N. Shams, N. Nazifi, A. Forouharmehr, A. Jaydari, Ehsan Rashidian
The had -0.210 GRAVY and 36.39 instability indices which make it theoretically stable. The designed construct was predicted to be soluble and non-allergenic. The approximate half-life of the proposed structure was computed 30 hours in mammalian reticulocytes and more than 10 hours in Escherichia coli . In its tertiary structure, 93% of the residues were in the core region and had a score of 52.73 for 3D verification and -5.55 for Z-score. Protein-protein docking of HBHA and TLR4/MD2 receptor was successful with the lowest energy of -1310.6 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The bioinformatics evaluations indicate that the designed structure is stable and immunogenic for development of a protein-based subunit vaccine against COVID-19.
{"title":"Assembling the Most Antigenic Peptides of COVID-19 Immunogenic Proteins Along with a Molecular Adjuvant to Develop a Novel Polyepitope Vaccine: a Bioinformatics Investigation","authors":"N. Shams, N. Nazifi, A. Forouharmehr, A. Jaydari, Ehsan Rashidian","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.36","url":null,"abstract":"The had -0.210 GRAVY and 36.39 instability indices which make it theoretically stable. The designed construct was predicted to be soluble and non-allergenic. The approximate half-life of the proposed structure was computed 30 hours in mammalian reticulocytes and more than 10 hours in Escherichia coli . In its tertiary structure, 93% of the residues were in the core region and had a score of 52.73 for 3D verification and -5.55 for Z-score. Protein-protein docking of HBHA and TLR4/MD2 receptor was successful with the lowest energy of -1310.6 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The bioinformatics evaluations indicate that the designed structure is stable and immunogenic for development of a protein-based subunit vaccine against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44429103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamidreza Hozouri, Alireza Shamsian, M. Aghasadeghi, D. Doroud
of rHBV, with those in The The most common adverse after administration of rHBV, manufactured by Pasteur of Iran was injection site reactions and no life threatening adverse event was observed. Conclusion: Despite reports by VAERS indicating that HBV can cause adverse events and even death in the United States, no such adverse effects were observed in rHBV in
{"title":"Comparative Study of AEFI of Hepatitis B Vaccine between Iran Ministry of Health CDC and VAERS Data during 2015 to 2017","authors":"Hamidreza Hozouri, Alireza Shamsian, M. Aghasadeghi, D. Doroud","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.52","url":null,"abstract":"of rHBV, with those in The The most common adverse after administration of rHBV, manufactured by Pasteur of Iran was injection site reactions and no life threatening adverse event was observed. Conclusion: Despite reports by VAERS indicating that HBV can cause adverse events and even death in the United States, no such adverse effects were observed in rHBV in","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48717512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vaccine safety surveillance is important to identify and manage adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) and avoid vaccine hesitancy. Currently, COVID-19 vaccines are administered to large numbers of people to try and curb the pandemic. In this paper, quantitative methods for causality assessment of AEFI are described. Qualitative methods for causality assessment involve an expert panel reviewing each AEFI report to determine whether the AEFI can be attributed to the vaccine. Each AEFI is determined to be classified as consistent, inconsistent, indeterminate or unclassifiable in terms of causality. Quantitative approaches can strengthen causality assessment outcomes. However, the potential for bias and errors should be considered for each safety signal identified. Vaccine and population specific factors may affect AEFI incidence, with a need to obtain background rates to frame safety signals identified into the local context. Several case scenarios from the vaccine safety surveillance in Brunei are used to illustrate the practical application of quantitative approaches for AEFI causality assessment (including comparison of AESI incidence to background rates and disproportionality analysis), which complement the traditional qualitative methods.
{"title":"Quantitative Approaches for Causality Assessment of Adverse Events Following Immunisation for COVID-19 Vaccines","authors":"S. Teo","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.73","url":null,"abstract":"Vaccine safety surveillance is important to identify and manage adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) and avoid vaccine hesitancy. Currently, COVID-19 vaccines are administered to large numbers of people to try and curb the pandemic. In this paper, quantitative methods for causality assessment of AEFI are described. Qualitative methods for causality assessment involve an expert panel reviewing each AEFI report to determine whether the AEFI can be attributed to the vaccine. Each AEFI is determined to be classified as consistent, inconsistent, indeterminate or unclassifiable in terms of causality. Quantitative approaches can strengthen causality assessment outcomes. However, the potential for bias and errors should be considered for each safety signal identified. Vaccine and population specific factors may affect AEFI incidence, with a need to obtain background rates to frame safety signals identified into the local context. Several case scenarios from the vaccine safety surveillance in Brunei are used to illustrate the practical application of quantitative approaches for AEFI causality assessment (including comparison of AESI incidence to background rates and disproportionality analysis), which complement the traditional qualitative methods.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48448381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
its causative the basics of producing recombinant vaccines and production platforms are protein or an 8-amino acid epitope of HN protein. Protein extensions including F, HN and HN2 (double HN replication)
{"title":"Recombinant vaccines against Newcastle Disease: current trends and research agenda","authors":"A. Shahriari, M. Habibi","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.92","url":null,"abstract":"its causative the basics of producing recombinant vaccines and production platforms are protein or an 8-amino acid epitope of HN protein. Protein extensions including F, HN and HN2 (double HN replication)","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70691723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Zhang, Chenliang Zhou, Xiaoliang Wang, Xinxing Ma, Meijun Diao, Haitao Liu, Dan Xu, Jian Wei, Yuanxiang Jiang, Menghua Zhang, Lingyun Zhou, Jiang Fan, Ge Liu
Results: In TC-1 showed potent dose dependent therapeutic efficacy against and improved rates in the and high doses (30 μg). The three fusion components of VR 111 were all necessary to induce the best anti-tumor activity, CTL response and T cell proliferation. The tumor growth inhibition and a higher mouse survival rate were among the beneficial effects of cisplatin-based combination treatment. Moreover, the anti-tumor potency of VR 111 vaccine was proved to be significantly associated with E7 specific CD8 + T cell immune response and the adoptive lymphocyte transfer therapy also showed tumor growth inhibition. Conclusion: The results confirmed VR 111 as a potent therapeutic HPV vaccine candidate with superior anti-tumor efficacy in a murine model of HPV-induced cancer which its potentials could be considered for combination therapies against cervical cancer.
{"title":"Potent Therapeutic Efficacy of a Novel HPV16E7-HBcAg-Hsp65 Fusion Protein Vaccine","authors":"Chao Zhang, Chenliang Zhou, Xiaoliang Wang, Xinxing Ma, Meijun Diao, Haitao Liu, Dan Xu, Jian Wei, Yuanxiang Jiang, Menghua Zhang, Lingyun Zhou, Jiang Fan, Ge Liu","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.60","url":null,"abstract":"Results: In TC-1 showed potent dose dependent therapeutic efficacy against and improved rates in the and high doses (30 μg). The three fusion components of VR 111 were all necessary to induce the best anti-tumor activity, CTL response and T cell proliferation. The tumor growth inhibition and a higher mouse survival rate were among the beneficial effects of cisplatin-based combination treatment. Moreover, the anti-tumor potency of VR 111 vaccine was proved to be significantly associated with E7 specific CD8 + T cell immune response and the adoptive lymphocyte transfer therapy also showed tumor growth inhibition. Conclusion: The results confirmed VR 111 as a potent therapeutic HPV vaccine candidate with superior anti-tumor efficacy in a murine model of HPV-induced cancer which its potentials could be considered for combination therapies against cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48496377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 from Wuhan, China in late 2019 and the subsequent worldwide pandemic in 2020 [1] are pushing scientists to look for urgent and efficient ways of protecting patients and managing positive cases, and a real “race for a cure” is running forward, but also backward! In fact, several epidemiological data in humans suggest that live vaccines (e.g., Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), measles, oral polio and vaccinia) may enhance nonspecific resistance to other non-targeted infections [2]. Several epidemiological studies have notably shown that BCG vaccine is capable of providing protection against numerous infections, unrelated to tuberculosis in an innate-immune dependent manner [3]. Such non-specific effects implicate both adaptive and innate immune mechanisms, and recent evidence suggests that epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes termed „trained immunity‟ is a key mechanism which acts as a boosting effect on the innate immune memory [3-6]. Observations suggest that the innate immune system exhibits memory-like features, remembering the first exposure to the vaccine and responds with an emphasized reaction to future infections [3-4]. Particularly, Natural Killer (NK) cells may contribute to these indirect beneficial effects as BCG immunization enhances the cytokine production by human NK cells [7]. Different clinical trials (e.g., BRACE trial in Australia, NCT04327206) are currently underway to investigate the potential benefits of BCG immunization to confer such protection [8]. These trials, due to several paradigms, are essentially restricted to health care providers as an initial step [9]. Moreover, an interesting monocentric trial in the United Arab Emirates was recently published with encouraging results. It compared two groups, comprised of BCG booster-vaccinated healthcare professionals versus unvaccinated professionals. The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection was compared between the groups, more than 3 months later. The results indicated that the infection rate in the unvaccinated cohort was 8.6% versus 0% in the booster vaccinated cohort (Fisher's exact test P-value = 0.004), highlighting the potential efficiency of this booster BCG vaccine [10]. Finally, regarding the safety of this potential BCG revaccination, a 2021 systematic review encompassing 24 studies has concluded this strategy had no serious adverse events in immuno-competent patients and that such revaccination carries only minimal risks of mild local and systemic reactions [11]. The near future will tell us whether this century-aged BCG vaccine could be a cure of youth for COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Back to the Basics: The Good Old BCG for COVID-19?","authors":"N. Boutrid, H. Rahmoune, H. Boutrid","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 from Wuhan, China in late 2019 and the subsequent worldwide pandemic in 2020 [1] are pushing scientists to look for urgent and efficient ways of protecting patients and managing positive cases, and a real “race for a cure” is running forward, but also backward! In fact, several epidemiological data in humans suggest that live vaccines (e.g., Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), measles, oral polio and vaccinia) may enhance nonspecific resistance to other non-targeted infections [2]. Several epidemiological studies have notably shown that BCG vaccine is capable of providing protection against numerous infections, unrelated to tuberculosis in an innate-immune dependent manner [3]. Such non-specific effects implicate both adaptive and innate immune mechanisms, and recent evidence suggests that epigenetic reprogramming of monocytes termed „trained immunity‟ is a key mechanism which acts as a boosting effect on the innate immune memory [3-6]. Observations suggest that the innate immune system exhibits memory-like features, remembering the first exposure to the vaccine and responds with an emphasized reaction to future infections [3-4]. Particularly, Natural Killer (NK) cells may contribute to these indirect beneficial effects as BCG immunization enhances the cytokine production by human NK cells [7]. Different clinical trials (e.g., BRACE trial in Australia, NCT04327206) are currently underway to investigate the potential benefits of BCG immunization to confer such protection [8]. These trials, due to several paradigms, are essentially restricted to health care providers as an initial step [9]. Moreover, an interesting monocentric trial in the United Arab Emirates was recently published with encouraging results. It compared two groups, comprised of BCG booster-vaccinated healthcare professionals versus unvaccinated professionals. The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection was compared between the groups, more than 3 months later. The results indicated that the infection rate in the unvaccinated cohort was 8.6% versus 0% in the booster vaccinated cohort (Fisher's exact test P-value = 0.004), highlighting the potential efficiency of this booster BCG vaccine [10]. Finally, regarding the safety of this potential BCG revaccination, a 2021 systematic review encompassing 24 studies has concluded this strategy had no serious adverse events in immuno-competent patients and that such revaccination carries only minimal risks of mild local and systemic reactions [11]. The near future will tell us whether this century-aged BCG vaccine could be a cure of youth for COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45747246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zangeneh, Yasamin Khosravani-Nezhad, Mohsen Alijani, Behnam Farhoodi, Hamid-Reza Massumi-Naini, S. Siadat, M. Mesgarian
Introduction: To understand the effects of COVID-19 vaccines it would be essential to have knowledge about the effects of the disease during the time that vaccines were unavailable. Hence, we tracked the clinical outcomes of Iranian COVID-19 patients during Feb 19th till May 1st 2020 by a longitudinal follow-up study of patients discharged from a university hospital in Iran.
{"title":"Two Months Follow-Up of 139 Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients Based on Clinical and Imaging Data","authors":"M. Zangeneh, Yasamin Khosravani-Nezhad, Mohsen Alijani, Behnam Farhoodi, Hamid-Reza Massumi-Naini, S. Siadat, M. Mesgarian","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To understand the effects of COVID-19 vaccines it would be essential to have knowledge about the effects of the disease during the time that vaccines were unavailable. Hence, we tracked the clinical outcomes of Iranian COVID-19 patients during Feb 19th till May 1st 2020 by a longitudinal follow-up study of patients discharged from a university hospital in Iran.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43109379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: A modified Susceptible - Exposed - Infected - Quarantined - Recovered (SEIQR) epidemic model with vaccination is considered to understand the transmission dynamics of Ebola disease. Methods: The impact of vaccination as a control strategy is investigated in two cases: vaccination is a constant function of time and time - dependent vaccination. For the first case, the reproduction number is derived and mathematical analysis reveals that the existence of equilibrium points and the qualitative properties of solutions of the resulting autonomous model are completely determined by . For the second case, we conduct an analysis that is based on optimal control theory to determine optimal application of vaccination control. Results: It is shown that the disease - free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and unstable if . When , the disease - free equilibrium loses its stability and an endemic equilibrium point that is locally asymptotically stable emerges as also verified by demonstrating the existence of forward bifurcation at using the method by Castillo - Chavez and Song. Optimal control analysis shows that that vaccination effort is affected by the cost associated with it. Vaccination control of Ebola can be carried out at maximum rate from the onset of the outbreak if it is not costly. Conclusion: Vaccination is an important intervention strategy in controlling Ebola outbreaks.
{"title":"Analysis and Control of an SEIQR Epidemic Model with Application to Ebola Disease Vaccination","authors":"Priscilla S. Macansantos, Joseph Tullao","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A modified Susceptible - Exposed - Infected - Quarantined - Recovered (SEIQR) epidemic model with vaccination is considered to understand the transmission dynamics of Ebola disease. Methods: The impact of vaccination as a control strategy is investigated in two cases: vaccination is a constant function of time and time - dependent vaccination. For the first case, the reproduction number is derived and mathematical analysis reveals that the existence of equilibrium points and the qualitative properties of solutions of the resulting autonomous model are completely determined by . For the second case, we conduct an analysis that is based on optimal control theory to determine optimal application of vaccination control. Results: It is shown that the disease - free equilibrium is locally asymptotically stable if and unstable if . When , the disease - free equilibrium loses its stability and an endemic equilibrium point that is locally asymptotically stable emerges as also verified by demonstrating the existence of forward bifurcation at using the method by Castillo - Chavez and Song. Optimal control analysis shows that that vaccination effort is affected by the cost associated with it. Vaccination control of Ebola can be carried out at maximum rate from the onset of the outbreak if it is not costly. Conclusion: Vaccination is an important intervention strategy in controlling Ebola outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44863673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus causes a dangerous neuroinfection in humans can serve as a model for studying the mechanisms of interaction of pathogens with specific antibodies during active and passive immunization. Several commercial vaccines are currently used against TBE. This review analyzes long-term studies aimed at explaining the active and passive efficacy of specific immunoprophylaxis against TBE. Methods: The effectiveness of "Encepur® adult" TBE vaccine has been studied in terms of seroconversion and strength of the immune response by serological reactions, namely IFA, ELISA and neutralizing were reviewed. Results: Rapid elimination of the virus (after 1-2 days) can occur in vaccinated individuals with antibodies in titers of more than 1: 400. Persons with antibodies in titers of 1: 100 and 1: 200, most likely, should be offered mandatory revaccination. It should also take into account the duration of the retention of post-vaccination antibodies. Conclusion: In the year of TBE vaccination, the immune response was at a high level and practically did not differ. A particularly high level of immune protection was observed in persons who were vaccinated by a combination of TBE vaccines of various producers.
{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of infectious diseases immunoprophylaxis (review of our own research on the model of tick-borne encephalitis)","authors":"G. Leonova","doi":"10.52547/vacres.8.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.8.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus causes a dangerous neuroinfection in humans can serve as a model for studying the mechanisms of interaction of pathogens with specific antibodies during active and passive immunization. Several commercial vaccines are currently used against TBE. This review analyzes long-term studies aimed at explaining the active and passive efficacy of specific immunoprophylaxis against TBE. Methods: The effectiveness of \"Encepur® adult\" TBE vaccine has been studied in terms of seroconversion and strength of the immune response by serological reactions, namely IFA, ELISA and neutralizing were reviewed. Results: Rapid elimination of the virus (after 1-2 days) can occur in vaccinated individuals with antibodies in titers of more than 1: 400. Persons with antibodies in titers of 1: 100 and 1: 200, most likely, should be offered mandatory revaccination. It should also take into account the duration of the retention of post-vaccination antibodies. Conclusion: In the year of TBE vaccination, the immune response was at a high level and practically did not differ. A particularly high level of immune protection was observed in persons who were vaccinated by a combination of TBE vaccines of various producers.","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46778660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of Immunization Status Among Children Between 13-24 Months of Age in Maharashtra, India – A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Sachin A Gawade, Harishchandra D Gore, A. Mane","doi":"10.52547/vacres.7.2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/vacres.7.2.28","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52727,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45584917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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