Medichna nauka Ukrayini最新文献

{"title":"STUDY OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION INDICATORS IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL PERITONITIS","authors":"S. Tsypovyaz, R.G. Vashuk R.G., V. Sarakhan, I. V. Savуtskyi, R. Yeromenko","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.07","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In the structure of purulent complications, peritonitis, destructive lesions of abdominal organs, and, as a rule, advanced forms of these diseases occupy one of the first places - 15-25% of urgent surgical diseases are complicated by peritonitis. It is generally known that the leading role in the triggering mechanism of the development of peritonitis belongs to the systemic inflammatory reaction, a component of which is phagocytosis, cellular and humoral immunity. However, the results of research on the state of functional activity of the endothelium in experimental peritonitis are limited. \u0000Aim: to study the activity of NO-synthase, FV and endothelin-1 in rats with experimental peritonitis. \u0000Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 24 non-linear laboratory rats, which were divided into 2 groups: 1 group – intact control (animals received distilled water), 2 group – animals of the control pathology group. According to the \"Methodological recommendations for preclinical study of medicinal products\", experimental peritonitis was studied on the model of V. A. Lazarenko. Indicators of vascular-platelet and coagulation hemostasis were determined according to generally accepted methods. Indicators characterizing endothelial dysfunction were studied according to generally accepted methods. \u0000Results. The most likely mechanism that is damaged in the endothelium during peritonitis is the activation of the synthesis of inducible NO-synthase by neutrophils/macrophages in response to infection. It is possible that the hyperproduction of nitric oxide, on the one hand, is aimed at destroying microflora and oxidizing toxins, and on the other hand, at suppressing the expression of tissue factor and cell adhesion molecules. platelet aggregation and cascade disorders in the hemostasis system. In animals with experimental peritonitis against the background of oxidative stress, there was an increase in the number of circulating desquamated endothelial cells in the blood, which is a highly specific marker of endothelial dysfunction. The level of the Willebrand factor also increased, which indicates the pathogenetic dependence of the factors that damage the endothelium of the vascular wall on the concentration of the Willebrand factor, which helps to reduce the permeability of blood vessels by adhesion of platelets to the endothelium. Confirmation of the development of endothelial dysfunction in peritonitis is an increase in the concentration of endothelin-1, which is a regulator of the process of vascular neoangiogenesis in response to endothelial damage. \u0000Conclusion. Hyperproduction of nitric oxide not only reflects the processes that occur in the focus of vascular endothelium damage, but also affects the severity of the inflammatory process and the consequences of the disease.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48354896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE ASSORTMENT OF PESTICIDES PERMITTED FOR USE IN UKRAINE, THE PROCESSING OF WHICH IS POSSIBLE WITH THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL DRONES","authors":"A. Borysenko, A.N. Antonenko, V. Bardov, M. Kondratiuk, A.O. Podust, S. Omelchuk","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, drones) in agriculture for the purpose of plant protection is becoming an increasingly popular innovative tool in countries around the world, thanks to the many advantages that this technology offers over the traditional aerial application method. However, this method of introduction can pose a number of risks for both the environment and human health. \u0000Based on the need for registration or re-registration of chemical plant protection agents for their use with UAVs, we conducted an analysis of the range of pesticides registered in Ukraine for aerial application. \u0000Aim: analysis of the dynamics of the assortment of pesticide formulations approved for use in Ukraine, processing of which is possible using agricultural drones. \u0000Materials and methods. The object of the study was the dynamics of changes in the range of pesticide formulations, primarily those processing of which is possible by using of agricultural drones. \u0000Analytical indicators of dynamics such as absolute growth (AG), compound annual growth rate (CAGR) and growth rate (CAGR) of pesticides were applied. Statistical data processing was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics Base v.22 license package and the MS Excel program (version 9.0, 2000). \u0000Results. When conducting an analysis of the assortment of pesticides registered in Ukraine for use by the aerial method for the period 2010-2022, we found that the total number of herbicides has almost not changed: there were 20 in 2010, it became 22 in 2022. The number of fungicides has increased more than five times: from 4 in 2010 to 21 in 2022 and will make up 15.7% of the total in 2022. The number of insecticides and acaricides for aerial treatment in 2010 was 17, and in 2022 - 34, that is, it has doubled, which is 25.7%. The largest group of pesticides registered in Ukraine for aerial application is the group of desiccants, which doubled from 29 in 2010 to 57 in 2022 and makes up 42.5% as of 2022. When conducting an analysis of individual groups of pesticides, it was established that the rates of growth of herbicides - 10% (of which combined - 600%), insecticides and acaricides - 100% (of which combined - 60%), fungicides - 425% (of which combined - 500%), desiccants - 96.6%. \u0000Conclusion. The registration of chemical plant protection products for use by UAVs is important in general, because this method has less negative impact on the health of workers and the state of the environment. In addition, the registration for such use of formulations for aerial treatment is relevant, as it is a perspective, effective and safe alternative to them.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46052730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AVERAGE POWER, FREQUENCY AND AMPLITUDE OF ACOUSTIC SIGNAL PEAKS OVER THE LUNGS IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA USING THE NEW DEVICE \"TREMBITA-CORONA\"","authors":"Y. Marushko, O. Khomych","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Community-acquired pneumonia (CАР) is an urgent problem today and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Diagnosis of pneumonia is complex and requires a comprehensive study. At present, respiratory acoustics is a promising method of diagnosis. \u0000Aim: to investigate the features of average power values, frequencies and amplitudes of acoustic signal peaks over the lungs in children with community-acquired pneumonia using a new acoustic diagnostic device \"Trembita-Corona\". \u0000Materials and methods. 120 children aged from 1 month to 18 years who were treated in pediatric departments were studied. The children were divided into two groups: Group I - 60 patients with CAP, Group II - 60 healthy children. The children from the 1st group underwent complex examinations, which required CAP. All children were also examined using the \"Trembita-Corona\" acoustic monitoring device for the diagnosis of breathing sounds and localization of lung damage zones. \u0000The study was conducted in accordance with the international principles of conducting clinical studies GCP, GLP, the protocol was approved at the meeting of the Commission on Bioethical Expertise at the National Medical University named after O.O. Bogomolets (protocol No. 138 of November 10, 2020). Informed consent of parents/guardians was obtained for conducting the study, which was approved at the same meeting of the Commission on Bioethical Expertise at Bogomolets National Medical University (protocol № 138 of November 10, 2020). \u0000Mathematical processing was carried out on specialized software developed in the Python language in the Google Codelabs environment. Further statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in specialized programs Medstart, EZR (R-Statistics) and \"Matlab\". \u0000Results. In children, the clinical picture of CAP consisted of pulmonary (respiratory) complaints, symptoms of intoxication, RF, and local physical changes. All patients were examined for respiratory lung sounds in the frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 30 kHz using the \"Trembita-Corona\" device and the corresponding original software. The most promising are the studies of breathing noises in the ranges of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 octaves. Also, significant differences in average signal power between children with CAP and healthy children in 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 octaves were found. Using the \"Trembita-Corona\" acoustic monitoring device, reliable differences in peak frequency between children with CAP and healthy children in 0 and 5 octaves and reliable differences in peak amplitude between children with CAP and healthy children in 0, 1, 2, 3 were found. ,4,5,6 octaves. Therefore, the use of the \"Trembita-Corona\" acoustic monitoring device and the use of the developed specialized software in the Python language in the Google Codelabs environment together make it possible to hear specific acoustic signals over the entire surface of the lungs in children with CAP. \u0000Conclusion. The \"Trembita-Corona\" aco","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48125472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING WITH DIFFERENT BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILES IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION DISEASE OF MIDDLE AND ELDERLY AGE","authors":"V. Pasko","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Insufficient night-time reduction of blood pressure (BP) and night hypertension are associated with an increased risk of death regardless of the average daily BP. The study of daily BP profiles is very relevant in patients with hypertension of different age categories due to the high risk of thrombotic complications. \u0000Aim: of the study was to determine the peculiarities of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) indices in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients depending on the daily BP profile. \u0000Materials and methods. ABPM indicators were determined in 125 patients who were divided into 2 groups. 1st group (n=82) – middle-aged hypertensive patients (45-59 years old); 2nd group (n=43) – elderly hypertensive patients (60-74 years old). In the groups of middle-aged and elderly subjects 2 groups of daily BP profiles were distinguished: \"dipper\" and \"non-dipper\". \u0000Indices of ABPM were determined using a portable recorder ABPM-04 (company \"Meditech\", Hungary). Measurements of BP were performed every 15 minutes during the day (from 6 to 22 hours) and every 30 minutes at night (from 22 to 6 hours). We determined the following indices: the average daily systolic BP (SBP) (mm Hg), the average daly diastolic BP (DBP) (mm Hg), the average BP (mm Hg); the maximal daily SBP (mm Hg), the maximal daily DBP (mm Hg). The daily index (DI) was also calculated − the percentage of BP decrease at night compared to daytime BP calculated in % DI of SBP, DI of DBP, DI of average BP. \u0000Results. The baseline BP level in the average daily SBP and DBP in middle-aged patients of dipper group was significantly higher by 49,6% and corresponded to 155,9±12,0 mm Hg (p<0,001) and 50,4% and was 97,3±6,1 mm Hg (p<0,01). Similar results are observed in the average BP and the maximal daily SBP and the maximal daily DBP values which were significantly higher than the control group by 21,5% (p<0,05) and equaled 110,0±3,6 mm Hg and 21,3% and amounted to 176,3±23,5 mm Hg (p<0,05) and 23,6% and amounted to 117,0±19,2 mm Hg (p<0,05). The baseline BP level in the average daily and maximal SBP, the average daily DBP and the average BP in patients of non-dipper group was significantly higher by 50,8% (p<0,01) and corresponded to 157,1±12,9 mm Hg and 27,4% and equal to 176,9±24,0 mm Hg (p<0,05), 63,8% and amounted to 106,0±1,0 mm Hg (p<0,05) and 44% and was 124,3±6,8 mm Hg (p<0,05) too. In the surveyed elderly patients only the average daily DBP was significantly different from the corresponding control indicator and was lower by 21,4% (p<0,05) and amounted to 91,5±0,7 mm Hg in dipper and 23,1% (p<0,01) and was 93,5±0,7 mm Hg in non-dipper group. \u0000Conclusion. Non-dipper group predominates in the structure of daily BP rhythm in elderly hypertensive patients (62,8% versus 37,2%). The average BP decreases in elderly patients of non-dipper group by 11,1% (p<0,05) reliably to patients of middle age.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49358768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MANIFESTATIONS AND COMPLICATIONS OF ROTAVIRUS-POSITIVE GASTROENTERITIS AND ROTAVIRUS-NEGATIVE GASTROENTERITIS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN","authors":"А.А. Kleshchuk, Т.R. Kolotylo","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The cumulative annual statistics of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis are about 25 million outpatient visits, 2 million hospitalizations, and 180,000–450,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age. \u0000Aim: To analyze the manifestations and complications of rotavirus compared with non-rotavirus gastroenteritis in UK children. \u0000Materials and methods. A retrospective hospital-based case-control study was conducted at three sites in East London, Great Britain. Cases were children aged 1 month to 16 years who were diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis between June 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, and who were positive for rotavirus by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) on stool virology. They were compared by age, gender and month of referral to a control group with rotavirus-negative gastroenteritis. \u0000Results. Data were collected from 116 children (50 cases and 66 controls). Children with rotavirus gastroenteritis were more likely to have metabolic acidosis (pH 7.30 vs. 7.37) and fever (74% vs. 46%) and were more likely to require hospitalization compared with children with non-rotavirus gastroenteritis. (93% vs. 73%). Neurological complications were the most common extraintestinal manifestations, but did not differ significantly between children with rotavirus-positive gastroenteritis (RPG) and rotavirus-negative gastroenteritis (RNG) (24% vs. 15%, respectively). Encephalopathy occurred only in children with rotavirus infection. \u0000Conclusion. Therefore, rotavirus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preschool children. Seizures and milder neurologic signs were common and associated with multiple pathogens, but encephalopathy occurred only in children with rotavirus-positive gastroenteritis (RPG). Timely vaccination against rotavirus can prevent serious consequences.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41582130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME. REVIEW","authors":"H.V. Mostbauer, A. Bezrodnyi, O. Rokyta, Y.M. Moskalenko, M.I. Shevchyk","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background.  Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among adults worldwide. On another hand, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common in patients with CVD, and can worsen the patients prognosis due to late diagnosis.  \u0000Aim: to analyze and summarize the published researches about interrelation between CVD and OSAS, its influence on CVD, and the effects of continuous airway pressure (CPAP) treatment of OSAS on CVD in order to pay attention to OSAS potential risks, improve the investigation of this syndrome and management. \u0000Materials and methods. Review of scientific literature in the international electronic scientometric databases PubMed, Google Scholar by key words for the period 2008-2023. The search was carried out by two independent authors. 150 sources were selected, 48 English–language articles of which met all the search criteria and  were used for analysis. \u0000Results. OSAS is one of the widespread sleep disorders that frequently occurs in patients with CVD, impairs quality of life. Its increases cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular morbidity. OSAS is observed in patients with arterial hypertension in 30-83%, coronary heart disease in 38-65%, stroke in 57-65%, heart failure in 12-55%, heart rhythm disorders - in 20-50%. In addition, the relationship between OSAS and diabetes, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, depression, and cognitive impairment has been established. OSAS is often not diagnosed or not diagnosed in time. Thus, there are data that 86-95% OSAS, clinically manifestated, were  missed diagnosis, that  worsens the prognosis of such patients. \u0000Conclusions. OSAS is a common sleep breathing disorder in patients with CVD that is often diagnosed late. Most studies have shown that OSAS worsens the CVD course and outcomes. Therefore early diagnosis and timely appropriate treatment reduce morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49568324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF CHARACTERISTICS OF BEHAVIORAL REACTIONS OF RATS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL STROKE WITH ANXIETY-DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS","authors":"Zh.H. Slobodyan, I. V. Savуtskyi","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background. According to the estimates of the World Health Organization for 2021, 615 million people (about 10% of the population of the world) showed symptoms of depressive or anxious disorders. Among the main causes of death in the population, the first half of the year continues to suffer from diseases of the circulatory system, and forecasts indicate a savings trend to an increase. Therefore, the development of anxiety-depressive disorders on aphids of ischemic stroke is relevant. \u0000Aim: to investigate the specificity of TDR on aphids of experimental ischemic stroke in the eyes. \u0000Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on 30 non-linear laboratory tests, which were divided into 3 groups: group 1 - contact control, group 2 - animals of the group with simulated ischemic stroke; 3rd group - blindness with modeled ischemic stroke and anxiety-depressive disorders. The recovery of ischemic stroke in juveniles was performed using an additional model of endovascular occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (focal ischemia) by E. Z. Longa. A model of reserpine-induced depression in the eyes was selected for the morbidized morbidity of pathophysiological lanquences of anxiety-depressive disorders. To assess the experimental behavioral models of depression on laboratory tests, we used tests - “open the field” and “apply a cross-like labyrinth”. \u0000Results. Achievements in the test \"chrest-like labyrinth\" were confirmed by an increase in the hour of turning the eyes in the dark sleeves of the labyrinth (a marker of increased anxiety) and a decrease in the hour of the change in the lighted cottages. Zokrema, in a group of animals with a modeled ischemic stroke, the latent period of entry to the dark chamber of growth (p<0.05), as well as in the eyes with comorbid pathology (p<0.05) was compared with the intact group. \u0000There was a decrease in the hour of perebuvannya in clarified sleeves, as well as the number of clarified sleeves in both experimental groups of creatures. \u0000Conclusion. Significant changes in psychophysiological tests were noted for the minds of an ischemic stroke, however, in animals with a modeled comorbid pathology, there were more manifestations of changes in all indications, which indicated a strengthening of the anxiety of that change. Obtained results require the destruction of pathophysiological mechanisms of depressive-anxious disorders on aphids of cerebrovascular changes.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46838521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF STEM CELLS IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES","authors":"Y. Cui, Ya.A. Shemet, S. Ziablitsev","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The article is devoted to an analytical review of the methods of using stem cells in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). \u0000Aim: to analyze, based on the data of the literature, the prospects of using stem cells for the treatment of DM. \u0000Materials and methods. Review of scientific literature in the international electronic scientometric databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science by keywords for the period 20017-2023. The search was carried out by three independent authors. 98 sources were selected for analysis, of which 33 were used that met the search criteria. \u0000Results. DM is a serious problem for the health care system worldwide, which requires the development of new innovative and effective therapeutic approaches. The use of stem cells is one such promising strategy for solving this problem. The ability of stem cells to differentiate into various body cells, including beta cells of the pancreas, was analyzed. Animal studies have demonstrated the ability to improve insulin synthesis and lower blood glucose levels. The use of stem cells in the treatment of DM is not a widespread approach and requires additional clinical studies. General information on the use of stem cells in the treatment of diabetes is presented and the prospects of this method of therapy are outlined. \u0000Conclusions. The use of stem cells in the treatment of diabetes is a promising technology that may open new opportunities for the treatment of this disease. However, more research needs to be done, a number of technical, ethical, and legal issues need to be addressed, as well as regulatory standards for the production and use of stem cells.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43237073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONDITION OF THE BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM AND RISK OF VENOUS THROMBOSIS AND EMBOLISM IN ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS AND ITS COMPLICATIONS","authors":"B. Matviychuk, M. Kavka, O. Matviychuk, О.О. Samchuk","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) is one of the most frequent causes of urgent hospitalization in general surgical departments. It is known that the pathways of inflammation and coagulation are closely related. The most striking manifestation of a violation of hemostasis and rheology under the influence of the inflammatory process is the development of hypercoagulation in acute cholecystitis. \u0000Aim: determine the condition of the blood coagulation system and assessing the risk of venous thrombosis and embolism (VTE) during treatment of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis and its complications. \u0000Materials and methods. The design of the study was retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 206 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) and its complications in the Department of surgery and endoscopy of Postgraduate education faculty, Lviv Danylo Halytsky national medical university (at Municipal non-profit enterprise \"1st Territorial medical association of Lviv\", St. Panteleimon hospital) for the period 2014-2018. Women predominated – 135 (65.5%). Age distribution of patients ranged 18-90 (average – 60.8±15.83). The length of stay of patients in the hospital ranged 1-41 days. Following forms of ACC were: phlegmonous – 86 (41,7%), gangrenous – 115 (55,8%), perforated – 5 (2,4%) patients. \u0000Results. Of the entire cohort, cholecystomy was performed in 190 (92.2%) patients, of which 129 (62.6%) underwent laparoscopic and 61 (29.6%) – conventional. Cholecystectomy lasted from 15 min to 1.5 hours (average duration 65±46.15 min). During the laboratory examination in patients with complicated ACC, coagulation system was studied, in which the presence of normocoagulation was detected in 19.2% of patients, hypocoagulation – in 30.4% and hypercoagulation – in 50.4%. Examination of the hemostasiogram in patients with complicated ACC revealed hypocoagulation with the following parameters: prothrombin time – 17”, prothrombin index – 74.2%, fibrinogen – 2.63 g/L; hypercoagulation with the following indicators: prothrombin time – 6.5”, prothrombin index – 130.2%, fibrinogen – 6.5 g/L. The risk of VTE in the treatment of patients with ACC and its complications was assessed by the J. Caprini scale and found that the vast majority (over 71.8%) of patients have a high and very high risk of thromboembolic complications, namely: low risk – 5.8%; average – 12.6%; high – 45.2%; very high – 36.4%. \u0000Conclusion. Hypercoagulation is present in 79.3% of patients with uncomplicated and complicated ACC. The appearance of complications of ACC leads to the development of hypercoagulation in 50.4% of patients. Number of patients with complicated ACC with an extremely high risk of VTE according to J. Caprini scale significantly exceeds (p<0,05) the number without complications and is 52.2%. Inclusion of test for blood D-dimers in the examination protocol and ultrasonographic scanning of the veins of the lower extremities will facilitate the early","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43272831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF POST-MORTEM BIOCHEMISTRY IN THE FORENSIC MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MECHANICAL INJURY (literature review)","authors":"N. Erhard, A. Biliakov","doi":"10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Mechanical trauma occupies one of the leading places in forensic medical examination. The main task of the expert, when conducting this kind of examination, is to provide a scientifically based answer to the questions of the pre-trial investigation bodies or the court, which relate not only to the determination of the mechanism of the injury, but also to the time period of its occurrence. Traditional methods of morphological research and methods of laboratory analyzes cannot always provide comprehensive information, especially in cases of determining the age of mechanical trauma in the early Post-mortem period. Therefore, new methods of biochemical research are being actively introduced into forensic medical practice. \u0000Aim: Analysis of the literature devoted to the application of various biochemical diagnostic methods in forensic medical practice to establish the antiquity of mechanical trauma. \u0000Results. In pathological conditions, such as, for example, trauma, certain molecular changes occur in the human body, which are associated with a systemic reaction to a stress factor and are manifested before the appearance of morphological changes in tissues and organs. Therefore, the use of biochemical research methods will significantly expand the possibilities of forensic diagnostics. The publication shows promising directions for the application of the biochemical method for forensic trauma diagnosis. Issues of establishing the statute of limitations for mechanical injuries are considered. Today, scientific studies of the body's stress state in cases of fatal injuries are becoming more and more common. Which is of great importance for forensic medical expert practice. Therefore, the role of manifestations of the body's systemic response to trauma is described. The role of natriuretic peptides, creatine kinase and procalcitonin in diagnosing the duration of the traumatic process is also shown. \u0000Conclusion. The relevance and practical significance of biochemical research for the forensic diagnosis of the time of occurrence of a mechanical injury, as well as the development of new diagnostic criteria for determining the body's systemic response to trauma, necessitated a deep and comprehensive study of the above problems.","PeriodicalId":52737,"journal":{"name":"Medichna nauka Ukrayini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41551353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}