Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100271
Weiting Shan, Yibo Li, Chenyang Li
Under the background of China’s “Western Migration” policy, Northeastern China faces development challenges such as population outflow, industrial restructuring, and urban function remodeling. In this context, tourism development has become a vital pathway to promote economic revitalization while safeguarding ecological health.This study takes Shenyang City as a case to investigate how urban green spaces and slow-moving systems (pedestrian and cycling paths) can be strategically integrated for the construction and optimization of eco-tourism corridors. Using ArcGIS-based buffer and overlay analyses, the spatial distribution variability and ecological characteristics of the slow-moving system were examined. The ecological corridors were evaluated in terms of accessibility, adaptability, and connectivity between green spaces and slow-moving paths.The results reveal that Shenyang’s green spaces have a single-function bias misaligned with residents’ needs, a hierarchical imbalance between the slow-moving system and green space configuration, lagging integration in older urban areas, and an uneven distribution of accessibility between residential areas and slow-moving networks.Based on these findings, an optimization model for Shenyang’s eco-tourism corridor was established, proposing spatial strategies to integrate green land resources and slow-moving paths from a citywide perspective. These strategies aim to create multi-functional ecological corridors that enhance urban economic vitality, improve ecological services, and strengthen the synergistic role of green spaces and slow-moving systems in sustainable urban development.
{"title":"An optimization study of the eco-tourism corridor in Shenyang in the context of China’s western industrial relocation","authors":"Weiting Shan, Yibo Li, Chenyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the background of China’s “Western Migration” policy, Northeastern China faces development challenges such as population outflow, industrial restructuring, and urban function remodeling. In this context, tourism development has become a vital pathway to promote economic revitalization while safeguarding ecological health.This study takes Shenyang City as a case to investigate how urban green spaces and slow-moving systems (pedestrian and cycling paths) can be strategically integrated for the construction and optimization of eco-tourism corridors. Using ArcGIS-based buffer and overlay analyses, the spatial distribution variability and ecological characteristics of the slow-moving system were examined. The ecological corridors were evaluated in terms of accessibility, adaptability, and connectivity between green spaces and slow-moving paths.The results reveal that Shenyang’s green spaces have a single-function bias misaligned with residents’ needs, a hierarchical imbalance between the slow-moving system and green space configuration, lagging integration in older urban areas, and an uneven distribution of accessibility between residential areas and slow-moving networks.Based on these findings, an optimization model for Shenyang’s eco-tourism corridor was established, proposing spatial strategies to integrate green land resources and slow-moving paths from a citywide perspective. These strategies aim to create multi-functional ecological corridors that enhance urban economic vitality, improve ecological services, and strengthen the synergistic role of green spaces and slow-moving systems in sustainable urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100277
Robin Monnier , Erwan Personne , Patrick Stella , Laura Ferraz de Paula , Patrick Schalbart , Charlotte Roux , Bruno Peuportier
Urban greening enhances summer thermal comfort in cities; however, vegetation requires watering and reduces solar gains on buildings, potentially increasing energy consumption for heating. A methodology was developed to investigate whether the positive effects of urban trees on human health offset the increased water and energy consumption impacts. This method involves four steps: 1. Modelling the urban microclimate based on regional climatic data, accounting for vegetation effects; 2. Evaluating indoor temperatures and possible overheating using building thermal simulation; 3. Deriving the damage of overheating on human health, and 4. Performing a life cycle assessment.
This process was applied to a case study on an urban greening project, including renovating an existing social housing building. According to the results, urban greening thanks to trees allows a decrease in outdoor air temperature around 1.7 °C (median value, 1.3 °C and 2.0 °C for 10th and 90th percentile, resp.) and a decrease in indoor temperature around 0.4 °C (median value; 0.25 °C and 0.55 for 10th and 90th percentile, resp.) during the five weeks heat wave period. Some life-cycle environmental impacts were reduced, particularly those related to damage to human health (−12.5 %), with limited impact transfer. The impact reduction due to energy savings from building renovation is higher.
While many cities invest in urban greening projects, the importance of energy renovation is often overlooked. This prioritisation may be questioned, and the analysis presented in this article could serve as a valuable tool in guiding decision-making. By using the same indicator (Disability-Adjusted Life Years, DALY) to express life cycle and overheating-related impacts, this approach enables the integration of mitigation and adaptation in decision-making processes.
{"title":"Balancing positive and negative environmental impacts of urban greening considering future climate: A case study in the Paris region, France","authors":"Robin Monnier , Erwan Personne , Patrick Stella , Laura Ferraz de Paula , Patrick Schalbart , Charlotte Roux , Bruno Peuportier","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban greening enhances summer thermal comfort in cities; however, vegetation requires watering and reduces solar gains on buildings, potentially increasing energy consumption for heating. A methodology was developed to investigate whether the positive effects of urban trees on human health offset the increased water and energy consumption impacts. This method involves four steps: 1. Modelling the urban microclimate based on regional climatic data, accounting for vegetation effects; 2. Evaluating indoor temperatures and possible overheating using building thermal simulation; 3. Deriving the damage of overheating on human health, and 4. Performing a life cycle assessment.</div><div>This process was applied to a case study on an urban greening project, including renovating an existing social housing building. According to the results, urban greening thanks to trees allows a decrease in outdoor air temperature around 1.7 °C (median value, 1.3 °C and 2.0 °C for 10th and 90th percentile, resp.) and a decrease in indoor temperature around 0.4 °C (median value; 0.25 °C and 0.55 for 10th and 90th percentile, resp.) during the five weeks heat wave period. Some life-cycle environmental impacts were reduced, particularly those related to damage to human health (−12.5 %), with limited impact transfer. The impact reduction due to energy savings from building renovation is higher.</div><div>While many cities invest in urban greening projects, the importance of energy renovation is often overlooked. This prioritisation may be questioned, and the analysis presented in this article could serve as a valuable tool in guiding decision-making. By using the same indicator (Disability-Adjusted Life Years, DALY) to express life cycle and overheating-related impacts, this approach enables the integration of mitigation and adaptation in decision-making processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100287
Zhang Boyu , Xie Xiaomin , Huang Zhen , Cao Haoyu
Rapid urbanization has produced dense building clusters and narrow street canyons that inhibit pollutant dispersion. This study employs high-resolution three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, using an unsteady hybrid Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (DDES) approach, of a representative street canyon on Huaihai Middle Road (Shanghai) to investigate flow structures and CO2 dispersion for inflow angles and inlet wind speeds. The numerical model was validated against wind-tunnel measurements and reproduces primary vortex formation, bimodal vertical concentration profiles, and shear-layer separation. Key findings are that oblique inflow (notably 30° and 60°) induces asymmetric dual-vortex and multi-vortex states and multiple spatially distinct concentration maxima; low wind speeds produce enlarged vortices, longer residence times, and persistently high mean concentrations, whereas higher speeds improve mean dilution but increase instantaneous variability and the frequency of short-lived high-exposure events. Velocity and concentration fields are strongly coupled: coherent turbulent structures synchronize vortex shedding and concentration fluctuations. These results imply that monitoring and mitigation should address both mean and transient exposures. Dense or mobile sensor arrays with high temporal resolution are required to capture pulsed peaks, and urban-design measures (cross-canyon connectivity, targeted façade permeability, and strategically sited ventilation corridors) can substantially alter pedestrian-level exposure.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of flow characteristics and pollutant distribution in 3D urban street canyons","authors":"Zhang Boyu , Xie Xiaomin , Huang Zhen , Cao Haoyu","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanization has produced dense building clusters and narrow street canyons that inhibit pollutant dispersion. This study employs high-resolution three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, using an unsteady hybrid Delayed Detached-Eddy Simulation (DDES) approach, of a representative street canyon on Huaihai Middle Road (Shanghai) to investigate flow structures and CO<sub>2</sub> dispersion for inflow angles and inlet wind speeds. The numerical model was validated against wind-tunnel measurements and reproduces primary vortex formation, bimodal vertical concentration profiles, and shear-layer separation. Key findings are that oblique inflow (notably 30° and 60°) induces asymmetric dual-vortex and multi-vortex states and multiple spatially distinct concentration maxima; low wind speeds produce enlarged vortices, longer residence times, and persistently high mean concentrations, whereas higher speeds improve mean dilution but increase instantaneous variability and the frequency of short-lived high-exposure events. Velocity and concentration fields are strongly coupled: coherent turbulent structures synchronize vortex shedding and concentration fluctuations. These results imply that monitoring and mitigation should address both mean and transient exposures. Dense or mobile sensor arrays with high temporal resolution are required to capture pulsed peaks, and urban-design measures (cross-canyon connectivity, targeted façade permeability, and strategically sited ventilation corridors) can substantially alter pedestrian-level exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100324
Shuhui Chen , Xinmeng Yao , Feifan Wang , Manli Wang , Baojie Hua , Jing Guo , Ding Ye , Xiaohui Sun , Yingying Mao , Jiayu Li
While ambient air pollution is a recognized risk factor for various diseases, its specific link to esophagitis and esophageal ulcer remains poorly understood. Similarly, the potential role of residential water space is unclear. This study aimed to examine the individual and combined associations of ambient air pollution and residential water space with the risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer. We included 399,766 UK Biobank participants who were free of these conditions at baseline. Incident cases were identified via hospital records using ICD-10 codes (K20, K21.0, and K22.1). Exposures to ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, NO2, and NOx) and residential water space (at 300 m and 1000 m buffers) were estimated using land-use regression models and spatial datasets. Cox proportional hazards models revealed that higher exposures to PM2.5 (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10–1.19), NO2 (HR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06–1.15), and NOx (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.12–1.22) were associated with an increased risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer. Conversely, greater exposures to water space at both 300 m (HR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91–0.98) and 1000 m (HR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.88–0.95) buffers were associated with a reduced risk. Mediation analyses indicated that 10.49% to 43.03% of the inverse association between water space and esophageal outcomes was statistically mediated by attenuated exposure to PM2.5 and NOx. These findings suggest that PM2.5, NO2, and NOx are associated with an elevated risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer, whereas residential water space is associated with a reduced risk.
{"title":"Air pollutants, water space, and the risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer: a cohort study from the UK Biobank","authors":"Shuhui Chen , Xinmeng Yao , Feifan Wang , Manli Wang , Baojie Hua , Jing Guo , Ding Ye , Xiaohui Sun , Yingying Mao , Jiayu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While ambient air pollution is a recognized risk factor for various diseases, its specific link to esophagitis and esophageal ulcer remains poorly understood. Similarly, the potential role of residential water space is unclear. This study aimed to examine the individual and combined associations of ambient air pollution and residential water space with the risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer. We included 399,766 UK Biobank participants who were free of these conditions at baseline. Incident cases were identified via hospital records using ICD-10 codes (K20, K21.0, and K22.1). Exposures to ambient air pollutants (PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>coarse</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, and NO<sub>x</sub>) and residential water space (at 300 m and 1000 m buffers) were estimated using land-use regression models and spatial datasets. Cox proportional hazards models revealed that higher exposures to PM<sub>2.5</sub> (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10–1.19), NO<sub>2</sub> (HR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.06–1.15), and NO<sub>x</sub> (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.12–1.22) were associated with an increased risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer. Conversely, greater exposures to water space at both 300 m (HR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91–0.98) and 1000 m (HR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.88–0.95) buffers were associated with a reduced risk. Mediation analyses indicated that 10.49% to 43.03% of the inverse association between water space and esophageal outcomes was statistically mediated by attenuated exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub>. These findings suggest that PM<sub>2.5,</sub> NO<sub>2</sub>, and NO<sub>x</sub> are associated with an elevated risk of esophagitis and esophageal ulcer, whereas residential water space is associated with a reduced risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coastal ecosystems hold critical economic value for local communities, national economies, and global markets, as they support livelihoods through tourism, natural resources and essential environmental services (e.g., protection from coastal erosion, climate change mitigation). However, anthropogenic drivers such as industrial expansion, loss of agricultural lands, excessive tourism, alongside natural disasters, place considerable pressure on coastal environments. The value of coastal ecosystems is recognized by a range of policy frameworks, ranging from the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-14) to the 2014/89/EU Directive, and in the Mediterranean basin, by the Barcelona Convention. In this paper, we conducted an analysis of land-cover change between 2000–2020, which presents valuable first-time available evidence on the evolution of coastal land dynamics in Cyprus. A 10-kilometer-wide coastal buffer zone was designated around the island to facilitate targeted land-use investigations. Land-cover data was derived from the GlobeLand30 2000 and 2020 datasets (Kappa coefficient: 0.78; accuracy level: 80.63%) and the analysis was conducted using the ArcGIS software employing spatial statistics (mainly focal statistics at a 10x10 pixel neighbourhood) and heatmap visualisations (incl. different bandwidth specifications) The results demonstrate an expansion of urban pressures, especially in the vicinity of the island’s major tourist hotspots, including Larnaca, Paphos, and Limassol, and significant changes related to the rise of croplands. The major land-use transitions identified in this research are associated with the sparse vegetation and the croplands classes that transitioned into the built-up class. Significantly, the overall calculated areas of land conversions to the built-up class neared almost 5 km2. By contributing new data on an environmental challenge that has not been previously examined by comparable studies in the context of Cyprus, this study aspires to serve as a future framework for analogous investigations across the Mediterranean basin.
{"title":"Land cover dynamics in Cyprus: land use transitions between 2000 and 2020 across a coastal buffer zone","authors":"Dimitrios Koumoulidis , Dimitrios Mpormpoudakis , Ioannis Varvaris , Mariza Kaskara , Charalambos Kontoes , Diofantos Hadjimitsis","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal ecosystems hold critical economic value for local communities, national economies, and global markets, as they support livelihoods through tourism, natural resources and essential environmental services (e.g., protection from coastal erosion, climate change mitigation). However, anthropogenic drivers such as industrial expansion, loss of agricultural lands, excessive tourism, alongside natural disasters, place considerable pressure on coastal environments. The value of coastal ecosystems is recognized by a range of policy frameworks, ranging from the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-14) to the 2014/89/EU Directive, and in the Mediterranean basin, by the Barcelona Convention. In this paper, we conducted an analysis of land-cover change between 2000–2020, which presents valuable first-time available evidence on the evolution of coastal land dynamics in Cyprus. A 10-kilometer-wide coastal buffer zone was designated around the island to facilitate targeted land-use investigations. Land-cover data was derived from the GlobeLand30 2000 and 2020 datasets (Kappa coefficient: 0.78; accuracy level: 80.63%) and the analysis was conducted using the ArcGIS software employing spatial statistics (mainly focal statistics at a 10x10 pixel neighbourhood) and heatmap visualisations (incl. different bandwidth specifications) The results demonstrate an expansion of urban pressures, especially in the vicinity of the island’s major tourist hotspots, including Larnaca, Paphos, and Limassol, and significant changes related to the rise of croplands. The major land-use transitions identified in this research are associated with the sparse vegetation and the croplands classes that transitioned into the built-up class. Significantly, the overall calculated areas of land conversions to the built-up class neared almost 5 km<sup>2</sup>. By contributing new data on an environmental challenge that has not been previously examined by comparable studies in the context of Cyprus, this study aspires to serve as a future framework for analogous investigations across the Mediterranean basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100290
Fatemeh Derakhshan, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver
This study investigates the different effects of the geometry, orientation and layout of two adjacent tall buildings on the surrounding microclimate conditions using a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in Ansys Fluent software and microclimate modeling in Envi-met software. In addition, field measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were conducted under different weather conditions to validate and complement the simulations, providing a more robust assessment. Unlike most previous studies that focused on single tall buildings, this study uniquely examines the combined aerodynamic and microclimate effects of two adjacent tall buildings with different orientations and the same height in a real semi-arid context. The findings show that building orientation and shape strongly affect wind speed, temperature, and humidity. One building produced wind speeds about three times higher, creating corridor effects and thermal fluctuations (−2.30 to + 0.35 K/h). The other generated weaker airflow but a steadier cooling trend with variable humidity. Simulations also revealed stagnation zones with high humidity behind buildings and drier conditions on windward sides. Overall, high wind speed alone does not ensure pedestrian comfort; instead, geometry, orientation, and height interact to determine whether airflow improves ventilation and cooling or promotes heat and moisture buildup. These results highlight the need to integrate aerodynamic and microclimatic responses into tall building design, offering guidance for climate-responsive urban planning in semi-arid cities.
{"title":"Microclimatic responses to adjacent tall buildings: coupled effects of form and orientation","authors":"Fatemeh Derakhshan, Mehrdad Karimimoshaver","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the different effects of the geometry, orientation and layout of two adjacent tall buildings on the surrounding microclimate conditions using a combination of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in Ansys Fluent software and microclimate modeling in Envi-met software. In addition, field measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were conducted under different weather conditions to validate and complement the simulations, providing a more robust assessment. Unlike most previous studies that focused on single tall buildings, this study uniquely examines the combined aerodynamic and microclimate effects of two adjacent tall buildings with different orientations and the same height in a real semi-arid context. The findings show that building orientation and shape strongly affect wind speed, temperature, and humidity. One building produced wind speeds about three times higher, creating corridor effects and thermal fluctuations (−2.30 to + 0.35 K/h). The other generated weaker airflow but a steadier cooling trend with variable humidity. Simulations also revealed stagnation zones with high humidity behind buildings and drier conditions on windward sides. Overall, high wind speed alone does not ensure pedestrian comfort; instead, geometry, orientation, and height interact to determine whether airflow improves ventilation and cooling or promotes heat and moisture buildup. These results highlight the need to integrate aerodynamic and microclimatic responses into tall building design, offering guidance for climate-responsive urban planning in semi-arid cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100294
Yu-Yun Liu , Yin-Hao Chiu , Sung-Ta Liu
Climate change intensifies urban heat, affecting residents’ use of low-carbon transportation and participation in outdoor activities. This study surveyed six municipalities in Taiwan to assess how different population groups respond under normal and high-temperature conditions. Latent profile analysis of survey data identified five psycho-behavioral segments—HeatSensitive, TransportSensitive, HeatEndurer, HeatProofer, and OutdoorSensitive—each exhibiting distinct psychographic, socioeconomic, regional, and behavioral characteristics. Results indicate that high temperatures significantly reduce intentions to engage in low-carbon transportation and outdoor activities, with older adults and lower-income groups being most affected. In contrast, residents with higher socioeconomic status demonstrate greater resilience, maintaining both mobility and outdoor activity. These findings highlight the need for targeted policy interventions, including climate adaptation communications, transit-oriented urban planning, and shaded public spaces, to promote inclusive, equitable, and climate-resilient urban adaptation strategies.
{"title":"Effects of high urban temperatures on use of low-carbon transportation and participation in outdoor physical activities","authors":"Yu-Yun Liu , Yin-Hao Chiu , Sung-Ta Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2026.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change intensifies urban heat, affecting residents’ use of low-carbon transportation and participation in outdoor activities. This study surveyed six municipalities in Taiwan to assess how different population groups respond under normal and high-temperature conditions. Latent profile analysis of survey data identified five psycho-behavioral segments—HeatSensitive, TransportSensitive, HeatEndurer, HeatProofer, and OutdoorSensitive—each exhibiting distinct psychographic, socioeconomic, regional, and behavioral characteristics. Results indicate that high temperatures significantly reduce intentions to engage in low-carbon transportation and outdoor activities, with older adults and lower-income groups being most affected. In contrast, residents with higher socioeconomic status demonstrate greater resilience, maintaining both mobility and outdoor activity. These findings highlight the need for targeted policy interventions, including climate adaptation communications, transit-oriented urban planning, and shaded public spaces, to promote inclusive, equitable, and climate-resilient urban adaptation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The environment plays a critical role in public health and sustainable community development. Enhancing Environmental Health Literacy (EHL) is essential for mitigating health risks, improving quality of life, and promoting environmental protection. However, as a relatively new concept, EHL remains conceptually ambiguous and requires further clarification. This study aimed to explore and redefine EHL while identifying its core dimensions. Using an exploratory qualitative approach, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 35 experts in public health and environmental sciences, as well as 30 diverse adults from Tehran, capital of Iran. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling between February and October 2024. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis guided by Graneheim and Lundman’s approach. Analysis resulted in 620 initial codes that were organized into 18 subcategories and six main dimensions of EHL: cognitive, affective, behavioral, media, basic, and communication literacy. Additionally, two overarching conceptual approaches emerged—environment-oriented and content-oriented—reflecting differences in how participants viewed the environments relevant to EHL and the disciplinary domains that inform its content. By integrating multidisciplinary expert insights with lived perspectives from adults, this study provides a comprehensive, contextually grounded conceptualization of EHL. The findings provide a foundation for developing assessment tools, designing targeted educational programs, and formulating policies to enhance EHL across diverse settings. By equipping individuals and communities with EHL to navigate environmental risks, this research underscores its role in shaping effective public health interventions, promoting environmental sustainability, and enhancing resilience in both urban and non-urban contexts.
{"title":"Environmental health literacy: an exploratory conceptual redefinition and explanation structuralized from comprehensive multidisciplinary expert perspectives along with public insights","authors":"Leili Mazar , Sakineh Rakhshanderou , Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpei , Mohtasham Ghaffari","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environment plays a critical role in public health and sustainable community development. Enhancing Environmental Health Literacy (EHL) is essential for mitigating health risks, improving quality of life, and promoting environmental protection. However, as a relatively new concept, EHL remains conceptually ambiguous and requires further clarification. This study aimed to explore and redefine EHL while identifying its core dimensions. Using an exploratory qualitative approach, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 35 experts in public health and environmental sciences, as well as 30 diverse adults from Tehran, capital of Iran. Participants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling between February and October 2024. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis guided by Graneheim and Lundman’s approach. Analysis resulted in 620 initial codes that were organized into 18 subcategories and six main dimensions of EHL: cognitive, affective, behavioral, media, basic, and communication literacy. Additionally, two overarching conceptual approaches emerged—environment-oriented and content-oriented—reflecting differences in how participants viewed the environments relevant to EHL and the disciplinary domains that inform its content. By integrating multidisciplinary expert insights with lived perspectives from adults, this study provides a comprehensive, contextually grounded conceptualization of EHL. The findings provide a foundation for developing assessment tools, designing targeted educational programs, and formulating policies to enhance EHL across diverse settings. By equipping individuals and communities with EHL to navigate environmental risks, this research underscores its role in shaping effective public health interventions, promoting environmental sustainability, and enhancing resilience in both urban and non-urban contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100282
Nouar AlDahoul , Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan , Faidhalrahman Khaleel , Ali NajahAhmed , Riyadh Alsultani , Saif Saad Mansoor , Muhammed Basheer Jasser , Mohsen Sherif , Ahmed El-Shafie
Accurate and timely prediction of ozone concentrations is critical for meteorological monitoring and developing effective environmental policies, promoting both resilience and sustainability, as prolonged exposure to elevated pollutant levels poses significant risks to human health and ecosystem integrity. In fact, ozone concentration monitoring and reduction align with global efforts to reduce its negative impact on air pollution (SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being) and enhance urban environmental resilience (SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities). However, the complex physicochemical processes governing tropospheric ozone formation present substantial challenges for precise modeling. Recent advancements in data-driven machine-learning approaches have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing these challenges, particularly in predicting ozone concentrations. Deep learning models, in particular, have been employed to analyze ozone data as time series, leveraging historical concentration values collected over hours or days. Despite these advancements, opportunities remain for enhancing predictive accuracy through the application of state-of-the-art attention-based architectures, such as the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Transformer model. This study investigates the efficacy of the self-attention mechanism in predicting ozone concentrations across three monitoring stations in Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur (KL), Putrajaya (PJ), and Klang, using hourly data for the duration between 2012 and 2019, which have been collected from the Department of Environment (DOE). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability (NRES). The results reveal exceptional performance, with high coefficients of determination (R2) and low mean squared errors (MSE) achieved for PJ, KL, and Klang. Furthermore, the Transformer model significantly reduced both training and inference times (70 s and 1 s, respectively) compared to the LSTM model (110 s and 7.7 s), particularly when long-term historical ozone data is required for prediction. These findings highlight the robust capabilities of self-attention mechanisms in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of ozone concentration forecasting, warranting further investigation and validation across diverse urban environments globally and contributing to sustainable urban planning and resilience of environmental monitoring systems.
{"title":"Leveraging the Self-Attention Mechanism: Cutting-Edge predictive modeling for ozone concentration dynamics","authors":"Nouar AlDahoul , Haitham Abdulmohsin Afan , Faidhalrahman Khaleel , Ali NajahAhmed , Riyadh Alsultani , Saif Saad Mansoor , Muhammed Basheer Jasser , Mohsen Sherif , Ahmed El-Shafie","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate and timely prediction of ozone concentrations is critical for meteorological monitoring and developing effective environmental policies, promoting both resilience and sustainability, as prolonged exposure to elevated pollutant levels poses significant risks to human health and ecosystem integrity. In fact, ozone concentration monitoring and reduction align with global efforts to reduce its negative impact on air pollution (SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being) and enhance urban environmental resilience (SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities). However, the complex physicochemical processes governing tropospheric ozone formation present substantial challenges for precise modeling. Recent advancements in data-driven machine-learning approaches have demonstrated considerable potential in addressing these challenges, particularly in predicting ozone concentrations. Deep learning models, in particular, have been employed to analyze ozone data as time series, leveraging historical concentration values collected over hours or days. Despite these advancements, opportunities remain for enhancing predictive accuracy through the application of state-of-the-art attention-based architectures, such as the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Transformer model. This study investigates the efficacy of the self-attention mechanism in predicting ozone concentrations across three monitoring stations in Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur (KL), Putrajaya (PJ), and <u>Klang</u>, using hourly data for the duration between 2012 and 2019, which have been collected from the Department of Environment (DOE). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability (NRES). The results reveal exceptional performance, with high coefficients of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) and low mean squared errors (MSE) achieved for PJ, KL, and Klang. Furthermore, the Transformer model significantly reduced both training and inference times (70 s and 1 s, respectively) compared to the LSTM model (110 s and 7.7 s), particularly when long-term historical ozone data is required for prediction. These findings highlight the robust capabilities of self-attention mechanisms in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of ozone concentration forecasting, warranting further investigation and validation across diverse urban environments globally and contributing to sustainable urban planning and resilience of environmental monitoring systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100284
Jiayang Hu , Florence Gignac , Sam Pickard , Paloma Trascasa Castro , Eren Duzenli , Dragana Bojovic
Continuously rising temperatures due to climate change allow extreme heat-related risks to persist throughout the entire day. While daytime and nighttime heat are well distinguished in climate research, the social inequities and adaptation strategies linked to nighttime heat remain overlooked. This short communication proposes a multidimensional perspective to nighttime heat, combining recent climate data, vulnerability analysis and urban adaptation strategies. Using Barcelona, Spain, as a city of reference, we discuss how localized urban heat islands, limited access to climate shelters, and stressors like traffic noise levels intersect to shape heat risk and climate injustice at night. Building an equitable climate resilience to nighttime heat means not only mapping where heat remains at night but also designing strategies for night hours and broadening how heat vulnerability is assessed. This piece calls on both researchers and practitioners to consider climate science, social equity and urban policy through a nighttime lens, and consequently, to ensure a more comprehensive way to support vulnerable population groups.
{"title":"When the sun goes down, heat vulnerability remains","authors":"Jiayang Hu , Florence Gignac , Sam Pickard , Paloma Trascasa Castro , Eren Duzenli , Dragana Bojovic","doi":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuously rising temperatures due to climate change allow extreme heat-related risks to persist throughout the entire day. While daytime and nighttime heat are well distinguished in climate research, the social inequities and adaptation strategies linked to nighttime heat remain overlooked. This short communication proposes a multidimensional perspective to nighttime heat, combining recent climate data, vulnerability analysis and urban adaptation strategies. Using Barcelona, Spain, as a city of reference, we discuss how localized urban heat islands, limited access to climate shelters, and stressors like traffic noise levels intersect to shape heat risk and climate injustice at night. Building an equitable climate resilience to nighttime heat means not only mapping where heat remains at night but also designing strategies for night hours and broadening how heat vulnerability is assessed. This piece calls on both researchers and practitioners to consider climate science, social equity and urban policy through a nighttime lens, and consequently, to ensure a more comprehensive way to support vulnerable population groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52395,"journal":{"name":"City and Environment Interactions","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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