R. Scardino, M. Arculeo, V. Arizza, G. Bazan, M. Lo Valvo, F. Marrone, L. Vecchioni
The host-parasite system “Emys trinacris – Placobdella costata – Haemogregarina stepanowi” is known for Sicily, but scarce information is available to date about the distribution of the two parasites on the island. Therefore, an extensive sampling effort through visual census and collection and analysis of blood smears of the endemic Sicilian pond turtle E. trinacris was carried out in 46 water bodies scattered throughout mainland Sicily. Our findings revealed that the distribution of both parasites is limited to the Nebrodi area, where the infection of H. stepanowi has shown a high incidence on the local turtle populations. Our data suggest no correlation between the current distribution of the two parasite species and environmental features. The current distribution of H. stepanowi and P. costata seems not to be relictual, but rather the outcome of a recent colonisation process. Considering the possible negative impact of both H. stepanowi and P. costata on their turtle host, their long-term effect on E. trinacris should be investigated.
{"title":"New distributional data on Haemogregarina stepanowi (Apicomplexa) and Placobdella costata (Hirudinea) parasitising the Sicilian pond turtle Emys trinacris (Testudines)","authors":"R. Scardino, M. Arculeo, V. Arizza, G. Bazan, M. Lo Valvo, F. Marrone, L. Vecchioni","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2022.544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2022.544","url":null,"abstract":"The host-parasite system “Emys trinacris – Placobdella costata – Haemogregarina stepanowi” is known for Sicily, but scarce information is available to date about the distribution of the two parasites on the island. Therefore, an extensive sampling effort through visual census and collection and analysis of blood smears of the endemic Sicilian pond turtle E. trinacris was carried out in 46 water bodies scattered throughout mainland Sicily. Our findings revealed that the distribution of both parasites is limited to the Nebrodi area, where the infection of H. stepanowi has shown a high incidence on the local turtle populations. Our data suggest no correlation between the current distribution of the two parasite species and environmental features. The current distribution of H. stepanowi and P. costata seems not to be relictual, but rather the outcome of a recent colonisation process. Considering the possible negative impact of both H. stepanowi and P. costata on their turtle host, their long-term effect on E. trinacris should be investigated.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86974374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed at investigating the activity rhythms of the red fox Vulpes vulpes and three potential preys (i.e. the European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus, the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus, and the Norway rat Rattus norvegicus) in an urban environment. Data were collected as a part of a camera trapping survey, carried out within the municipality of Padua (northeastern Italy). In order to analyse species activity patterns, the R overlap package was used and then the Watson-Wheeler test was run to evaluate whether two overlaps were significantly different. Results show that all the investigated species have nocturnal activities, with “moderate” temporal activity overlap between the red fox and its potential prey. The Watson-Wheeler test showed that the hedgehog was the only potential prey that did not show significant differences in the hours of activity compared to those of the red fox. Instead, statistically significant differences were recorded when the activity rhythm of the red fox was compared with that of the wood mouse or the Norway rat. This may indicate the development of antipredator behaviour or the possibility that the red fox is seeking anthropogenic food sources instead of wild prey or, alternatively, other preferred food items.
{"title":"Living with the enemy: activity rhythms of the red fox and some potential preys in an urban environment","authors":"Alessandro Nardotto","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2022.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2022.555","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at investigating the activity rhythms of the red fox Vulpes vulpes and three potential preys (i.e. the European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus, the wood mouse Apodemus sylvaticus, and the Norway rat Rattus norvegicus) in an urban environment. Data were collected as a part of a camera trapping survey, carried out within the municipality of Padua (northeastern Italy). In order to analyse species activity patterns, the R overlap package was used and then the Watson-Wheeler test was run to evaluate whether two overlaps were significantly different. Results show that all the investigated species have nocturnal activities, with “moderate” temporal activity overlap between the red fox and its potential prey. The Watson-Wheeler test showed that the hedgehog was the only potential prey that did not show significant differences in the hours of activity compared to those of the red fox. Instead, statistically significant differences were recorded when the activity rhythm of the red fox was compared with that of the wood mouse or the Norway rat. This may indicate the development of antipredator behaviour or the possibility that the red fox is seeking anthropogenic food sources instead of wild prey or, alternatively, other preferred food items.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"356 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80146015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Gheza, Juri Nascimbene, M. Barcella, F. Bracco, S. Assini
Epiphytic lichens were surveyed in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (province of Pavia, Lombardy, NW Italy), which hosts a well-preserved fragment of oak-elm floodplain forest (Natura 2000 Habitat 91F0). The core woodland fragment hosted only four species on the tree boles, i.e. Lepraria finkii plus the forest specialists Coenogonium pineti, Diarthonis spadicea, and Opegrapha vermicellifera. An additional eight nitro- and photophytic species were recorded on the highest twigs of the canopy. The whole Reserve, including the neighbouring degraded woodlands and poplar plantations, hosted 27 epiphytic lichen taxa. The lower Ticino River valley between Vigevano and Pavia, in which the Reserve is located, was surveyed for epiphytic lichens in an additional 45 sites, including 15 wellpreserved oak-elm/hornbeam woodlands (Habitat 91F0), 15 degraded broadleaved woodlands with high occurrence of black locust and 15 poplar plantations. Overall, 32 species were recorded. Well-preserved woodlands had a lower species richness, but they hosted forest specialists not occurring in the other two habitats. Graphis pulverulenta and Lecania cyrtellina are new to Lombardy. Anisomeridium polypori, Diarthonis spadicea, Lecanora expallens and Pseudoschismatomma rufescens are reported from Lombardy for the second time.
{"title":"Epiphytic lichens of woodland habitats in the lower Ticino river valley and in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (NW Italy)","authors":"G. Gheza, Juri Nascimbene, M. Barcella, F. Bracco, S. Assini","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2022.566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2022.566","url":null,"abstract":"Epiphytic lichens were surveyed in the “Bosco Siro Negri” Integral Nature State Reserve (province of Pavia, Lombardy, NW Italy), which hosts a well-preserved fragment of oak-elm floodplain forest (Natura 2000 Habitat 91F0). The core woodland fragment hosted only four species on the tree boles, i.e. Lepraria finkii plus the forest specialists Coenogonium pineti, Diarthonis spadicea, and Opegrapha vermicellifera. An additional eight nitro- and photophytic species were recorded on the highest twigs of the canopy. The whole Reserve, including the neighbouring degraded woodlands and poplar plantations, hosted 27 epiphytic lichen taxa. The lower Ticino River valley between Vigevano and Pavia, in which the Reserve is located, was surveyed for epiphytic lichens in an additional 45 sites, including 15 wellpreserved oak-elm/hornbeam woodlands (Habitat 91F0), 15 degraded broadleaved woodlands with high occurrence of black locust and 15 poplar plantations. Overall, 32 species were recorded. Well-preserved woodlands had a lower species richness, but they hosted forest specialists not occurring in the other two habitats. Graphis pulverulenta and Lecania cyrtellina are new to Lombardy. Anisomeridium polypori, Diarthonis spadicea, Lecanora expallens and Pseudoschismatomma rufescens are reported from Lombardy for the second time.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87961957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emperor Frederick II’s early thirteenth-century book on falconry, De arte venandi cum avibus, is probably the most famous single source for scholars who survey the state-of-the-art in natural sciences in medieval times. Most of the research on his book has focused on the marginal illustrations featuring about 80 bird species. However, the book contains a large amount of ethological, ecological, morphological and faunistic knowledge about bird fauna. Frederick was also one of the first to conduct experiments with birds. Here, we describe the ornithological experiments and observations of Frederick and evaluate them from the perspective of modern ecology. In many contexts, Frederick expressed criticism of Aristotle and his work Liber Animalium. Frederick’s observation upon the geographical variation of species was partially in contrast to the Aristotelian typological or essentialist species concept. This is an important finding from the point of view of the western history of biology. De arte venandi cum avibus demonstrates Frederick’s deep knowledge of the ecology, morphology and behaviour of birds. This knowledge he gained via his long practice with falconry. The love of falconry made Frederick an early proponent of empiricism, and De arte venandi cum avibus was actually the most important achievement of empirical zoology in the thirteenth century.
腓特烈二世皇帝在13世纪早期写的关于猎鹰的书《De arte venandi cum avibus》，可能是研究中世纪自然科学最先进技术的学者最著名的单一资料来源。他的书的大部分研究都集中在边缘的插图上，这些插图描绘了大约80种鸟类。然而，这本书包含了大量关于鸟类区系的行为学、生态学、形态学和动物学知识。弗雷德里克也是最早用鸟类做实验的人之一。本文描述了弗雷德里克的鸟类实验和观察，并从现代生态学的角度对其进行了评价。在许多情况下，弗雷德里克表达了对亚里士多德及其著作《动物论》的批评。弗雷德里克对物种地理变异的观察部分地与亚里士多德的类型学或本质论的物种概念形成对比。从西方生物学史的角度来看，这是一个重要的发现。De arte venandi cum avibus展示了弗雷德里克在生态学、形态学和鸟类行为方面的深厚知识。这些知识是他通过长期的驯鹰练习获得的。对猎鹰的热爱使腓特烈成为经验主义的早期支持者，而《鸟类的艺术》实际上是13世纪经验动物学最重要的成就。
{"title":"Frederick II of Hohenstaufen and modern ecology","authors":"P. Niemelä, T. Vuorisalo, Simo Örmä","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.539","url":null,"abstract":"Emperor Frederick II’s early thirteenth-century book on falconry, De arte venandi cum avibus, is probably the most famous single source for scholars who survey the state-of-the-art in natural sciences in medieval times. Most of the research on his book has focused on the marginal illustrations featuring about 80 bird species. However, the book contains a large amount of ethological, ecological, morphological and faunistic knowledge about bird fauna. Frederick was also one of the first to conduct experiments with birds. Here, we describe the ornithological experiments and observations of Frederick and evaluate them from the perspective of modern ecology. In many contexts, Frederick expressed criticism of Aristotle and his work Liber Animalium. Frederick’s observation upon the geographical variation of species was partially in contrast to the Aristotelian typological or essentialist species concept. This is an important finding from the point of view of the western history of biology. De arte venandi cum avibus demonstrates Frederick’s deep knowledge of the ecology, morphology and behaviour of birds. This knowledge he gained via his long practice with falconry. The love of falconry made Frederick an early proponent of empiricism, and De arte venandi cum avibus was actually the most important achievement of empirical zoology in the thirteenth century.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88191858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sele Plain was once a marshy area that has recently been reclaimed. The analysis of skull and dental remains of small mammals, collected during the restoration of the Temple of Neptune, testifies the ancient existence of ecosystems that have now been greatly reduced in this area. In particular, the high percentage of remains of Arvicola italicus, a rodent that is now very rare throughout Italy, confirms the presence of aquatic environments.
{"title":"Small mammal remains from the Temple of Neptune, a window on the ancient landscape of the Sele Plain (Southern Italy)","authors":"A. Nappi","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.526","url":null,"abstract":"The Sele Plain was once a marshy area that has recently been reclaimed. The analysis of skull and dental remains of small mammals, collected during the restoration of the Temple of Neptune, testifies the ancient existence of ecosystems that have now been greatly reduced in this area. In particular, the high percentage of remains of Arvicola italicus, a rodent that is now very rare throughout Italy, confirms the presence of aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80625268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The artists of the Italian Renaissance were keen observers of nature. Their works are often enriched with realistic details that inform us about the high degree of their scientific knowledge. In the particular case of the Baptism of Christ (1470-1475 c.) by Andrea del Verrocchio and Leonardo da Vinci, the careful depiction of certain bird species, including a red-backed shrike and a redstart, reveals precise meanings closely related to Christological symbolism.
{"title":"The flight of the shrike. The ornithological representation in the Baptism of Christ (1470-1475 c.) by Andrea del Verrocchio and Leonardo da Vinci","authors":"M. Masseti","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.538","url":null,"abstract":"The artists of the Italian Renaissance were keen observers of nature. Their works are often enriched with realistic details that inform us about the high degree of their scientific knowledge. In the particular case of the Baptism of Christ (1470-1475 c.) by Andrea del Verrocchio and Leonardo da Vinci, the careful depiction of certain bird species, including a red-backed shrike and a redstart, reveals precise meanings closely related to Christological symbolism.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77886841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ferri, Paolo Crescia, S. Celletti, C. Soccini, C. Battisti
In order to investigate diversity patterns and similarities in the small mammal communities of an agroforestry landscape in western central Italy (Maremma of Lazio), we analyzed, in a multivariate setting (Cluster analysis, DCA-Detrended Correspondence Analysis), the prey content of barn owl Tyto alba pellets collected along one year in five sampling sites. Small mammal communities were composed by guilds typical of habitats included in agroforestry landscapes (croplands and mosaics, forests and ecotones, wet habitats and synanthropic ones). Since landscape matrices were characterized almost everywhere by croplands, typical agro-ecosystem species (Apodemus cfr. sylvaticus, Microtus savii, Mus domesticus and Soricidae) dominated in the majority of the collecting sites. The statistical analyses show how small changes in land use and cover can explain the faunal differences between sites, with the occasional presence of Arvicola italicus in wet habitats, and of Muscardinus avellanarius and Sorex samniticus in sites dominated by forest or agroforestry ecotones. Communities recorded in sites characterized by wet and forest habitats showed a higher distance from the others, dominated by croplands. Communities occurring in landscapes with the lowest habitat diversity showed also the lowest species diversity.
{"title":"Small mammals from barn owl Tyto alba pellets in a Mediterranean agroforestry landscape of central Italy","authors":"V. Ferri, Paolo Crescia, S. Celletti, C. Soccini, C. Battisti","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.512","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate diversity patterns and similarities in the small mammal communities of an agroforestry landscape in western central Italy (Maremma of Lazio), we analyzed, in a multivariate setting (Cluster analysis, DCA-Detrended Correspondence Analysis), the prey content of barn owl Tyto alba pellets collected along one year in five sampling sites. Small mammal communities were composed by guilds typical of habitats included in agroforestry landscapes (croplands and mosaics, forests and ecotones, wet habitats and synanthropic ones). Since landscape matrices were characterized almost everywhere by croplands, typical agro-ecosystem species (Apodemus cfr. sylvaticus, Microtus savii, Mus domesticus and Soricidae) dominated in the majority of the collecting sites. The statistical analyses show how small changes in land use and cover can explain the faunal differences between sites, with the occasional presence of Arvicola italicus in wet habitats, and of Muscardinus avellanarius and Sorex samniticus in sites dominated by forest or agroforestry ecotones. Communities recorded in sites characterized by wet and forest habitats showed a higher distance from the others, dominated by croplands. Communities occurring in landscapes with the lowest habitat diversity showed also the lowest species diversity.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91051813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to deepen the knowledge of five poorly studied Longitarsus species in order to elucidate their taxonomic position within the genus. For each of them further diagnostic characters and many new collecting localities are supplied. One new synonymy and one change of status are proposed: L. callidus Warchalowski 1967 = L. aphthonoides Weise 1887 syn. nov., and L. lateripunctatus personatus Weise 1893 is raised to valid species. The morphologically similar L. curtus (Allard 1860) and L. monticola Kutschera 1863 are also examined, providing new male and female diagnostic characters for their identification, as well as several European and Italian new collecting localities.
{"title":"Notes on Longitarsus aphthonoides Weise 1887 and on the species groups of L. lateripunctatus (Rosenhauer 1856) and L. curtus (Allard 1860) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)","authors":"L. Fariña","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.515","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to deepen the knowledge of five poorly studied Longitarsus species in order to elucidate their taxonomic position within the genus. For each of them further diagnostic characters and many new collecting localities are supplied. One new synonymy and one change of status are proposed: L. callidus Warchalowski 1967 = L. aphthonoides Weise 1887 syn. nov., and L. lateripunctatus personatus Weise 1893 is raised to valid species. The morphologically similar L. curtus (Allard 1860) and L. monticola Kutschera 1863 are also examined, providing new male and female diagnostic characters for their identification, as well as several European and Italian new collecting localities.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77351888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Somatochlora arctica is an endangered dragonfly with populations characterized by low density and scattered distribution. The presence of the species in the Varese Province, recorded during the specific monitoring operations for Nehalennia speciosa, is reported for the first time. The observation of an oviposing female was carried out in a peat bog placed at 550 m a.s.l., the lowest altitude for the species in Italy and one of the most unusual for the Mediterranean Region. The peculiarities of this record are shown.
{"title":"Somatochlora arctica (Odonata: Corduliidae) oviposing at “lower than usual” altitude for Italy and the Mediterranean Region and first observation for the Varese Province (Northern Italy)","authors":"S. Aguzzi, V. Orioli","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.533","url":null,"abstract":"Somatochlora arctica is an endangered dragonfly with populations characterized by low density and scattered distribution. The presence of the species in the Varese Province, recorded during the specific monitoring operations for Nehalennia speciosa, is reported for the first time. The observation of an oviposing female was carried out in a peat bog placed at 550 m a.s.l., the lowest altitude for the species in Italy and one of the most unusual for the Mediterranean Region. The peculiarities of this record are shown.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83803348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper represents an update of the list of Italian amphibians and reptiles published 15 years ago by Razzetti et al. (2006) and of the checklist published in 1993 by the late Benedetto Lanza. At present, the Italian herpetofauna includes 101 species (41 amphibians and 60 reptiles) and an amphibian taxon of hybrid origin. Seven species and one subspecies are allochthonous and became naturalized within the last century. Since the last published list, a new species has been described (Vipera walser), five taxa have been raised to species rank (Salamandrina perspicillata, Speleomantes sarrabusensis, Zootoca carniolica, Malpolon insignitus and Natrix helvetica) while three taxa have been downgraded to subspecies. All the relevant taxonomic changes based upon new research have been discussed, including tentative revisions and controversial taxa. Nine species reported or listed dubitatively in Lanza’s 1993 list are excluded here.
{"title":"An updated check-list of Italian amphibians and reptiles","authors":"R. Sindaco, E. Razzetti","doi":"10.4081/nhs.2021.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.519","url":null,"abstract":"This paper represents an update of the list of Italian amphibians and reptiles published 15 years ago by Razzetti et al. (2006) and of the checklist published in 1993 by the late Benedetto Lanza. At present, the Italian herpetofauna includes 101 species (41 amphibians and 60 reptiles) and an amphibian taxon of hybrid origin. Seven species and one subspecies are allochthonous and became naturalized within the last century. Since the last published list, a new species has been described (Vipera walser), five taxa have been raised to species rank (Salamandrina perspicillata, Speleomantes sarrabusensis, Zootoca carniolica, Malpolon insignitus and Natrix helvetica) while three taxa have been downgraded to subspecies. All the relevant taxonomic changes based upon new research have been discussed, including tentative revisions and controversial taxa. Nine species reported or listed dubitatively in Lanza’s 1993 list are excluded here.","PeriodicalId":52358,"journal":{"name":"Natural History Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89097854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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