为全球湖泊水质预测和自适应监测提供了一种可扩展、可解释且具有成本效益的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

narG, rather than napA, mediates aerobic nitrate reduction process in Pseudomonas putida Y-9 narG，而不是napA，在恶臭假单胞菌Y-9中介导好氧硝酸盐还原过程

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100437

Yuwen Luo , Luo Luo , Xuejiao Huang , Daihua Jiang , Zhenlun Li

Pseudomonas putida Y-9 simultaneously performs assimilatory nitrate reduction (ANRA), dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), and denitrification under aerobic conditions, among which ANRA and DNRA enhance nitrogen retention in ecosystems. However, the key genes involved in the process of nitrate (NO₃⁻-N) reduction remain elusive. In this study, the nitrate reductase-encoding genes napA- or narG-knockout mutants of P. putida Y-9 were constructed to elucidate their roles in nitrogen transformation. The NO₃⁻-N removal efficiency of napA mutant was 88.59% with comparable to the wild-type (87.24%), whereas the growth and NO₃⁻-N reduction of the narG mutant were severely impaired. ¹⁵N isotope experiments demonstrated that narG is essential for both DNRA and ANRA pathways. napA- and narG-deficient mutants showed lower nitrite (NO₂⁻-N) removal efficiencies (82.30 and 83.86%, respectively) than the wild-type (97.00%). Although both mutants completely removed ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), less NH₄⁺-N was oxidized into gaseous nitrogen (11.96 and 13.16%, respectively) than the wild-type (22.89%). Meanwhile, glnA (regulating NH₄⁺-N assimilation) was significantly upregulated in both mutants. Hence, narG is responsible for the aerobic reduction of NO₃⁻-N to NO₂⁻-N in P. putida Y-9, thereby influencing ANRA, DNRA, and denitrification, whereas napA shows functional redundancy in these pathways. Mutation of either napA or narG impairs NO₂⁻-N reduction but promotes NH₄⁺-N assimilation. These findings provide the first genetic evidence that narG facilitates aerobic NO₃⁻-N reduction in Pseudomonas spp., advancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of napA and narG in the nitrogen cycle.

恶臭假单胞菌Y-9在好氧条件下同时进行同化性硝酸盐还原（ANRA）、异化性硝酸盐还原为铵态氮（DNRA）和反硝化作用，其中ANRA和DNRA增强了生态系统中的氮潴留。然而，参与硝酸盐（NO3−-N）还原过程的关键基因仍不清楚。本研究构建了putida Y-9的硝酸还原酶编码基因napA或narg敲除突变体，以阐明其在氮转化中的作用。突变体napA的NO3−-N去除率为88.59%，与野生型（87.24%）相当，而突变体narG的生长和NO3−-N还原受到严重损害。15N同位素实验表明，narG在DNRA和ANRA通路中都是必需的。缺乏napA和narg的突变体对亚硝酸盐（NO2−- n）的去除率分别为82.30%和83.86%，低于野生型（97.00%）。虽然两个突变体完全去除了铵态氮（NH4+-N），但NH4+-N被氧化成气态氮的比例（分别为11.96%和13.16%）低于野生型（22.89%）。同时，glnA（调节NH4+-N同化）在两个突变体中均显著上调。因此，narG负责p.p putida Y-9中NO3−-N的好氧还原为NO2−-N，从而影响ANRA， DNRA和反硝化，而napA在这些途径中显示功能冗余。napA或narG的突变都会损害NO2−-N的还原，但会促进NH4+-N的同化。这些发现提供了narG促进假单胞菌好氧NO3−-N还原的第一个遗传学证据，促进了我们对napA和narG在氮循环中的分子机制的理解。

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引用次数: 0

A data-driven framework for planning-oriented decision support in integrated watershed management: insights from machine learning in Northern China 流域综合管理中面向规划的决策支持的数据驱动框架：来自中国北方机器学习的见解

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100443

Mei-Yun Lu , Jie Ding , Xin-Lei Yu , Yi-Lin Zhao , Ji-Wei Pang , Yan Li , Shao-Nan Shi , Nan-Qi Ren , Shan-Shan Yang

Spatial heterogeneity and anthropogenic disparities contribute to varying pollution challenges across global water bodies, highlighting the importance of understanding regional patterns and key pollution issues to support watershed management strategies tailored to local conditions. However, current research on watershed management decision-making is limited, with insufficient emphasis on the relationship between regional characteristics and pollution issues. To address the gap, this study developed a hybrid framework for identifying regional patterns and key pollution issues by coupling multiple machine learning models. This framework integrates K-means clustering with the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) classification model and employs shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analysis to enhance the classification and recognition of regional feature patterns. Furthermore, six prediction models were evaluated to predict key pollution drivers, with the gradient boosting machine (GBM) showing superior performance (Coefficient of determination, R² = 0.839; Mean squared error, MSE =0.00757). The results identified four distinct city clusters with divergent urban characteristics, including high pollution levels, well-developed agriculture, water shortage, and underdeveloped economies. Further analysis revealed specific pollution risks in different clusters, supporting the need for differentiated control priorities. The application of this framework in northern China demonstrates its effectiveness in identifying regional patterns and key pollution drivers, aiding governments and practitioners in efficiently conducting pre-planning for watershed pollution control based on regional characteristics. Positioned as the initial stage of a multi-layered decision-making architecture for sustainable watershed governance, the framework provides a valuable perspective and emphasizes the importance of developing a full-process decision support system.

空间异质性和人为差异导致全球水体面临不同的污染挑战，凸显了了解区域格局和关键污染问题对支持因地制宜的流域管理战略的重要性。然而，目前对流域管理决策的研究有限，对区域特征与污染问题之间的关系重视不够。为了解决这一差距，本研究开发了一个混合框架，通过耦合多个机器学习模型来识别区域模式和关键污染问题。该框架将K-means聚类与极端梯度增强（XGBoost）分类模型相结合，并采用shapley加性解释（SHAP）分析来增强区域特征模式的分类和识别。结果表明，梯度增强机（gradient boosting machine， GBM）对关键污染驱动因素的预测效果较好（决定系数R2 = 0.839，均方误差MSE =0.00757）。结果确定了四个不同的城市群，它们具有不同的城市特征，包括高污染水平、农业发达、水资源短缺和经济不发达。进一步的分析揭示了不同集群的具体污染风险，支持有必要区分控制重点。该框架在中国北方的应用表明，它在识别区域格局和主要污染驱动因素方面是有效的，有助于政府和从业者根据区域特征有效地进行流域污染控制的预先规划。该框架定位为可持续流域治理多层次决策架构的初始阶段，提供了一个有价值的视角，并强调了开发全流程决策支持系统的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effective removal and concentration of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) using asymmetric membrane capacitive deionization with stop–flow operation 采用不对称膜电容去离子和停止流动操作有效去除全氟烷基物质（PFAS）

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100444

SeongBeom Jeon , Eunji Lee , Nguyen Cong Hau , Taijin Min , Yunho Lee , Hongsik Yoon

The effective removal and concentration of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from aquatic environments has emerged as a critical challenge owing to their persistence, widespread occurrence, and potential human health risks. This study investigated the feasibility of using an asymmetric membrane capacitive deionization (ACDI) system for PFAS adsorption and concentration under various operational conditions. The results demonstrated that the ACDI system effectively adsorbed short-chain PFAS, even at low concentrations. Additionally, by employing a stop-flow operation during the desorption phase, the concentration factor was enhanced by 1.4 to 2.8 times compared to that achieved under a continuous-flow operation. The effects of key operational parameters, including initial concentration, applied voltage, flow rate, and desorption time, were systematically evaluated, in which the maximum concentration factor also reached 6.15 times. The performance of the system was further assessed using single-component, multi-component, and simulated semiconductor wastewater solutions containing various types of PFAS. Notably, even in simulated semiconductor wastewater containing high levels of competing ions and organic matter, the ACDI system maintained superior adsorption and concentration performance for short-chain PFAS, particularly trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the applicability and operational factors associated with implementing ACDI systems for PFAS treatment scenarios, highlighting their effectiveness in the removal and concentration of short-chain PFAS.

由于全氟烷基物质的持久性、广泛存在性和潜在的人类健康风险，从水生环境中有效去除和浓缩全氟烷基物质已成为一项重大挑战。研究了不对称膜电容去离子（ACDI）系统在不同操作条件下吸附和浓缩PFAS的可行性。结果表明，即使在低浓度下，ACDI体系也能有效吸附短链PFAS。此外，通过在解吸阶段采用停止流动操作，与连续流动操作相比，浓度系数提高了1.4至2.8倍。系统评价了初始浓度、施加电压、流速、脱附时间等关键操作参数对脱附效果的影响，其中最大浓度因子也达到6.15倍。通过单组分、多组分和含有不同类型PFAS的模拟半导体废水溶液，进一步评估了系统的性能。值得注意的是，即使在含有高水平竞争离子和有机物的模拟半导体废水中，ACDI系统对短链PFAS，特别是三氟乙酸（TFA）也保持了优异的吸附和浓缩性能。总的来说，本研究为实施ACDI系统治疗PFAS的适用性和操作因素提供了有价值的见解，突出了它们在去除和浓缩短链PFAS方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial risks and nutrient loading impacts of centralized treatment and converged wastewater discharge under dynamic coastal current 动态海流条件下污水集中处理和汇流排放的微生物风险及养分负荷影响

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100442

Linus S.H. Lo , Jingyu Liu , Jiejun Luo , Peiyuan Ye , Zhijun Dai , Yangjian Cheng , Ahmed Noor Muhammad , Patrick K.H. Lee , Jinping Cheng

Coastal ecosystems are increasingly affected by anthropogenic activities and land-based pollution, necessitating improved wastewater treatment systems and management strategies to ensure safe and sustainable usage. Using Victoria Harbor, Hong Kong as a model system, this study evaluates the ecological and water quality impacts of the combined centralizing and upgrading of preliminary wastewater treatment through contemporary monthly environmental DNA metabarcoding and long-term historical environmental monitoring data. Our findings indicate that while centralized chemically enhanced primary treatment significantly reduced phosphorus and microbial pollution in the study region when compared to historical baselines, the relocation of effluent discharge points reshaped microbial community structures in the direct effluent-receiving site VM7 with reduced Cyanobacteria. Beyond temperature as the seasonality indicator, parameters such as salinity, 5-day biological oxygen demand, and nitrite nitrogen were major contributors shaping the variation in microbial community composition. Under dynamic hydrodynamic conditions, VM7 could be a higher risk accumulation zone, enriching pathogens such as Bacteroides vulgatus. Temporally, elevated nitrogen concentration, particularly during the warm and wet season, were exacerbated by land runoff and rainfall-driven deposition, coinciding with increased pathogen prevalence. Seasonal analyses revealed that microbial activity and nutrient pollution were higher in the wet season, while key nitrogen transformation pathways, such as denitrification, decreased in the dry season. Comprehensive pathogen screening identified 27 potentially pathogenic bacterial species, predominantly at low abundances but with higher diversity at the effluent outfall. Notably, human pathogens increased during the wet season, raising health risks, although antibiotic resistance genes were not shown to be enriched. These results underscore the need for integrating spatial and temporal heterogeneity into environmental impact assessments to accurately capture risk dynamics. Emphasizing site-specific monitoring and management approaches is crucial for mitigating nutrient imbalances and microbial pollution, thus safeguarding coastal ecosystem health and public safety. This work provides essential insights for optimizing wastewater treatment and environmental management practices in coastal regions facing similar pollution challenges.

沿海生态系统日益受到人为活动和陆地污染的影响，需要改进废水处理系统和管理战略，以确保安全和可持续的使用。本研究以香港维多利亚港为模型系统，通过当代月度环境DNA元条形码和长期历史环境监测数据，评估污水初步处理集中升级联合处理对生态和水质的影响。我们的研究结果表明，虽然与历史基线相比，集中化学强化一级处理显著降低了研究区域的磷和微生物污染，但污水排放点的迁移重塑了直接污水接收点VM7的微生物群落结构，减少了蓝藻。除了温度作为季节性指标外，盐度、5天生物需氧量和亚硝酸盐氮等参数是影响微生物群落组成变化的主要因素。在动态水动力条件下，VM7可能是高危富集区，富集普通拟杆菌等病原菌。从时间上看，氮浓度升高，特别是在暖季和雨季，因土地径流和降雨驱动的沉积而加剧，与病原体流行率增加相一致。季节分析表明，微生物活性和养分污染在丰水季较高，而关键的氮转化途径，如反硝化作用，在旱季减少。综合病原体筛选鉴定出27种潜在致病性细菌，主要是低丰度，但在出水处具有较高的多样性。值得注意的是，人类病原体在雨季增加，增加了健康风险，尽管抗生素抗性基因并未显示出增加。这些结果强调了将空间和时间异质性纳入环境影响评估以准确捕捉风险动态的必要性。强调特定地点的监测和管理方法对于减轻营养失衡和微生物污染至关重要，从而维护沿海生态系统健康和公共安全。这项工作为面临类似污染挑战的沿海地区优化废水处理和环境管理实践提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-source ecological water replenishment reshapes microbial community assembly and network stability in a water-scarce river 多源生态补水重塑缺水河流微生物群落聚集和网络稳定性

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100441

Xin Kou , Xiong Cao , Yushuai Wang , Zitong Sun , Jianghao Ji , Gaoqi Duan , Zengliang Peng , Xiaofei Sun , Xiaofeng Cao , Weixiao Qi , Jianfeng Peng , Huijuan Liu , Jiuhui Qu

Ecological water replenishment (EWR) has been an essential strategy to alleviate water scarcity and restore ecological functions in degraded rivers. However, the ecological consequences of multi-source replenishment, particularly how diverse water inputs jointly reshape microbial communities, assembly processes and network stability, remain largely underexplored. Here, we investigated the Yongding River Basin, a representative water-scarce river system in northern China that receives inflows including natural surface runoff, inter-basin transfers from Yellow River and South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWD), and reclaimed municipal wastewater. Through integrated analysis of bacterioplankton and bacteriobenthos communities, we found a progressive decline in alpha diversity and significant shifts in beta diversity from upstream to downstream sections with increasing engineered inputs. Stochastic processes dominated the assembly of both bacterioplankton and bacteriobenthos, although their relative importance varied with replenishment source. Compared with natural runoff, the proportions of dispersal limitation and homogeneous selection for bacterioplankton decreased under Yellow River and mixed replenishment, whereas bacteriobenthos assembly exhibited little overall change. Network analysis further revealed that EWR reduced the resilience of bacterioplankton network but enhanced that of bacteriobenthos. Across the entire aquatic ecosystem, microbial network complexity was strongly and positively associated with ecological stability. More, community assembly process affected network stability not only directly but also indirectly through their regulation of microbial diversity. These findings advance the mechanistic understanding of how large-scale, multi-source EWR reshapes microbial ecology and network structure, providing valuable insights for optimizing water input allocation, enhancing the functional recovery of aquatic microbial ecosystems, and supporting the sustainable management of water resources.

生态补水已成为缓解江河水资源短缺、恢复江河生态功能的重要策略。然而，多源补给的生态后果，特别是不同的水输入如何共同重塑微生物群落、组装过程和网络稳定性，在很大程度上仍未得到充分探索。本文研究了永定河流域，这是中国北方代表性的缺水水系，其流入包括自然地表径流、黄河流域间转移和南水北调工程（SNWD）以及城市再生废水。通过对浮游细菌和底栖细菌群落的综合分析，我们发现随着工程投入的增加，α多样性逐渐下降，β多样性从上游向下游显著转移。随机过程在浮游细菌和底栖细菌的聚集中占主导地位，但其相对重要性随补给源的不同而不同。与自然径流相比，黄河和混合补给下浮游细菌的扩散限制和均匀选择比例降低，而底栖细菌群落总体变化不大。网络分析进一步表明，EWR降低了浮游细菌网络的弹性，但增强了底栖细菌网络的弹性。在整个水生生态系统中，微生物网络复杂性与生态稳定性呈显著正相关。群落组装过程不仅直接影响网络稳定性，而且还通过调节微生物多样性间接影响网络稳定性。这些发现促进了对大规模、多源EWR如何重塑微生物生态和网络结构的机制理解，为优化水投入配置、促进水生微生物生态系统功能恢复和支持水资源可持续管理提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Fungal-based wastewater treatment: pharmaceutical removal and nutrient release from a pellet system 基于真菌的废水处理：从颗粒系统中去除药物和释放营养物质

IF 8.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research X

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2025.100440

Malin Hultberg , Tsz Yung (Patrick) Wong , Bent Speksnijder , Oksana Golovko

In this study, we evaluated the use of fungal pellets produced from commercially available mushroom spawn of two white-rot fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor) for removing pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewater. The impact of the treatment on 33 pharmaceuticals in wastewater sampled from various process stages, including after primary and secondary clarification and tertiary treated effluent, was evaluated. Treatments were tested for up to 72 h, with monitoring of pharmaceutical concentrations, laccase activity, and nutrient levels. High removal efficiencies, exceeding 90 %, were achieved within 24 h of treatment, including for several pharmaceuticals prioritized under the revised Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive. Removal performance remained high in the wastewater collected after primary clarification, demonstrating that the spawn-based fungal pellets remained functional in this complex wastewater matrix. This finding is of interest as the treatment resulted in increased levels of organic carbon and total phosphorus, highlighting the need for downstream management or process integration. Integration early in the treatment process, coupled with strategies for biomass valorization and nutrient control, could enhance its application in municipal wastewater management. Our results support the feasibility of fungal pellet treatment as a sustainable option for pharmaceutical removal. Further research is needed to address transformation products, economic viability, and large-scale deployment.

在这项研究中，我们评估了用市售的两种白腐菌（平菇和色曲霉）的菌种生产的真菌颗粒去除城市污水中的药物的效果。评估了该处理对从不同工艺阶段取样的废水中的33种药物的影响，包括经过初级和二级澄清和三级处理的废水。对处理进行长达72小时的测试，监测药物浓度、漆酶活性和营养水平。在处理后24小时内实现了超过90%的高去除效率，包括根据修订的城市废水处理指令优先考虑的几种药物。在初次澄清后收集的废水中，去除性能仍然很高，这表明基于产卵的真菌颗粒在这种复杂的废水基质中仍然有效。这一发现令人感兴趣，因为处理导致有机碳和总磷水平增加，突出了下游管理或工艺整合的必要性。在处理过程的早期整合，加上生物质增值和营养控制策略，可以加强其在城市污水管理中的应用。我们的结果支持真菌颗粒治疗作为药物去除的可持续选择的可行性。需要进一步的研究来处理转换产品、经济可行性和大规模部署。

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引用次数: 0