Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.551
Byung-Hoon Kang, Dong-Hoon Kim, Myeong-Chul Ko, Jeong-Hee Lee
Background and objective: With the increasing public awareness of health due to COVID-19 and the quality of life, people have come to prefer natural spaces with fewer crowds. Public use of forest trails is increasing as a place that satisfies the demand for such natural spaces. As a result, the basic plans for trails and mountaineering support were established, and there has been government-level support such as the establishment of the Korea Mountaineering Support Center, which resulted in a quantitative and qualitative increase in the use of forest trails. Accordingly, efforts must be made to ensure satisfaction and loyalty in using forest trails.Methods: Therefore, this study identified the factors affecting the overall satisfaction and loyalty toward forest trails through structural equation modeling. As for the research data, we used data from the Fact-finding Survey on Forest Welfare Facility Users to analyze the use of forest trails.Results: As a result, safety and comfort, kindness, travel time, and program experience variety had a significant effect directly and indirectly on overall satisfaction and loyalty. Safety and comfort affected personal activity experience variety, while kindness affected program experience variety. For travel time, the direct effect on loyalty showed a positive correlation, but the indirect effect showed a negative correlation.Conclusion: These results showed that safety should be considered a top priority on forest trails, and that long travel time to forest trails could be a factor that increases loyalty by offering various programs. In addition, loyalty has a multifaceted correlation between several factors, suggesting that it is necessary to consider not only direct effects but also indirect effects.
{"title":"Structural Equation Modeling Analysis of Factors Affecting the Loyalty of Forest Trail Users","authors":"Byung-Hoon Kang, Dong-Hoon Kim, Myeong-Chul Ko, Jeong-Hee Lee","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.551","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: With the increasing public awareness of health due to COVID-19 and the quality of life, people have come to prefer natural spaces with fewer crowds. Public use of forest trails is increasing as a place that satisfies the demand for such natural spaces. As a result, the basic plans for trails and mountaineering support were established, and there has been government-level support such as the establishment of the Korea Mountaineering Support Center, which resulted in a quantitative and qualitative increase in the use of forest trails. Accordingly, efforts must be made to ensure satisfaction and loyalty in using forest trails.Methods: Therefore, this study identified the factors affecting the overall satisfaction and loyalty toward forest trails through structural equation modeling. As for the research data, we used data from the Fact-finding Survey on Forest Welfare Facility Users to analyze the use of forest trails.Results: As a result, safety and comfort, kindness, travel time, and program experience variety had a significant effect directly and indirectly on overall satisfaction and loyalty. Safety and comfort affected personal activity experience variety, while kindness affected program experience variety. For travel time, the direct effect on loyalty showed a positive correlation, but the indirect effect showed a negative correlation.Conclusion: These results showed that safety should be considered a top priority on forest trails, and that long travel time to forest trails could be a factor that increases loyalty by offering various programs. In addition, loyalty has a multifaceted correlation between several factors, suggesting that it is necessary to consider not only direct effects but also indirect effects.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135977975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.513
Jonghyuck Kim, Sukyoung Yun, Taegwon Chang
Background and objective: This study analyzed the effects of horticultural therapy programs for children using meta-analysis. It aims to provide logical grounds and basic data for practical intervention plans in educational settings.Methods: For analysis, out of total 498 papers published in journals from 2000 to 2022 under the keywords 'gardening (or horticulture) for children' and 'elementary gardening (or horticulture)', 35 articles were finally selected and analyzed, excluding those redundant or integrated with other age groups or programs.Results: First, the overall average effect size of horticultural therapy programs for children was 0.795, which was a medium size. Second, the average effect size for each dependent variable was the largest in the cognitive domain at 1.153, followed by the social domain, the psycho-emotional domain, and the physical domain. Third, the average effect size according to the grade of the subjects was the largest at 0.955 in the upper grades, followed by the lower grades and mixed grades. Fourth, as a result of meta-regression analysis, shorter time per session resulted in higher effectiveness of horticultural therapy programs for children (p = .001).Conclusion: In this study, the meta-analysis results showed that the most effective way to increase children's activity effectiveness in horticulture activities using plants is to conduct activities once a week, for 10 sessions or less, and with a time of less than 60 minutes per session.
{"title":"A Meta-analysis of Horticultural Therapy Programs for Children: Focusing on Journal Articles","authors":"Jonghyuck Kim, Sukyoung Yun, Taegwon Chang","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.513","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: This study analyzed the effects of horticultural therapy programs for children using meta-analysis. It aims to provide logical grounds and basic data for practical intervention plans in educational settings.Methods: For analysis, out of total 498 papers published in journals from 2000 to 2022 under the keywords 'gardening (or horticulture) for children' and 'elementary gardening (or horticulture)', 35 articles were finally selected and analyzed, excluding those redundant or integrated with other age groups or programs.Results: First, the overall average effect size of horticultural therapy programs for children was 0.795, which was a medium size. Second, the average effect size for each dependent variable was the largest in the cognitive domain at 1.153, followed by the social domain, the psycho-emotional domain, and the physical domain. Third, the average effect size according to the grade of the subjects was the largest at 0.955 in the upper grades, followed by the lower grades and mixed grades. Fourth, as a result of meta-regression analysis, shorter time per session resulted in higher effectiveness of horticultural therapy programs for children (<i>p</i> = .001).Conclusion: In this study, the meta-analysis results showed that the most effective way to increase children's activity effectiveness in horticulture activities using plants is to conduct activities once a week, for 10 sessions or less, and with a time of less than 60 minutes per session.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135977974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.469
Yong Kweon Yoo, Yong Seung Roh
Background and objective: This study was carried out to examine the effects of antiviral agents on shoot growth and virus elimination during node culture in rose 'Deep Purple', 'Natal Briar' and 'Pink Beauty' infected with TRSV and ArMV.Methods: Three varieties of roses confirmed to be infected with TRSV and ArMV through ImmunoStrip® Tests were node-cultured, and the medium was treated with antiviral agents ribavirin and vidarabine at 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg⋅L-1 . After 60 days of culture, shoot growth and virus infection rates were evaluated.Results: In 'Deep Purple', vidarabine treatment inhibited shoot growth and survival rate more than ribavirin, and had no effect on virus elimination. Treatment of 20 mg⋅L-1 ribavirin was no significant difference in shoot growth and survival rate compared to control, and TRSV and ArMV infection rates were lowered to 25% and 0%, respectively. In 'Natal Briar', treatment of 10-20 mg⋅L-1 ribavirin showed no statistical difference in shoot growth compared to the control, but the infection rates of TRSV and ArMV were 100%. The shoot growth and survival rate were greatly suppressed in treatment of 10 mg⋅L-1 vidarabine, but both TRSV and ArMV infection rates were 50%. In 'Pink Beauty', the higher the treatment concentration of ribavirin and vidarabine, the more the shoot growth was suppressed. Ribavirin had no effect on TRSV elimination, and 20 mg⋅L-1 vidarabine treatment showed that both TRSV and ArMV infection rates were 50%.Conclusion: Depending on the type and concentration of the antiviral agent, the elimination effects of viruses were different for each variety of rose. It was most effective to treat 20 mg⋅L-1 ribavirin in 'Deep Purple', 10 mg⋅L-1 vidarabine in 'Natal Briar', and 20 mg⋅L-1 vidarabine in 'Pink Beauty' in media for TRSV and ArMV elimination.
{"title":"Shoot Growth and Virus Elimination by Antiviral Agents in Node Cultures of Three Rose Cultivars","authors":"Yong Kweon Yoo, Yong Seung Roh","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.5.469","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: This study was carried out to examine the effects of antiviral agents on shoot growth and virus elimination during node culture in rose 'Deep Purple', 'Natal Briar' and 'Pink Beauty' infected with TRSV and ArMV.Methods: Three varieties of roses confirmed to be infected with TRSV and ArMV through ImmunoStrip® Tests were node-cultured, and the medium was treated with antiviral agents ribavirin and vidarabine at 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> . After 60 days of culture, shoot growth and virus infection rates were evaluated.Results: In 'Deep Purple', vidarabine treatment inhibited shoot growth and survival rate more than ribavirin, and had no effect on virus elimination. Treatment of 20 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> ribavirin was no significant difference in shoot growth and survival rate compared to control, and TRSV and ArMV infection rates were lowered to 25% and 0%, respectively. In 'Natal Briar', treatment of 10-20 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> ribavirin showed no statistical difference in shoot growth compared to the control, but the infection rates of TRSV and ArMV were 100%. The shoot growth and survival rate were greatly suppressed in treatment of 10 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> vidarabine, but both TRSV and ArMV infection rates were 50%. In 'Pink Beauty', the higher the treatment concentration of ribavirin and vidarabine, the more the shoot growth was suppressed. Ribavirin had no effect on TRSV elimination, and 20 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> vidarabine treatment showed that both TRSV and ArMV infection rates were 50%.Conclusion: Depending on the type and concentration of the antiviral agent, the elimination effects of viruses were different for each variety of rose. It was most effective to treat 20 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> ribavirin in 'Deep Purple', 10 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> vidarabine in 'Natal Briar', and 20 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup> vidarabine in 'Pink Beauty' in media for TRSV and ArMV elimination.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135977782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.295
Jae-hyuck Lee, Kyung Ah Koo
Background and objective: National parks are places people from all walks of life can utilize. However, many existing studies are limited in suggesting management plans that fit the characteristics of different age groups of people visiting national parks. Therefore, this study aims to identify the requirements for national parks and set the direction for national park services by age group.Methods: This study collected the requirements for national parks from 902 people of different ages through an online self-administered questionnaire and analyzed them through semantic link network analysis.Results: As a result of the analysis, there were management requirements in two areas related to the environment (rubbish and ecological environment, facilities environment such as safety and forest fires) and one area related to the economy, and a monitoring system for rubbish and ecological environment and a private land management policy for the economy were identified as alternatives. The younger generation was interested in environmental issues, the older generation was interested in economic issues, and the elderly was interested in the facilities environment for safety and forest fires. Therefore, it was found that environmental campaigns should be conducted for the younger generation, admission fees and parking rates should be improved for the older generation, and a safe tour environment should be provided for the elderly.Conclusion: The needs analysis found that it is necessary to establish a monitoring system for all national parks from an environmental perspective and improve the management policy about private land from an economic perspective. Furthermore, environmental campaigns and events were required for the younger generation, benefits related to entrance fees for the elderly, and policies to create a safe facilities environment for the elderly. Establishing such national park policies will improve the satisfaction of users.
{"title":"An Analysis on Needs for National Parks by Age Group using Semantic Network Analysis","authors":"Jae-hyuck Lee, Kyung Ah Koo","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.295","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: National parks are places people from all walks of life can utilize. However, many existing studies are limited in suggesting management plans that fit the characteristics of different age groups of people visiting national parks. Therefore, this study aims to identify the requirements for national parks and set the direction for national park services by age group.Methods: This study collected the requirements for national parks from 902 people of different ages through an online self-administered questionnaire and analyzed them through semantic link network analysis.Results: As a result of the analysis, there were management requirements in two areas related to the environment (rubbish and ecological environment, facilities environment such as safety and forest fires) and one area related to the economy, and a monitoring system for rubbish and ecological environment and a private land management policy for the economy were identified as alternatives. The younger generation was interested in environmental issues, the older generation was interested in economic issues, and the elderly was interested in the facilities environment for safety and forest fires. Therefore, it was found that environmental campaigns should be conducted for the younger generation, admission fees and parking rates should be improved for the older generation, and a safe tour environment should be provided for the elderly.Conclusion: The needs analysis found that it is necessary to establish a monitoring system for all national parks from an environmental perspective and improve the management policy about private land from an economic perspective. Furthermore, environmental campaigns and events were required for the younger generation, benefits related to entrance fees for the elderly, and policies to create a safe facilities environment for the elderly. Establishing such national park policies will improve the satisfaction of users.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.305
Eujin Julia Kim, Youngeun Kang
Background and objective: Although mega-events are generally expected to have both short-and long-term lasting favorable effects on host cities, few quantitative studies have investigated this impact based on demand-oriented evidences and through a phased data collection. This study examines the case of Gangneung, a Winter Olympic host city, in order to identify the extent to which the effects of the Olympics are durable.Methods: City map survey was conducted 48 times for 527 visitors for a year and half for visitation pattern observation. In order to investigate the temporal impact of the Olympic event and seasonality, attraction visitation network for seven periods are compared based on using Network density comparison analysis. In addition, a regression analysis-a QAP (Quadratic Assignment Procedure) was followed to examine different factors affecting network formation.Results: As the Winter Olympics were taking place mainly around the Olympic Park, the visitation network results displayed very strong connections among the Olympic park, the Northern coast, and the Southern city’s downtown. However, except the major connections, all other connecting strengths were presented with noticeably weaker strengths when compared to the pre-Olympic period. After the Olympics, the edge strengths were restored to levels similar to those of the pre-Olympic period and, the most noticeable change was the reduced gap between the strongest and weakest attraction group, indicating that the edge strengths tend to distribute equally. Another change was that the strengths of connections to the Olympic Park became stronger, indicating that the Olympic legacy was included as one of the touristic attractions. The results of the following season indicated that the connections among the Northern and Eastern coasts, the Western historical sites, and the Southern downtown area remained strong and connections to the downtown became more prominent with new powerful attraction points.Conclusion: The longitudinal observations revealed that there is a noticeable durable impact of hosting the Olympics. To some extent, Olympic hosting and the KTX railway construction seem to have changed tourist visitation patterns. Although the results warn that the expectation of spillover and durable effect can be hasty, the following results imply that the redevelopment project induced by a mega event has brought the changes and reorganized the travel pattern in small city. This also provides evidence that mega-event impact sometimes lags behind the city government and local community’s schedule, which explains the need for a long-term evaluation.
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Network Analysis of the Impact of Mega Event-Based Development: The 2018 Winter Olympic Host City (Gangneung, South Korea) Case","authors":"Eujin Julia Kim, Youngeun Kang","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.305","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Although mega-events are generally expected to have both short-and long-term lasting favorable effects on host cities, few quantitative studies have investigated this impact based on demand-oriented evidences and through a phased data collection. This study examines the case of Gangneung, a Winter Olympic host city, in order to identify the extent to which the effects of the Olympics are durable.Methods: City map survey was conducted 48 times for 527 visitors for a year and half for visitation pattern observation. In order to investigate the temporal impact of the Olympic event and seasonality, attraction visitation network for seven periods are compared based on using Network density comparison analysis. In addition, a regression analysis-a QAP (Quadratic Assignment Procedure) was followed to examine different factors affecting network formation.Results: As the Winter Olympics were taking place mainly around the Olympic Park, the visitation network results displayed very strong connections among the Olympic park, the Northern coast, and the Southern city’s downtown. However, except the major connections, all other connecting strengths were presented with noticeably weaker strengths when compared to the pre-Olympic period. After the Olympics, the edge strengths were restored to levels similar to those of the pre-Olympic period and, the most noticeable change was the reduced gap between the strongest and weakest attraction group, indicating that the edge strengths tend to distribute equally. Another change was that the strengths of connections to the Olympic Park became stronger, indicating that the Olympic legacy was included as one of the touristic attractions. The results of the following season indicated that the connections among the Northern and Eastern coasts, the Western historical sites, and the Southern downtown area remained strong and connections to the downtown became more prominent with new powerful attraction points.Conclusion: The longitudinal observations revealed that there is a noticeable durable impact of hosting the Olympics. To some extent, Olympic hosting and the KTX railway construction seem to have changed tourist visitation patterns. Although the results warn that the expectation of spillover and durable effect can be hasty, the following results imply that the redevelopment project induced by a mega event has brought the changes and reorganized the travel pattern in small city. This also provides evidence that mega-event impact sometimes lags behind the city government and local community’s schedule, which explains the need for a long-term evaluation.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.327
Tae Han Kim, Jae Young Lee, Mi Ju Kim, Kyung Hun Kim, Yu Jeong Lee
Background and objective: Among multi-use facilities, underground subway stations are vulnerable areas where total management of particulate matter (PM) has been implemented through the Seasonal PM Management System. Through the friction between train wheels and railsthat occurs subway stations, iron oxide particles are generated, which can cause various diseases in the human body. This study aims to explore the application of plants to biofilters as a sustainable method for reducing metallic particle pollution.Methods: The experimental group was designed based on the application of plants and waterings to biofilters. Experimental data were obtained through time-series monitoring of PM using Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) stations and SEM-EDS-based chemical species analysis of PM samples. The chemical species analysis was involved in determining the weight ratio of Fe in the particles through 15 repeated analyses of large-area samples at 100 × magnification.Results: The highest concentration of PM was found during the 4th period of the day (when days were divided into 4 periods of 6 hours each), with PM10 at 46.3 ± 27 μg/m3 and PM2.5 at 23.8 ± 14.1 μg/m3. For the average weight ratio (AWR) of Fe, the experimental group (R.A.: 3.28wt%, S.A.: 0.25wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 92%, while control group 1 (R.A.: 0.51wt%, S.A.: 0.28wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 45%; control group 2 (R.A: 1.37wt%, S.A: 0.55wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 60%.Conclusion: The highest rate of Fe reduction was found when both plants and waterings were applied to the biofilters. This finding is consistent with those of previous studies on the positive effects of iron oxidation associated with plant growth.
{"title":"Purification Effect of Vegetation Biofilters on Particulate Transition Metals in Multi-Use Facilities","authors":"Tae Han Kim, Jae Young Lee, Mi Ju Kim, Kyung Hun Kim, Yu Jeong Lee","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.327","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Among multi-use facilities, underground subway stations are vulnerable areas where total management of particulate matter (PM) has been implemented through the Seasonal PM Management System. Through the friction between train wheels and railsthat occurs subway stations, iron oxide particles are generated, which can cause various diseases in the human body. This study aims to explore the application of plants to biofilters as a sustainable method for reducing metallic particle pollution.Methods: The experimental group was designed based on the application of plants and waterings to biofilters. Experimental data were obtained through time-series monitoring of PM using Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) stations and SEM-EDS-based chemical species analysis of PM samples. The chemical species analysis was involved in determining the weight ratio of Fe in the particles through 15 repeated analyses of large-area samples at 100 × magnification.Results: The highest concentration of PM was found during the 4th period of the day (when days were divided into 4 periods of 6 hours each), with PM<sub>10</sub> at 46.3 ± 27 μg/m<sup>3</sup> and PM2.5 at 23.8 ± 14.1 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. For the average weight ratio (AWR) of Fe, the experimental group (R.A.: 3.28wt%, S.A.: 0.25wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 92%, while control group 1 (R.A.: 0.51wt%, S.A.: 0.28wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 45%; control group 2 (R.A: 1.37wt%, S.A: 0.55wt%) showed a reduction rate of approximately 60%.Conclusion: The highest rate of Fe reduction was found when both plants and waterings were applied to the biofilters. This finding is consistent with those of previous studies on the positive effects of iron oxidation associated with plant growth.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.379
Hee-ran Kim, Jae-sun Kim, Jun-young Jo, Won-sop Shin
Background and objective: This study was conducted to provide basic data for more active use of gardens by analyzing perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference of garden visitors.Methods: The study was conducted from April 20 to June 25, 2022 on 6 research sites including national gardens, local gardens, and private gardens, and a survey was conducted on 360 adults who agreed to participate in the study. Perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference of garden visitors were measured. Frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and simple linear regression analysis were conducted for data analysis using the SPSS Statistics 19.0.Results: The results of this study are as follows. Perceived restorativeness (F = 4.507, p < .05) and restoration outcomes (F = 3.321, p < .05) of garden visitors showed statistically significant differences by group. Preference for plants with a lot of fragrance (F = 4.125, p < .05) and large-flowered plants (F = 3.155, p < .05) showed statistically significant differences by group, and the preference was high. Perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference mostly showed significant positive correlations. Perceived restorativeness had a positive effect on restoration outcomes and plant preference, and restoration outcomes had a positive effect on plant preference.Conclusion: Gardens can serve as a restorative environment providing visitors with relaxation and psychological stability. It is necessary to reflect the design elements of a healing environment that lead to positive restorative effects on garden design and to plant preferred plants in the gardens.
{"title":"Analysis of Perceived Restorativeness, Restoration Outcomes, and Plant Preference of Garden Visitors: Focusing on National Gardens, Local Gardens, and Private Gardens","authors":"Hee-ran Kim, Jae-sun Kim, Jun-young Jo, Won-sop Shin","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.379","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: This study was conducted to provide basic data for more active use of gardens by analyzing perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference of garden visitors.Methods: The study was conducted from April 20 to June 25, 2022 on 6 research sites including national gardens, local gardens, and private gardens, and a survey was conducted on 360 adults who agreed to participate in the study. Perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference of garden visitors were measured. Frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, chi-square test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and simple linear regression analysis were conducted for data analysis using the SPSS Statistics 19.0.Results: The results of this study are as follows. Perceived restorativeness (F = 4.507, <i>p</i> < .05) and restoration outcomes (F = 3.321, <i>p</i> < .05) of garden visitors showed statistically significant differences by group. Preference for plants with a lot of fragrance (F = 4.125, <i>p</i> < .05) and large-flowered plants (F = 3.155, <i>p</i> < .05) showed statistically significant differences by group, and the preference was high. Perceived restorativeness, restoration outcomes, and plant preference mostly showed significant positive correlations. Perceived restorativeness had a positive effect on restoration outcomes and plant preference, and restoration outcomes had a positive effect on plant preference.Conclusion: Gardens can serve as a restorative environment providing visitors with relaxation and psychological stability. It is necessary to reflect the design elements of a healing environment that lead to positive restorative effects on garden design and to plant preferred plants in the gardens.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.433
Eunjin Kim, Hwayong Lee
Background and objective: University students are in a period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood, which is the time to experience new environments and roles in university. Accordingly, they may experience a great deal of stress and emotional anxiety. This study examined the changes in stress, low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) component, and affect of university students after short-term urban forest experience by season.Methods: This study was conducted in an urban forest located on the campus of Chungbuk National University. A heart rate variability (HRV) monitor and the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) were used in research conducted by season with approximately 30 male and female university students.Results: In spring, the stress of female students and HF of male students decreased, and positive affect increased and negative affect decreased in male and female students. The stress of male students decreased in summer, and negative affect of female students decreased in fall. In winter, the stress and positive affect of male students increased.Conclusion: In this study, short-term forest experiences by season led to differences in stress, LF, HF, and affective responses of university students. The results of this study can be used to create urban forests and select the best period for effectively using urban forests to relieve stress and refresh the emotions of university students.
{"title":"Effects of Short-term Urban Forest Experiences by Season on Stress and Affective Response of University Students","authors":"Eunjin Kim, Hwayong Lee","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.433","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: University students are in a period of transition from late adolescence to adulthood, which is the time to experience new environments and roles in university. Accordingly, they may experience a great deal of stress and emotional anxiety. This study examined the changes in stress, low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) component, and affect of university students after short-term urban forest experience by season.Methods: This study was conducted in an urban forest located on the campus of Chungbuk National University. A heart rate variability (HRV) monitor and the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) were used in research conducted by season with approximately 30 male and female university students.Results: In spring, the stress of female students and HF of male students decreased, and positive affect increased and negative affect decreased in male and female students. The stress of male students decreased in summer, and negative affect of female students decreased in fall. In winter, the stress and positive affect of male students increased.Conclusion: In this study, short-term forest experiences by season led to differences in stress, LF, HF, and affective responses of university students. The results of this study can be used to create urban forests and select the best period for effectively using urban forests to relieve stress and refresh the emotions of university students.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.283
Mijin Kim, Sukyoung Yun, Taegwon Chang
Background and objective: Recently, social interest in indoor plants (houseplants) has been increasing. This study was conducted to determine consumer preferences for houseplants by surveying their perception of houseplants, also referred to as “pet plants” using a conjoint analysis method.Methods: For the conjoint analysis, Attribute 1 was defined as the type of houseplants, which was divided into four levels: orchids, oriental orchids, general foliage plants, and variegated foliage plants. Attribute 2 was set as the shape of pots and was classified into two levels: square and round. Attribute 3 was set as the material of pots, and was divided into four levels: earthenware, ceramic, plastic and onggi (Korean style earthenware). Sixteen profiles were extracted through the orthogonal design using the SPSS Statistics. The survey was conducted online in December 2021, and the responses of 320 out of 332 respondents were analyzed, after unclear responses were excluded.Results: A conjoint analysis of the preference for houseplant products was conducted using part-worth function models. When purchasing houseplants, it was found that the material of pots (53.0%) was considered as the most important attribute, followed by the type of plants (34.0%), and the shape of the pots (13.0%) (Pearson's R = .991, p = .000). Foliage plants (part-worth utility = .143) for the type of plants, round shape (part-worth utility = .056) for the shape of pots, and ceramic (part-worth utility = .284) for the material of pots were preferred as a priority. Clusters with similar part-worths were established using the coefficients representing the estimated part-worths for each attribute derived from a conjoint analysis, as a variable. Cluster 1 was a group of 153 people that had 109 females (36.6%), 68 people in their 50s (22.8 %), 59 bachelor's degree holders (19.8 %), and 42 workers in flower business (14.1 %) as the majority for each demographic item. They preferred variegated foliage plants in round-shaped ceramic pots. Cluster 2 was a group of 104 people with 71 females (23.8%), 44 people in their 50s (14.8%), 47 bachelor's degree holders (15.8%), and 30 flower-related industrial workers (10.1%) for the largest share. They preferred foliage plants in round-shaped earthen pots. Cluster 3 was a group of 41 people with 32 females (10.7%), 17 people in their 50s (5.7%), 25 bachelor's degree holders (8.4%), and 9 office workers (3.0%) and 9 workers in flower businesses (3.0%) for the largest share. They preferred general foliage plants planted in round-shaped ceramic pots.Conclusion: In this study, consumers' perceptions of pet plants were confirmed. The findings can be used as basic data for the development of pet plant products, which is likely to aid houseplant producers in creating new income sources, giving positive effects to differentiated plant producers and flower shops.
背景与目的:近年来，人们对室内植物的兴趣日益浓厚。本研究通过调查消费者对室内植物(也称为“宠物植物”)的看法，使用联合分析方法来确定消费者对室内植物的偏好。方法:将属性1定义为室内植物类型，并将其划分为兰科植物、东方兰科植物、普通叶植物和杂色叶植物4个层次进行联合分析。属性2设定为锅的形状，分为方形和圆形两个层次。属性3作为陶器的材料，分为陶器、陶瓷、塑料和龙基(韩式陶器)四个层次。采用SPSS统计软件进行正交设计，提取16个剖面。该调查于2021年12月在网上进行，在332名受访者中，剔除不明确的回答，对320名受访者的回答进行了分析。结果:使用部分值函数模型对室内植物产品的偏好进行了联合分析。在购买室内植物时，人们认为花盆的材质(53.0%)是最重要的属性，其次是植物的类型(34.0%)和花盆的形状(13.0%)(Pearson’s R = 0.991， <i>p</i>=组织)。植物的类型是叶片植物(部分价值效用= .143)，花盆的形状是圆形(部分价值效用= .056)，花盆的材料是陶瓷(部分价值效用= .284)，这些都是优先考虑的。使用代表从联合分析中得出的每个属性的估计部分值的系数作为变量建立具有相似部分值的聚类。第1类是153人，其中女性109人(36.6%)、50多岁68人(22.8%)、大学学历59人(19.8%)、花卉业者42人(14.1%)占多数。他们更喜欢圆形陶瓷花盆里的杂色植物。第2类是女性71人(23.8%)、50多岁44人(14.8%)、大学学历47人(15.8%)、花卉相关产业劳动者30人(10.1%)等104人。他们更喜欢圆形陶罐里的有叶植物。第三类是女性32人(10.7%)、50多岁17人(5.7%)、大学学历25人(8.4%)、办公室职员9人(3.0%)、花卉业者9人(3.0%)等41人。他们更喜欢种植在圆形陶瓷花盆里的普通叶片植物。结论:本研究证实了消费者对宠物植物的认知。研究结果可以作为宠物植物产品开发的基础数据，帮助室内植物生产商创造新的收入来源，对差异化植物生产商和花店产生积极影响。
{"title":"An Analysis of Preference for Potted Houseplant Products Using a Conjoint Analysis Method for the Development of Pet Plant Products","authors":"Mijin Kim, Sukyoung Yun, Taegwon Chang","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.283","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Recently, social interest in indoor plants (houseplants) has been increasing. This study was conducted to determine consumer preferences for houseplants by surveying their perception of houseplants, also referred to as “pet plants” using a conjoint analysis method.Methods: For the conjoint analysis, Attribute 1 was defined as the type of houseplants, which was divided into four levels: orchids, oriental orchids, general foliage plants, and variegated foliage plants. Attribute 2 was set as the shape of pots and was classified into two levels: square and round. Attribute 3 was set as the material of pots, and was divided into four levels: earthenware, ceramic, plastic and onggi (Korean style earthenware). Sixteen profiles were extracted through the orthogonal design using the SPSS Statistics. The survey was conducted online in December 2021, and the responses of 320 out of 332 respondents were analyzed, after unclear responses were excluded.Results: A conjoint analysis of the preference for houseplant products was conducted using part-worth function models. When purchasing houseplants, it was found that the material of pots (53.0%) was considered as the most important attribute, followed by the type of plants (34.0%), and the shape of the pots (13.0%) (Pearson's R = .991, <i>p</i> = .000). Foliage plants (part-worth utility = .143) for the type of plants, round shape (part-worth utility = .056) for the shape of pots, and ceramic (part-worth utility = .284) for the material of pots were preferred as a priority. Clusters with similar part-worths were established using the coefficients representing the estimated part-worths for each attribute derived from a conjoint analysis, as a variable. Cluster 1 was a group of 153 people that had 109 females (36.6%), 68 people in their 50s (22.8 %), 59 bachelor's degree holders (19.8 %), and 42 workers in flower business (14.1 %) as the majority for each demographic item. They preferred variegated foliage plants in round-shaped ceramic pots. Cluster 2 was a group of 104 people with 71 females (23.8%), 44 people in their 50s (14.8%), 47 bachelor's degree holders (15.8%), and 30 flower-related industrial workers (10.1%) for the largest share. They preferred foliage plants in round-shaped earthen pots. Cluster 3 was a group of 41 people with 32 females (10.7%), 17 people in their 50s (5.7%), 25 bachelor's degree holders (8.4%), and 9 office workers (3.0%) and 9 workers in flower businesses (3.0%) for the largest share. They preferred general foliage plants planted in round-shaped ceramic pots.Conclusion: In this study, consumers' perceptions of pet plants were confirmed. The findings can be used as basic data for the development of pet plant products, which is likely to aid houseplant producers in creating new income sources, giving positive effects to differentiated plant producers and flower shops.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135988992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.421
Saem Lee
Background and objective: Chilgapsan Provincial Park is located at the core ecological axis of Chungcheongnam-do and consists of a high share of Level 1 biotope areas, thereby requiring policy approaches for biodiversity conservation and efforts to preserve forest ecosystem services. At the same time, policies to improve service quality for visitors are needed. In particular, it is important to improve and manage service quality according to single-destination and multi-destination travel routes by subdividing visitors. The purpose of this research is to identify visitor characteristics and satisfaction towards Chilgapsan Provincial Park in Chungcheongnam-do.Methods: This study conducted frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, and logit regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 version.Results: The results showed that landscape satisfaction was higher for single-destination visitors, but the overall satisfaction towards the provincial park was higher for multi-destination visitors. In addition, satisfaction towards amenities was low compared to other types of satisfaction. By travel route, visitors generally showed a high intention to revisit, with the mean exceeding 4 on the 5-point Likert scale. As a result of examining the effect on travel route through binomial logistic regression, The findings of this study have shown that age, landscape satisfaction, and visiting satisfaction had statistical significance.Conclusion: This study examined the variables that affect the satisfaction and revisit intention of visitors, improving the efficiency of provincial park management and operation. This study might be helpful to provide fundamental information for sustainable forestry management and policy measures associated with provincial parks.
{"title":"Analysis of Visitor Satisfaction Towards Provincial Parks According to Travel Route Choice Behavior Focusing on Chilgapsan Provincial Park in Chungcheongnam-do","authors":"Saem Lee","doi":"10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2023.26.4.421","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objective: Chilgapsan Provincial Park is located at the core ecological axis of Chungcheongnam-do and consists of a high share of Level 1 biotope areas, thereby requiring policy approaches for biodiversity conservation and efforts to preserve forest ecosystem services. At the same time, policies to improve service quality for visitors are needed. In particular, it is important to improve and manage service quality according to single-destination and multi-destination travel routes by subdividing visitors. The purpose of this research is to identify visitor characteristics and satisfaction towards Chilgapsan Provincial Park in Chungcheongnam-do.Methods: This study conducted frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, and logit regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 version.Results: The results showed that landscape satisfaction was higher for single-destination visitors, but the overall satisfaction towards the provincial park was higher for multi-destination visitors. In addition, satisfaction towards amenities was low compared to other types of satisfaction. By travel route, visitors generally showed a high intention to revisit, with the mean exceeding 4 on the 5-point Likert scale. As a result of examining the effect on travel route through binomial logistic regression, The findings of this study have shown that age, landscape satisfaction, and visiting satisfaction had statistical significance.Conclusion: This study examined the variables that affect the satisfaction and revisit intention of visitors, improving the efficiency of provincial park management and operation. This study might be helpful to provide fundamental information for sustainable forestry management and policy measures associated with provincial parks.","PeriodicalId":52383,"journal":{"name":"Journal of People, Plants, and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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