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Perceptions and Satisfaction of Saudi Medical Students with Neurology Education: A National Exploratory Study 沙特医学生对神经学教育的认知和满意度:一项全国性的探索性研究
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2991/dsahmj.k.190820.001
R. Aljthalin, R. Aljthalin, A. S. Aljagwani, Dareen Abdulelah Alanazi, B. A. Almeflh, A. Alharbi
Perceiving difficulty in learning neurology is not a recent issue. More than two decades ago, a British survey among medical students estimated that approximately half of medical students experience neurophobia at a given time during their education [3]. Furthermore, the study identified three main issues related to learning neurology: the necessity to have good knowledge of basic neurosciences, the quality of teaching, and the difficulty of carrying out neurological examinations [3]. Surprisingly, subsequent and recent studies all over the world (e.g., American [4], Canadian [5], Chinese [6], Indian [7], Irish [8], British [9,10], and Saudi studies [2,11]) had comparable findings concerning difficulties with neurology education.
认知学习神经学的困难并不是最近才出现的问题。二十多年前,英国对医学生的一项调查估计,大约有一半的医学生在他们的教育过程中经历过神经恐惧症[3]。此外,该研究确定了与神经学学习相关的三个主要问题:掌握基础神经科学知识的必要性、教学质量以及开展神经学检查的难度[3]。令人惊讶的是,世界各地的后续和近期研究(如美国[4]、加拿大[5]、中国[6]、印度[7]、爱尔兰[8]、英国[9,10]和沙特研究[2,11])都有类似的关于神经学教育困难的研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
Gender and Spatial Disparities of Suicide Mortality Risk in Kermanshah Province, Iran: A Brief Report 伊朗克尔曼沙阿省自杀死亡风险的性别和空间差异:一份简短报告
Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2991/dsahmj.k.190827.001
Mehran Rostami, A. Jalilian, S. Rezaeian, A. Kamali
In Iran, the estimated rate of complete suicide (2006–10) was about five per 100,000 population [1]. Several sociodemographic and economic factors (such as average household expenditure, unemployment rate, and divorce rate) were positively associated with suicide mortality [2]. In addition, marital problems and family conflicts are the two well-known familial risk factors for suicide [3]. Iran’s western provinces have a higher suicide rate compared to the other provinces in the country [1,4]. In addition, Kermanshah province has a noticeably higher suicide rate compared to the national average [1,5]. A previous study conducted in Kermanshah has also reported multiple individual level factors associated with the risk of attempted or completed suicide [6]. Determining the temporal and seasonal patterns of disease helps identify different spatial patterns over time and improve our understanding of the risk factors affecting the distribution of disease and death across the population and set them in the form of geographical maps [5,7]. Meanwhile, a previous ecological study has been conducted to visualize spatial heterogeneity in suicide mortality risk across the counties of the province [8]. Therefore, to improve preventive measures, a better understanding of the distribution of suicide at the national and subnational levels is important. So, the aim of this study is to update spatial variations in the risk of complete suicide across the counties of Kermanshah province, the most populated western province of Iran. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
在伊朗,估计的完全自杀率(2006 - 2010)约为每10万人中有5人[1]。一些社会人口和经济因素(如平均家庭支出、失业率和离婚率)与自杀死亡率呈正相关[2]。此外,婚姻问题和家庭冲突是自杀的两个众所周知的家庭危险因素[3]。与伊朗其他省份相比,伊朗西部省份的自杀率更高[1,4]。此外,克尔曼沙阿省的自杀率明显高于全国平均水平[1,5]。先前在Kermanshah进行的一项研究也报道了与企图或完成自杀风险相关的多个个体层面因素[6]。确定疾病的时间和季节模式有助于确定不同时间的空间模式,并提高我们对影响人口中疾病和死亡分布的风险因素的理解,并将其以地理地图的形式设置[5,7]。与此同时,之前的一项生态学研究对全省各县自杀死亡率风险的空间异质性进行了可视化研究[8]。因此,为了改进预防措施,更好地了解自杀在国家和国家以下各级的分布是很重要的。因此,本研究的目的是更新克尔曼沙赫省各县完全自杀风险的空间变化,克尔曼沙赫省是伊朗人口最多的西部省份。材料与方法
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引用次数: 3
Tick-borne Encephalitis—Need to know for Professionals outside Endemic Areas 蜱传脑炎——疫区以外专业人员需要了解的知识
Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190722.001
R. Steffen
Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) is an often severe infection ecologically associated with an arbovirus, taxonomically with a flavivirus [1,2]. Usually it is transmitted to humans as accidental hosts by a tick “bite”—more precisely, a sting. Transmission through unpasteurized milk occasionally has been described [3]. Not only thousands of residents within endemic areas are affected by TBE [4], but also a substantial number of foreign visitors who expose themselves to risk mainly outside the center of large cities become patients [5]. Thus, it is essential that health professionals in all parts of the world are aware of the essentials of this infection.
蜱传脑炎(TBE)是一种在生态学上与虫媒病毒相关的严重感染,分类学上与黄病毒相关[1,2]。通常,它是通过蜱虫的“叮咬”——更准确地说,是刺痛——作为偶然宿主传播给人类的。通过未经巴氏消毒的牛奶传播偶尔也有报道[3]。不仅流行区内成千上万的居民受到TBE的影响[4],而且大量主要在大城市中心以外暴露于风险的外国游客也成为患者[5]。因此,世界各地的卫生专业人员必须了解这种感染的基本情况。
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引用次数: 1
Combating Open Defecation through Community-led Sanitation 通过社区主导的卫生设施打击露天排便
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190626.001
D. Giribabu, P. Bharadwaj, Rutvik Sitiraju, M. Burra, P. Rao, C. Reddy
1Regional Remote Sensing Centre – West, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India 2School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India 3Department of Economics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110005, India 4Department of General Medicine, Zaporozhye State Medical University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine 5Department of Environmental Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530003, India 6Forestry and Ecology Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana 500625, India
1印度空间研究组织国家遥感中心西部区域遥感中心,拉贾斯坦邦焦特布尔342005,印度2全印度医学研究所公共卫生学院,拉贾斯坦邦焦特布尔342005,印度3德里大学汉斯拉杰学院经济系,新德里110005,印度4扎波罗热国立医科大学综合医学系,乌克兰5安得拉邦大学环境科学系,维萨卡帕特南,印度6国家遥感中心林业与生态处,印度泰伦加纳500625
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引用次数: 8
A Large Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Pleura Associated with Massive Pleural Effusion: A Case Report and Review of the Literature 胸膜大孤立性纤维性肿瘤伴大量胸腔积液1例报告及文献复习
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190527.001
H. Lateef, M. Al-Khateeb
The tumor, which can vary in size, rarely occupies most of the pleural cavity and could be localized or diffuse [2]. The onset of illness can be completely asymptomatic, and the tumor is usually discovered incidentally; more commonly, however, patients present with respiratory symptoms, including severe respiratory distress. In rare cases, the tumor can present with significant metabolic derangement such as hypokalemia and hypoglycemia, collectively known as Doege–Potter syndrome [3,4]. Most solitary fibrous tumors are benign, and only 20% are not [5]. En bloc resection is the standard treatment for both benign and malignant SFTPs; however, close follow-up is mandatory in all cases, especially when dealing with large tumors.
肿瘤大小不一,很少占据大部分胸膜腔,可为局部或弥漫性[2]。发病时可以完全无症状,肿瘤通常是偶然发现的;然而,更常见的是,患者出现呼吸道症状,包括严重的呼吸窘迫。在极少数情况下,肿瘤可出现明显的代谢紊乱,如低钾血症和低血糖,统称为Doege-Potter综合征[3,4]。大多数孤立性纤维性肿瘤为良性,只有20%为非良性[5]。整体切除是良恶性sfs的标准治疗方法;然而,在所有情况下,密切随访是强制性的,特别是在处理大肿瘤时。
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引用次数: 2
Liver Abscess in a Term Baby: A Case Report and Review of Literature 足月婴儿肝脓肿1例报告及文献复习
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190521.001
Sajjad Rahman, A. Ghalib, M. Abdulghani, A. Jan
Liver abscess in the neonatal period is a rare disorder with potentially serious morbidity. The disorder can occur both in term and preterm babies. Newborn babies with lower gestational age, lower birth weight, invasive procedures (umbilical lines or central venous lines), immunodeficiency, and those on parenteral nutrition remain at higher risk [1]. The recent widespread and efficient use of bedside ultrasound (US) scans in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) have made it easy to rule in or rule out liver abscess in a baby with clinical features of sepsis and hepatomegaly. We report a case of liver abscess secondary to sepsis in a term neonate. The baby required surgical drainage with complete resolution. The relevant literature is also reviewed.
肝脓肿在新生儿期是一种罕见的疾病,潜在的严重发病率。这种疾病可能发生在足月婴儿和早产儿身上。低胎龄、低出生体重、侵入性手术(脐线或中心静脉线)、免疫缺陷和肠外营养的新生儿仍有较高的风险[1]。最近在新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)广泛而有效地使用床边超声(US)扫描,可以很容易地在具有败血症和肝肿大临床特征的婴儿中排除或排除肝脓肿。我们报告一例肝脓肿继发脓毒症在一个足月新生儿。婴儿需要手术引流完全解决。并对相关文献进行了综述。
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引用次数: 4
Intensive Care Unit Patients’ Perception of Sleep Quality and Factors of Sleep Disruption: Cross-sectional Study 重症监护病房病人对睡眠质量的感知与睡眠中断因素:横断面研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190530.001
A. A. Mutair
There are several causes of sleep deprivation, which is a common problem among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) [1]. Cicek et al. [2] conducted a study in Coronary Intensive Care Units (CICU) on 100 patients using Freedman et al.’ s sleep quality questionnaire. The results showed that lighting, nurses’ intervention, and drawing of blood samples are the most disruptive activities in the CICU. Naik et al. [3] conducted a cross-sectional study using Richards–Campbell sleep questionnaire, and results showed poor sleep quality in 15 of the 32 patients included in the study. They also showed that age, patient’s physiology, and chronic health were related to sleep quality. Meanwhile, Zhang et al. [4] conducted a cross-sectional study using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index on 152 thoracic surgery patients in the ICU; they reported that around 46.1% of the patients reported poor sleep quality.
睡眠剥夺有多种原因,这是重症监护病房(ICU)患者普遍存在的问题[1]。Cicek等[2]使用Freedman等的睡眠质量问卷,在冠状动脉重症监护病房(CICU)对100例患者进行了研究。结果表明,照明、护士干预和采血是重症监护室最具破坏性的活动。Naik等[3]采用Richards-Campbell睡眠问卷进行横断面研究,32例患者中有15例睡眠质量较差。他们还表明,年龄、患者的生理和慢性健康状况与睡眠质量有关。Zhang等[4]采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数对152例ICU胸外科患者进行了横断面研究;他们报告说,大约46.1%的患者报告睡眠质量差。
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引用次数: 7
Prevalence of Nonadherence to Antihypertensive Medications among Adults Attending Primary Healthcare Clinics in Al-Hasa Region: A Cross-Sectional Study 在Al-Hasa地区初级卫生保健诊所就诊的成人中抗高血压药物不依从的患病率:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190516.001
Abdulrahim M Alkhamis, A. Alsalman, M. Khamis, Abdullah Alkhamis, N. Alotaibi
1Surveillance Department, General Directorate of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia 3Critical Care Department, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia 4Dental Department, Garyat Alolya General Hospital, Garyat Alolya, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
1沙特阿拉伯利雅得卫生部感染预防控制总局监测处2沙特阿拉伯拉法哈北部边境大学药学院临床药剂科3沙特阿拉伯东部省达曼法赫德国王专科医院重症监护科4沙特阿拉伯东部省加里亚特阿罗利亚总医院牙科科5沙特阿拉伯东部省加里亚特阿罗利亚药学院药剂科北部边境大学,Rafha,沙特阿拉伯
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引用次数: 6
Neonatal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Private Set Up in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯三级医疗机构的新生儿死亡率
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190521.002
Sajjad Rahman, M. Abdulghani, K. Faleh, J. Anabrees, Mohammad Khalil, K. Mousafeiris, M. M. Mustafa, Maha Mansour, A. Mirza, M. Mubarak, M. Kamal
Childhood mortality (number of deaths among children younger than 5 years, including neonatal deaths) has declined substantially between 1970 and 2016 [1]. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the new global initiative of the World Health Organization, has set a target of under five mortality rate ≤25 deaths per 1000 live births and a Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) ≤ 12 deaths per 1000 live births [2]. All United Nations Member States are expected to achieve these SDG targets between 2016 and 2030 [2]. The countries with high Sociodemographic Index (SDI) had already achieved their target NMR before the launch of the SDG program [1]. This includes six Gulf Cooperation Council countries in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, and Oman. Saudi Arabia has a well-developed healthcare system; both in the public and private sectors. Saudi Arabia’s published national neonatal mortality data are cumulative countrywide data from both public and private hospitals. The country does not have formal and exclusive research-based neonatal mortality data from its private sector. We conducted this research study to fill this gap in knowledge. In addition, we wanted to analyze the contribution of birth defects to NMR in the high SDI population of Saudi Arabia because, along with all other Arab countries, Saudi Arabia is classified as one of the Red Zone countries with highest incidence of birth defects in the world [3].
1970年至2016年期间,儿童死亡率(5岁以下儿童死亡人数,包括新生儿死亡人数)大幅下降[1]。可持续发展目标(SDGs)是世界卫生组织新的全球倡议,设定了五岁以下儿童死亡率≤每1000例活产死亡25例,新生儿死亡率(NMR)≤每1000例活产死亡12例的目标[2]。所有联合国会员国都有望在2016年至2030年期间实现这些可持续发展目标[2]。在可持续发展目标计划启动之前,社会人口指数(SDI)较高的国家已经实现了其目标NMR[1]。这包括中东地区的六个海湾合作委员会成员国:沙特阿拉伯、科威特、巴林、卡塔尔、阿拉伯联合酋长国和阿曼。沙特阿拉伯拥有发达的医疗体系;无论是在公共部门还是私营部门。沙特阿拉伯公布的全国新生儿死亡率数据是来自全国公立和私立医院的累积数据。该国没有私营部门提供的正式和专门的以研究为基础的新生儿死亡率数据。我们进行这项研究是为了填补这方面的知识空白。此外,我们想分析沙特阿拉伯高SDI人群中出生缺陷对NMR的贡献,因为与所有其他阿拉伯国家一样,沙特阿拉伯被列为世界上出生缺陷发生率最高的红区国家之一[3]。
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引用次数: 1
Prevalence of Intensive-care-unit-acquired Thrombocytopenia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sudan 苏丹三级医院重症监护病房获得性血小板减少症的流行
Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2991/DSAHMJ.K.190617.002
Sara Rahama, K. Mirghani, M. Hussein, Sami Menasri
Thrombocytopenia defined as a platelet count <150,000/mm3 [1–4] is the commonest haemostatic disorder in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), affecting 20–40% of them [5]. In Egypt, the blood disorder has been found to affect 20% of the patients admitted to the ICU. It has been linked to higher mortality, increased transfusion requirements, and higher risk for developing septic shock [6]. In India, the prevalence of ICU-acquired thrombocytopenia was found to be 37.57% [2].
血小板减少症定义为血小板计数<150,000/mm3[1-4],是重症监护病房(ICU)患者中最常见的止血障碍,影响20-40%的患者[5]。在埃及,这种血液疾病已被发现影响到ICU收治的20%的患者。它与较高的死亡率、输血需求增加以及发生感染性休克的高风险有关[6]。在印度,icu获得性血小板减少症的患病率为37.57%[2]。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Dr Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Journal
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