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Decolonizing Medieval Irish Studies 中世纪爱尔兰研究的非殖民化
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241264080
Elizabeth Boyle, Chelsey Collins, Victoria Krivoshchekova, Seungyeon Lee, Truc Ha Nguyen, Tiago Veloso Silva
This short article reviews some of the colonial underpinnings of the field of Medieval Irish Studies (a subdiscipline of Celtic Studies), using the career of Whitley Stokes (1830–1909) as a case study in the entanglements between British colonial activity in India and the development of philological research on medieval Irish literature in the 19th century. It then proceeds to use autoethnographic reflections from graduate students in the field of Medieval Irish Studies whose backgrounds locate them at various intersections of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and class. These reflections offer constructive pathways toward working to decolonize the discipline.
这篇短文回顾了中世纪爱尔兰研究领域(凯尔特研究的一个分支学科)的一些殖民基础,以惠特利-斯托克斯(Whitley Stokes,1830-1909 年)的职业生涯为案例,研究了英国在印度的殖民活动与 19 世纪中世纪爱尔兰文学的语言学研究发展之间的纠葛。随后,本研究采用了中世纪爱尔兰研究领域研究生的自述反思,他们的背景使他们处于种族、民族、性别、性和阶级的不同交叉点上。这些反思为努力实现该学科的非殖民化提供了建设性的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Career transformations: How career guidance counselling understands the labour market 职业转型:职业指导咨询如何理解劳动力市场
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241264081
Tom Boland
Career Guidance shapes the labour market by providing advice to school leavers, jobseekers and career changers. While there are a vast variety of approaches within Career Guidance, arguably there are central ideas within the discourse about the labour market reflecting cultural understandings of transition and transformation. To illustrate how Career Guidance understands the labour market, this article traces a genealogy from 19th century cultural ideas about careers from Smiles and Parsons to psychologised accounts from Maslow and Rogers. These imagine career transitions as personal transformations and recommend intensive interviewing to overcome internal barriers and unleash potential. Drawing from 15 interviews with Guidance Counsellors, the contemporary presence of this understanding of the labour market is traced. This emphasis on transformation variously reflects neo-liberal enterprise culture, religious ideas of vocation and modern experiments of the self, all of which emphasise internal potential over structural forces.
职业指导通过向离校生、求职者和职业转换者提供建议来影响劳动力市场。虽然职业指导的方法多种多样,但可以说,关于劳动力市场的讨论中有一些核心思想反映了对过渡和转型的文化理解。为了说明职业指导是如何理解劳动力市场的,本文追溯了从19世纪斯迈尔斯和帕森斯的职业文化观念到马斯洛和罗杰斯的心理学论述。这些观点将职业转型视为个人的转变,并建议进行深入访谈,以克服内部障碍,释放潜能。通过与指导顾问的 15 次访谈,我们可以追溯到这种对劳动力市场的理解在当代的存在。这种对转变的强调从不同角度反映了新自由主义企业文化、宗教的天职观念和现代的自我实验,所有这些都强调内部潜力而非结构性力量。
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引用次数: 0
Labhairt na Gaeilge agus muintearas in Éirinn, i measc Gaeilgeoirí a bhfuil eitneachas agus náisiúntachtaí éagsúla acu Labhairt na Gaeilge agus muintearas in Éirinn, i measc Gaeilgeoirí a bhfuil eitneachas agus náisiúntachtaí éagsúla acu
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241259228
Iarfhlaith Watson, Lorenzo Posocco
Réamhfhocal Sa staidéar píolótach seo rinneamar iniúchadh ar an gceangal atá ann idir labhairt na Gaeilge agus muintearas, ag díriú go sonrach ar chainteoirí Gaeilge ó chúlraí eitneacha agus/nó náisiúnta éagsúla i bPoblacht na hÉireann. Ghlac daoine, a raibh náisiúntachtaí agus eitneachtaí éagsúla acu, rannpáirt sa staidéar. Trí thaighde cáilíochtúil (ag amharc trí lionsa an náisiúnachais) rinneamar imscrúdú ar an gceist an dtugann labhairt na Gaeilge le mothú do dhaoine gur Éireannaigh iad. Ag an am céanna rinneamar scrúdú ar an eispéireas a bhí acu le daoine a bhí ag iarraidh iad a dhúnadh amach. Taispeánann ár dtorthaí an ról cumasaithe atá ag an nGaeilge do dhaoine ó chúlraí éagsúla, ag cuidiú leo imeascadh sa tsochaí, ag cuidiú leo cur i gcoinne an choimhthithe nó an chiníochais, agus i gcoinne daoine a cheistíonn cén fáth a bhfuil siad in Éirinn. Mar sin féin, d’fhéadfadh teannas a bheith ann idir Éireannaigh bhána agus iad siúd ó chúlraí éagsúla atá ina gcainteoirí Gaeilge, rud a thógann ceisteanna tábhachtacha maidir le coimhlintí agus toradh na gcoimhlintí sin. Tugann an staidéar seo bunléargais ar chúrsaí agus leagann sé béim ar an ngá atá le tuilleadh imscrúdaithe a dhéanamh sa réimse seo.
Réamhfhocal Sa staidéar píolótach seo rinneamar iniúchadh ar an gceangal atá ann idir labhairt na Gaeilge agus muintearas, ag díriú go sonrach ar chainteoirí Gaeilge ó chúlraí eitneacha agus/nó náisiúnta éagsúla i bPoblacht na hÉireann。Ghlac daoine, a raibh náisiúntachtaí agus eitneachtaí éagsúla acu, rannpáirt sa staidéar.在此基础上,我们将继续努力,以实现我们的目标。Ag an am céanna rinneamar scrúdú ar an eispéireas a bhí acu le daoine a bhí ag iarraidh iad a dhúnadh amach.我们在 nGaeilge 做了很多事情,包括:"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里";"我在这里"。在这一时期,我们的生活方式也发生了翻天覆地的变化,我们的生活方式也发生了翻天覆地的变化,我们的生活方式也发生了翻天覆地的变化,我们的生活方式也发生了翻天覆地的变化,我们的生活方式也发生了翻天覆地的变化。我们的目标是,通过我们的努力,让更多的人加入到我们的行列中来。
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引用次数: 0
A negative dialectics of climate change destruction: Reflecting on climate futures with Adorno 气候变化破坏的消极辩证法:与阿多诺一起反思气候的未来
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241257990
Tracey Skillington
This paper offers a brief overview of the negative dialectical turn in Adorno's post-war writings when he began to give more serious attention to the type of ‘subjective possibilities’ generated by encounters with adversity. The analysis below explores the relevance of Adorno's work to current efforts to make sense of an increasingly felt contact with climate change harm. In particular, Adorno's insights on the paradoxical relationship that emerges between scenarios inspiring despair and hope for a better future. Rather than ignore contradiction and focus only on the possibilities and potentials that inhere in the good, Adorno's preference was to examine those that also emerge from a crisis ridden present. Similar to other Frankfurt School adherents, Adorno drew attention to an important distinction between inner and outer worlds and their critical mediation via the thinking process – the bridging of inner worlds of intuition, feeling, sense perception, the free flow of thought and imagination, and the outer world, episodes of violent destruction and ongoing change, noting how insights generated by the meeting of these worlds are never singular or straightforward in a positivist sense but are often marked by plurality, contradiction and transformation. The focus in this instance will be on how thinking about the climate present can also generate a thinking beyond to other possibilities (e.g. imaginaries of a future degrowth society). It will assess current moves to institutionalise new geo-engineering technologies to stabilise climate conditions and protect capitalism's growth imperative, noting how the contradictions inherent in such proposals can trigger a dialectical turn towards other futures and other relations with nature.
本文简要概述了阿多诺战后著作中的消极辩证法转向,当时他开始更认真地关注遭遇逆境所产生的 "主观可能性 "类型。下文的分析探讨了阿多诺的著作与当前为理解人们日益感受到的气候变化危害所做努力的相关性。特别是,阿多诺对激发绝望的情景与对更美好未来的希望之间出现的矛盾关系的见解。与其忽视矛盾,只关注美好中蕴含的可能性和潜能,阿多诺更倾向于研究那些同样来自危机四伏的当下的可能性和潜能。与法兰克福学派的其他追随者相似,阿多诺提请人们注意内在世界和外在世界之间的重要区别,以及它们通过思维过程进行的批判性调解--直觉、感觉、感官知觉、思想和想象力的自由流动等内在世界与暴力破坏和持续变化的外在世界之间的桥梁。在这种情况下,重点将放在对气候现状的思考如何也能产生一种超越其他可能性的思考(如对未来脱增长社会的想象)。它将评估当前为稳定气候条件和保护资本主义增长需要而将新的地球工程技术制度化的举措,指出这些建议中固有的矛盾如何能够引发对其他未来和与自然的其他关系的辩证转向。
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引用次数: 0
Decolonising anthropology from the margin: A postcolonial and feminist anthropologist from South Asia in Europe 边缘人类学的非殖民化:欧洲的一位南亚后殖民和女性主义人类学家
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241258004
Nasrin Khandoker
This article uses auto-ethnography to analyse the trajectory of an anthropologist and feminist from South Asia to Europe. Through analysing this journey it aims to turn anthropology's gaze from the margin to the centre. Tracing the trajectory, the article contrasts the dominant disciplinary frameworks for generating knowledge in the Global North and the Global South. This comparison suggests the need to focus on decolonial and feminist politics in anthropology in the Global North. To elaborate on the argument, this article historicises and problematises anthropology's discomfort with feminism, which contributes to a distance from political positioning and the obstacles to creating a solid foundation for feminist anthropology in the Global North. The article also analyses the forms of marginalisation practised in neo-colonial anthropology within the neo-liberal knowledge industry in the disciplinary sphere of the Global North, and the ways in which they could be challenged and reversed. It discusses the complex dynamics of gender, race, and colonial legacies, advocating for a reorientation within anthropology that acknowledges and searches for ways to resist the enduring influence of colonial power structures. In short, the article engages with anthropology's systemic, epistemological and methodological decolonisation as a discipline and practice.
本文采用自动民族志分析了一位人类学家和女权主义者从南亚到欧洲的历程。通过分析这一历程,文章旨在将人类学的视线从边缘转向中心。追溯这一轨迹,文章对比了全球北方和全球南方产生知识的主流学科框架。这种对比表明,有必要关注全球北方人类学中的非殖民主义和女权主义政治。为了进一步阐述这一论点,本文对人类学与女权主义的不和进行了历史性的分析,并提出了问题,这种不和造成了人类学与政治定位的距离,也为全球北方的女权主义人类学奠定了坚实的基础。文章还分析了新殖民主义人类学在全球北方学科领域的新自由主义知识产业中的边缘化形式,以及挑战和扭转这些形式的方法。文章讨论了性别、种族和殖民遗产的复杂动态,主张人类学重新定位,承认并寻找抵制殖民权力结构持久影响的方法。总之,文章探讨了人类学作为一门学科和实践的系统性、认识论和方法论非殖民化问题。
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引用次数: 0
Black Unsettlement: Embodied Blackness and Black Studies in the Irish Context 黑色未定居:爱尔兰背景下的体现黑人和黑人研究
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241259281
Philomena Mullen
Reflecting the call for diverse opinions in knowledge production, this article is a personal perspective on the positioning of Black Studies in Ireland. Black Studies as praxi-theory foregrounds the inseparability of embodied experiences from epistemic subject, since the knowledge production process is inherently subjective. Within the Irish racial ecology, the specificities of being Black suggest using the term anti-blackness rather than racism to address systemic racial violence against the Black body. While the presence of blackness in Ireland challenges imagined narratives of racial homogeneity, anti-blackness is deeply entrenched within academic texts, materials and ideas, shaping knowledge production cultures and systems. To understand the nature of anti-blackness in Ireland, a number of concepts which inform the author's work will be introduced. Xeno/miso-phenotypic prejudice encompasses both bias and aversion in relation to the Black body. Unexpected Irishness reflects the dissonance in some imagined white spaces, discourses and epistemes when confronted by the onto-epistemological totality of blackness. The author, positioned as a Black academic teaching Black Studies, underscores the potential tokenisation of Black scholarship within Higher Education Institutions and the toll on Black academics’ well-being. The text calls for a genuine elevation of Black Studies, acknowledging its power to unsettle academic complacency.
本文反映了在知识生产过程中对不同意见的呼唤,是对爱尔兰黑人研究定位的个人观点。黑人研究作为一种实践理论,强调了体现性经验与认识主体的不可分割性,因为知识生产过程本质上是主观的。在爱尔兰的种族生态中,黑人的特殊性建议使用 "反黑人"(anti-blackness)而非 "种族主义"(racism)一词来解决针对黑人身体的系统性种族暴力问题。虽然爱尔兰黑人的存在挑战了种族同质性的想象,但反黑人在学术文本、材料和思想中根深蒂固,影响着知识生产文化和系统。为了理解爱尔兰反黑人的本质,我们将介绍一些为作者的工作提供参考的概念。异/异表型偏见包括对黑人身体的偏见和厌恶。意料之外的爱尔兰性反映了一些想象中的白人空间、话语和认识论在面对黑人认识论整体时的不和谐。作者作为一名教授黑人研究的黑人学者,强调了黑人学术在高等教育机构中的潜在象征化,以及对黑人学者福祉的损害。文章呼吁真正提升黑人研究,承认黑人研究具有打破学术自满情绪的力量。
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引用次数: 0
‘We’re not right-wing or racist but…’: Far-right myth and distributive conflict in asylum seeker related protest in the Republic of Ireland, November 2022–July 2023 我们不是右翼或种族主义者,但......":极右翼神话与爱尔兰共和国寻求庇护者相关抗议活动中的分配冲突,2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 7 月
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241259252
Barry Cannon, Shane Murphy
The Republic of Ireland has seen numerous protests around asylum seeker accommodation since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, with noted involvement of the far right. But what are protestors actually demanding? And how do they feel about far-right involvement in such protests? This article is based on quotes found in 144 media articles, published between November 2022 and July 2023, from people protesting in support of and against asylum seeker accommodation in the State. It finds that among those protesting against such accommodation, complaints about security, access to services and lack of consultation predominate. Nevertheless, many such protestors repeat common far-right racist and xenophobic tropes while simultaneously distancing themselves from the far right. Similarly, those supporting asylum seeker accommodation reject the far right while recognising the validity of many of the structural and political complaints of those who protest against asylum seekers. Based on this analysis, we suggest that such apparently dichotomous thinking among protestors deserves further research scrutiny, particularly, with regard to difficulties in disentangling far-right-inspired racist and xenophobic tropes from legitimate grievances around structural and resource issues.
自 2022 年 2 月俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以来,爱尔兰共和国发生了多起围绕寻求庇护者住宿问题的抗议活动,其中不乏极右翼分子的参与。但抗议者们究竟要求什么?他们对极右翼参与此类抗议活动有何看法?本文基于 2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 7 月间发表的 144 篇媒体文章中的引文,这些引文来自支持和反对在该国安置寻求庇护者的抗议者。文章发现,在抗议国家收容寻求庇护者的人群中,对安全、获得服务和缺乏咨询的抱怨占多数。然而,许多此类抗议者在重复极右种族主义和仇外心理的惯用伎俩的同时,也在撇清自己与极右势力的关系。同样,那些支持收容寻求庇护者的人在拒绝极右派的同时,也承认那些抗议寻求庇护者的人所抱怨的许多结构性和政治性问题的合理性。基于以上分析,我们认为,抗议者中这种明显的二元对立思维值得进一步研究,特别是在将极右翼煽动的种族主义和仇外情绪与围绕结构性和资源性问题的合理不满区分开来方面存在的困难。
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引用次数: 0
Loneliness of PhD-ing: Migrant bodies of colour and Irish neo-liberal academia 读博的孤独:有色人种移民与爱尔兰新自由主义学术界
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241259254
Bhargabi Das
This paper will look at loneliness as both an affective and a political reality, rather than simply a subjective individual feeling. Using auto-ethnography, I will look at my own PhD experience as a migrant woman of colour in a largely white male dominated Irish academia. I situate this loneliness of PhDing by looking at (a) loneliness of a migrant body of colour and (b) how this loneliness is accentuated by neo-liberal academia. Irish university spaces provide an ideal context to understand the politics of loneliness of minorities because besides being white, these spaces are also extremely neo-liberal, with the country's austerity politics changing its higher educational spaces forever. While talking about loneliness of migrant PhD students of colour as structural and institutional violence, I also illustrate moments of ‘speaking up'. Finally, the paper understands how foregrounding and weaving care and community as ethics into the everyday can one aim to contend with such loneliness of migrant woman precarious academics of colour, particularly within Irish higher educational spaces.
本文将把孤独视为一种情感和政治现实,而不仅仅是个人的主观感受。我将通过自述式民族志的方式,回顾自己作为一名有色人种移民妇女在主要由白人男性主导的爱尔兰学术界攻读博士学位的经历。我将通过研究(a)有色人种移民的孤独感和(b)新自由主义学术界如何加剧这种孤独感,来探讨攻读博士学位的孤独感。爱尔兰的大学空间为理解少数群体的孤独政治提供了一个理想的背景,因为这些空间除了是白人的,也是极端新自由主义的,该国的紧缩政治永远地改变了其高等教育空间。在将有色人种移民博士生的孤独视为结构性和制度性暴力的同时,我还阐述了 "大声说出来 "的时刻。最后,本文阐述了如何将关爱和社区作为道德规范融入日常工作,以应对有色人种移民女学者的这种孤独感,尤其是在爱尔兰高等教育领域。
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引用次数: 0
Compound players and emotional arenas: The self-identification of the Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity in Mexico 复合参与者和情感舞台:墨西哥争取和平与正义和尊严运动的自我认同
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241256204
Johan Gordillo-García
After the Mexican ex-president Felipe Calderón declared a ‘war’ against criminal organisations, the number of murders and people reported as disappeared increased steadily in the country. However, the authorities constantly ensured that these crimes occurred exclusively among criminals. This narrative was fractured when, after the murder of his son in 2011, the poet Javier Sicilia started leading the protests of activists, relatives of victims and social organisations from virtually all of Mexico. After some mobilisations, they adopted the name Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity (MPJD). Following a ‘players and arenas’ understanding of social movements, I analyse the formation of the MPJD as a self-identified compound player. First, I explore the structural and agency elements in the participants’ backgrounds. Then, I discuss how the emotional content of the interactions in public demonstrations influenced their relationships developing a sense of community that fostered their identification as part of the MPJD. Overall, this study advances a micro-level perspective to understand the dynamics of collective action.
在墨西哥前总统费利佩-卡尔德龙宣布向犯罪组织 "开战 "之后,该国的谋杀案和据报失踪人数持续上升。然而,当局始终确保这些罪行只发生在罪犯身上。2011 年,诗人哈维尔-西西利亚(Javier Sicilia)的儿子被谋杀后,他开始领导几乎整个墨西哥的活动家、受害者亲属和社会组织进行抗议,从而打破了这种说法。经过一番动员,他们采用了 "正义与尊严和平运动"(MPJD)这一名称。按照 "参与者和舞台 "对社会运动的理解,我分析了 MPJD 作为一个自我认同的复合参与者的形成过程。首先,我探讨了参与者背景中的结构和代理因素。然后,我讨论了在公众示威中互动的情感内容如何影响了他们的关系,从而形成了一种群体感,促进了他们对 MPJD 的认同。总之,本研究从微观层面来理解集体行动的动力。
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引用次数: 0
From critical theory to critical fabulism: Aesthetics in a minor key 从批判理论到批判寓言:小调美学
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1177/07916035241256222
Kevin Ryan
In this essay to mark the centenary of the Frankfurt School, I situate the (his)story of domination between critical theory and critical fabulism. The version of this (his)story crafted by the first generation of Frankfurt School thinkers is anchored in the idea of ‘the masses’, and in the first part of the article, I track this through the work of Theodore Adorno, drawing on Grant Kester's writings on ‘exculpatory critique’. The second part of the paper pivots to Saidiya Hartman's method of critical fabulism, which affords a way of refiguring the relationship between aesthetics and politics while also refusing the idea of the masses. In contrast to Adorno’s Aesthetic Theory, which is an all-or-nothing wager with a future currently foreclosed and forever deferred, in the world(s) that Hartman fabulates, the revolution is always already happening.
在这篇纪念法兰克福学派一百周年的文章中,我把统治的(他的)故事置于批判理论和批判虚构主义之间。法兰克福学派的第一代思想家们所创造的这个(他的)故事的版本是以 "大众 "这一概念为基础的,在文章的第一部分,我借鉴格兰特-凯斯特(Grant Kester)关于 "开脱罪责的批判 "的著作,通过西奥多-阿多诺(Theodore Adorno)的研究对此进行了追踪。文章的第二部分以赛迪娅-哈特曼(Saidiya Hartman)的批判寓言主义(critical fabulism)方法为支点,该方法提供了一种重新构建美学与政治之间关系的方法,同时也拒绝接受 "大众 "这一概念。阿多诺的美学理论是对未来的一种全有或全无的赌注,而哈特曼所虚构的世界,革命总是已经发生。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Irish Journal of Sociology
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