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Bacterial cellulose cookbook: A systematic review on sustainable and cost-effective substrates 细菌纤维素食谱:关于可持续和具有成本效益的基质的系统综述
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.05.003
Luis Quijano , Raquel Rodrigues , Dagmar Fischer , Jorge David Tovar-Castro , Alice Payne , Laura Navone , Yating Hu , Hao Yan , Phitsanu Pinmanee , Edgar Poon , Jinghe Yang , Eve Barro
Bacterial cellulose is a versatile material with applications in many industries. However, the widespread uptake of bacterial cellulose faces challenges including high production costs and lack of scalability. One approach to address these obstacles is the use of alternative substrates and media, compared to the Hestrin–Schramm (HS) media. By evaluating and selecting appropriate media and substrates, the production of bacterial cellulose can be more efficient: enabling sustainable systems and supply chains where less energy and materials are lost, and the output production is increased. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current landscape of bacterial cellulose alternative media and substrates (ingredients). Through a systematic review of 198 papers, this review identifies 299 alternative substrates from 12 industries and 101 bacterial cellulose-producing strains, which were systematically compared. This review also finds that there are methodological gaps in this field such as data variability, papers mislabelling the HS media or not using a comparison media, and a lack of strain names. This alternative substrate analysis for bacterial cellulose production demonstrates that overall, for some applications alternative substrates can be taken into consideration that are not only cheaper, but also produce higher yields than HS media.
细菌纤维素是一种多功能材料,可应用于许多行业。然而,细菌纤维素的广泛应用面临着生产成本高和缺乏可扩展性等挑战。与 Hestrin-Schramm (HS) 培养基相比,解决这些障碍的方法之一是使用替代基质和培养基。通过评估和选择合适的培养基和基质,可以提高细菌纤维素的生产效率:实现可持续系统和供应链,减少能源和材料损失,提高产量。本文旨在分析细菌纤维素替代培养基和基质(成分)的现状。通过对 198 篇论文的系统综述,本综述确定了来自 12 个行业的 299 种替代基质和 101 种生产纤维素的细菌菌株,并对这些菌株进行了系统比较。本综述还发现,该领域存在方法上的不足,如数据多变、论文错误标注 HS 培养基或未使用对比培养基,以及缺乏菌株名称。对细菌纤维素生产的替代底物分析表明,总体而言,在某些应用中可以考虑使用替代底物,这些底物不仅比 HS 培养基便宜,而且产量也更高。
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引用次数: 0
Cellulose-MXene composites: New platforms with outstanding multifunctional characteristics 纤维素-二甲苯复合材料:具有卓越多功能特性的新平台
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.05.002
Farzad Seidi , Wensi Jiang , Zhaochuan Yu , Chao Deng
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引用次数: 0
Chestnut tannin: New use, research and bioeconomy 栗木单宁:新用途、研究和生物经济
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.05.001
Rosaria Ciriminna , Francesco Meneguzzo , Giovanna Li Petri , Cosimo Meneguzzo , Giuseppe Angellotti , Mario Pagliaro

Chestnut tannin, extracted from the bark or wood of chestnut trees, possesses unique properties that make it valuable in various industries. It serves as a natural source of tannins, which are widely used in the production of leather, textiles, and wood preservation. As research continues to explore its potential applications, chestnut tannin remains a promising resource with diverse industrial uses. Highlighting new use, research and bioeconomy aspects, this study provides a unified perspective on chestnut tannin. New advanced applications will likely emerge shortly.

从栗树树皮或木材中提取的栗木单宁具有独特的性质,因此在各行各业中都很有价值。它是单宁的天然来源,广泛用于皮革、纺织品和木材防腐的生产。随着研究人员不断探索其潜在用途,栗木单宁仍然是一种具有多种工业用途的前景广阔的资源。本研究强调了新用途、研究和生物经济等方面,为栗木单宁提供了一个统一的视角。新的先进应用可能很快就会出现。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the mechanism and law of temperature, humidity and moisture content on the mechanical properties of molded fiber products 温度、湿度和水分含量对模塑纤维制品机械性能的影响机理和规律研究
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.04.003
Zhiqiang Fu , Tong Zhao , Hu Wang , Jingyi Wei , Haozhe Liu , Liying Duan , Yan Wang , Ruixiang Yan

The change of temperature, humidity and moisture content (MC) will lead to the change of mechanical properties of molded fiber products (MFP). However, it is difficult to decouple the effects of temperature, humidity and MC on the mechanical properties of MFP, and predict the mechanical properties of MFP during the use. In this study, the laws and mechanism of mechanical properties of MFP with ambient temperature, humidity and MC were studied. The results showed that the direct effect of temperature (20−70 °C) on mechanical properties of MFP was insignificant, and the mechanical properties of MFP were mainly changed by MC. The MC was related to ambient temperature and humidity, and the relationship between the three could be described by the modified Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model (20−70 °C and 30 %–90 % relative humidity). With the increase of MC, the elastic modulus and fracture strain was increased and decreased linearly, the yield strength and failure strength were presented GaussAmp laws, and the failure strain was presented asymptotic regressed distribution law. Two fracture modes of MFP, brittle fracture and ductile fracture, were revealed by the scanning electron microscopy of the mesoscopic fiber structure of sugarcane bagasse molded fiber products. The mathematical models and the changes of fiber structure were verified by wheat straw molded fiber products and waste paper molded fiber products. This study was contributed to understand the effects and mechanism of the change of temperature, humidity and MC on the mechanical properties of MFP.

温度、湿度和含水量(MC)的变化会导致模塑纤维制品(MFP)机械性能的变化。然而,很难将温度、湿度和 MC 对模塑纤维制品机械性能的影响解耦,也很难预测模塑纤维制品在使用过程中的机械性能。本研究研究了多功能纤维板的力学性能随环境温度、湿度和 MC 变化的规律和机理。结果表明,温度(20-70 °C)对多功能食品膜机械性能的直接影响不明显,多功能食品膜的机械性能主要受 MC 的影响。MC 与环境温度和湿度有关,三者之间的关系可以用改进的 Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer(GAB)模型(20-70 °C,30 %-90 % 相对湿度)来描述。随着 MC 的增加,弹性模量和断裂应变呈线性增加和减少,屈服强度和破坏强度呈高斯-安普(Gauss-Amp)定律,破坏应变呈渐近回归分布定律。通过扫描电镜观察甘蔗渣模塑纤维制品的中观纤维结构,揭示了模塑纤维制品的两种断裂模式:脆性断裂和韧性断裂。小麦秸秆模塑纤维制品和废纸模塑纤维制品验证了数学模型和纤维结构的变化。这项研究有助于了解温度、湿度和 MC 的变化对 MFP 机械性能的影响和机理。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating mechanism of banana pseudo-stem retting using seawater: A cost-effective surface pre-treatment approach 利用海水评估香蕉假茎回缩机理:具有成本效益的表面预处理方法
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.04.002
Prince Hotor , Ahmed H. Hassanin , Osbert Akatwijuka , Mohamed A.H. Gepreel , Mitsuo Yamamoto , Yukie Saito , Ahmed Abdel-Mawgood

Retting has been employed to extract natural fibers from agricultural wastes as a biological and cost-effective approach for centuries. With its global abundance, banana pseudo-stem is a promising agro-waste for lignocellulosic fiber extraction. In this study, fibers were extracted from the pseudo-stems after being pre-treated under four conditions using seawater at room temperature for up to 35 d Bacterial isolation from the fresh seawater sample and screening for ligninolytic ability were conducted. Bacterial load as well as laccase and manganese peroxidase enzyme activity profile assay during the retting duration were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-day diffraction (XRD) analyses were also examined for both pre-treated and untreated extracted fibers. The results shows that six out of the eight bacterial isolates had the ability to degrade lignin. The treatments (Raw stem + Raw seawater) and (Autoclaved stem + Raw seawater) recorded the highest viable bacterial load of 9.24 × 102 and 4.46 × 102 CFU, respectively, on the 14th day of the retting process. Additionally, the highest laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes activity was recorded for (Raw stem + Raw seawater) and (Autoclaved stem + Raw seawater) treatments in the second to the third week. The FT-IR spectra of the pre-treated fibers revealed relative reductions in peaks attributed to polysaccharides and other amorphous substances for all retting conditions. The XRD diffractogram revealed that the crystallinity index (CI) of pre-treated fibers increased in all seawater retting treatment conditions. However, the CI for fibers pre-treated under enzymatic conditions were enhanced even after five weeks. Sequence analysis for selected bacterial isolates showed homology to sequences of Bacillus velezensis, Shewanella sp. L8–5, and Citrobacter amalonaticus and Bacillus subtilis j8 strain. From these findings, it was suggested that physical, biological, and chemical actions were collectively involved in the seawater retting process of banana pseudo-stems.

几个世纪以来,人们一直采用 Retting 方法从农业废弃物中提取天然纤维,这是一种生物方法,而且成本效益高。香蕉假茎在全球都很丰富,是一种很有前景的提取木质纤维素纤维的农业废弃物。在本研究中,在四种条件下使用海水在室温下预处理长达 35 d 后,从假茎中提取了纤维。分析了翻新过程中的细菌数量以及漆酶和锰过氧化物酶的活性。此外,还对预处理和未处理的提取纤维进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和 X 射线衍射(XRD)分析。结果表明,八种细菌分离物中有六种具有降解木质素的能力。在浸提过程的第 14 天,处理(生茎+生海水)和处理(高压灭菌茎+生海水)记录到的最高存活细菌量分别为 9.24 × 102 和 4.46 × 102 CFU。此外,在第二周至第三周,(生茎+生海水)和(高压灭菌茎+生海水)处理的漆酶和锰过氧化物酶活性最高。预处理纤维的傅立叶变换红外光谱显示,在所有浸提条件下,多糖和其他无定形物质的峰值都相对减少。XRD 衍射图显示,在所有海水退火处理条件下,预处理纤维的结晶度指数(CI)都有所增加。不过,在酶解条件下预处理的纤维的结晶度指数甚至在五周之后都有所提高。对所选细菌分离物进行的序列分析表明,它们与 Velezensis 杆菌、Shewanella sp.L8-5、Citrobacter amalonaticus 和 Bacillus subtilis j8 菌株的序列具有同源性。这些发现表明,物理、生物和化学作用共同参与了香蕉假茎的海水腐熟过程。
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引用次数: 0
Constructing osteo-inductive bio-ink for 3D printing through hybridization of gelatin with maleic acid modified bacterial cellulose by regulating addition volumes of maleic acid solution 通过调节马来酸溶液的添加量,使明胶与马来酸改性细菌纤维素杂交,构建用于 3D 打印的骨诱导生物墨水
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.04.001
Xucai Wang , Dengxian Wu , Wei Liao , Yaxuan Liu , Wenhui Pei , Jixian Wang , Jiayu Gu , Peng Wang , Kai Lan , Caoxing Huang

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an exopolysaccharide with unique properties that has been applied in various fields. However, the dense and intertwined nature of BC fibers limits its use in certain applications, including 3D printing scaffolds for bone regeneration. In this work, a controllable BC-based bio-ink for 3D printing was successfully prepared by modifying the neat BC through maleic acid (MA) treatment, aiming to promote bone tissue regeneration. To achieve homogeneous BC dispersions while preserving its crystalline and chemical properties, BC was modified by MA solution (60 %, w/V) with solid-liquid ratio from 1꞉5 to 1꞉50 (w/V) to obtain MA-BC dispersions. The analysis results from microstructure, chemical group, crystallinity, and wettability indicated that the BC/MA solution with ratio of 1꞉30 demonstrated the best pre-treatment performance to obtain MA-BC. Subsequently, by combining MA-BC with gelatin, we successfully formulated MA-BC-GEL gels with favorable rheological properties and compression modulus, which can be used as promising bio-inks for 3D bioprinting applications. In vitro tests demonstrated 1꞉30 MA-BC possessed excellent biocompatibility, a significant ability to express the alkaline phosphatase gene and osteogenic-related genes, and facilitated the formation of mineralized nodules. The utilization of this novel bio-ink in scaffold preparation for bone regeneration highlights the promising application of modified BC in bone tissue engineering field.

细菌纤维素(BC)是一种具有独特性质的外多糖,已被应用于多个领域。然而,BC 纤维的致密性和交织性限制了其在某些应用中的使用,包括用于骨再生的三维打印支架。在这项工作中,通过马来酸(MA)处理对纯净 BC 进行改性,成功制备了一种用于 3D 打印的可控 BC 生物墨水,旨在促进骨组织再生。为了在保留 BC 晶体和化学特性的同时使其分散均匀,采用固液比为 1꞉5 至 1꞉50 (w/V) 的马来酸溶液(60%,w/V)对 BC 进行改性,得到 MA-BC 分散体。从微观结构、化学基团、结晶度和润湿性等方面的分析结果表明,固液比为 1꞉30 的 BC/MA 溶液在获得 MA-BC 的预处理方面表现最佳。随后,通过将 MA-BC 与明胶结合,我们成功地配制出了具有良好流变特性和压缩模量的 MA-BC-GEL 凝胶,可作为有前景的生物墨水用于三维生物打印应用。体外测试表明,1꞉30 MA-BC 具有良好的生物相容性,能显著表达碱性磷酸酶基因和成骨相关基因,并能促进矿化结节的形成。利用这种新型生物墨水制备骨再生支架,凸显了改性 BC 在骨组织工程领域的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Bacterial nanocellulose assembly into super-strong and humidity-responsive macrofibers 细菌纳米纤维素组装成超强耐湿大纤维
IF 20.2 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.03.005
Yadong Zhao , Zheng Yang , Rusen Zhou , Bin Zheng , Meiling Chen , Fei Liu , Wenhua Miao , Renwu Zhou , Patrick Cullen , Zhenhai Xia , Liming Dai , Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Cellulose macrofibers (MFs) are gaining increasing interest as natural and biodegradable alternatives to fossil-derived polymers for both structural and functional applications. However, simultaneously achieving their exceptional mechanical performance and desired functionality is challenging and requires complex processing. Here, we reported a one-step approach using a tension-assisted twisting (TAT) technique for MF fabrication from bacterial cellulose (BC). The TAT stretches and aligns BC nanofibers pre-arranged in hydrogel tubes to form MFs with compactly assembled structures and enhanced hydrogen bonding among neighboring nanofibers. The as-prepared BC MFs exhibited a very high tensile strength of 1 057 MPa and exceptional lifting capacity (over 340 000 when normalized by their own weight). Moreover, due to the volume expansion of BC nanofibers upon water exposure, BC MFs quickly harvested energy from environmental moisture to untwist the bundled networks, thus generating a torsional spinning with a peak rotation speed of 884 r/(min·m). The demonstrated rapid and intense actuation response makes the MFs ideal candidates for diverse humidity-response-based applications beyond advanced actuators, remote rain indicators, intelligent switches, and smart curtains.

纤维素大纤维(MFs)作为化石衍生聚合物的天然可生物降解替代品,在结构和功能应用领域正受到越来越多的关注。然而,要同时实现纤维素大纤维的优异机械性能和所需功能是一项挑战,需要复杂的加工工艺。在此,我们报告了一种使用张力辅助扭转(TAT)技术一步法利用细菌纤维素(BC)制造 MF 的方法。TAT 拉伸和对齐预先在水凝胶管中排列的细菌纤维素纳米纤维,形成具有紧凑组装结构和增强相邻纳米纤维间氢键的 MF。制备的碱性纤维素中密度纤维具有 1 057 兆帕的超高拉伸强度和卓越的提升能力(按自重归一化后超过 340 000)。此外,由于 BC 纳米纤维遇水后体积膨胀,BC MFs 能迅速从环境湿度中获取能量,使捆绑的网络松开,从而产生扭转旋转,其峰值旋转速度为 884 r/(min-m)。所展示的快速而强烈的致动响应使这种微纤维结构成为基于湿度响应的各种应用的理想候选材料,这些应用包括高级致动器、远程雨量指示器、智能开关和智能窗帘。
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引用次数: 0
From common biomass materials to high-performance tissue engineering scaffold: Biomimetic preparation, properties characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluations 从普通生物质材料到高性能组织工程支架:仿生制备、性能表征、体外和体内评估
Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.03.004
Zongpu Xu , Fang He , Jing Yu , Zhangze Yang , Yu Zhu , Rong Liao , Ruyin Lyu , Mei Yang , Liangjun Zhu , Mingying Yang

Converting common biomass materials to high-performance biomedical products could not only reduce the environmental pressure associated with the large-scale use of synthetic materials, but also increase the economic value. Chitosan as a very promising candidate has drawn considerable attention owing to its abundant sources and remarkable bioactivities. However, pure chitosan materials usually exhibit insufficient mechanical properties and excessive swelling ratio, which seriously affected their in vivo stability and integrity when applied as tissue engineering scaffolds. Thus, simultaneously improving the mechanical strength and biological compatibility of pure chitosan (CS) scaffolds becomes very important. Here, inspired by the fiber-reinforced construction of natural extracellular matrix and the porous structure of cancellous bone, we built silk microfibers/chitosan composite scaffolds via ice-templating technique. This biomimetic strategy achieved 500% of mechanical improvement to pure chitosan, and meanwhile still maintaining high porosity (> 87%). In addition, the increased roughness of chitosan pore walls by embedded silk microfibers significantly promoted cell adhesion and proliferation. More importantly, after subcutaneous implantation in mice for four weeks, the composite scaffold showed greater structural integrity, as well as better collagenation, angiogenesis, and osteogenesis abilities, suggesting its great potential in biomedicine.

将普通生物质材料转化为高性能生物医药产品,不仅可以减轻大规模使用合成材料带来的环境压力,还能提高经济价值。壳聚糖作为一种非常有前景的候选材料,因其丰富的来源和显著的生物活性而备受关注。然而,纯壳聚糖材料通常表现出机械性能不足和过高的膨胀率,这严重影响了其作为组织工程支架应用时的体内稳定性和完整性。因此,同时提高纯壳聚糖(CS)支架的机械强度和生物相容性变得非常重要。在此,我们从天然细胞外基质的纤维增强结构和松质骨的多孔结构中汲取灵感,通过冰模板技术构建了蚕丝微纤维/壳聚糖复合支架。与纯壳聚糖相比,这种仿生策略的机械性能提高了 500%,同时仍保持了较高的孔隙率(87%)。此外,通过嵌入蚕丝微纤维增加壳聚糖孔壁的粗糙度,可显著促进细胞粘附和增殖。更重要的是,复合支架在小鼠皮下植入四周后,显示出更高的结构完整性,以及更好的胶原蛋白生成、血管生成和成骨能力,表明其在生物医学方面具有巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Molecularly engineered lignin to polyphenol via organocatalysis as an active sunscreen ingredient 通过有机催化将木质素转化为多酚的分子工程活性防晒成分
Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.03.003
Yuanlong Guo , Pengcheng Liu , Lei Deng , Changwei Lui , Michael North , Gang Hu , Qitian Huang , Zongbao Kent Zhao , Haibo Xie

Phenolation is one of the effective strategies to synthesize lignin-based polyphenols, improve lignin's properties, and extend its value-added applications in biological, medicinal and cosmetic fields. Herein, by taking the structural feature advantage of lignin, an effective and green strategy was developed to molecularly engineer lignin into a robust lignin-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate ester (LPPE) derivative via a transesterification reaction between 3,4-dihydrocoumarin (DHC) and the aliphatic hydroxyls in lignin under organocatalysis. The strategy is optimized and the novel derivative was systematically characterized by 1H, 13C and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The findings indicated that the successful introduction of 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propionate groups using a OH groups/DHC/organic base molar ratio of 1꞉1꞉0.3 at 120 °C for 6 h increased the content of phenolic hydroxyl groups from 1.793 1 to 3.017 9 mmol/g, and the LPPE exhibited excellent ultraviolet-absorbing and antioxidant performance with up to 90% free radical scavenging activity within 20 min using 5 mg/mL of LPPE. In addition, good biocompatibility and a high Sun protection factor (SPF) value of 40.9 were achieved at 5% (w) dosage of LPPE in the cream, indicating its significant application potential in sunscreen.

苯酚化是合成木质素基多酚、改善木质素特性并拓展其在生物、医药和化妆品领域增值应用的有效策略之一。本文利用木质素的结构特征优势,通过 3,4-二氢香豆素(DHC)与木质素中的脂肪族羟基在有机催化下发生酯交换反应,开发出一种有效的绿色策略,将木质素分子工程化为强效的木质素-3-(2-羟基苯基)丙酸酯(LPPE)衍生物。通过 1H、13C 和 31P 核磁共振 (NMR) 以及傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FT-IR) 对该策略进行了优化,并对新型衍生物进行了系统表征。研究结果表明,在 120 °C、6 小时的条件下,以 1꞉1꞉0.3 的 OH 基团/DHC/有机碱摩尔比成功引入 3-(2-羟基苯基)丙酸基团,酚羟基的含量从 1.793 1 mmol/g 增加到 3.017 9 mmol/g,LPPE 表现出优异的紫外线吸收和抗氧化性能,使用 5 mg/mL LPPE,20 分钟内自由基清除活性高达 90%。此外,面霜中 LPPE 的用量为 5%(重量比)时,其生物相容性良好,防晒系数 (SPF) 值高达 40.9,这表明它在防晒霜中具有巨大的应用潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Production of chitosan-based composite film reinforced with lignin-rich lignocellulose nanofibers from rice husk 用稻壳中富含木质素的木质纤维素纳米纤维生产壳聚糖基复合膜
Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobab.2024.03.002
Hye Jee Kang , Yeon Ju Lee , Jin Kyoung Lee , Irnia Nurika , Sri Suhartini , Deokyeong Choe , Dong Hyun Kim , Hoon Choi , Natasha P. Murphy , Ho Yong Kim , Young Hoon Jung

Lignocellulosic nanofibers (LCNFs), implying lignin-containing cellulose fibers, maintain the properties of both lignin and cellulose, which are hydrophobic and hydrophilic, respectively. The presence of hydrophobic lignin in LCNFs is expected to be an economical and attractive option that can improve the thermal and mechanical properties of polymers. Thus, this study was conducted to produce lignin-rich LCNFs from sugar-rich waste obtained from rice husks after acidic pretreatment. The LCNFs were produced from the lignin-rich solid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, which were then incorporated as an additive into a chitosan-based film. The variations in lignin content in the range of approximately 50.6%–66.8% in differently obtained LCNFs gave significantly different optical strengths and mechanical properties. These controllable processes may allow for customized film formation. Additionally, the glucose-rich liquid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis were used as a substrate for ethanol fermentation to achieve total utilization of rice husk biomass waste. In conclusion, the lignin-rich biomass fraction holds promise as a suitable material for chitosan-LCNF film and has the potential to increase the economic feasibility of the biomaterial industry.

木质纤维素纳米纤维(LCNFs)是指含有木质素的纤维素纤维,它同时保持了木质素和纤维素的特性,即分别具有疏水性和亲水性。预计 LCNF 中疏水木质素的存在是一种经济且有吸引力的选择,可改善聚合物的热性能和机械性能。因此,本研究以稻壳中富含糖分的废弃物为原料,经酸性预处理后制备富含木质素的 LCNFs。从预处理和酶水解后获得的富含木质素的固体馏分中制备出 LCNFs,然后将其作为添加剂加入壳聚糖薄膜中。在不同的 LCNFs 中,木质素含量的变化范围约为 50.6%-66.8%,其光学强度和机械性能也大不相同。这些可控过程可实现定制薄膜的形成。此外,预处理和酶水解后获得的富含葡萄糖的液体馏分可用作乙醇发酵的底物,从而实现稻壳生物质废物的完全利用。总之,富含木质素的生物质馏分有望成为壳聚糖-LCNF 薄膜的合适材料,并有可能提高生物材料产业的经济可行性。
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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts
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