Diana Colorado-Lopera, Gloria Inés Echeverry-Lopera, Henry Colorado-Lopera
This research summarizes findings of solid waste logistics not only in Colombia, but in other Latin American countries with reference to some of the leading economies throughout the world. All official data and new results are developed and discussed, providing an account for the evolution of solid waste and its logistics regarding time with a focus on transportation and storage. The study also refers to the transportation of waste and its storage in landfills. Due to the situation in Colombia is quite similar to many developing countries, the findings of this study might be of interest to other nations. Results revealed several problems involving the economy, technology, regulations, and political concerns common to several countries worldwide.
{"title":"LOGISTICS AS AN ESSENTIAL AREA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN COLOMBIA","authors":"Diana Colorado-Lopera, Gloria Inés Echeverry-Lopera, Henry Colorado-Lopera","doi":"10.23850/22565035.2065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.2065","url":null,"abstract":"This research summarizes findings of solid waste logistics not only in Colombia, but in other Latin American countries with reference to some of the leading economies throughout the world. All official data and new results are developed and discussed, providing an account for the evolution of solid waste and its logistics regarding time with a focus on transportation and storage. The study also refers to the transportation of waste and its storage in landfills. Due to the situation in Colombia is quite similar to many developing countries, the findings of this study might be of interest to other nations. Results revealed several problems involving the economy, technology, regulations, and political concerns common to several countries worldwide.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46677451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Moreno-Díaz, Natalia Prieto-Jiménez, Germán González-Silva
Mathematical modeling of the phase balance is the basis of the description of distillation, used to refine products of purchasing potential. The ability to understand, model and predict the balance of phases is necessary for the design of industrial separation processes. The purpose of this article is to present the thermodynamic model and the methodology described step by step, for the construction of the bubble and dew curves, of the chloroform-methanol system. Matlab programs adequately predicted the azeotrope, using Peng’s cubic equation Robinson and the Van Laar model. Finally, the simulations were compared with Aspen Hysys and validated with experimental data reports reported in the literature, with error rates below 5 %.
{"title":"MODELACIÓN DEL EQUILIBRIO LÍQUIDO-VAPOR DEL SISTEMA CLOROFORMO-METANO USANDO VAN LAAR Y PENG ROBINSON","authors":"Daniel Moreno-Díaz, Natalia Prieto-Jiménez, Germán González-Silva","doi":"10.23850/22565035.2042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.2042","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical modeling of the phase balance is the basis of the description of distillation, used to refine products of purchasing potential. The ability to understand, model and predict the balance of phases is necessary for the design of industrial separation processes. The purpose of this article is to present the thermodynamic model and the methodology described step by step, for the construction of the bubble and dew curves, of the chloroform-methanol system. Matlab programs adequately predicted the azeotrope, using Peng’s cubic equation Robinson and the Van Laar model. Finally, the simulations were compared with Aspen Hysys and validated with experimental data reports reported in the literature, with error rates below 5 %.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46359147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edisson Ordoñez-Ordoñez, Gloria Inés Echeverry-Lopera, Henry Colorado-Lopera
This document collects and organizes data on not only the generation and current situation of hazardous wastes from Colombia, but also in a Latin American and global context. These materials were studied regarding the current economic model, regulations and implications in society. In addition, the numbers are presented from different reports from waste generating companies and, more importantly, from the data officers of the National Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM). We also analyzed the activities that contribute most to these wastes and their relationship with various aspects, such as gross domestic product and Oil production in different regions of the country. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to analyze the state of hazardous waste in Colombia in quantitative form, in order to begin to give real solutions towards the use, research and commercialization of derivative products that help reduce their negative effect on the environment.
{"title":"ENGINEERING AND ECONOMICS OF THE HAZARDOUS WASTES IN COLOMBIA: THE NEED FOR A CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODEL","authors":"Edisson Ordoñez-Ordoñez, Gloria Inés Echeverry-Lopera, Henry Colorado-Lopera","doi":"10.23850/22565035.2041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.2041","url":null,"abstract":"This document collects and organizes data on not only the generation and current situation of hazardous wastes from Colombia, but also in a Latin American and global context. These materials were studied regarding the current economic model, regulations and implications in society. In addition, the numbers are presented from different reports from waste generating companies and, more importantly, from the data officers of the National Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM). We also analyzed the activities that contribute most to these wastes and their relationship with various aspects, such as gross domestic product and Oil production in different regions of the country. Therefore, the main objective of this project is to analyze the state of hazardous waste in Colombia in quantitative form, in order to begin to give real solutions towards the use, research and commercialization of derivative products that help reduce their negative effect on the environment.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43997775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jhonny Pastrana-Ayala, Yimmy Silva-Urrego, Juan Adrada-Molano, Silvio Delvasto-Arjona
The high demand of Ordinary Portland Cement (CPO) due to the increase in new civil works, in addition to the generation of demolition and construction waste (RCD), cause a negative environmental impact, so a solution to this problem is the recycling of these materials to produce new concrete. The partial replacement of Portland cement by concrete waste powder (CWP) from the concrete recycling process has been highlighted as a sustainable approach. This paper present the chemical and pozzolanic characterization of CWP through X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and Frattini and resistance activity index test respectively. Also, it was evaluated the feasibility of producing self-prepared concretes (SCC) prepared with CWP. The performance of SCC prepared with various replacement ratios of CWP to CPO (i.e., 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %) from RCD, has been evaluated experimentally. The workability properties were performed regarding the slump flow test, V-funnel, and L-box. The hardened properties of SCCs including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength, porosity and Capillary suction were studied. The experimental results of this work are showed that the CWP can be used successfully as a filler in self-compacting concrete, although decreasing workability and mechanical resistance.
{"title":"PROPIEDADES FÍSICO-MECÁNICAS DE CONCRETOS AUTOCOMPACTANTES PRODUCIDOS CON POLVO DE RESIDUO DE CONCRETO","authors":"Jhonny Pastrana-Ayala, Yimmy Silva-Urrego, Juan Adrada-Molano, Silvio Delvasto-Arjona","doi":"10.23850/22565035.2170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.2170","url":null,"abstract":"The high demand of Ordinary Portland Cement (CPO) due to the increase in new civil works, in addition to the generation of demolition and construction waste (RCD), cause a negative environmental impact, so a solution to this problem is the recycling of these materials to produce new concrete. The partial replacement of Portland cement by concrete waste powder (CWP) from the concrete recycling process has been highlighted as a sustainable approach. This paper present the chemical and pozzolanic characterization of CWP through X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and Frattini and resistance activity index test respectively. Also, it was evaluated the feasibility of producing self-prepared concretes (SCC) prepared with CWP. The performance of SCC prepared with various replacement ratios of CWP to CPO (i.e., 0 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 %) from RCD, has been evaluated experimentally. The workability properties were performed regarding the slump flow test, V-funnel, and L-box. The hardened properties of SCCs including compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength, porosity and Capillary suction were studied. The experimental results of this work are showed that the CWP can be used successfully as a filler in self-compacting concrete, although decreasing workability and mechanical resistance.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48380222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Y. Heredia-Ortíz, M. L. Orozco-Guerrero, Claudia Pérez Rubiano
The plants belonging to the genus Solanum are known for their broad spectrum of biological activity. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of S. dolichosepalum against bacterial strains S. aureus, Salmonella spp, P. aeruginosa, and A. hydrophila. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts were obtained by solid-liquid extraction in soxhlet equipment, with subsequent concentration by rotary evaporation. To determine the antibacterial activity, the disc diffusion method was used, using Mueller Hinton agar, Chloramphenicol (30 mg sensitives) as a positive control, and extraction solvents as negative controls. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts of S. dolichosepalum showed a slight inhibitory effect against S. aureus, Salmonella spp, A. hydrophila, and P. aeruginosa, but it was not enough to be considered significant showing resistance to them. The two types of extracts used, ethanolic was the most active against S. aureus, Salmonella spp, A. hydrophila, and methanolic against P. aeruginosa.
{"title":"ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA DE EXTRACTOS ALCOHÓLICOS DE HOJAS DE SOLANUM DOLICHOSEPALUM (BITTER)","authors":"C. Y. Heredia-Ortíz, M. L. Orozco-Guerrero, Claudia Pérez Rubiano","doi":"10.23850/22565035.2061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.2061","url":null,"abstract":"The plants belonging to the genus Solanum are known for their broad spectrum of biological activity. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of S. dolichosepalum against bacterial strains S. aureus, Salmonella spp, P. aeruginosa, and A. hydrophila. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts were obtained by solid-liquid extraction in soxhlet equipment, with subsequent concentration by rotary evaporation. To determine the antibacterial activity, the disc diffusion method was used, using Mueller Hinton agar, Chloramphenicol (30 mg sensitives) as a positive control, and extraction solvents as negative controls. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts of S. dolichosepalum showed a slight inhibitory effect against S. aureus, Salmonella spp, A. hydrophila, and P. aeruginosa, but it was not enough to be considered significant showing resistance to them. The two types of extracts used, ethanolic was the most active against S. aureus, Salmonella spp, A. hydrophila, and methanolic against P. aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42821134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rúa-Osorio, Diego A. Restrepo-Molina, Juliana Sanín-Hernández, J. Sepúlveda-Valencia, Jairo López-Vargas
The natural fats without extension, condition the food and have a rheological and sensorial behavior, different from the fats extended with other ingredientes. The present research evaluated the effect of the use of a fat extender on some properties of textural and sensory quality of an Antioquian kind of chorizo. Pork fat was replaced by the use of sodium alginate (E1) and sodium alginate added with citrus fiber (E2), which were used to partially (70 %) and totally replace the fat in an Antioqueno-kind of chorizo formulation. Instrumental and sensory tests were performed in order to measure some attributes of product quality. The Sodium alginate (E1) fat extender, influenced positively the instrumental and sensory characteristics of the product. The cutting force delivered values of up to 4.03 % above the control and, about the sensory analysis, it was the same treatment that obtained the best marks. In conclusion, the use of E1 allows to produce a product with the desired nutritional requirement.
{"title":"ANÁLISIS INSTRUMENTAL Y SENSORIAL DE UN CHORIZO TIPO ANTIOQUEÑO FORMULADO CON UN SUSTITUTO GRASO","authors":"E. Rúa-Osorio, Diego A. Restrepo-Molina, Juliana Sanín-Hernández, J. Sepúlveda-Valencia, Jairo López-Vargas","doi":"10.23850/22565035.1630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.1630","url":null,"abstract":"The natural fats without extension, condition the food and have a rheological and sensorial behavior, different from the fats extended with other ingredientes. The present research evaluated the effect of the use of a fat extender on some properties of textural and sensory quality of an Antioquian kind of chorizo. Pork fat was replaced by the use of sodium alginate (E1) and sodium alginate added with citrus fiber (E2), which were used to partially (70 %) and totally replace the fat in an Antioqueno-kind of chorizo formulation. Instrumental and sensory tests were performed in order to measure some attributes of product quality. The Sodium alginate (E1) fat extender, influenced positively the instrumental and sensory characteristics of the product. The cutting force delivered values of up to 4.03 % above the control and, about the sensory analysis, it was the same treatment that obtained the best marks. In conclusion, the use of E1 allows to produce a product with the desired nutritional requirement.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Delgado, J. Acosta, Benyi Juliana Marín Gallego
Spinach is consumed for its valuable nutritional contributions. However, in Colombia, this crop has been of little interest in the research area due to its low production. On the other hand, the nanotechnology that can be used in agriculture to prevent or control diseases in crops through the application of nanoparticles (NPs) is emerging as a high potential subject in our country. In this work, the inoculation of suspensions of titanium dioxide NPs with the incorporation of silver (TiO2- Ag) in spinach seeds was evaluated. The NPs were synthesized through Sol-gel method and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction; suspensions of these powder samples of grain size between 7 and 26 nm were prepared at different concentrations for inoculation. In comparison with the control group (without inoculation), highest plant growth was obtained with NPs of the lowest size and 2 % concentration. It possibly due to the contribution in the photosynthesis process and antimicrobial role of incorporated TiO2-Ag. The photsynthetic activity of the plants from control and treated groups was measured by the photoacoustic technique and it was found that the plants treated with the smallest NPs suspension, at a concentration between 0.25 and 2 %, presented a rate of oxygen evolution similar to control group. These results indicate that the treatment with NPs of TiO2-Ag between 7 and 8 nm at low concentration can improve the growth without drastic alteration of the photosynthetic rate of spinach plants, which can be an efficient alternative for improvement in crop production.
{"title":"INOCULACIÓN DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DE TIO2-AG EN SEMILLAS DE ESPINACA","authors":"F. Delgado, J. Acosta, Benyi Juliana Marín Gallego","doi":"10.23850/22565035.1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.1659","url":null,"abstract":"Spinach is consumed for its valuable nutritional contributions. However, in Colombia, this crop has been of little interest in the research area due to its low production. On the other hand, the nanotechnology that can be used in agriculture to prevent or control diseases in crops through the application of nanoparticles (NPs) is emerging as a high potential subject in our country. In this work, the inoculation of suspensions of titanium dioxide NPs with the incorporation of silver (TiO2- Ag) in spinach seeds was evaluated. The NPs were synthesized through Sol-gel method and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction; suspensions of these powder samples of grain size between 7 and 26 nm were prepared at different concentrations for inoculation. In comparison with the control group (without inoculation), highest plant growth was obtained with NPs of the lowest size and 2 % concentration. It possibly due to the contribution in the photosynthesis process and antimicrobial role of incorporated TiO2-Ag. The photsynthetic activity of the plants from control and treated groups was measured by the photoacoustic technique and it was found that the plants treated with the smallest NPs suspension, at a concentration between 0.25 and 2 %, presented a rate of oxygen evolution similar to control group. These results indicate that the treatment with NPs of TiO2-Ag between 7 and 8 nm at low concentration can improve the growth without drastic alteration of the photosynthetic rate of spinach plants, which can be an efficient alternative for improvement in crop production.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43692631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karol Roa-Bohórquez, Ricardo Paredes-Roa, Luis Lara-González, G. Peña-Rodríguez
Among the most relevant problems of the pottery industry in Boyaca, Colombia, is the absence of a range of uniform shades in their final products. The color, being an easily observable physical property, becomes a distinctive criterion for potential customers seeking a differentiating and cutting-edge product within a constantly changing environment. For that reason, the present work proposed a ceramic compound elaborated from montmorillonite clays and metal oxides such as FeO, CuO and ZnO. The clays were characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and according to the chemical composition of each clay, the concentrations of metal oxides were determined as coloring agents, which varied from 1 to 8 % (by weight). The ceramic prototypes were shaped by uniaxial pressing method at a constant compaction pressure of 15 MPa, and then sintered at 950 °C for 2 h. RGB histograms were used to analyze the color of the specimens, the results showed significant changes in the pigmentation of the ceramic compound reporting red, brown and white tone. This makes viable the use of these oxides as thermosetting pigments in the production of ceramic products such as roof tiles, tablets and tiles among other ceramic designs, which today can only be found in advanced ceramic shops.
{"title":"APLICACIÓN DE FEO, ZNO Y CUO COMO PIGMENTOS EN COMPUESTOS CERÁMICOS","authors":"Karol Roa-Bohórquez, Ricardo Paredes-Roa, Luis Lara-González, G. Peña-Rodríguez","doi":"10.23850/22565035.1592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.1592","url":null,"abstract":"Among the most relevant problems of the pottery industry in Boyaca, Colombia, is the absence of a range of uniform shades in their final products. The color, being an easily observable physical property, becomes a distinctive criterion for potential customers seeking a differentiating and cutting-edge product within a constantly changing environment. For that reason, the present work proposed a ceramic compound elaborated from montmorillonite clays and metal oxides such as FeO, CuO and ZnO. The clays were characterized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and according to the chemical composition of each clay, the concentrations of metal oxides were determined as coloring agents, which varied from 1 to 8 % (by weight). The ceramic prototypes were shaped by uniaxial pressing method at a constant compaction pressure of 15 MPa, and then sintered at 950 °C for 2 h. RGB histograms were used to analyze the color of the specimens, the results showed significant changes in the pigmentation of the ceramic compound reporting red, brown and white tone. This makes viable the use of these oxides as thermosetting pigments in the production of ceramic products such as roof tiles, tablets and tiles among other ceramic designs, which today can only be found in advanced ceramic shops.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43887382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. García-León, J. Rivera-López, A. Quintero-Orozco, G. Gutiérrez-Paredes
The automotive braking system must meet a complex set of requirements, among which safety is the most important, which is based on the function of the geometric arrangement and the type of material. The objective of this work is to propose a new geometric arrangement for the optimization of the air flow in an automotive brake disc, considering ventilation pillars founded on aerodynamic profiles type NACA 66-209. To support this design proposal, a 1: 1 scale prototype was made by means of additive manufacturing and an installation was also designed, which allows the assembly of the disk to measure the velocity field generated in the suction and discharge zone through the use of the Velocimetry by Particle Images (VPI). Validation of the geometric arrangement was performed under five (5) angular velocity conditions: 541, 641, 741, 841 and 941 rpm. The results obtained from the optimization of air velocity in the discharge zone of 0.1151 and 0.2317 m/s at 35 rpm. The results show the importance of experimental designs with which the geometry of self-ventilated disc brakes can be improved, thus guaranteeing the efficiency and safety of the system.
{"title":"ANÁLISIS DEL CAUDAL EN UN DISCO DE FRENO AUTOMOTRIZ CON ÁLABES DE VENTILACIÓN TIPO NACA 66-209, UTILIZANDO VELOCIMETRÍA POR IMÁGENES DE PARTÍCULAS","authors":"R. A. García-León, J. Rivera-López, A. Quintero-Orozco, G. Gutiérrez-Paredes","doi":"10.23850/22565035.1785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.1785","url":null,"abstract":"The automotive braking system must meet a complex set of requirements, among which safety is the most important, which is based on the function of the geometric arrangement and the type of material. The objective of this work is to propose a new geometric arrangement for the optimization of the air flow in an automotive brake disc, considering ventilation pillars founded on aerodynamic profiles type NACA 66-209. To support this design proposal, a 1: 1 scale prototype was made by means of additive manufacturing and an installation was also designed, which allows the assembly of the disk to measure the velocity field generated in the suction and discharge zone through the use of the Velocimetry by Particle Images (VPI). Validation of the geometric arrangement was performed under five (5) angular velocity conditions: 541, 641, 741, 841 and 941 rpm. The results obtained from the optimization of air velocity in the discharge zone of 0.1151 and 0.2317 m/s at 35 rpm. The results show the importance of experimental designs with which the geometry of self-ventilated disc brakes can be improved, thus guaranteeing the efficiency and safety of the system.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48038798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bernardo Carvajal-Macías, Seleny Pérez-Ramírez, Yhoan Gaviria-Gaviria, Juan Alzate-Agudelo
The color in meat foods is the product of biochemical reactions between the natural compounds of meat, such as myoglobin, hemoglobin and oxygen and the action of external agents such as nitrates and nitrites. Recently it has been discovered that certain vegetables can be sources of nitrates for the production of meat products, capable of storing them in their various structures. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of the characteristic color of the sausages by means of the substitution of synthetic nitrites by a natural source like the turnip, in addition to make a partial substitution of potato flour for mango peel flour to know its influence on the texture end of the product. For this, 3 samples were elaborated (Pattern with Nitral, Extract of turnip and dehydrated turnip). The amount of nitrites present was evaluated by spectrophotometry according to method 973.31 of the AOAC, the colorimetry parameters were determined by the CIELAB method and the texture was evaluated with the Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) method. It was found that the amount of nitrite is inferior to the standard and that reported by other literatures (pattern: 84.87 ppm, extract: 9.80 ppm and dehydrated: 11.81 ppm), in terms of texture and colorimetry analysis. They identified significant differences between the standard and the samples with the addition of turnip. To conclude, the proportion of turnip in the addition must be increased to achieve the desired concentration of nitrites in the final product, the addition of mango peel flour influences the final texture of the product. Finally, it is recommended to evaluate the content of nitrites in the turnip during a certain storage time and increase the proportion of turnip in the sausage, evaluating that the sensory characteristics are not affected.
{"title":"SUSTITUCIÓN DE NITRITOS EN UN PRODUCTO CÁRNICO EMBUTIDO POR NABO (BRASSICA RAPA) Y SUSTITUCIÓN PARCIAL DE HARINA DE PAPA (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM) POR HARINA DE CÁSCARA DE MANGO (MANGIFERA INDICA) PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DEL DESARROLLO DE COLOR Y TEXTURA","authors":"Bernardo Carvajal-Macías, Seleny Pérez-Ramírez, Yhoan Gaviria-Gaviria, Juan Alzate-Agudelo","doi":"10.23850/22565035.1518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23850/22565035.1518","url":null,"abstract":"The color in meat foods is the product of biochemical reactions between the natural compounds of meat, such as myoglobin, hemoglobin and oxygen and the action of external agents such as nitrates and nitrites. Recently it has been discovered that certain vegetables can be sources of nitrates for the production of meat products, capable of storing them in their various structures. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of the characteristic color of the sausages by means of the substitution of synthetic nitrites by a natural source like the turnip, in addition to make a partial substitution of potato flour for mango peel flour to know its influence on the texture end of the product. For this, 3 samples were elaborated (Pattern with Nitral, Extract of turnip and dehydrated turnip). The amount of nitrites present was evaluated by spectrophotometry according to method 973.31 of the AOAC, the colorimetry parameters were determined by the CIELAB method and the texture was evaluated with the Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) method. It was found that the amount of nitrite is inferior to the standard and that reported by other literatures (pattern: 84.87 ppm, extract: 9.80 ppm and dehydrated: 11.81 ppm), in terms of texture and colorimetry analysis. They identified significant differences between the standard and the samples with the addition of turnip. To conclude, the proportion of turnip in the addition must be increased to achieve the desired concentration of nitrites in the final product, the addition of mango peel flour influences the final texture of the product. Finally, it is recommended to evaluate the content of nitrites in the turnip during a certain storage time and increase the proportion of turnip in the sausage, evaluating that the sensory characteristics are not affected.","PeriodicalId":52712,"journal":{"name":"Informador Tecnico","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42105429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：