Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-11-24
L. V. Olkhova, O. Zheludkova, L. Zubarovskaya, A. S. Levashov, A. Smirnova, Y. Dinikina, Y. Kushel’, A. Melikyan, S. K. Gorelyshev, M. Ryzhova, Y. Trunin, A. Gevorgyan, O. Polushkina, V. Popov, L. Privalova, N. Yudina, D. Pogorelov, S. Gorbatykh, N. Vorobyov, N. A. Plakhotina, N. Martynova, T. Y. Skvortcova, A. Zaychikov, M. Mushinskaya, D. Sakun, L. Minkina, E. V. Shchepkina
Introduction. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) of the central nervous system (CNS) belongs to the embryonic group, occurs mainly in children under 3 years of age and is characterized by an extremely aggressive clinical course and unfavorable outcome. However, there is not enough data about the heterogeneity of the clinical course of CNS ATRT and the role of clinical and therapeutic prognostic factors in patients under 1 year of age and 1–3 years of age.The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of treatment results in children with CNS ATRT in the indicated age groups.Materials and methods. From 2008 till 2021 years 106 patients were included in this study. Each patient underwent a therapeutic program according to determined protocol (ATRT-2006, MUV-ATRT, EU-RHAB and individual variant). All patients were divided into 2 groups according to age: from 1 to 12 months – 41 patients, from 13 to 36 months – 65. Median of the age was 16 (9–23) months. These cohorts of patients (1–12 months and 13–36 months) were comparable in clinical and therapeutic characteristics depending on gender, localization of the primary tumor site, stage of the disease, extent of surgical resection, therapeutic protocol, number of patients, who underwent radiation therapy (RT), high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT), intrathecal/ intraventricular chemotherapy.Results. At the time of analysis 48 (45.3 %) patients were alive, 58 (54.7 %) patients died, of whom 52 (90 %) from disease progression and 6 (10 %) from therapeutic complications. One-year progression-free survival (PFS) in the group from 1 to 12 months was 32 %, 2-year – 18 %, 5-year – 18 %; one-year overall survival (OS) – 53 %, 2-year – 29 %, 5-year – 25 % with a median follow-up 8 and 13 months respectively. One-year PFS in the group from 13 to 36 months was 61 %, 2-year – 36 %, 5-year – 33 %; one-year OS – 86 %, 2-year – 67 %, 5-year – 49 % with a median follow-up 19 and 38 months respectively. In our study we identified the main predictors of the PFS and OS improvement in patients with ATRT CNS of each age group. In the 1–12 month group, these factors were: absence of metastatic involvement, MUV-ATRT therapeutic protocol, RT and HDCT with auto-HSCT; in the 13–36 months group: gross total/near gross total resection of the primary tumor cite, ATRT-2006 therapeutic protocol and RT.Conclusion. Despite the fact, that the presence of a diagnosis of ATRT CNS in children under 3 years of age is usually associated with a high risk of disease progression and recurrence, the results of our study demonstrate the heterogeneity of the clinical and therapeutic profile in this age group of patients.
{"title":"Comparative treatment results of children with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor of the central nervous system in the younger age group","authors":"L. V. Olkhova, O. Zheludkova, L. Zubarovskaya, A. S. Levashov, A. Smirnova, Y. Dinikina, Y. Kushel’, A. Melikyan, S. K. Gorelyshev, M. Ryzhova, Y. Trunin, A. Gevorgyan, O. Polushkina, V. Popov, L. Privalova, N. Yudina, D. Pogorelov, S. Gorbatykh, N. Vorobyov, N. A. Plakhotina, N. Martynova, T. Y. Skvortcova, A. Zaychikov, M. Mushinskaya, D. Sakun, L. Minkina, E. V. Shchepkina","doi":"10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-11-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-11-24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) of the central nervous system (CNS) belongs to the embryonic group, occurs mainly in children under 3 years of age and is characterized by an extremely aggressive clinical course and unfavorable outcome. However, there is not enough data about the heterogeneity of the clinical course of CNS ATRT and the role of clinical and therapeutic prognostic factors in patients under 1 year of age and 1–3 years of age.The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative evaluation of treatment results in children with CNS ATRT in the indicated age groups.Materials and methods. From 2008 till 2021 years 106 patients were included in this study. Each patient underwent a therapeutic program according to determined protocol (ATRT-2006, MUV-ATRT, EU-RHAB and individual variant). All patients were divided into 2 groups according to age: from 1 to 12 months – 41 patients, from 13 to 36 months – 65. Median of the age was 16 (9–23) months. These cohorts of patients (1–12 months and 13–36 months) were comparable in clinical and therapeutic characteristics depending on gender, localization of the primary tumor site, stage of the disease, extent of surgical resection, therapeutic protocol, number of patients, who underwent radiation therapy (RT), high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT), intrathecal/ intraventricular chemotherapy.Results. At the time of analysis 48 (45.3 %) patients were alive, 58 (54.7 %) patients died, of whom 52 (90 %) from disease progression and 6 (10 %) from therapeutic complications. One-year progression-free survival (PFS) in the group from 1 to 12 months was 32 %, 2-year – 18 %, 5-year – 18 %; one-year overall survival (OS) – 53 %, 2-year – 29 %, 5-year – 25 % with a median follow-up 8 and 13 months respectively. One-year PFS in the group from 13 to 36 months was 61 %, 2-year – 36 %, 5-year – 33 %; one-year OS – 86 %, 2-year – 67 %, 5-year – 49 % with a median follow-up 19 and 38 months respectively. In our study we identified the main predictors of the PFS and OS improvement in patients with ATRT CNS of each age group. In the 1–12 month group, these factors were: absence of metastatic involvement, MUV-ATRT therapeutic protocol, RT and HDCT with auto-HSCT; in the 13–36 months group: gross total/near gross total resection of the primary tumor cite, ATRT-2006 therapeutic protocol and RT.Conclusion. Despite the fact, that the presence of a diagnosis of ATRT CNS in children under 3 years of age is usually associated with a high risk of disease progression and recurrence, the results of our study demonstrate the heterogeneity of the clinical and therapeutic profile in this age group of patients.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85926247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-49-56
Y. V. Artemenko, T. R. Panferova, T. Ushakova, E. Mikhailova
The aim of this work is to evaluate the informativity of the ultrasound (US) in detecting retinoblastoma (RB) and the local invasion of the tumor in children using modern multi-purpose ultrasound scanners.Materials and methods. This study included 108 patients (216 eyes) examined for suspected RB. RB was diagnosed in 91 patients, 60 children had unilateral tumor, 31 – bilateral tumor (122 eyes). In the remaining 17 children (20 eyes damaged), different non-tumor pathology of the eye was revealed. Among 122 eyes affected by RB, 51 were removed with subsequent histological examination. 27 eyes were removed before treatment, 24 – after chemotherapy.Results. In our study the informativity of ultrasound in detecting RB are: sensitivity – 98.4 %, specificity – 96.8 %, accuracy – 97.7 %. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in assessing tumor invasion to the anterior segment of the eye are 36.4 %, 95.0 % and 82.4 % respectively, to the vitreous body – 97.7 %, 100 % and 97.9 %, to the optic nerve – 54.5 %, 57.1 % and 54.9 %.Conclusion. US examination using linear transducers of 9–18 MHz is highly informative in detecting RB, however, some indicators of the effectiveness in assessing local invasion are not high enough, due to the technical possibilities of the method. One possible way to improve the informativity – to use deep sedation during US examination.
{"title":"Evaluation of ultrasound examination informativity in diagnosing retinoblastoma","authors":"Y. V. Artemenko, T. R. Panferova, T. Ushakova, E. Mikhailova","doi":"10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21682/2311-1267-2023-10-1-49-56","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to evaluate the informativity of the ultrasound (US) in detecting retinoblastoma (RB) and the local invasion of the tumor in children using modern multi-purpose ultrasound scanners.Materials and methods. This study included 108 patients (216 eyes) examined for suspected RB. RB was diagnosed in 91 patients, 60 children had unilateral tumor, 31 – bilateral tumor (122 eyes). In the remaining 17 children (20 eyes damaged), different non-tumor pathology of the eye was revealed. Among 122 eyes affected by RB, 51 were removed with subsequent histological examination. 27 eyes were removed before treatment, 24 – after chemotherapy.Results. In our study the informativity of ultrasound in detecting RB are: sensitivity – 98.4 %, specificity – 96.8 %, accuracy – 97.7 %. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in assessing tumor invasion to the anterior segment of the eye are 36.4 %, 95.0 % and 82.4 % respectively, to the vitreous body – 97.7 %, 100 % and 97.9 %, to the optic nerve – 54.5 %, 57.1 % and 54.9 %.Conclusion. US examination using linear transducers of 9–18 MHz is highly informative in detecting RB, however, some indicators of the effectiveness in assessing local invasion are not high enough, due to the technical possibilities of the method. One possible way to improve the informativity – to use deep sedation during US examination.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90197756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-s1-1-60
E. Editorial
{"title":"PROCEEDINGS of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference of students and young scientists SPERANSKY READINGS-2023 (Moscow, 15 March 2023)","authors":"E. Editorial","doi":"10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-s1-1-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-s1-1-60","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85118741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kamaeva, I. Lysenko, M. Engibaryan, M. Gusareva, V. M. Legostaev, Tatyana O. Lapteva, N. Nikolaeva, Y. Gaysultanova, E. Kapuza, Natalya Yu. Samaneva, Y. Ulyanova, V. L. Volkova, M. V. Bauzhadze, Gennadiy V. Balizkiy, E. A. Tolmacheva
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common variant of non-Hodgkins lymphoma and accounts for 3060% of all non-Hodgkins lymphomas, with increasing incidence increases with age. Currently, the prognosis is assessed using the International Prognostic Index. In recent years, in all European regions, there has been a significant improvement in survival in DLBCL due to the addition of rituximab to standard chemotherapy (CHOP protocol). However, despite significant advances in treatment, long-term remission is only achieved in half of the patients. Laryngeal lesions with this variant of lymphomas is described only in a few articles. There is evidence of various chemotherapeutic regimens effective in this type of lymphoma; in some publications, the authors suggest the use of radiation therapy. The article presents a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient (chemotherapy + radiation therapy) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with laryngeal involvement. with resulting remission. In addition, a review of the literature describing the most common types of lymphomas is presented. The authors set a goal to raise the awareness of physicians about a rare histological variant of laryngeal tumors with a rapid increase in clinical manifestations and the development of life-threatening conditions.
{"title":"Rare clinical case of diffuse B-large cell lymphoma with laryngeal lesion","authors":"I. Kamaeva, I. Lysenko, M. Engibaryan, M. Gusareva, V. M. Legostaev, Tatyana O. Lapteva, N. Nikolaeva, Y. Gaysultanova, E. Kapuza, Natalya Yu. Samaneva, Y. Ulyanova, V. L. Volkova, M. V. Bauzhadze, Gennadiy V. Balizkiy, E. A. Tolmacheva","doi":"10.17816/onco109580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco109580","url":null,"abstract":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common variant of non-Hodgkins lymphoma and accounts for 3060% of all non-Hodgkins lymphomas, with increasing incidence increases with age. Currently, the prognosis is assessed using the International Prognostic Index. In recent years, in all European regions, there has been a significant improvement in survival in DLBCL due to the addition of rituximab to standard chemotherapy (CHOP protocol). However, despite significant advances in treatment, long-term remission is only achieved in half of the patients. Laryngeal lesions with this variant of lymphomas is described only in a few articles. There is evidence of various chemotherapeutic regimens effective in this type of lymphoma; in some publications, the authors suggest the use of radiation therapy. \u0000The article presents a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient (chemotherapy + radiation therapy) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with laryngeal involvement. with resulting remission. In addition, a review of the literature describing the most common types of lymphomas is presented. The authors set a goal to raise the awareness of physicians about a rare histological variant of laryngeal tumors with a rapid increase in clinical manifestations and the development of life-threatening conditions.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87218877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daria A. Dashkova, Aleksandra R. Esimbekova, K. V. Kotova, T. Ruksha
BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence is a stress response, triggered by various stimuli such as chemotherapy treatment and causes G0/G1 cell cycle arrest followed by the production of a senescence associated secretory phenotype. p53 considered to be a modulator of these events although the precise mechanisms of it remains not clear. AIMS: To determine the non-apoptotic functions of the p53 protein the formation of the senescence associated secretory phenotype phenotype of melanoma cells under the treatment of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on BRO and SK-MEL-2 skin melanoma cell lines. Melanoma cells were were treated by cytostatic agent dacarbazine. Then immunocytochemical study was performed to determine the proportion of G0-positive cells and the expression of the tumor suppressor protein p53. A bioinformatic analysis was accomplished to identify for p53 regulators with determining of miR-155-5p levels in exosomes released by dacarbazine-treated melanoma cells. RESULTS: The cytostatic drug dacarbazine increases the proportion of cells residing in the G0 phase of the cell cycle. Onco-microRNA miR-155-5p was expressed in the exosomes of the two studied cell lines BRO and SK-MEL-2 of skin melanoma. Changes in the expression level of p53 correlate with changes in miR-155-5p microRNA expression. The absence of changes in p53 expression in BRO melanoma cells may be due to the absence of changes in miR-155-5p expression levels. In the BRO cell line, no changes in the expression of the oncosuppressor p53 were observed with an increased percentage of G0-positive cells, which may be associated with the activation of other mechanisms of cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. CONCLUSIONS: Heterogeneous effect of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine on melanoma cells was revealed. For the SK-MEL-2 cell line, dacarbazine induces the release of senescence associated secretory phenotype by inhibiting exosomal production of miR-155-5p, which activates the p53 oncosuppressor, which was not observed in the BRO line.
{"title":"MiR-155-5p-mediated increase in p53 content induced by dacarbazine in melanoma cells","authors":"Daria A. Dashkova, Aleksandra R. Esimbekova, K. V. Kotova, T. Ruksha","doi":"10.17816/onco107182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco107182","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence is a stress response, triggered by various stimuli such as chemotherapy treatment and causes G0/G1 cell cycle arrest followed by the production of a senescence associated secretory phenotype. p53 considered to be a modulator of these events although the precise mechanisms of it remains not clear. \u0000AIMS: To determine the non-apoptotic functions of the p53 protein the formation of the senescence associated secretory phenotype phenotype of melanoma cells under the treatment of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on BRO and SK-MEL-2 skin melanoma cell lines. Melanoma cells were were treated by cytostatic agent dacarbazine. Then immunocytochemical study was performed to determine the proportion of G0-positive cells and the expression of the tumor suppressor protein p53. A bioinformatic analysis was accomplished to identify for p53 regulators with determining of miR-155-5p levels in exosomes released by dacarbazine-treated melanoma cells. \u0000RESULTS: The cytostatic drug dacarbazine increases the proportion of cells residing in the G0 phase of the cell cycle. Onco-microRNA miR-155-5p was expressed in the exosomes of the two studied cell lines BRO and SK-MEL-2 of skin melanoma. Changes in the expression level of p53 correlate with changes in miR-155-5p microRNA expression. The absence of changes in p53 expression in BRO melanoma cells may be due to the absence of changes in miR-155-5p expression levels. In the BRO cell line, no changes in the expression of the oncosuppressor p53 were observed with an increased percentage of G0-positive cells, which may be associated with the activation of other mechanisms of cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Heterogeneous effect of the cytostatic agent dacarbazine on melanoma cells was revealed. For the SK-MEL-2 cell line, dacarbazine induces the release of senescence associated secretory phenotype by inhibiting exosomal production of miR-155-5p, which activates the p53 oncosuppressor, which was not observed in the BRO line.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"212 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79433645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander Fedorovich Lazarev, since 1980, has been actively engaged in teaching activities as an assistant, and after defending his doctoral dissertation, as a professor at the Department of Oncology of the Altai State Medical University. From 2000 to the present, Professor A.F. Lazarev Head of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Radiation Diagnostics with the FVE course of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Altai State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. A.F. Lazarev is the editor-in-chief of the Russian Journal of Oncology, Moscow (2012), a member of the editorial boards of the journal Issues of Oncology, Eurasian Journal of Oncology, Russian Journal of Biotherapy. Professor A.F. Lazarev the author of 70 monographs and collections of scientific papers, has more than 2500 scientific articles and publications, 67 students finished candidate and doctoral dissertations under his supervision.
Alexander Fedorovich Lazarev，自1980年以来，作为助教积极从事教学活动，在完成博士论文答辩后，担任阿尔泰国立医科大学肿瘤系教授。从2000年至今，A.F. Lazarev教授是俄罗斯联邦卫生部联邦国家预算高等教育机构阿尔泰国立医科大学肿瘤、放射治疗和放射诊断学系主任。A.F. Lazarev是俄罗斯肿瘤学杂志的主编，莫斯科(2012年)，肿瘤学问题杂志，欧亚肿瘤学杂志，俄罗斯生物疗法杂志的编辑委员会成员。拉扎列夫教授著有70部专著和科学论文集，发表了2500多篇科学论文和出版物，在他的指导下完成了67名学生的研究生和博士论文。
{"title":"Anniversary: Alexander Lazarev","authors":"Elena V. Peshkova","doi":"10.17816/onco111154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco111154","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander Fedorovich Lazarev, since 1980, has been actively engaged in teaching activities as an assistant, and after defending his doctoral dissertation, as a professor at the Department of Oncology of the Altai State Medical University. From 2000 to the present, Professor A.F. Lazarev Head of the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy and Radiation Diagnostics with the FVE course of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Altai State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. A.F. Lazarev is the editor-in-chief of the Russian Journal of Oncology, Moscow (2012), a member of the editorial boards of the journal Issues of Oncology, Eurasian Journal of Oncology, Russian Journal of Biotherapy. Professor A.F. Lazarev the author of 70 monographs and collections of scientific papers, has more than 2500 scientific articles and publications, 67 students finished candidate and doctoral dissertations under his supervision.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79109927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Tikhonov, Mikael M. Vinokurov, Nadezhda S. Kipriyanova, M. Golubenko
There is a hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction and mutations in the mitochondrial genome may play an important role in the carcinogenesis; however, despite many years of research, this issue is still the subject of scientific discussion. The review reflects modern views on the role of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome in the development of breast cancer. Sources were searched in Pubmed and eLIBRARY.RU databases for the past 10 years and in article references. Articles were selected that contained data from case-control studies of breast cancer and studies of cybrid cells. The survey of experimental and association studies has shown that the mitochondrial genome determines the characteristics of cellular metabolism in human populations at the global (by macrohaplogroups L, M, N), landscape (by haplogroups), population (by subhaplogroups), and individual levels (by SNPs, insertions, deletions) and can determine predisposition to cancer. Single nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and mitochondrial DNA copy number decline are not specific for breast cancer. Nevertheless, mitochondria have been experimentally shown to be directly involved in the development of malignant neoplasms in experimental animals. It is likely that mitochondrial involvement in carcinogenesis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, in which nuclear-mitochondrial relationships are disrupted. On the other hand, mutations with too strong effect, i.e., completely disrupting mitochondrial function, lose their tumorigenic potential. Mutations, deletions and changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number are undoubtedly associated with the development of breast cancer, being one of the most important elements of a complex web of numerous interactions.
有一种假说认为线粒体功能障碍和线粒体基因组突变可能在癌变过程中起重要作用;然而，尽管经过多年的研究，这个问题仍然是科学讨论的主题。该综述反映了线粒体和线粒体基因组在乳腺癌发展中的作用的现代观点。来源在Pubmed和eLIBRARY中搜索。过去10年的RU数据库和文章参考文献。文章选择了包含乳腺癌病例对照研究和杂交细胞研究数据的文章。实验研究和相关研究表明，线粒体基因组在全球(通过大单倍群L, M, N)，景观(通过单倍群)，群体(通过亚单倍群)和个体水平(通过snp，插入，缺失)上决定了人类群体的细胞代谢特征，并可以决定癌症易感性。单核苷酸替换、缺失和线粒体DNA拷贝数下降并不是乳腺癌所特有的。然而，在实验动物中，线粒体已被证明直接参与恶性肿瘤的发展。线粒体参与致癌很可能与线粒体功能障碍有关，即核-线粒体关系被破坏。另一方面，影响太大的突变，即完全破坏线粒体功能，就失去了致瘤潜力。线粒体DNA拷贝数的突变、缺失和变化无疑与乳腺癌的发展有关，是众多相互作用的复杂网络中最重要的元素之一。
{"title":"The role of mitochondria in the development of breast cancer","authors":"D. Tikhonov, Mikael M. Vinokurov, Nadezhda S. Kipriyanova, M. Golubenko","doi":"10.17816/onco110904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco110904","url":null,"abstract":"There is a hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction and mutations in the mitochondrial genome may play an important role in the carcinogenesis; however, despite many years of research, this issue is still the subject of scientific discussion. The review reflects modern views on the role of mitochondria and the mitochondrial genome in the development of breast cancer. Sources were searched in Pubmed and eLIBRARY.RU databases for the past 10 years and in article references. Articles were selected that contained data from case-control studies of breast cancer and studies of cybrid cells. \u0000The survey of experimental and association studies has shown that the mitochondrial genome determines the characteristics of cellular metabolism in human populations at the global (by macrohaplogroups L, M, N), landscape (by haplogroups), population (by subhaplogroups), and individual levels (by SNPs, insertions, deletions) and can determine predisposition to cancer. Single nucleotide substitutions, deletions, and mitochondrial DNA copy number decline are not specific for breast cancer. Nevertheless, mitochondria have been experimentally shown to be directly involved in the development of malignant neoplasms in experimental animals. It is likely that mitochondrial involvement in carcinogenesis is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, in which nuclear-mitochondrial relationships are disrupted. On the other hand, mutations with too strong effect, i.e., completely disrupting mitochondrial function, lose their tumorigenic potential. Mutations, deletions and changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number are undoubtedly associated with the development of breast cancer, being one of the most important elements of a complex web of numerous interactions.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90868143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-4-13
A. Fisenko
The article is devoted to the founder of Russian neonatology, one of the initiators and active builders of the Soviet system of maternity and infancy care, the manager and head of the first domestic research institution in the field of pediatrics, George Nestorovich Speransky. There are consistently described stages of G.N. Speransky multifaceted activity on the management of the national system of maternity and infancy care, the creation of neonatology as a scientific discipline, the education and advanced training of pediatricians and neonatologists, the introduction of a new system of specialized training of pediatricians at pediatric faculties, the activation of scientific societies of pediatricians. The ways of the further development of domestic pediatrics, new horizons in the creation and implementation of domestic and global pediatric projects aimed at improving the quality of life and timely comprehensive medical care for children are indicated.
{"title":"Georgy Nestorovich Speransky and Pediatrics of the XXI century","authors":"A. Fisenko","doi":"10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-4-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-4-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the founder of Russian neonatology, one of the initiators and active builders of the Soviet system of maternity and infancy care, the manager and head of the first domestic research institution in the field of pediatrics, George Nestorovich Speransky. There are consistently described stages of G.N. Speransky multifaceted activity on the management of the national system of maternity and infancy care, the creation of neonatology as a scientific discipline, the education and advanced training of pediatricians and neonatologists, the introduction of a new system of specialized training of pediatricians at pediatric faculties, the activation of scientific societies of pediatricians. The ways of the further development of domestic pediatrics, new horizons in the creation and implementation of domestic and global pediatric projects aimed at improving the quality of life and timely comprehensive medical care for children are indicated.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86981328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-32-38
Ekaterina S. Zaitseva, T. Akhadov, Alisher D. Mamatkulov, O. Bozhko, M. Ublinskiy, I. Melnikov, D. M. Dmitrenko, A. Manzhurtsev, D. N. Khusainova
Aim of the study is to show the possibilities of multiplanar reformation and 3D reconstructions of computed tomography in the diagnosis of skull base fractures in young children. Materials and methods. In one thousand three hundred thirty four children under 3 years of age with traumatic brain injury (TBI) CT was performed on a 128-slice Philips Ingenuity CT scanner; in 707 (53%) in the first 6 hours, in 254 (19%) — after 6 hours, but during the first 24 hours, in 205 (15%) children within 3 days and in 168 (13%) children later on 3 days after injury. Scanning of the area of interest (head + cervical spine) was made with the maximum possible reduction in parameters to minimize the radiation dose. Contrast was not used in children from 0 to 3 years of age with TBI. Post-processing included isotropic multi-planar reformatted (MPR) and 3D images. Results. Of the 1334 children examined, 730 were boys and 604 were girls. In 448 (33.58%) children, fractures of the skull bones were diagnosed, in 366 (81.7%) of them, fractures were combined with intracranial injuries. Fractures of the skull base were in 83 (18.52%) of 448 children. In 65% (n = 54) of cases, basal fractures were combined with fractures of the temporal bones, 31.5% (n = 17) of these children had liquorrhea. Fractures of the anterior fossa (12% of the total number of fractures of the base of the skull) of the base of the skull or fronto-basal fractures were accompanied by additional fractures of the orbits and/or other bones of the facial skull in 56.6% of cases. Fractures of the middle cranial fossa were diagnosed in 54 (65%) children. Fractures of the posterior cranial fossa were found in 19 (23%) of 83 children. In addition to fractures of the bones of the base of the skull, 32 (38.6%) children were diagnosed with fractures of the bones of the vault and intracranial injuries. Conclusion. The use of multiplanar reformation and 3D reconstruction increased the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing skull base fractures in children compared to conventional axial CT. The essential advantages of using 3D reconstruction are the availability of the technique, the absence of additional scanning time and radiation exposure.
{"title":"Computed tomography in skull base fractures in infants and young children","authors":"Ekaterina S. Zaitseva, T. Akhadov, Alisher D. Mamatkulov, O. Bozhko, M. Ublinskiy, I. Melnikov, D. M. Dmitrenko, A. Manzhurtsev, D. N. Khusainova","doi":"10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-32-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-32-38","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study is to show the possibilities of multiplanar reformation and 3D reconstructions of computed tomography in the diagnosis of skull base fractures in young children. \u0000Materials and methods. In one thousand three hundred thirty four children under 3 years of age with traumatic brain injury (TBI) CT was performed on a 128-slice Philips Ingenuity CT scanner; in 707 (53%) in the first 6 hours, in 254 (19%) — after 6 hours, but during the first 24 hours, in 205 (15%) children within 3 days and in 168 (13%) children later on 3 days after injury. Scanning of the area of interest (head + cervical spine) was made with the maximum possible reduction in parameters to minimize the radiation dose. Contrast was not used in children from 0 to 3 years of age with TBI. Post-processing included isotropic multi-planar reformatted (MPR) and 3D images. \u0000Results. Of the 1334 children examined, 730 were boys and 604 were girls. In 448 (33.58%) children, fractures of the skull bones were diagnosed, in 366 (81.7%) of them, fractures were combined with intracranial injuries. Fractures of the skull base were in 83 (18.52%) of 448 children. In 65% (n = 54) of cases, basal fractures were combined with fractures of the temporal bones, 31.5% \u0000(n = 17) of these children had liquorrhea. Fractures of the anterior fossa (12% of the total number of fractures of the base of the skull) of the base of the skull or fronto-basal fractures were accompanied by additional fractures of the orbits and/or other bones of the facial skull in 56.6% of cases. Fractures of the middle cranial fossa were diagnosed in 54 (65%) children. Fractures of the posterior cranial fossa were found in 19 (23%) of 83 children. In addition to fractures of the bones of the base of the skull, 32 (38.6%) children were diagnosed with fractures of the bones of the vault and intracranial injuries. \u0000Conclusion. The use of multiplanar reformation and 3D reconstruction increased the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing skull base fractures in children compared to conventional axial CT. The essential advantages of using 3D reconstruction are the availability of the technique, the absence of additional scanning time and radiation exposure.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86593906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-46-53
Evgeniy E. Emelyashenkov, T. Sviridova, N. Murashkin, S. Makarova, Olga S. Egorenkova, O. Ereshko
Introduction. The issues of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in young children remain extremely relevant. At the same time, insufficient attention is paid to such a socially controlled factor in treatment as the readiness of parents to comply with the recommendations of specialists. Materials and methods. In the course of an observational cross-sectional study, there was made an analysis of medical and social data and the results of a survey of forty eight parents of children under the age of 2 years 11 months who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia with established severe AD. The author’s questionnaire «Attitude of parents of young AD children to recommendations», adapted by M. Rokich’s method «Value Orientations» was used. Results. Despite the declared satisfactory adherence to treatment in more than 70% of cases parents of young AD children (94%) were established to experience one or a number of psychological problems that act as a subjective obstacle to the implementation of pediatrician’s prescriptions: lack of awareness or misinformation in regarding the treatment of the child, the lack of the habit of observing the principles of «healthy» nutrition, emotional and educational difficulties, the weak expression of the priority of «health» in the value system. According to the expert analysis of the answers of parents, a satisfactory readiness to comply with the recommendations was noted in only 11 (23%) cases, poor — in 37 (77%) cases. Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of children with severe AD, it is necessary to strengthen the motivation of parents to cooperate with specialists and increase their psychological readiness to follow the recommendations.
{"title":"Psychological readiness of parents of young children with atopic dermatitis to implement medical recommendations","authors":"Evgeniy E. Emelyashenkov, T. Sviridova, N. Murashkin, S. Makarova, Olga S. Egorenkova, O. Ereshko","doi":"10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46563/1560-9561-2023-26-1-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The issues of increasing the effectiveness of the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in young children remain extremely relevant. At the same time, insufficient attention is paid to such a socially controlled factor in treatment as the readiness of parents to comply with the recommendations of specialists. \u0000Materials and methods. In the course of an observational cross-sectional study, there was made an analysis of medical and social data and the results of a survey of forty eight parents of children under the age of 2 years 11 months who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Ministry of Health of Russia with established severe AD. The author’s questionnaire «Attitude of parents of young AD children to recommendations», adapted by M. Rokich’s method «Value Orientations» was used. \u0000Results. Despite the declared satisfactory adherence to treatment in more than 70% of cases parents of young AD children (94%) were established to experience one or a number of psychological problems that act as a subjective obstacle to the implementation of pediatrician’s prescriptions: lack of awareness or misinformation in regarding the treatment of the child, the lack of the habit of observing the principles of «healthy» nutrition, emotional and educational difficulties, the weak expression of the priority of «health» in the value system. According to the expert analysis of the answers of parents, a satisfactory readiness to comply with the recommendations was noted in only 11 (23%) cases, poor — in 37 (77%) cases. \u0000Conclusion. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of children with severe AD, it is necessary to strengthen the motivation of parents to cooperate with specialists and increase their psychological readiness to follow the recommendations.","PeriodicalId":52396,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78114672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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