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Splitting the difference: Genetically-tunable mycelial films using natural genetic variations in schizophyllum commune 分裂差异:利用裂叶植物群落的自然遗传变异进行基因调节的菌丝膜
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.05.004
Viraj Whabi, Jianping Xu
Fungal mycelium, renowned for its robust fiber structure, is gaining widespread attention as a sustainable alternative to traditional plastics and textiles. Strain optimization offers the opportunity to improve these mycelial materials by systematically selecting specific phenotypes that have ideal mechanical and physiochemical properties. Schizophyllum commune, the common split gill mushroom, is a cosmopolitan species with over 23 000 mating types and abundant genetic diversity. In this study, this species was used as a model to explore the potential of leveraging natural genetic variation within species to develop fungal mycelial materials with diverse properties. Specifically, four divergent monokaryotic strains of S. commune sourced globally were selected, and through mating, 12 dikaryotic progeny, each with their unique combinations of nuclear and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were derived. These 16 strains were assessed for their growth in both solid and liquid media. Their mycelia from liquid media were further processed, including by linking with two different crosslinkers, polyethylene glycol 400, and glycerol, to form mycelial films. Mechanical testing and surface characterization showed that the mycelial films differed greatly in a diversity of features, from water retention to strength, ductility, morphology, and hydrophobicity. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that different strains had unique chemical fingerprints revealing diverse cell wall composition that interfaced with each of the crosslinkers uniquely. Statistical analyses revealed that, along with the highly influential crosslinker effects, nuclear-mitochondrial genotype interactions were key factors in tuning the performances of these materials. The two-layer tunability of the fungal materials points to the novel potential for genetically optimized strains, such as through protoplasting to separate nuclei in dikaryons to monokaryons with new nuclear-mitochondrial combinations and/or protoplast fusion to artificially create novel dikaryons, with tailored mycelial materials properties for applications in textiles, coatings, and mycoremediation.
真菌菌丝体以其坚固的纤维结构而闻名,作为传统塑料和纺织品的可持续替代品而受到广泛关注。菌株优化提供了通过系统地选择具有理想机械和物理化学特性的特定表型来改善这些菌丝材料的机会。裂鳃菇(Schizophyllum commune)是一种常见的裂鳃菇,具有23 000多种交配类型和丰富的遗传多样性。在本研究中,该物种被用作模型,探索利用物种内的自然遗传变异来开发具有不同特性的真菌菌丝材料的潜力。具体来说,我们选择了4个来自全球的单核菌株,通过交配得到了12个具有独特的核和线粒体脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)组合的双核后代。对这16株菌株在固体和液体培养基中的生长情况进行了评估。从液体培养基中提取的菌丝被进一步处理,包括用两种不同的交联剂,聚乙二醇400和甘油连接,形成菌丝膜。力学测试和表面表征表明,菌丝膜在保水性、强度、延展性、形态和疏水性等特征上存在很大差异。此外,傅里叶变换红外光谱显示,不同菌株具有独特的化学指纹图谱,揭示了不同细胞壁成分与每种交联剂的独特界面。统计分析表明,除了极具影响力的交联效应外,核-线粒体基因型相互作用是调节这些材料性能的关键因素。真菌材料的两层可调性指出了遗传优化菌株的新潜力,例如通过原生质体将双核体中的细胞核分离为单核体,通过新的核-线粒体组合和/或原生质体融合人工创造新的双核体,具有定制的菌丝材料特性,可用于纺织品,涂料和微修复。
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引用次数: 0
Non-invasive, non-enzymatic, non-serodiagnostic, and home-detecting paper-based “abnormal UA alarm” for early diagnosis of UA associated diseases 无创、无酶、无血清诊断和家庭检测纸质“异常UA报警”早期诊断UA相关疾病
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.06.002
Qian Zhang , Hui’e Jiang , Zhijian Li , Lijuan Chen , Fengqian Yang , Jiamin Zhang , Bo Zhang , Xinhua Liu
Uric acid (UA) level is a pivotal clinical human-health biomarker providing predictive feedback for multitudinous well-known kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome diseases. Off-the-shelf UA detection methods clinically rely on uricase suffer from limitations such as high costs, longstanding result acquisition, circumscribed testing locations, rigorous expertise requirements, and difficulty in home-detecting due to serum testing systems. Here, inspired by the pH-paper, a scaleable, rapid, non-invasive/-enzymatic/-serodiagnostic, and home-detecting “abnormal UA alarm” platform for UA detection in saliva was developed by strategically integrating the proposed paper-based fluorescent sensing-materials (NIFP-SM) with a user-orientated intelligent red-green-blue (RGB) analysis device. Therefore, NIFP-SM is nano-engineered through straightforward interfacial interactions of functional building blocks of on-demand naphthyl imide-derived fluorescent self-assembled micro-particles (NIFS) with lamellar structure and commercially-used filter paper. The NIFS possesses dominantly wide detection range (0–5 000 µmol/L) and high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.91 µmol/L). Surprisingly, NIFS exhibited outstanding identifiability for uric acid even in the presence of 34 interferents, substantiating accurate detection-capability in intricate environments. Thus NIFP-SM equipped with NIFS resoundingly achieved efficient, rapid, and on-site visual detection of UA in saliva, urine-simulants, and foods. Further, the NIFP-SM-based automatic analysis platform integrated with an intelligent RGB analysis device was manufactured and enabled accurate quantitative, low-cost, non-invasive/-enzymatic/-serodiagnostic, rapid, home-detecting for UA, eliminating the need for costly equipment and specialized personnel and thereby facilitating early-warning detection of abnormal UA-levels associated diseases.
尿酸(UA)水平是一种关键的临床人类健康生物标志物,为许多众所周知的肾脏、心血管和代谢综合征疾病提供预测反馈。临床上依赖于尿酸酶的现成UA检测方法存在成本高、结果获取时间长、检测地点受限、专业知识要求严格以及由于血清检测系统而难以在家庭检测等局限性。在这里,受ph论文的启发,通过将所提出的基于纸张的荧光传感材料(NIFP-SM)与面向用户的智能红绿蓝(RGB)分析设备战略性地集成在一起,开发了一种可扩展、快速、无创/酶促/血清诊断和家庭检测的唾液UA检测“异常UA报警”平台。因此,NIFP-SM是通过按需萘酰亚胺衍生的荧光自组装微颗粒(NIFS)的功能构建块与层状结构和商用滤纸的直接界面相互作用进行纳米工程的。NIFS检测范围宽(0 ~ 5 000µmol/L),灵敏度高(检出限0.91µmol/L)。令人惊讶的是,即使在34种干扰物存在的情况下,NIFS对尿酸也表现出了出色的可识别性,证实了在复杂环境下的准确检测能力。因此,配备NIFS的NIFP-SM能够高效、快速、现场可视化地检测唾液、尿液模拟物和食物中的UA。此外,基于nifp - sm的自动分析平台集成了智能RGB分析设备,实现了准确定量、低成本、无创/酶/血清诊断、快速、家庭检测UA,消除了对昂贵设备和专业人员的需求,从而促进了异常UA水平相关疾病的早期预警检测。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Remediation and resource utilization of Cr(Ⅲ), Al(Ⅲ) and Zr(Ⅳ)-containing tannery effluent based on chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose aerogel” [Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts, 10 (2025) 77-91] “壳聚糖-羧甲基纤维素气凝胶对含Cr(Ⅲ)、Al(Ⅲ)和Zr(Ⅳ)制革废水的修复和资源化利用”的更正[生物资源与生物制品学报,10 (2025)77-91]
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.07.004
Shuang Liang , Xuechuan Wang , Chao Wei , Long Xie , Zhongming Song , Xugang Dang
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引用次数: 0
Lateral resistance performance of wood-frame shear walls with wooden nail connections: Experimental and finite element analysis 木钉连接木结构剪力墙的抗侧移性能:试验与有限元分析
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.04.002
Shuo Wang , Jingkang Lin , Suwan Dong , Zhiyuan Chen , Fanxu Kong , Panpan Ma , Feibin Wang , Zeli Que
Modern architecture and engineering increasingly favor timber structures due to their sustainability. Wooden nails, as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional metal connectors, offer promising potential for widespread adoption. This study analyzed the influence of various parameters on the shear performance of wooden nail connections through monotonic loading tests. Key factors examined included sheathing panel material (oriented strand board (OSB) and structural plywood (SP)), thickness (9.5 and 12 mm), as well as nail diameter (3.7 and 4.7 mm), spacing (50 and 100 mm), and cap configuration (with/without caps) on the mechanical behavior of the joints. Analyzing load-displacement curves and mechanical parameters (ultimate load, stiffness, ductility) reveals several key findings: nail cap design has minimal impact on shear performance compared to other factors; joints with SP sheathing panel material show significantly higher shear-bearing capacity than those with OSB. Stiffness and ductility vary across specimen groups, with group O9–4.7 (denoting OSB sheathing, 9.5 mm thickness, and 4.7 mm nail diameter) having the highest stiffness (1 332 N/mm) and group O12–4.7 (OSB sheathing, 12 mm thickness, and 4.7 mm nail diameter) showing superior ductility (3.47). Additionally, a comprehensive finite element (FE) simulation of full-size wood-frame shear walls using OpenSees software provides insights into the influence of sheathing panel form, material properties, and thickness on lateral resistance performance.
由于其可持续性,现代建筑和工程越来越青睐木结构。木钉作为传统金属连接器的环保替代品,具有广泛应用的潜力。通过单调加载试验,分析了各参数对木钉连接抗剪性能的影响。检查的关键因素包括护套板材料(定向刨花板(OSB)和结构胶合板(SP)),厚度(9.5和12毫米),以及钉直径(3.7和4.7毫米),间距(50和100毫米),以及接头机械性能的帽配置(带/不带帽)。分析荷载-位移曲线和力学参数(极限荷载、刚度、延性)揭示了几个关键发现:与其他因素相比,钉帽设计对抗剪性能的影响最小;SP护墙板接缝的抗剪承载力显著高于OSB护墙板接缝。不同试样组的刚度和延性不同,其中O9-4.7组(OSB护套,厚度9.5 mm,钉径4.7 mm)的刚度最高(1 332 N/mm), O12-4.7组(OSB护套,厚度12 mm,钉径4.7 mm)的延性较好(3.47)。此外,使用OpenSees软件对全尺寸木结构剪力墙进行了全面的有限元(FE)模拟,从而深入了解护墙板形式、材料特性和厚度对侧抗性能的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Cellulose-based suture: State of art, challenge, and future outlook 纤维素基缝线:现状、挑战和未来展望
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.11.006
Meiyan Wu , Lei Ding , Xiaoying Bai , Yuxiang Cao , Mehdi Rahmaninia , Bing Li , Bin Li
Surgical sutures as the most widely used and high-value implanted materials are of vital importance in wound closure and healing. Among them, cellulose-based sutures with multifunctionality have been developed in recent decades, and are very promising to replace the fossil-based synthetic sutures. Therefore, this paper aims at covering the history and recent advances of cellulose-based suture, mainly including the materials used (e.g., natural cellulose, nanocellulose, and regenerated cellulose), fabrication methods and mechanism of wet spinning and the recently developed interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation spinning, as well as suture application performance (such as mechanical properties, cytocompatibility, biodegradability, absorbable properties, and antibacterial properties). More importantly, it summarizes all cellulose-based sutures, and then delves deep into the challenges and future outlook. Thus, this review provides an important reference for the development of high-end cellulose-based medical sutures.
外科缝合线作为应用最广泛、价值最高的植入材料,在创面闭合和愈合中起着至关重要的作用。其中,纤维素基多功能缝合线是近几十年来发展起来的,很有希望取代化石基合成缝合线。因此,本文旨在介绍纤维素基缝线的历史和最新进展,主要包括使用的材料(如天然纤维素、纳米纤维素和再生纤维素)、湿纺丝的制备方法和机理以及最近发展的界面聚电解质络合纺丝,以及缝线的应用性能(如机械性能、细胞相容性、生物降解性、可吸收性和抗菌性能)。更重要的是,它总结了所有基于纤维素的缝合线,然后深入研究挑战和未来展望。因此,本文综述为开发高端纤维素基医用缝合线提供了重要参考。
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引用次数: 0
High-value utilization of agricultural residues based on component characteristics: Potentiality and challenges 基于组分特征的农业残留物高价值利用:潜力与挑战
IF 13 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.002
Rui Xu , Jingwen Chen , Nina Yan , Bingqian Xu , Zhichao Lou , Lei Xu
Agricultural residues (ARs) mainly consist of lignocellulose materials, such as crop straws and by-products from agricultural processing, with a global annual output exceeding 1.9 billion tons. Currently, effective waste management and resource utilization have garnered significant attention. Over the past decades, the results of numerous studies have shown that the use of ARs to produce organic fertilizers, biofuels, and new bio-based materials is an effective strategy for mitigating the global energy crisis and environmental degradation. Pretreatment technology has become a major focus of value-added transformation due to the heterogeneity and complexity of AR. However, most studies mainly concentrated on innovations in pretreatment technology and product quality, with few systematically addressing the comprehensive framework that encompasses composition analysis, pretreatment, transformation path, and energy assessment. This paper reviews the value-added conversion system of AR and analyzes its composition characteristics and pretreatment technologies. It provides a forward-looking perspective and an overview of technological advancement in diverse value-added pathways, such as physical utilization, thermochemical conversion, and biological fermentation. Additionally, it comprehensively evaluates energy consumption and environmental impacts across different conversion methods, addressing a significant gap in systematic evaluation in this field. This study identified key research trends by analyzing 8 641 high-quality articles using VOSviewer software based on Web of Science data from the past decade. The focus has progressively shifted from pretreatment technologies, including “steam explosion”, “microwave” and “enzymatic hydrolysis” to primary products, such as “bioethanol” and “biogas” toward evaluating higher echelon of economic and environmental benefit, including “circular economy”, “carbon emission” and “sustainability”. In addition, this review directly addresses current research challenges, such as technical limitations, cost-benefit analysis, and standardization of environmental impact assessment. It also offers constructive suggestions for future research to enhance the efficiency, environmental friendliness, and sustainability of the value-added transformation of AR.
农业残留物(ARs)主要由木质纤维素材料组成,如农作物秸秆和农业加工副产品,全球年产量超过19亿吨。目前,有效的废物管理和资源利用已引起人们的高度重视。在过去的几十年里,大量的研究结果表明,利用农业生产有机肥料、生物燃料和新的生物基材料是缓解全球能源危机和环境恶化的有效策略。由于AR的异质性和复杂性,预处理技术已成为增值转型的主要焦点,但大多数研究主要集中在预处理技术和产品质量方面的创新,很少有系统地解决包含成分分析、预处理、转化路径和能量评估的综合框架。综述了AR的增值转化体系,分析了其组成特点和预处理技术。它提供了一个前瞻性的观点和技术进步的不同增值途径,如物理利用,热化学转化和生物发酵的概述。此外,本文还对不同转换方式的能耗和环境影响进行了综合评价,解决了该领域系统评价的重大空白。本研究基于Web of Science近10年的数据,利用VOSviewer软件对8 641篇高质量论文进行分析,确定了关键的研究趋势。重点已逐步从“蒸汽爆破”、“微波”、“酶解”等预处理技术到“生物乙醇”、“沼气”等初级产品,转向“循环经济”、“碳排放”、“可持续性”等更高层次的经济和环境效益评价。此外,本文还直接讨论了当前的研究挑战,如技术限制、成本效益分析和环境影响评估的标准化。为未来的研究提供建设性的建议,以提高AR增值转型的效率、环境友好性和可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
Eco‐friendly innovation: Industrial‐scale all‐natural bamboo drinking straw inspired by bamboo's flexibility and toughness 环保创新:工业规模的纯天然竹吸管,灵感来自竹子的柔韧性和韧性
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.03.002
Yu Luan , Yuting Yang , Qin Su , Jianchang Lian , Huanrong Liu , Fengbo Sun , Xinxin Ma , Hu Miao , Changhua Fang
Disposable plastic straws are small, lightweight, and non-degradable, making them rarely recycled and causing severe environmental pollution. However, the search for suitable alternatives, balancing high performance with low cost, poses a substantial challenge. Inspired by bamboo's flexibility and toughness, this study proposed an innovative solution: a biodegradable drinking straw fabricated by winding ultra-thin bamboo slices. The specially prepared bamboo slices demonstrated high tensile strength, exceptional flexibility for bending, and the ability to withstand repeated torsion. To address natural issues of color-producing group migration and mold susceptibility, the bamboo slices underwent simultaneous soaking and ultrasonic treatment. The resulting bamboo straws exhibited remarkable properties with compressive strength of 16.42–19.01 MPa and bending strength of 14.21–15.02 MPa, which matched or exceeded those of commercial paper straws and were significantly higher than those of polypropylene (PP) and polylactic acid (PLA) straws. When exposed to various beverages, bamboo straws retained their structural integrity, absorbed significantly less water than paper straws, and the wet strength was 4.36 times greater than that of paper straws. Moreover, bamboo drinking straws exhibited low production costs and garnered widespread consumer approval. The strategy for industrial-scale production of bamboo straws offers significant potential for replacing plastic straws.
一次性塑料吸管体积小,重量轻,不可降解,很少被回收利用,造成严重的环境污染。然而,寻找合适的替代品,平衡高性能和低成本,是一个巨大的挑战。受竹子的柔韧性和韧性的启发,本研究提出了一种创新的解决方案:通过缠绕超薄竹片制成可生物降解的饮用吸管。特别制备的竹片具有较高的拉伸强度,特殊的弯曲柔韧性和承受反复扭转的能力。为了解决变色群迁移和霉菌敏感性的自然问题,对竹片进行了浸泡和超声波处理。所制得的竹吸管抗压强度为16.42 ~ 19.01 MPa,抗弯强度为14.21 ~ 15.02 MPa,达到或超过商品纸吸管,显著高于聚丙烯(PP)和聚乳酸(PLA)吸管。竹吸管在接触各种饮料时,保持了结构的完整性,吸水率明显低于纸吸管,湿强度是纸吸管的4.36倍。此外,竹吸管生产成本低,得到了消费者的广泛认可。工业规模生产竹吸管的战略为取代塑料吸管提供了巨大的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Pushing temperature boundaries in wood-plastic composites’ manufacturing by transdisciplinary paradigm shift: Novel functionalities, higher resource efficiency, and extended application range 通过跨学科范式转变推动木塑复合材料制造的温度界限:新颖的功能,更高的资源效率和更广泛的应用范围
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.03.003
Aleksander Hejna, Mateusz Barczewski
Wood-plastic composites (WPCs) combine the advantages of plastics and lumber, however, their progress is slowed by limitations resulting from the properties of plant-based materials (PBMs), the most critical of which is insufficient thermal stability. The temperature boundary for processing of WPCs is 200 °C, as higher temperatures induce PBMs’ degradation, yielding odor, uncontrolled darkening, porosity generation, and loss of WPCs’ mechanical performance. Going beyond the framework of composites’ science and taking a transdisciplinary look at processing degradation leads to very different conclusions. The food sector makes the best of PBMs’ degradation, yielding not only indispensable feed but often works of art. Drawing from its experience with the desire to go beyond the state-of-the-art, WPCs need a paradigm shift considering processing degradation. The presented paper proposes the pathway against the flow. Instead of avoiding processing degradation, deliberately inducing and employing it with all the benefits, pushing WPCs toward sustainability by maximizing resource efficiency. Exceeding the temperature limit will enable the use of engineering plastics, which outperform commodity types. Considering PBMs, it will not only unleash the true potential of phytochemicals but also take advantage of the compounds yet to be generated in situ during processing degradation, enriching WPCs with benefits known from the food sector.
木塑复合材料(wpc)结合了塑料和木材的优点,然而,由于植物基材料(PBMs)的特性限制,其进展缓慢,其中最关键的是热稳定性不足。wpc加工的温度边界为200℃,因为较高的温度会导致PBMs降解,产生异味、不受控制的变黑、产生孔隙,以及wpc机械性能的损失。超越复合材料科学的框架,对加工降解进行跨学科的研究,会得出截然不同的结论。食品部门充分利用了PBMs的退化,不仅生产了必不可少的饲料,而且往往是艺术品。从其渴望超越最先进技术的经验中,wpc需要考虑到加工退化的范式转变。本文提出了逆流路径。而不是避免加工退化,故意诱导和利用它的所有好处,推动WPCs向可持续发展,最大限度地提高资源效率。超过温度限制将使工程塑料的使用优于商品类型。考虑到pbm,它不仅将释放植物化学物质的真正潜力,而且还将利用加工降解过程中尚未在原位产生的化合物,使wpc具有食品部门已知的好处。
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引用次数: 0
Cyanobacteria: Photosynthetic cell factories for biofuel production 蓝藻:用于生物燃料生产的光合细胞工厂
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.10.001
Bharat Kumar Majhi
Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic prokaryotes that perform oxygenic photosynthesis through photo oxidation of water. They have been widely used as model organisms for studying photosynthesis. In recent decades, photosynthetic organisms, including cyanobacteria, have been chosen as potential hosts for biofuel production due to their remarkable ability to convert carbon dioxide into biofuel without the input of an external energy source. Biofuel, an excellent substitute for fossil fuels, have received a lot of attention due to their eco-friendly properties. Cyanobacteria have emerged as one of the leading potential candidates for biofuel production due to their superior growth rate over other photosynthetic organisms employed in biofuel production and the presence of a significant amount of lipids (over 50% of dry cell weight) in the cells. Furthermore, they have higher photosynthetic efficiency, especially in CO2-rich environments, making them more desirable. In addition, their inherent ability to uptake exogenous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in conjunction with homologous recombination makes them ideal candidates for transformation into photosynthetic cell factories to produce biofuels. The genetic and metabolic modifications have successfully enabled biofuel production in cyanobacteria; however, major challenges such as energy-intensive downstream processing, low yield, slow growth, and cytotoxicity are impeding its scale-up. This review discusses the production of various types of biofuels in cyanobacteria, as well as the current state of global biofuel production. It also emphasizes the major challenges in biofuel production and strategies for overcoming them.
蓝藻是光自养的原核生物,通过水的光氧化进行含氧光合作用。它们已被广泛用作研究光合作用的模式生物。近几十年来,包括蓝藻在内的光合生物被选为生物燃料生产的潜在宿主,因为它们具有在没有外部能源输入的情况下将二氧化碳转化为生物燃料的卓越能力。生物燃料作为化石燃料的极好替代品,因其环保特性而备受关注。蓝藻已成为生物燃料生产的主要潜在候选者之一,因为它们比生物燃料生产中使用的其他光合生物具有更高的生长速度,并且细胞中存在大量脂质(超过干细胞重量的50%)。此外,它们具有更高的光合效率,特别是在富含二氧化碳的环境中,这使它们更受欢迎。此外,它们固有的吸收外源脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)并结合同源重组的能力使它们成为转化为光合细胞工厂以生产生物燃料的理想候选者。基因和代谢修饰已经成功地使生物燃料生产的蓝藻;然而,能源密集型下游加工、低产量、生长缓慢和细胞毒性等主要挑战阻碍了其规模扩大。本文综述了在蓝藻中生产各种类型的生物燃料,以及目前全球生物燃料生产的现状。它还强调了生物燃料生产的主要挑战和克服这些挑战的战略。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced performance and reprocessability in polypropylene-lignin blends through plasma treatment 等离子体处理提高聚丙烯-木质素共混物的性能和可再加工性
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2025.01.003
Emanuela Bellinetto , Sofia Regoli , Ruggero Barni , Carmen Canevali , Oussama Boumezgane , Luca Zoia , Claudia Riccardi , Stefano Turri , Gianmarco Griffini
In this work, a new compatibilization strategy for polypropylene-lignin blends was presented, which did not rely on the use of solvents or other chemicals. Soda lignin was subjected to plasma treatment in an argon atmosphere employing a gliding-arc-tornado reactor configuration. The effect of this process was evaluated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis, evidencing significant chemical-structural modifications in lignin, including an increased concentration of phenoxy radicals (60%) and depletion of hydroxyl functionalities (35%). Polypropylene-lignin blends incorporating 5% (w/w), 10% (w/w), and 20% (w/w) of either pristine or plasma-treated lignin were then prepared by melt-blending in a twin-screw extruder, and their thermo-mechanical and rheological properties were investigated in detail. As a result of the plasma-induced modifications occurred in lignin, blends incorporating the plasma-treated material exhibited greater thermo-oxidative stability, more favorable viscoelastic response, significantly improved mechanical performance (137% and 294% strain at break for polypropylene (PP) containing 5% (w/w) and 10% (w/w) of treated lignin, respectively), and enhanced thermo-mechanical reprocessability (> 95% retention of yield strength and strain at break after re-extrusion). This work provided the first demonstration of the effectiveness of plasma treatment as a viable and sustainable strategy to improve filler-matrix interactions in polypropylene-lignin blends without the use of solvents, chemical compatibilizers or additional wet-chemistry steps, paving the way for the development of lignin-based thermoplastic polyolefin materials with enhanced thermo-mechanical characteristics and improved reprocessability.
本文提出了一种新的聚丙烯-木质素共混物增容策略,该策略不依赖于溶剂或其他化学品的使用。采用滑弧-龙卷风反应器结构,在氩气气氛中对碱木质素进行等离子体处理。利用电子顺磁共振波谱、核磁共振波谱、差示扫描量热法和热重分析对这一过程的影响进行了评估,证明木质素中的化学结构发生了重大变化,包括苯氧自由基浓度增加(60%)和羟基官能团的消耗(35%)。然后在双螺杆挤出机中通过熔融共混制备了含有5% (w/w), 10% (w/w)和20% (w/w)原始木质素或等离子体处理木质素的聚丙烯-木质素共混物,并详细研究了它们的热力学和流变性能。由于等离子体诱导木质素发生了修饰,含有等离子体处理材料的共混物表现出更好的热氧化稳定性,更有利的粘弹性响应,显著改善了机械性能(聚丙烯(PP)分别含有5% (w/w)和10% (w/w)处理木质素的断裂应变分别为137%和294%),并增强了热机械再加工性(>;再挤压后的屈服强度和断裂应变保持率为95%)。这项工作首次证明了等离子体处理作为一种可行和可持续的策略的有效性,可以在不使用溶剂、化学增容剂或额外的湿化学步骤的情况下改善聚丙烯-木质素共混物中的填料-基质相互作用,为木质素基热塑性聚烯烃材料的开发铺平了道路,这些材料具有增强的热机械特性和改进的可再加工性。
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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
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