City and Environment Interactions最新文献_第5页

Urban heat island in the tropics: A review of advances, challenges, and future directions 热带城市热岛：进展、挑战和未来方向综述

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100265

A. Lefevre, B. Malet-Damour, H. Boyer, G. Rivière

Urban Heat Islands (UHI), characterized by elevated temperatures in urban areas compared to their rural surroundings, represent a growing concern in the context of climate change, particularly in tropical regions. While UHI research has advanced significantly in temperate zones, tropical climates have received comparatively less systematic attention, despite their high vulnerability to global warming and rapid urbanization. This review systematically analyzes UHI studies conducted in tropical contexts between 2000 and 2024, using the PRISMA methodology. A total of 508 documents were identified through Dimensions.ai using search terms such as “Urban Heat Island” AND “Tropical” or “Tropics”. After screening and eligibility assessment, 156 studies were included. The review covers experimental and numerical approaches, remote sensing methods, and solution-oriented strategies across multiple urban scales. The term ”tropics” here encompasses regions located between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, although considerable climatic, socio-economic, and geographical diversity exists within this band. Our findings highlight a concentration of research in large metropolitan areas, with medium and smaller cities often overlooked. The lack of microclimate or neighborhood-scale and multiparameter analyses limits our understanding of localized UHI dynamics and the applicability of mitigation strategies. We identify the need for more holistic, interdisciplinary approaches that integrate diverse climate parameters and locally validated models tailored to the combined complexity of tropical climates and urban environments. Expanding UHI research in underrepresented regions and adopting multiscale strategies are crucial for advancing inclusive, climate-resilient urban planning in the tropics.

城市热岛（UHI）的特点是城市地区的温度比农村地区高，在气候变化的背景下，特别是在热带地区，日益受到关注。虽然热岛研究在温带取得了重大进展，但热带气候受到的系统关注相对较少，尽管它们极易受到全球变暖和快速城市化的影响。本综述使用PRISMA方法系统分析了2000年至2024年间在热带地区开展的热岛指数研究。通过Dimensions共确定了508个文档。使用“城市热岛”和“热带”或“热带”等搜索词。经过筛选和资格评估，纳入156项研究。该综述涵盖了实验和数值方法、遥感方法以及跨多个城市尺度的面向解决方案的策略。这里的“热带”一词包括位于北回归线和南回归线之间的地区，尽管在这一区域内存在着相当大的气候、社会经济和地理多样性。我们的发现强调了研究集中在大都市地区，而中小城市往往被忽视。缺乏小气候或社区尺度和多参数分析限制了我们对局部热岛动态的理解和缓解策略的适用性。我们认为需要更全面、跨学科的方法，将不同的气候参数和适合热带气候和城市环境综合复杂性的本地验证模型整合在一起。在代表性不足的地区扩大城市热岛研究并采取多尺度战略，对于推进热带地区包容性和气候适应型城市规划至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Built-up expansion and urban land use trade-offs in peri-urban Cotonou (Benin), West Africa: A scenario-based remote sensing approach 西非贝宁科托努城郊建筑扩张与城市土地利用权衡：基于场景的遥感方法

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100263

Sèdjro David Igor Thierry Kévin Ahouandjinou , Carlo Sodalo , Raoul Kouagou Sambieni , Abdel Aziz Osseni , Arcadius Yves Justin Akossou , Jan Bogaert

In sub-Saharan Africa, understanding how urban land use and land cover (LULC) are changing is key to assessing the vulnerability of peri-urban ecosystems and improving spatial planning strategies. This study analyzes the dynamics of built-up expansion and associated land use trade-offs in the municipalities surrounding Cotonou, Benin, from 2002 to 2023, and simulates urban spatial growth trajectories to 2050 under three contrasting development scenarios. Multispectral Landsat imagery was classified using the Random Forest algorithm, and scenario-based projections were generated through the Land Change Modeler (LCM) in TerrSet. Classification accuracies were high (Kappa > 0.98), ensuring the reliability of results. Over the two-decade period, built-up/bare soil areas expanded by 12 %, while vegetation and others areas declined by 11.8 %, reflecting a moderate diffusion pattern and medium-speed urban spatial growth. Scenario projections indicate continued land conversion under the Rapid Economic Growth and Current Trend scenarios, primarily at the expense of vegetated areas. In contrast, the Green-city scenario highlights the potential for reversing land degradation through reforestation and spatial containment. These findings reveal critical trade-offs between development and environmental conservation, and demonstrate the value of scenario-based remote sensing approaches for guiding sustainable urban planning in rapidly transforming urban fringes of coastal West Africa.

在撒哈拉以南非洲，了解城市土地利用和土地覆盖（LULC）如何变化是评估城市周边生态系统脆弱性和改进空间规划策略的关键。本研究分析了2002 - 2023年贝宁科托努周边城市建成区扩张和相关土地利用权衡的动态，并模拟了三种不同发展情景下至2050年的城市空间增长轨迹。使用随机森林算法对多光谱Landsat图像进行分类，并通过terset中的土地变化建模器（Land Change Modeler， LCM）生成基于场景的预测。分类准确率高（Kappa > 0.98），保证了结果的可靠性。20年期间，建成区/光秃区面积增加了12%，植被和其他面积减少了11.8%，反映出中等扩散格局和中速城市空间增长。情景预测表明，在快速经济增长和当前趋势情景下，土地转换仍在继续，主要是以牺牲植被地区为代价。相比之下，绿色城市方案强调通过重新造林和空间控制扭转土地退化的潜力。这些发现揭示了发展与环境保护之间的关键权衡，并证明了基于场景的遥感方法在指导快速转变的西非沿海城市边缘的可持续城市规划方面的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying the cooling intensity of urban green spaces (UGSs) on land surface temperature (LST) in Hanoi metropolitan Area, Vietnam 越南河内都市圈地表温度对城市绿地降温强度的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100264

Kim-Anh Nguyen , Minh-Tin Thai , Tewabe Melkamu , Truong-Vinh Le , Yuei-An Liou

The urban heat island (UHI) effect poses growing environmental and public health challenges in rapidly urbanizing regions. This study quantifies the cooling intensity of Urban Green Spaces (UGS) on Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Hanoi Metropolitan Area, Vietnam. A five-year composite (2020–2024) of Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) data, supplemented by a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), was processed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE). The LST was retrieved via a validated split-window algorithm and examined alongside key satellite indices, including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Relative Surface Evapotranspiration Index (RSETI), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). The cooling capacity of UGS was quantified through the decay analysis across buffer zones, revealing a summer LST reduction of up to 2.14 °C within a 100 m radius, with the effect tapering beyond 800 m. To further explore LST responses under land use/land cover (LULC) change and climate warming scenarios, the Random Forest model was applied. Simulation results indicated that a 10 % increase in vegetation cover reduced LST by 0.56 °C in summer and 0.30 °C in winter, whereas a 10 % decrease led to increases of 0.58 °C and 0.36 °C, respectively. Under a projected + 1.5 °C climate warming scenario, these cooling gains were fully offset, resulting in net LST increases of 0.94 °C in summer and 1.2 °C in winter. Moreover, thermal stress conditions were evaluated utilizing the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI). Vegetation expansion increased thermally comfortable zones (UTFVI < 0) from a baseline of 50–55 % to 60–65 % of urban area, while vegetation loss intensified thermal hotspots (UTFVI ≥ 0), expanding stressed zones to 55–60 %. In conclusion, these findings offer critical, data-driven insights for urban planners, emphasizing the strategic role of green infrastructure in mitigating urban heat and enhancing climate resilience in densely populated environments.

城市热岛效应对快速城市化地区的环境和公共卫生构成越来越大的挑战。本文研究了越南河内都市圈城市绿地（UGS）对地表温度（LST）的降温强度。利用谷歌地球引擎（GEE）处理了Landsat 8操作陆地成像仪（OLI）和热红外传感器（TIRS）数据的五年复合数据（2020-2024），并辅以数字高程模型（DEM）。通过一种经过验证的分窗算法获取地表温度，并与归一化植被指数（NDVI）、相对地表蒸散指数（RSETI）和归一化建筑指数（NDBI）等关键卫星指数进行比较。通过对缓冲区的衰减分析，量化了UGS的冷却能力，发现在100 m半径范围内，夏季地表温度降低了2.14°C，超过800 m后，效果逐渐减弱。为了进一步探讨土地利用/土地覆盖（LULC）变化和气候变暖情景下地表温度的响应，采用随机森林模型。模拟结果表明，植被覆盖度每增加10%，夏季和冬季地表温度分别降低0.56°C和0.30°C，而植被覆盖度每减少10%，夏季和冬季地表温度分别升高0.58°C和0.36°C。在预估的+ 1.5°C气候变暖情景下，这些降温收益被完全抵消，导致夏季净地表温度增加0.94°C，冬季净地表温度增加1.2°C。此外，利用城市热场方差指数（UTFVI）对热应力条件进行了评价。植被扩张使热舒适区（UTFVI < 0）从50 - 55%的基线增加到60 - 65%，而植被损失加剧了热热点区（UTFVI≥0），使应力区扩大到55 - 60%。总之，这些发现为城市规划者提供了关键的数据驱动见解，强调了绿色基础设施在人口密集环境中缓解城市热量和增强气候适应能力方面的战略作用。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of real-time thermal conditions and thermal perceptions on public attitudes toward urban-cooling strategies 实时热条件和热感知对公众对城市降温策略态度的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100262

Yu Zhang , Yuta Uchiyama , Masayuki Sato

Improving the increasingly severe urban thermal environment depends on environmental policies, and public attitudes toward these policies directly influence governance outcomes. Previous studies have mainly investigated demographic and socio-economic factors. However, research on how thermal conditions and subjective perceptions shape public attitudes toward urban cooling strategies remains scarce. Integrating on-site climatic measurements into questionnaire surveys, this study investigated public attitudes toward urban-cooling strategies in two typical parks in Kobe and Osaka in Japan and analyzed the influence of real-time thermal conditions and perception. The results showed that tree shading was the most preferred cooling measure, with over 70 % approval, while a similar proportion of respondents expressed an urgency for temporary cooling spaces and resilient-city strategies. Middle-aged respondents and women were about 1.5 times more likely than others to support these measures. Higher air temperatures increased support for water facilities, with each 1 °C rise enhancing endorsement likelihood by 52 %, whereas higher humidity reduced support for water-based solutions. Thermal perception indicators, particularly thermal acceptability, had stronger effects than thermal conditions. Greater thermal acceptability was linked to a 16 % lower likelihood of supporting artificial shade, an 11 % lower likelihood of supporting ground-material improvements, and a 12–16 % lower likelihood of perceiving macro-level strategies as urgent. This study demonstrates that public attitudes toward urban cooling strategies are dynamic, shaped by thermal conditions and subjective thermal perception, and offers guidance for prioritizing long-term greening, informing the deployment of temporary interventions, and targeting sensitive groups in urban thermal governance in humid subtropical climates (Köppen Cfa).

改善日益严峻的城市热环境有赖于环境政策，而公众对这些政策的态度直接影响着治理效果。以往的研究主要是调查人口和社会经济因素。然而，关于热条件和主观感知如何影响公众对城市冷却策略的态度的研究仍然很少。本研究将现场气候测量与问卷调查相结合，调查了日本神户和大阪两个典型公园的公众对城市降温策略的态度，并分析了实时热条件和感知的影响。结果表明，树木遮阳是最受欢迎的冷却措施，获得了超过70%的批准，而类似比例的受访者表示迫切需要临时冷却空间和弹性城市战略。中年受访者和女性支持这些措施的可能性是其他人的1.5倍。较高的气温增加了对水设施的支持，每升高1°C，支持的可能性就增加52%，而较高的湿度则降低了对水基解决方案的支持。热感觉指标，特别是热可接受性，比热条件有更强的影响。更高的热可接受性与支持人工遮荫的可能性降低16%，支持地面材料改进的可能性降低11%，以及认为宏观层面战略紧迫的可能性降低12 - 16%有关。该研究表明，公众对城市降温策略的态度是动态的，受热条件和主观热感知的影响，为确定长期绿化的优先顺序、为临时干预措施的部署提供了指导，并为湿润亚热带气候下城市热治理的敏感群体提供了指导（Köppen Cfa）。

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引用次数: 0

What will a circular city look like? A systematic literature review of urban circular economy applications and their implications for research and practice 圆形城市会是什么样子？对城市循环经济的应用及其对研究和实践的启示进行系统的文献综述

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100261

Alexandre Coussa

This review explores Circular Economy (CE) applications in urban contexts and their implications for practice, and research. By making sense of concrete challenges of implementing the urban circular economy (UCE) and creating circular value in urban areas, this article addresses an important but under-explored gap in the literature, providing solid foundations for understanding UCE applications and related value creation. The paper follows a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. First through keywords mapping, four main research axes are identified: waste management, new forms of urbanity, green ecosystems, and circular governance. Those are then reviewed through a content analysis of 135 articles that make sense of their applications and main issues. Lastly finding’ implications are examined using various theoretical lenses, including CE classification, circular business models (CBM), institutional theories, sustainability transition theory (STT), and industrial ecology (IE). Overall, the article identifies promising but understudied areas, such as economics, business models, and urban studies, meanwhile research in the “hard sciences” is very active. UCE applications span from low-value technocratic fixes to more transformative initiatives. While many mitigate urban externalities and contribute to address global change issues, others aim to reshape urban paradigms but often lack scalability. Another challenge for cities will be to move towards high-value CE strategies, develop urban CBMs, overcome systemic barriers, and integrate inclusive governance and resilience into urban design. To achieve a scalable and regenerative urban future, UCE will need to be advanced through more in-depth research, supportive policies, and systemic changes in knowledge, behaviors, and urban construction practices.

本文探讨了循环经济在城市环境中的应用及其对实践和研究的影响。通过理解实施城市循环经济（UCE）和在城市地区创造循环价值的具体挑战，本文解决了文献中一个重要但未被探索的空白，为理解UCE应用和相关价值创造提供了坚实的基础。本文遵循PRISMA指南进行系统审查。首先通过关键词映射，确定了四个主要的研究轴：废物管理、新形式的城市、绿色生态系统和循环治理。然后通过对135篇文章的内容分析来审查这些文章，以理解它们的应用和主要问题。最后，本文运用不同的理论视角，包括环保分类、循环商业模式（CBM）、制度理论、可持续发展转型理论（STT）和产业生态学（IE），对研究结果进行了分析。总的来说，这篇文章指出了有前途但研究不足的领域，如经济学、商业模式和城市研究，同时“硬科学”的研究非常活跃。UCE应用程序从低价值的技术官僚修复到更具变革性的计划。虽然许多方法减轻了城市外部性并有助于解决全球变化问题，但其他方法旨在重塑城市范例，但往往缺乏可扩展性。城市面临的另一个挑战将是转向高价值的环境建筑战略，发展城市信任机制，克服系统性障碍，并将包容性治理和韧性纳入城市设计。为了实现可扩展和可再生的城市未来，需要通过更深入的研究、支持性政策以及知识、行为和城市建设实践的系统性变革来推进UCE。

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引用次数: 0

Revealing the coupling mechanism of Socio-Ecological networks and their collaborative governance pathways from complex network Insight 从复杂网络视角揭示社会生态网络耦合机制及其协同治理路径

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100259

Qiuming Sun , Yu Wang , Langong Hou , Tao Liu , Shidong Li

Socio-ecological networks capture the interactions between human activities and ecosystems, offering a scientific basis for environmental management and resource conservation. While policy documents play a central role in ecological governance through legal and institutional mechanisms, limited attention has been paid to how policy transmission linkages within urban agglomerations shape ecological outcomes. This study investigates the Chengdu Plain Urban Agglomeration from a complex network perspective, constructing ecological and policy transmission networks and integrating them into a socio-ecological framework. Social network analysis and QAP methods are applied to examine network structures, interrelationships, and coupling mechanisms between policy transmission and ecological conservation. The results reveal three key findings. First, the socio-ecological network presents a multi-level structure centered on the “Ya’an–Chengdu” axis, with a small number of core cities sustaining overall connectivity and information flow. Second, the system exhibits a “partial coupling” pattern. While Chengdu lacks core ecological attributes, it functions as a coupling hub that bridges institutional and ecological misalignments through centralized policy resources and information flows, highlighting the differentiated roles of core cities. Third, comprehensive service policies strongly enhance cross-domain and cross-level integration, serving as the primary driver of ecological governance. By contrast, geographic proximity exerts a significant adverse effect, indicating that functional complementarity and institutional coordination—rather than spatial closeness—are the primary drivers of inter-city linkages. Overall, this study elucidates the mechanisms by which policy transmission influences ecological connections, providing empirical insights for strengthening regional cooperation and promoting high-quality ecological governance in urban agglomerations.

社会生态网络捕捉人类活动与生态系统之间的相互作用，为环境管理和资源保护提供科学依据。虽然政策文件通过法律和体制机制在生态治理中发挥核心作用，但对城市群内部政策传导联系如何影响生态结果的关注有限。本研究从复杂网络视角考察成都平原城市群，构建生态与政策传导网络，并将其整合到社会生态框架中。运用社会网络分析和QAP方法研究政策传导与生态保护之间的网络结构、相互关系和耦合机制。研究结果揭示了三个关键发现。第一，社会生态网络呈现以“雅安-成都”轴线为中心的多层次结构，少数核心城市保持整体连通性和信息流。其次，系统呈现“部分耦合”模式。虽然成都缺乏核心生态属性，但它通过集中的政策资源和信息流，发挥了连接制度和生态失调的耦合枢纽作用，突出了核心城市的差异化作用。第三，综合服务政策有力促进了跨领域、跨层次的融合，是生态治理的主动力。相比之下，地理邻近性对城市间联系产生了显著的不利影响，表明功能互补和制度协调才是城市间联系的主要驱动因素，而不是空间上的紧密性。总体而言，本研究阐明了政策传导影响生态联系的机制，为加强区域合作、促进城市群高质量生态治理提供了实证见解。

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引用次数: 0

Impact characteristics and interaction effects of built environment on street space quality in megacities: A case study of Xi’an, China 特大城市建成环境对街道空间质量的影响特征及交互效应——以西安市为例

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100257

Zuobin Wu , Mengde Zheng , Tianxin Zhang

The rapid process of urbanization has led to widespread issues of uneven street space quality, insufficient comfort, and inadequate governance in mega-cities. In-depth research into how built environment factors influence street space quality is of significant theoretical and practical importance. This study focuses on the central urban area of Xi’an, a mega-city in China, and constructs an index system for the built environment that covers four dimensions: spatial structure, interface landscape, functional vitality, and traffic conditions, comprising 19 variables. Utilizing multi-source data, such as street view images, points of interest (POIs), and architectural data, and employing the LightGBM machine learning model in conjunction with SHAP interpretability analysis, this paper reveals the non-linear impacts of built environment variables on street space quality and their interactions. The study finds that: (1) The influence of various built environment dimensions on street space quality varies significantly, with spatial structure being the most critical dimension, particularly the environmental openness index, street scale perception, and interface enclosure index; (2) The relationship between variables and street space quality is non-linear, with key threshold intervals identified. For example, the environmental openness index, green view index, and interface richness index show significant improvements in quality within specific ranges, whereas interface enclosure and travel convenience exhibit negative effects beyond certain thresholds; (3) There are significant and complex interactions between variables, with the synergistic or inhibitory effects of environmental openness, building height, and traffic facility density being particularly pronounced. This research offers a new theoretical perspective and methodological foundation for understanding the formation mechanisms of street space quality, providing valuable empirical evidence and optimization pathways for spatial governance and the development of high-quality streets in mega-cities.

快速的城市化进程导致特大城市普遍存在街道空间质量参差不齐、舒适性不足和治理不力等问题。深入研究建筑环境因素对街道空间质量的影响具有重要的理论和实践意义。本研究以特大城市西安中心城区为研究对象，构建了包含空间结构、界面景观、功能活力和交通条件四个维度、19个变量的建成环境指标体系。利用街景图像、兴趣点（poi）和建筑数据等多源数据，结合SHAP可解释性分析，采用LightGBM机器学习模型，揭示了建筑环境变量对街道空间质量的非线性影响及其相互作用。研究发现：(1)各建成环境维度对街道空间质量的影响差异显著，其中空间结构是最关键的维度，尤其是环境开放指数、街道尺度感知指数和界面围护指数；(2)各变量与街道空间质量呈非线性关系，并确定了关键阈值区间。例如，环境开放指数、绿色景观指数和界面丰富度指数在一定范围内表现出显著的质量改善，而界面封闭和出行便利性在一定范围内表现出负面影响；(3)各变量之间存在显著而复杂的相互作用，环境开放程度、建筑高度和交通设施密度的协同或抑制作用尤为显著。本研究为理解街道空间质量形成机制提供了新的理论视角和方法基础，为超大城市空间治理和高质量街道发展提供了宝贵的经验证据和优化路径。

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引用次数: 0

A Context-Sensitive framework for public space Transformation: Morphometrics and ethnography in Chengdu’s Ma’an neighbourhood 公共空间转型的语境敏感框架：成都马安街区的形态计量学与民族志

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100255

Yaozhong Zhang , Branka Dimitrijevic , Ombretta Romice

This research formulates a context-sensitive classification framework for the evaluation of public spaces within rapidly urbanizing Chinese neighbourhoods, with the objective of informing regeneration strategies that reconcile modernization with cultural heritage preservation. Focusing on Chengdu’s partially developed Ma’an neighbourhood, the study investigates the transformation of five public space typologies, e.g., street frontages, public open spaces, public green spaces, semi-public areas, and corridor spaces, under contemporary urban pressures. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating historical mapping, urban morphometric analysis, and ethnographic fieldwork, including site observation and semi-structured interviews with residents and local stakeholders. Findings indicate that spatial reconfiguration has altered accessibility, patterns of use, and collective identity. The study is guided by three research questions: (1) How have public spaces in the Ma’an neighbourhood changed under the pressures of urban modernisation? (2) What socio-cultural consequences have these changes had for community identity and social cohesion? (3) How can the Ma’an case inform strategies for balancing redevelopment with cultural preservation? The results show that traditional spatial types continue to support localized interactions and cultural memory, whereas newer spaces prioritize multifunctional and commercial uses. In doing so, the study contributes to theoretical discussions in urban morphology and socio-cultural geography while offering a replicable public space classification framework for cultural heritage-sensitive urban renewal applicable to transitional neighbourhoods in China nationally and in comparable contexts.

本研究为快速城市化的中国社区内的公共空间评估制定了一个语境敏感的分类框架，目的是为协调现代化与文化遗产保护的再生策略提供信息。本研究以成都部分开发的马安街区为研究对象，探讨了在当代城市压力下，街道临街、公共开放空间、公共绿地、半公共区域和廊道空间等五种公共空间类型的转变。研究采用了混合方法，将历史制图、城市形态计量学分析和民族志田野调查结合起来，包括现场观察和对居民和当地利益相关者的半结构化访谈。研究结果表明，空间重构改变了可达性、使用模式和集体认同。本研究以三个研究问题为指导：(1)在城市现代化的压力下，马安社区的公共空间发生了怎样的变化？(2)这些变化对社区认同和社会凝聚力产生了什么社会文化影响？(3)马安案例如何为平衡重建与文化保护的策略提供参考？结果表明，传统的空间类型继续支持本地化的互动和文化记忆，而新的空间优先考虑多功能和商业用途。在此过程中，本研究为城市形态学和社会文化地理学的理论讨论做出了贡献，同时为文化遗产敏感型城市更新提供了一个可复制的公共空间分类框架，适用于中国全国和类似背景下的过渡街区。

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引用次数: 0

From element paradigm to dynamic paradigm: Urban evolution research based on fundamental dynamic models 从要素范式到动态范式：基于基本动态模型的城市演化研究

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100258

Xin Li , Ting Yang , Zhiqiang Siegfried Wu

Against the backdrop of accelerating global urbanization and technological transformation, research on urban evolution based on the element paradigm focuses on static resources and dynamic factors, yet struggles to capture the nonlinear changes inherent in urban evolutionary processes. Studies employing the spatial paradigm can dynamically analyze the evolution of urban spatial structures, but the accuracy of such models is significantly hampered by policy interventions and institutional disruptions. In contrast, the dynamic paradigm, through empirical research, reveals common characteristics in the urban evolution of different nations. However, it still faces limitations in delineating the stages of urbanization processes and explaining the non-standard interactions between urbanization and the economy. To address these gaps, this study synthesizes findings from urban evolution research grounded in the dynamic paradigm. It constructs an analytical framework for urban evolution based on basic laws of fundamental dynamic patterns. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative empirical frameworks, the research summarizes the basic laws of urban evolution and establishes a theoretical dynamic model of urban evolution. The study utilizes a database foundation comprising statistical indicators of urbanization rates and GDP per capita for 193 United Nations member states from 1960 to 2022. Employing a classification method based on the steady-state characteristics and trend characteristics of urbanization, the statistical indicators were decomposed into sample groups with shared features for rigorous statistical analysis. The results indicate that the three-stage division of the urbanization process, as summarized by Northam through observation, aligns with the structure of maximum variance between different stages. However, a finer subdivision into six steady-state stage mean intervals better reflects the inherent complexity of urban evolution, leading to the identification of six evolutionary stages in urban evolution. Secondly, a dynamic analysis of all interactive phenomena between the urbanization rate and GDP per capita allows their categorization into four characteristic states of interactive evolution based on two dimensions: the tide of urban and rural migration and economic growth. Finally, by integrating the evolutionary stages of the city with the distinctive states of its interactive development, we establish the urban evolution model that links urbanization and the economy. This provides a solid theoretical foundation and empirical support for the scientific diagnosis of urban evolution quality and the formulate of targeted policies.

在全球城市化和技术转型加速的背景下，基于要素范式的城市演化研究侧重于静态资源和动态因素，难以捕捉城市演化过程中固有的非线性变化。采用空间范式的研究可以动态分析城市空间结构的演变，但这种模型的准确性受到政策干预和制度干扰的严重影响。而动态范式则通过实证研究揭示了不同国家城市演进的共同特征。然而，它在描述城市化进程的阶段和解释城市化与经济之间的非标准相互作用方面仍然存在局限性。为了解决这些差距，本研究综合了基于动态范式的城市演变研究结果。基于基本动态格局的基本规律，构建了城市演化的分析框架。采用定量与定性相结合的实证框架，总结了城市演化的基本规律，建立了城市演化的理论动态模型。该研究利用了一个数据库基础，该数据库包括193个联合国成员国从1960年到2022年的城市化率和人均GDP统计指标。采用基于城镇化稳态特征和趋势特征的分类方法，将统计指标分解为具有共同特征的样本组，进行严格的统计分析。结果表明，Northam通过观测总结的城市化进程的三阶段划分符合不同阶段间方差最大的结构。然而，将城市演化划分为6个稳定阶段均值区间更能反映城市演化的内在复杂性，从而识别出城市演化的6个演化阶段。其次，对城镇化率与人均GDP之间的所有互动现象进行动态分析，根据城乡人口迁移和经济增长两个维度，将其划分为四种互动演变的特征状态。最后，将城市的演化阶段与城市互动发展的不同状态相结合，建立了将城市化与经济联系起来的城市演化模型。这为科学诊断城市演化质量和制定有针对性的政策提供了坚实的理论基础和实证支持。

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引用次数: 0

Concentration, source identification and risk assessment of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at a kindergarten school in Kigali, Rwanda 卢旺达基加利一所幼儿园大气多环芳烃浓度、来源鉴定和风险评估

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

City and Environment Interactions

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100260

Augustine Omodieke, Egide Kalisa

Africa has the world’s youngest population, with 40 % aged between 0 and 15 years, and it remains the region most affected by air pollution. In many African cities, kindergarten schools are often located in high-density and polluted urban environments with high levels of hazardous pollutants, including atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Compared to the rest of the world, limited studies have quantified the exposure to and associated health risks of PAHs in schools in Africa. This study first characterizes and identifies sources of atmospheric PAH and assesses the health risks at a kindergarten school in Rwanda. Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) was collected during the dry and wet seasons using a mini-volume air sampler, and 16 PAHs were characterized using gas chromatography. The total mean concentration of 16 PAHs was higher in the dry season (52.7 ± 21.9 ng/m³) than in the wet season (49.5 ± 14.7 ng/m³) and exceeded the levels reported in kindergarten schools in high-income countries. Source analysis using PAH diagnostic ratios and correlation analysis of PAHs with black carbon from biomass burning and fossil fuel showed that wood burning for cooking fuel and diesel traffic emissions were the main sources of PAHs at the kindergarten school. The estimated cancer risk level significantly exceeded the World Health Organization’s safe limit and indicates that children at kindergarten in Rwanda are exposed to high levels of toxic PAHs. Immediate attention is required, and schools should consider implementing policies and interventions to reduce children’s exposure to air pollution at kindergarten schools.

非洲拥有世界上最年轻的人口，40%的人口年龄在0至15岁之间，非洲仍然是受空气污染影响最严重的地区。在许多非洲城市，幼儿园往往位于人口密集和污染严重的城市环境中，有害污染物含量高，包括大气中的多环芳烃。与世界其他地区相比，有限的研究量化了非洲学校接触多环芳烃的情况和相关的健康风险。本研究首先描述并确定了大气中多环芳烃的来源，并评估了卢旺达一所幼儿园的健康风险。在干湿季节采用小体积空气采样器采集细颗粒物（PM2.5），并采用气相色谱法对16种多环芳烃进行表征。16种多环芳烃的总平均浓度在旱季（52.7±21.9 ng/m3）高于雨季（49.5±14.7 ng/m3），超过了高收入国家幼儿园报告的水平。采用多环芳烃诊断比进行源分析，并对多环芳烃与生物质燃烧和化石燃料产生的黑碳进行相关性分析，结果表明：柴火燃烧和柴油交通排放是该幼儿园学校多环芳烃的主要来源。估计的癌症风险水平大大超过了世界卫生组织的安全限度，并表明卢旺达幼儿园的儿童暴露于高水平的有毒多环芳烃。需要立即引起注意，学校应考虑实施政策和干预措施，以减少儿童在幼儿园接触空气污染。

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引用次数: 0