Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu最新文献

{"title":"METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE IMITATIONAL MODELLING OF THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE MILITARY ACTIVITY TERRITORIES (AT THE DIVYCHKY POLYGON AS AN EXAMPLE)","authors":"D. Khrushchov, S. Chumachenko, A. Splodytel","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.107","url":null,"abstract":"The methodological basis of a theory for information support of research and work on management of the geological component of military activity territories is founded on the development of a typification of geological environment violations resulted from military activity, highlighting the types of geological environment and forms of military impact on the geological environment, establishing a mechanism and forecasting the development of geosystems. The methodical basis consists in development of the principles of information models of the geological environment disturbanses, which serve as the basis for determining methods and technologies for eliminating the consequences of negative military activity impact upon the geological environment, i.e., degraded sites recovery. The purpose of the introduction of this methodological apparatus is to optimize the structuring of the geological environment of the object, which will increase the resolution and overall adequacy of the infogeological model. The package PDE Toolbox computer mathematics systems MatLab 7.1.4 was used for simulation of pollution distribution in landscape profiles of an artillery blast hole. It showed us a picture of the changes in the concentration of the solution of pollutants on the landscape profile down to the first groundwater horizon 90 days from the moment of intense snowmelt.To assess the pollution migration dynamics according to the mathematical modeling in the PDE Toolbox package of the MatLab 7.1 computer mathematics system, the dependence of the change in the concentration of the solution of pollutants spread along the landscape profiles of the artillery blast hole was recieved. The obtained data indicate that within the territory affected by military activity, depending on the state of density and permeability of rocks in the zone of unsaturated filtration, the vulnerability of groundwater to geochemical factors of technogenic pollution increases.","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48944461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS WITHIN SOLID WASTE LANDFILLS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYIV)","authors":"I. Kuraieva, T. Koshliakova, O. Azimov, K. Zlobina, D. Khrushchov","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.113","url":null,"abstract":"The presented research is devoted to the study of geochemical transformation of environmental key objects (soils, surface and groundwater) within the solid waste landfills. The object of the study is the one of the largest landfills for solid waste disposal in Ukraine – Kyiv landfill №5. The main factual material, which is the basis of the article, was obtained by the authors during a comprehensive field ecological and geochemical research in 2018-2020. The aim of the work was to determine the geochemical (in particular physical and chemical) features of soil sediments within the landfill, which made it possible to assess the protective properties of soils in relation to the impact of technogenic metals. The condition of surface waters (ponds within the landfill territory) and groundwater (wells in Pidhirtsi village) was also studied; the comparison of the main indicators of chemical composition with the maximum allowable concentrations determined by normative documents was performed. It was found that in the studied soils there is a high concentration of heavy metals associated with the fraction of easily exchangeable ions, as well as an increased content of water-soluble forms. The main migration forms of macro- and microelements in soil solutions have been established. It was found that free hydrated cations and metal-organic complexes are characteristic of heavy metals. For groundwater used for potable water consumption by the population of Pidhirtsi village, exceeding of maximum allowable concentrations were recorded for certain indicators, in particular for nitrates, as well as deviations from the established norms for Ba, SO4, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Mo, and Pb. The pond waters, located directly within the landfill territory, are characterized by significant deviations from the norm in terms of Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, V, Cu and Zn. As a result of the study, it was found that within the landfill there are favorable conditions for the formation of mobile forms of toxic elements and their migration to surface and groundwater","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46921161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEODYNAMICS OF URANIUM ORE FIELDS IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE INHUL MEGABLOK OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD","authors":"V. Verkhovsev, N. Semenyuk, O. Vaylo, A. Ganevich, D. Zadorozhnyi, S. Meshcheriakov","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.071","url":null,"abstract":"The Ingul megablock of the Ukrainian Shield contains a number of endogenous deposits of the sodium-uranium formation, which have been developed for more than 55-60 years. With the exception of the Kirovograd uranium ore region, the deposits of which are controlled by discontinuities in the fault zone of the same name, the Vatutinske and Novokostiantynivske ore fields occupy positions within the Novoukrainsky granite-gneiss dome and in close proximity to the later geostructural formation, the Korsun-Novomyrgorod pluton. Paying attention to the high degree of saturation of the Ingul megablock with endogenous uranium deposits, it is emphasized that they also contain an increased content of thorium minerals and, in combination with uranium, they produce ascending gas flows of radon. Therefore, studies of the dynamics of the upper horizons of the lithosphere and the closely related dynamics of the hydrosphere (underground and surface), as well as the gas sphere, are especially relevant both in the regions of uranium ore fields and in areas adjacent to mining enterprises. Beyond the direct influence on the radioecological situation of uranium mining enterprises, special attention should be paid to the study of the dynamics of the lithospheric surface, including fault-block structures and the kinematics of ruptures, affecting the spread of groundwater and, as a result, surface waters contaminated with uranium in the environment. In the areas of uranium ore fields, the kinematic characteristics of disjunctivals contribute to a more correct forecast of radon accumulation in natural weakly insulated underground decompressed structures and the accumulation of more long-lived products of its decay Po, Bi, and Pb with long periods of removal of biological objects from organisms. It is emphasized that in the mine workings of mining enterprises, the technological process is accompanied by nitrate pollution of groundwater due to the use of nitrate-based explosives. Thus, for the predictive assessment of radiation and nitrate pollution of the environment of industrial sites of mining enterprises and adjacent territories, the technological process of which also affects the dynamics of the litho-hydro- and gas sphere, the structural-geological, paleogeomorphological, lithological, hydrogeological, hydrographic and topographic features of the Vatutinske and Novokostiantynivske uranium ore fields. The directions of the advancement of the groundwater fronts from directly uranium mines to the nearest drains have been established. The levels of uranium pollution of surface and underground (well) waters within the Novokostiantynivske uranium ore field, as the most promising for increasing uranium mining in the coming decades, have been determined. The proposed areas and terms of complex radioecological monitoring of the Novokostiantynivske uranium ore field in order to take preventive measures to prevent the withdrawal of existing local recreational areas and water areas","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44481641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN ELIMINATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE СHORNOBYL CATASTROPHE (IN PLACE OF A FOREWORD)","authors":"O. Kopylenko, A. Nosovskii, V. Dolin","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.005","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the critical analysis of the key problems and the reasons for slow pace of elimination of the consequences of the Chornobyl Catastrophe that are related to the inefficiency of the public administration. During 35 years passed since the Chornobyl Catastrophe, no state strategy for gradual, step by step, elimination of the consequences has been developed. Neither the criteria for its completion have been worked out. Due to the changes in the radioactive contamination structure, accumulation of new knowledge in the field of radiation medicine, agricultural radiology, radiobiology, radiogeochemistry, and radioecology, it is urgent to revise the conceptual provisions of the Chornobyl laws and policy documents, which are mostly based on the 30 year old data. One of the burning unsolved problems of radiation safety is the technological foundations for fuel-containing material management during demolishing of the unstable constructions of the “Shelter” object, the volume of which exceeds 15 tons (UO2) with total activity reaching 4.8×1017Bq. Imperfection of the radiohydrogeoecological monitoring system in the affected area within the “Shelter” Object and the 3rd ChNPP Unit, sites for temporary localization and disposal of radioactive waste in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, in particular, due to man-made changes in the hydrogeological regime, leads to inaccurate assessment of the radioactive contamination and forecaste of the quality of the underground drinking water supply sources. One of the most pressing modern radioecological problems is the accumulation of Americium-241 in the natural environment and its exposure affects. Now the content of this radionuclide outside the destroyed power unit is almost equal to that of 90Sr and will increase to the middle of this century. At the same time, its radiobiological efficiency is much higher than the gamma and beta radiation of the dose-generating 137Cs and 90Sr. The strategy for overcoming the consequences of the Chornobyl catastrophe should be comprehensive and aimed to addressing humanitarian, environmental, technological, international and political issues in complex.","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43828074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF TRITIUM MIGRATION AND RETENTION MECHANISMS IN THE GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE KYIV RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE FACILITY)","authors":"O. Pushkarov, I. Sevruk","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.045","url":null,"abstract":"Radioactive waste storage facilities (RWSF) are a potential source of tritium in the biosphere. Engineered concrete constructions are not sufficiently reliable forasmuch as water leaks contaminated with tritium from the storage facilities into the geological environment has been detected. The barrier properties of the natural environment at the storage sites are determined by the ability to absorb and retain heavy isotopes of hydrogen during a considerable period of time and thus exclude its circulation in the biosphere. Various elements of the natural ecosystem take part in the absorption of tritium – the geological environment, soil organic matter, annual and perennial vegetation, micro- and macrobiota. A certain part of tritium in the gaseous and aerosol form is released into the air. The highest concentrations of tritium are recorded in the area close to the concrete radioactive waste (RW) storage facilities, where the vapor-gas emanation plume is least dispersed. With distance from the storage facilities, the tritium concentration in the soil humus layer significantly decreases due to the spatial dispersion of the tritium in the atmospheric plume. Tritium from the air enters the soil with the atmospheric precipitation and is partially retained in the humified layer of the soil. Most of the tritium from the atmospheric precipitation is transported by the vertical infiltration flow through the sedimentary layers represented by loess sandy loams and loams, where it is finally retained. In the area close to RWSFs, the concentration of heavy hydrogen isotope in pore, interstitial and film water (1 fraction) is up to 87 % of its total content in an elementary block. In the more tightly bound forms (2 and 3 fractions), it is 9 % and 4 %, respectively. Farther from the RW storage facilities in the predominant air flow direction, the tritium concentration in free water decreases to 75 %. In this area, more intensive redistribution of tritium between the structural sites is observed. At the more distant monitoring points (wells), from 25 % to 37 % of the total tritium amount in the soils is retained in more tightly bound forms in the structure of rock-forming, mainly clay minerals","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47818122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER BY ELECTRIC DISCHARGE PLASMA","authors":"D. Charny, D. Yaroshchuk, O. Puhach, G. Smirnova, O. Musich, M. Stokolos, V. Nikolenko, I. Tishchenko, N. Chernova","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.099","url":null,"abstract":"For today, taking into account the low efficiency of the disinfection technologies using chlorine-containing compounds and the growing number of chlorine-resistant microorganisms, the question of introducing alternative methods of disinfection in the field of water supply and drainage is relevant. One such alternative method is the treatment of liquids with plasma of electric discharge. This article describes our experiments on the treatment of different types of water from surface sources in Kyiv and water intentionally infected with Escherichia coli (E. coli). The experiments were performed on a laboratory installation with a circulating pump and an ejector-type reactor with integrated electrodes. In the reactor a water-air mixture is formed, in which an electric discharge takes place. The disinfection reactor and at the same time the device for the formation of a heterogeneous water-air environment is an ejector with electrodes inserted into it, which receive pulses of electric current. Discharges initiate a range of different physicochemical phenomena, such as a strong electric field, intense ultraviolet radiation, shock waves of excess pressure and, in particular, the formation of various highly active chemicals such as radicals (OH •, H •, O •) and molecules ( H2O2, H2, O2, O3). All these physicochemical processes occur during the discharge itself, for example, the formation and action of short-lived radicals, as well as the action of relatively long-lived oxidants. The effect of the concentration of microorganisms on the rate and completeness of water disinfection was studied in technical (tap) water with the introduction into the reaction tank of the washoff from two test tubes. This provided an initial concentration of E. coli of 3.4 ∙ 106 CFU / cm3. Water treatment for 30 seconds reduced the concentration of microorganisms by two orders of magnitude (up to 5.4 ∙ 104). After 1 minute of treatment, this figure decreased to 1.7 ∙ 102, and after 3 minutes to 5.2 CFU / cm3, i.e., the treated water corresponded to norms for almost pure water. Experiments have proven the effectiveness of plasma disinfection, even for liquids with a concentration of microorganisms significantly exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations. The content of microorganisms before and after treatment was determined by the method of limiting dilution of samples with subsequent sowing on a nutrient medium in Petri dishes","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44180860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QUANTITATIVE DYNAMISM OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION INDICATORS AS A MARKER OF QUALITATIVE GROUNDWATER DIFFERENTIATION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SYNYCHAN WATER INTAKE)","authors":"I. Udalov, D.R. Piatash","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.090","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the physical and geographical characteristics of the Synychan water intake section of the Izium water intake, which is located 8 km southeast of the city of Izium, Kharkiv region. Hydrogeological features of aquifers operated by 4 wells are considered. Geomorphological features of the studied territory are analyzed. Aspects of the geological structure of the site are also reflected. The analysis of indicators of chemical composition of underground waters of the Synychan water intake site since 2003 is presented. Among the most relevant to the task of chemical compounds, the values of nitrates, chlorides and sulfates content, as well as data on total hardness and mineralization were selected. An increase in performance is observed in all wells. The intensity of the increase is different for each production well and the corresponding chemical compound. This indicates at least the heterogeneity of influencing factors and processes occurring in the aquifers of this water intake area. Among such factors and processes, taking into account the shallow depths of wells, we can consider the technogenesis. Since Synychan water intake is used to supply a significant number of residential areas of Izyum, a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the presented data is appropriate. The study of the dynamics of the distribution of chemical indicators of groundwater composition over different periods using mathematical and graphical methods will not only allow to inductively study the dynamics in previous years, but also quantitatively predict future trends in water composition of interstratal aquifers in the region. Considering the growing and growing shortage of quality water resources in Ukraine, the analysis of data from water intake areas of Izyum can give a representative picture of the real local situation in the field of water management, hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry of Izyum district in general and town of Izyum in particular.","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43935717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REGULARITIES OF 137CS MIGRATION ON GEOCHEMICAL BARRIERS OF MARGINAL ZONE OF MEZOTROPHIC BOG IN UKRAINIAN POLISSYA","authors":"O. Orlov","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.34.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.34.058","url":null,"abstract":"It was shown that in the narrow marginal zone (about 6-8 m wide) of a mezotrophic bog, typical for the northern part of Ukrainian Polissya, a transsuperaquatic landscape is formed between transacumulative and superaquatic landscapes. In the transsuperaquatic landscape a complex biogeochemical barrier has been formed. Here, at a short distance, barriers of different types are spatially connected – physico-chemical (sorption, gley etc.) and phytocenotic (all vegetation layers), lateral and radial. It was found that due to lateral 137Cs redistribution among the geochemically connected landscapes of the catena, there was observed the concentration of the radionuclide on the investigated complex biogeochemical barrier. Three biogeochemical barriers were found in the soil – layers of semi-decomposed residuals of mosses, trees and grasses (H0dt), peat (Т1-Т5) and iluvial humic-ferruginous gley horizon (Ihgl), which slow down 137Cs migration both in lateral and radial directions. Generalization of datа on 137Cs radial distribution in the soil of the geochemical barrier shows that analogs of the forest litter (H0 non-decomposed and layer of H0dt – semi-decomposed plant residuals) contained 8.16% of the total 137Cs activity in the soil; peat (0-25 cm) – 17.14%, and the mineral horizons (Ihgl and Pigl) – 74.7%. This distribution testifies about high speed of radial 137Cs migration in the studied soil, insofar as the main part of the total activity of 137Cs has already migrated beyond the boundaries of the peat layers to the mineral horizons. The calculations showed that the main part of the total stock of 137Cs in biogeocenosis on the biogeochemical barrier in the transsuperaquatic landscape was retained in soil – 86.59%, accordingly phytocenosis contained 13.41% of the total stock of the radionuclide. The geochemical transfer coefficient was 0.16, which was close to the corresponding values for the superaquatic landscapes. Significant interspecific differences in 137Cs accumulation were observed in all layers of vegetation. The migration ability of 137Cs in the chains «soil – plant» and «soil – fungi» in the transsuperaquatic landscape was evaluated based on the mean 137Cs transfer factor (TF) values to be 2-20 times higher than that for the eluvial and transeluvial landscapes. This leads to significant excess of the permissible levels of the 137Cs specific activity in medicinal plants, wild berries and edible mushrooms at soil contamination density with 137Cs which is not officially regarded as radiationally hazardous (about two times less than 37 kBq·m-2).","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46910679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESTORATION OF WATER BODIES POLLUTED WITH REFINED PRODUCTS USING EXTENDED GRAPHITE SORBENT","authors":"Yu.L. Zabulonov, O. Puhach, Yu. Kyseliov, L. Odukalec, V. Burtniak","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.33.094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.33.094","url":null,"abstract":"Oil and its distillation products play an important role in human life. In the process of distilling oil, we get important products for the life of a modern person. It is hard for a person to live without gasoline, diesel fuel, lubricants and polymeric materials. The chemical industry is also heavily dependent on oil. Oil production makes a significant contribution to the economy and at the same time causes significant damage to the habitat of humans and animals. Nowadays the oil production process may cause oil spills into the upper soil layers and water bodies. Also, the likelihood of accidents during the production, transportation and distillation of oil is not excluded. Most accidents occur due to corrosion of pipes, which are not always inspected and replaced in due time. Each pipeline has its own service life, oil companies are required to monitor the condition of pipes, valves, etc. It is necessary to create special commissions to control the transportation routes. It is always better to prevent an accident than to clean up the spill and clean the environment from pollution products. Unfortunately, the leaders of large oil corporations do not want to replace pipelines in time, trying to save some material resources. As a result, animals, birds and inhabitants of reservoirs die. Not only adult representatives of the animal world can die, but their embryos, they are very sensitive even to a small amount of oil and its products. Animals listed in the Red Book are dying. Every year more and more representatives of flora and fauna suffer from human mistakes. Some species are on the verge of extinction. A man in pursuit of technological progress ruins his habitat. A large number of oil fields are located at the bottom of reservoirs, as a result, we have oil spills during production at the bottom and surface of the reservoir. The effect of these processes on fish is almost always lethal. Birds, during migration, are also exposed to the detrimental effects of oil spills. Oil contaminates their feathers and enters the respiratory tract. As a result, contaminated feathers do not allow to continue the flight.","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67114188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE RECIPES ON THE STRENGTH OF STRENGTH OF GEOPOLYMER COMPOUNDS WHEN CEMENTING LRW","authors":"Y. Fedorenko, A. Rozko, Yu. A. Olkhovyk","doi":"10.15407/geotech2021.33.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/geotech2021.33.050","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the composition of geopolymer binders (blast furnace slag, removal ash, liquid glass and KOH) on the properties, namely the compressive strength of the compounds formed during LRW cementation, is studied. To perform the work, compounds were made in which the masses of the components varied according to the plan of the factorial experiment in 23 – three factors on two levels. The factors chosen were: liquid glass, a mixture of slag with ash in a ratio of 1: 1 and potassium hydroxide. The mass of LRW imitation did not change in all experiments. The experiments were not duplicated, and the random error was assessed analytically. The calculations gave the equation that relates the compressive strength of the compounds to the mass of liquid glass, slag and ash, and potassium hydroxide. When constructing the equation, it was found that the variance of the batch of measurements by the Cochren’s criterion is homogeneous, the coefficients of the equation by the Student’s criterion are statistically significant, and the model (equation) by the Fisher criterion is adequate. The analysis of the equation showed that the strength limit is influenced by slag and ash, but the greatest influence is exerted by the pair interaction of liquid glass with ash and slag. The consequence of the interaction is the formation of a geopolymer network, which strengthens the compounds. The addition of potassium hydroxide reduces the strength of the samples due to excess potassium and sodium cations, for which there is no functional place (combination with Al atoms to change the electronic configuration to tetrahedral). For this case, an equation with a correlation coefficient R = 0.86 is obtained. The application of the method of steep ascent showed the possibility of increasing the strength limit by 1.5 times or more. In the future, it is planned to reduce the amount of ash in the binder or replace it with temperature-activated kaolin. Mechanical activation of the slag powder had a positive effect on increasing the compressive strength.","PeriodicalId":52701,"journal":{"name":"Geokhimiia tekhnogenezu","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67114450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}