Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-10
K. Borysenko, V. Popov, Polina Oblogina
Formulation of the problem. The article represents the practical experience of the bottom echo sounding and processing of the data received for digital elevation modelling. The relevance and specificity of using sonar equipment to study the specificity of the morphology of the underwater relief of small hydrological features are covered. The domestic and foreign publications in this area are analysed, and therefore the conclusion of the issue being not studied enough in domestic sources is made. Methods. The analysis of literature sources on modelling the river network, visualization of relief models. The bathymetric survey data was used to compile a bathymetric map of the river and build a digital elevation model. The purpose of the article is sharing developer experience in making of digital elevation models of a section of the riverbed on the example of the Siverskyi Donets River (near Haidary village, Chuguevskiy district, Kharkiv region). Processing of measurement data received as a result of echo sounder surveys. Preservation and recording of general information received to expand the river bottom relief database. Provide an overview of the uses and applications of geoinformation technologies, determine the research prospects based on the developed digital elevation models. Results. The results of echo sounding and post-processing of the data received using specialized software are presented. The section of the Siverskyi Donets River in the area of the geographical educational and scientific station «Haidary» was chosen as the territory for the hydrographic research (Haidary village, Chuguevsky District, Kharkiv region). The field part of the research was conducted using the equipment of the material and technical basis of the Physical Geography and Cartography Department of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, for instance using the Lawrance Elite 7 TI chartplotter-echosounder with modern scanning modes CHIRP, DownScan, StrucureScan. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The specificity of creating and visualizing in the ReefMaster software package is covered in the article. A model of the bottom of the corresponding section of the Siverskyi Donets River and a depth map, which will allow the future analysis of the dynamics and the prediction of changes of the bed configuration, have been developed on the basis of the field work results. The advantages of using budget equipment and software for performing underwater relief studies of such hydrological objects are formulated. The novelty of the study is not only the use of the methodological foundations of digital modelling, but also the alternative classification approaches for describing the relief and conducting morphostructural analysis based on the GIS technologies.
{"title":"Elevation modelling of an area of the Siverskyi Donets riverbed (near Haidary village, Chuguyevskiy district, Kharkiv region)","authors":"K. Borysenko, V. Popov, Polina Oblogina","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-10","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The article represents the practical experience of the bottom echo sounding and processing of the data received for digital elevation modelling. The relevance and specificity of using sonar equipment to study the specificity of the morphology of the underwater relief of small hydrological features are covered. The domestic and foreign publications in this area are analysed, and therefore the conclusion of the issue being not studied enough in domestic sources is made.\u0000\u0000Methods. The analysis of literature sources on modelling the river network, visualization of relief models. The bathymetric survey data was used to compile a bathymetric map of the river and build a digital elevation model.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the article is sharing developer experience in making of digital elevation models of a section of the riverbed on the example of the Siverskyi Donets River (near Haidary village, Chuguevskiy district, Kharkiv region). Processing of measurement data received as a result of echo sounder surveys. Preservation and recording of general information received to expand the river bottom relief database. Provide an overview of the uses and applications of geoinformation technologies, determine the research prospects based on the developed digital elevation models.\u0000\u0000Results. The results of echo sounding and post-processing of the data received using specialized software are presented. The section of the Siverskyi Donets River in the area of the geographical educational and scientific station «Haidary» was chosen as the territory for the hydrographic research (Haidary village, Chuguevsky District, Kharkiv region). The field part of the research was conducted using the equipment of the material and technical basis of the Physical Geography and Cartography Department of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, for instance using the Lawrance Elite 7 TI chartplotter-echosounder with modern scanning modes CHIRP, DownScan, StrucureScan.\u0000\u0000Scientific novelty and practical significance. The specificity of creating and visualizing in the ReefMaster software package is covered in the article. A model of the bottom of the corresponding section of the Siverskyi Donets River and a depth map, which will allow the future analysis of the dynamics and the prediction of changes of the bed configuration, have been developed on the basis of the field work results. The advantages of using budget equipment and software for performing underwater relief studies of such hydrological objects are formulated. The novelty of the study is not only the use of the methodological foundations of digital modelling, but also the alternative classification approaches for describing the relief and conducting morphostructural analysis based on the GIS technologies.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83019365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-01
Kostiantyn Niemets, Ihor Udalov, Anatoliy Lurye, V. Pribilova, O. Krainiukov
Formulation of the problem. The paper is the beginning of scientific papers series of authors on an actual environmental topic – multidimensional system geomonitoring of groundwater in water intakes areas. The purpose of article is a substantiation of application possibility of the method of objects trajectory modeling in the normalized phase space, which has been developed at V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University for socio-geographical monitoring tasks, for hydrogeological objects geomonitoring. Materials and methods. The research is based on the method of objects trajectory modeling in the normalized phase space. To achieve the purpose of this study, geomonitoring data of five water intakes in Poltava city, which operate Cenomanian-Lower Cretaceous aquifer, has been used. Changes in the average chemical composition of groundwater for each water intake have been analyzed according to 12 indicators: pH, hardness, dry residue, ammonium, fluorine, chlorine, sulfates, bicarbonates, calcium, magnesium, sodium+potassium, ferrous iron. The initial data have been collected from 1981 to 2008 according to an irregular pattern in time (39 points in time). Research results. The following indicators of systemic development of hydrogeological system have been calculated for each water intake: a) for each period of time – the path length traveled by the water intake hydrogeological system, which characterizes the intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition; b) for each control time – the projection of current trajectory point on the optimal trajectory (main diagonal), the deviation of point from the optimal trajectory, the progress coefficient (the ratio of point projection to the length of main diagonal). The main trends in the systemic development of hydrogeological system for all studied water intakes have been identified: - the intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition at water intakes Nos. 1-5 decreases over time, which can be explained by the reduction of water withdrawal and hydrodynamic factors associated with the formation of depression funnel, in particular the spreading of quasi-stationary filtration regime; - according to the absolute values of changes intensity in the groundwater chemical composition, the water intake No. 3 is highlighted, the value of which is significantly less than the values of other water intakes; - groundwater at the water intake No. 1 has the greatest variability in the changes intensity of chemical composition over time both in amplitude and in absolute values; - there is a very noticeable synchronization of movement intensity graphs of water intakes hydrogeological systems in the normalized phase space and the average intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition, but a detailed analysis reveals some deviations from this pattern, which may be due to abrupt changes in operation mode of water intakes.
{"title":"Multidimensional system geomonitoring of groundwater in water in-takes areas (on the example of Poltava city). Part 1. Identification of system development of hydrogeological process","authors":"Kostiantyn Niemets, Ihor Udalov, Anatoliy Lurye, V. Pribilova, O. Krainiukov","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-01","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The paper is the beginning of scientific papers series of authors on an actual environmental topic – multidimensional system geomonitoring of groundwater in water intakes areas.\u0000\u0000The purpose of article is a substantiation of application possibility of the method of objects trajectory modeling in the normalized phase space, which has been developed at V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University for socio-geographical monitoring tasks, for hydrogeological objects geomonitoring.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The research is based on the method of objects trajectory modeling in the normalized phase space.\u0000\u0000To achieve the purpose of this study, geomonitoring data of five water intakes in Poltava city, which operate Cenomanian-Lower Cretaceous aquifer, has been used. Changes in the average chemical composition of groundwater for each water intake have been analyzed according to 12 indicators: pH, hardness, dry residue, ammonium, fluorine, chlorine, sulfates, bicarbonates, calcium, magnesium, sodium+potassium, ferrous iron. The initial data have been collected from 1981 to 2008 according to an irregular pattern in time (39 points in time).\u0000\u0000Research results. The following indicators of systemic development of hydrogeological system have been calculated for each water intake: a) for each period of time – the path length traveled by the water intake hydrogeological system, which characterizes the intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition;\u0000\u0000b) for each control time – the projection of current trajectory point on the optimal trajectory (main diagonal), the deviation of point from the optimal trajectory, the progress coefficient (the ratio of point projection to the length of main diagonal).\u0000The main trends in the systemic development of hydrogeological system for all studied water intakes have been identified:\u0000\u0000- the intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition at water intakes Nos. 1-5 decreases over time, which can be explained by the reduction of water withdrawal and hydrodynamic factors associated with the formation of depression funnel, in particular the spreading of quasi-stationary filtration regime;\u0000\u0000- according to the absolute values of changes intensity in the groundwater chemical composition, the water intake No. 3 is highlighted, the value of which is significantly less than the values of other water intakes;\u0000\u0000- groundwater at the water intake No. 1 has the greatest variability in the changes intensity of chemical composition over time both in amplitude and in absolute values;\u0000\u0000- there is a very noticeable synchronization of movement intensity graphs of water intakes hydrogeological systems in the normalized phase space and the average intensity of changes in the groundwater chemical composition, but a detailed analysis reveals some deviations from this pattern, which may be due to abrupt changes in operation mode of water intakes.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80878545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-09
R. Bespalko, T. Hutsul
Formulation of the problem. The catchment area and surface runoff volume – morphometric parameters calculated from digital terrain models – are widely used in geographic information analysis of the area. They are attributed to the block of hydrological parameters, where they are basic concepts. The emergence and widespread usage of GIS tools has greatly simplified this labor-intensive process. However, the complexity of the applied algorithms forms the sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters, the values of most of which are selected by the user through numerous attempts and tests. The research methodology. The study examines the most common GIS tools from many existing ones that support hydrology tools – ArcGIS, Global Mapper, SAGA GIS, Surfer. Finding out the principles of operation of hydrological tools in different GIS environments and the applied algorithms was one of the goals, the solution of which was revealed in the process of research methodology. The same set of initial data obtained as a result of vectorization of relief elements of a fragment of a topographic map of the research territory is used for all software. The digital terrain model was prepared taking into account the requirements and features of hydrologically correct models. The initial data were checked for topological correctness. In order to determine the influence of separate DEM on the results of the boundaries, its modeling was performed in three versions – 10 × 10 m; 25 × 25 m; 50 × 50 m. According to the same algorithm in each of the GIS tools, the boundaries of the basins were selected. The obtained map metrics were entered into comparative tables, and in some cases were subject to correlation analysis. As a result of studies. The correct location and accurate plotting of the catchment areas of water bodies on the cartographic material has a decisive influence on the accuracy of determining their areas. No direct relationship was found between the effect of the DEM resolution on the results of modeling the boundaries of catchment areas. However, the resolution of the DEM affects the detail of the hydrographic network. It is established that for the same parameter ( ), there is a linear relationship between the cell size and the total length of the river network within the studied basins. Despite the study of hydrological modeling algorithms used in GIS tools, the most difficult is the special sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters. A correlation (very high level of connection) has been established, which consists in reducing the length and number of selected objects of watercourses with increasing the threshold value of the amount of runoff ( ). The scientific novelty. The obtained results are aimed at increasing the accuracy of modeling the boundaries of catchment basins and calculating the derived hydrographic parameters. They can be used to generalize hydrographic network objects within dedicated catchments and to achieve a reasona
{"title":"Technological features of distribution between river basins using GIS technologies (based on the example of r. Brusnytsya)","authors":"R. Bespalko, T. Hutsul","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-09","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The catchment area and surface runoff volume – morphometric parameters calculated from digital terrain models – are widely used in geographic information analysis of the area. They are attributed to the block of hydrological parameters, where they are basic concepts.\u0000\u0000The emergence and widespread usage of GIS tools has greatly simplified this labor-intensive process. However, the complexity of the applied algorithms forms the sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters, the values of most of which are selected by the user through numerous attempts and tests.\u0000\u0000The research methodology. The study examines the most common GIS tools from many existing ones that support hydrology tools – ArcGIS, Global Mapper, SAGA GIS, Surfer. Finding out the principles of operation of hydrological tools in different GIS environments and the applied algorithms was one of the goals, the solution of which was revealed in the process of research methodology. The same set of initial data obtained as a result of vectorization of relief elements of a fragment of a topographic map of the research territory is used for all software. The digital terrain model was prepared taking into account the requirements and features of hydrologically correct models. The initial data were checked for topological correctness. In order to determine the influence of separate DEM on the results of the boundaries, its modeling was performed in three versions – 10 × 10 m; 25 × 25 m; 50 × 50 m. According to the same algorithm in each of the GIS tools, the boundaries of the basins were selected. The obtained map metrics were entered into comparative tables, and in some cases were subject to correlation analysis.\u0000\u0000As a result of studies. The correct location and accurate plotting of the catchment areas of water bodies on the cartographic material has a decisive influence on the accuracy of determining their areas.\u0000\u0000No direct relationship was found between the effect of the DEM resolution on the results of modeling the boundaries of catchment areas.\u0000\u0000However, the resolution of the DEM affects the detail of the hydrographic network. It is established that for the same parameter ( ), there is a linear relationship between the cell size and the total length of the river network within the studied basins. Despite the study of hydrological modeling algorithms used in GIS tools, the most difficult is the special sensitivity of the models to the entered parameters.\u0000\u0000A correlation (very high level of connection) has been established, which consists in reducing the length and number of selected objects of watercourses with increasing the threshold value of the amount of runoff ( ).\u0000\u0000The scientific novelty. The obtained results are aimed at increasing the accuracy of modeling the boundaries of catchment basins and calculating the derived hydrographic parameters. They can be used to generalize hydrographic network objects within dedicated catchments and to achieve a reasona","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86341178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-19
Y. Biletska, A. Nekos, A. Bekhter, A. Krivtsova, Olga Brayninger
the most urgent problems of today. Ensuring the environmental safety of food raw materials and food products is one of the main tasks that determine the health of the human population and the preservation of its gene pool. Analysis of recent research and publications. Toxic effects of Pb on human bodies have been confirmed by numerous clinical studies that have shown the negative effects of heavy metals on the nervous, cardiovascular, immune systems and oncology. The works is devoted to the development of detoxification techniques, in which scientists proposed to reduce the content of heavy metals in chernozems by detoxifying soils by growing battery plants on them, which will «extract» heavy metals from soils disinfecting them. The disadvantage of the proposed technologies is the economic costs borne by farmers, producers and consumers. Farmers will suffer financial losses due to idle sown areas and the cost of seed. Producers will be forced to raise prices for the final food product as a result of reduced consumer purchasing power. Formulation of the purpose of the article. The aim of the article is to determine ways to optimize lead-contaminated chernozem soils in the system «soil – plant» (on the example of chernozem soils within the test sites on the territory of the collection nursery «Agrotek» in Kyiv region). Presentation of the main research material. The article presents the results of a study of ways to optimize lead-contaminated chernozem soils in the system «soil – plant». The objects of the study were soybean and chickpea varieties of different vegetation varieties, namely: ultra-early varieties, maturation period 95… 105 days. Мedium, maturation period 100…115 days. Мedium-ripe varieties maturation period115…125 days. Early ripening varieties of chickpeas growing period 95…115 days, and medium-ripe sotu chickpeas, growing period 115…125 days. Experimental studies were conducted during 2019 – 2021 within the test sites on the territory of the collection nursery «Agrotek» in Kyiv region. The method of ion exchange and liquid chromatography on the liquid chromatograph Shimadzu LC-20 (Japan). Studied the variability of nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) in soybeans and chickpeas of different vegetation varieties. With the help of the MATLAB program, mathematical optimization was carried out and the five-year dynamics of protein, fat, and carbohydrate content in legumes grown on chernozem soils of the «Agrotek» collection nursery in the Kyiv region was determined. By the method of inversion-voltammetry with the help of voltammetric analyzer «ABA-3» (Russia) which is equipped with an indicator electrode for the determination of lead, the concentration of Pb in chernozems and soybeans and chickpeas with different protein content was studied. Concentrations of Pb in soybean and chickpea grains depending on the chemical composition of soils for cultivation were grown and studied at the test sites of the «Agrotek» collection nursery.
{"title":"Ways of optimization of lead-polluted black earth soils in the soil-plant system","authors":"Y. Biletska, A. Nekos, A. Bekhter, A. Krivtsova, Olga Brayninger","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-19","url":null,"abstract":"the most urgent problems of today. Ensuring the environmental safety of food raw materials and food products is one of the main tasks that determine the health of the human population and the preservation of its gene pool.\u0000\u0000Analysis of recent research and publications. Toxic effects of Pb on human bodies have been confirmed by numerous clinical studies that have shown the negative effects of heavy metals on the nervous, cardiovascular, immune systems and oncology. The works is devoted to the development of detoxification techniques, in which scientists proposed to reduce the content of heavy metals in chernozems by detoxifying soils by growing battery plants on them, which will «extract» heavy metals from soils disinfecting them. The disadvantage of the proposed technologies is the economic costs borne by farmers, producers and consumers. Farmers will suffer financial losses due to idle sown areas and the cost of seed. Producers will be forced to raise prices for the final food product as a result of reduced consumer purchasing power.\u0000\u0000Formulation of the purpose of the article. The aim of the article is to determine ways to optimize lead-contaminated chernozem soils in the system «soil – plant» (on the example of chernozem soils within the test sites on the territory of the collection nursery «Agrotek» in Kyiv region).\u0000\u0000Presentation of the main research material. The article presents the results of a study of ways to optimize lead-contaminated chernozem soils in the system «soil – plant». The objects of the study were soybean and chickpea varieties of different vegetation varieties, namely: ultra-early varieties, maturation period 95… 105 days. Мedium, maturation period 100…115 days. Мedium-ripe varieties maturation period115…125 days. Early ripening varieties of chickpeas growing period 95…115 days, and medium-ripe sotu chickpeas, growing period 115…125 days. Experimental studies were conducted during 2019 – 2021 within the test sites on the territory of the collection nursery «Agrotek» in Kyiv region. The method of ion exchange and liquid chromatography on the liquid chromatograph Shimadzu LC-20 (Japan). Studied the variability of nutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) in soybeans and chickpeas of different vegetation varieties. With the help of the MATLAB program, mathematical optimization was carried out and the five-year dynamics of protein, fat, and carbohydrate content in legumes grown on chernozem soils of the «Agrotek» collection nursery in the Kyiv region was determined. By the method of inversion-voltammetry with the help of voltammetric analyzer «ABA-3» (Russia) which is equipped with an indicator electrode for the determination of lead, the concentration of Pb in chernozems and soybeans and chickpeas with different protein content was studied. Concentrations of Pb in soybean and chickpea grains depending on the chemical composition of soils for cultivation were grown and studied at the test sites of the «Agrotek» collection nursery.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80918930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-07
O. Pushkarov, I. Sevruk, V. Dolin
Introduction. Formed in a nuclear reactor, tritium is mainly discharged into the hydrosphere. A significant part of tritium also enters the environment during the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Currently, the problem is the development of effective, simple, affordable, inexpensive and low-energy methods for extracting tritium from large volumes of low- and intermediate-level aqueous solutions. Review of previous publications. At nuclear power plants, it is widely used for the purification of small volumes of highly active process waters by isotopic exchange in the "hydrogen-water" system [patents RU 2380144, RU 2060801, RU 2525423, RU 2148426]. There are methods for isotopic fractionation of НTO by low-temperature rectification, which either requires significant energy consumption or occurs with a very insignificant isotopic effect at the level of 1.1 [patents UA 57558, RU 2010772, RU 2091336]. In world practice, mineral adsorbents are widely used, but there are no developments designed to purify aqueous solutions from tritium. Our previous studies have clarified the possibility of using layered silicates and zeolite for the extraction of tritium from aqueous solutions (patents UA 103033, UA 103050, UA 113348). The ability of other minerals to adsorb tritium from aqueous solutions remains unresolved. In order to solve this problem, we involved in experimental research minerals from the classes of hydroxides, sulfates and chain silicates. Purpose. The aim of the work is to determine the influence of the structural features of mineral adsorbents on the removal of tritium from proto-tritium water ("НTO") and the possibility of using a more expanded spectrum of minerals as such adsorbents. Results. Up to 39% of tritium extracted from tritiated water is retained in hibsite in surface adsorbed form. In the boundary layer, heavier НTO molecules are retained with a greater advantage than H2O molecules (α = 1.14). Gypsum: due to the substitution of OH groups of the gypsum crystal lattice by OT groups in the mineral structure, up to 36% of the absorbed tritium solution with partial isotope-hydrogen fractionation is fixed. Due to the presence of tangled fibrous microtexture in wollastonite, a significant part of tritium absorbed during the experiment from a solution of tritiated water is fixed in a surface adsorbed form (61.3%, fractionation coefficient α = 1.03). The reaction of hydroxylation of CaO when it interacts with tritiated water is accompanied by a predominant binding to calcium of OT groups formed by the dissociation of НTO molecules because heavy hydrogen isotopes form a stronger covalent bond with oxygen than with protium (α = 1.23). Conclusions. The highest total ability to extract tritium from aqueous solution was observed in hibsite (38.7%), and the lowest - in wollastonite (34.5%). The obtained new scientific results with the involvement of the results of our previous studies provide an opportunity for more effective development of
{"title":"Influence of the structure of a mineral adsorbent on the detritization of aqueous solutions","authors":"O. Pushkarov, I. Sevruk, V. Dolin","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Formed in a nuclear reactor, tritium is mainly discharged into the hydrosphere. A significant part of tritium also enters the environment during the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Currently, the problem is the development of effective, simple, affordable, inexpensive and low-energy methods for extracting tritium from large volumes of low- and intermediate-level aqueous solutions.\u0000\u0000Review of previous publications. At nuclear power plants, it is widely used for the purification of small volumes of highly active process waters by isotopic exchange in the \"hydrogen-water\" system [patents RU 2380144, RU 2060801, RU 2525423, RU 2148426]. There are methods for isotopic fractionation of НTO by low-temperature rectification, which either requires significant energy consumption or occurs with a very insignificant isotopic effect at the level of 1.1 [patents UA 57558, RU 2010772, RU 2091336]. In world practice, mineral adsorbents are widely used, but there are no developments designed to purify aqueous solutions from tritium. Our previous studies have clarified the possibility of using layered silicates and zeolite for the extraction of tritium from aqueous solutions (patents UA 103033, UA 103050, UA 113348). The ability of other minerals to adsorb tritium from aqueous solutions remains unresolved. In order to solve this problem, we involved in experimental research minerals from the classes of hydroxides, sulfates and chain silicates.\u0000\u0000Purpose. The aim of the work is to determine the influence of the structural features of mineral adsorbents on the removal of tritium from proto-tritium water (\"НTO\") and the possibility of using a more expanded spectrum of minerals as such adsorbents.\u0000\u0000Results. Up to 39% of tritium extracted from tritiated water is retained in hibsite in surface adsorbed form. In the boundary layer, heavier НTO molecules are retained with a greater advantage than H2O molecules (α = 1.14). Gypsum: due to the substitution of OH groups of the gypsum crystal lattice by OT groups in the mineral structure, up to 36% of the absorbed tritium solution with partial isotope-hydrogen fractionation is fixed. Due to the presence of tangled fibrous microtexture in wollastonite, a significant part of tritium absorbed during the experiment from a solution of tritiated water is fixed in a surface adsorbed form (61.3%, fractionation coefficient α = 1.03). The reaction of hydroxylation of CaO when it interacts with tritiated water is accompanied by a predominant binding to calcium of OT groups formed by the dissociation of НTO molecules because heavy hydrogen isotopes form a stronger covalent bond with oxygen than with protium (α = 1.23).\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The highest total ability to extract tritium from aqueous solution was observed in hibsite (38.7%), and the lowest - in wollastonite (34.5%). The obtained new scientific results with the involvement of the results of our previous studies provide an opportunity for more effective development of","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77727038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-18
P. Shyshchenko, O. Havrylenko, Yevhen Tsyhanok
Purpose. The goal of the study is to develop an algorithm for assessing urban green space (UGS) accessibility in conditions of a compact city with high-density development by the example of Kyiv. Methodology. The research technique provides for spatial and quantitative analysis of UGS distribution within city limits by using OpenStreetMap, Google Map geospatial data and the QGIS software. The pedestrian accessibility to greenery is determined as the distance walked from the residential building to the nearest green space. If the average speed of walking of all age groups is taken to be 3 km/hr, then 10 minutes are needed to cover a distance of 500 m, and 20 minutes, for 1,000 m. To account for curved paths and obstacles (buildings, fences, motorways), UGS were surrounded with buffer areas 300 m and 700 m wide. This equals the walking distances of 500 and 1,000 m respectively. Results. We plotted on the map all available UGS within Kyiv limits, determined their total area and found a very uneven spatial UGS distribution in different city districts. Then we found the average provision of each Kyiv resident with greenery of all kinds, including not only parks, mini parks, and urban forests, but also cemeteries, flowerbeds and grass lawns, separate street bushes and trees, and roadside hedgerows. Based on the data of the number of buildings and the population density within Kyiv’s residential development area, we calculated the actual provision of Kyiv residents with UGS of all kinds, and with greenery suitable for daily recreation. In so doing, we found that the provision of UGS, where short-term recreation is possible, is significantly smaller in area per head of population as compared to an identical indicator calculated for greenery of all kinds. This is confirmed by the built map charts. Using the buffer approach, we determined the shortest distances to be covered to reach a UGS nearest to a residential building. Independently, we measured pedestrian accessibility to any green cover in Kyiv and UGS accessibility for public use, which are suitable for daily recreation in different Kyiv micro districts. The findings yielded a significant difference in these indicators. According to the calculations of UGS accessibility of all kinds, Kyiv really looks like a “green” city where almost in all the developed territories the distance to the nearest UGS is within 1,000 m. However, an assessment of the accessibility to greenery suitable for short-term daily recreation is indicative of a deficiency of UGS in at least eleven residential complexes in the city. All the locations with different UGS accessibility are also plotted on relevant map charts. Scientific novelty. The study has shown that only 45.4% of Kyiv residents are provided with high pedestrian accessibility within a distance of 500 m to UGS for daily recreation. The residents of different age and social groups who, within a 1-km radius, have no access at all to any recreation site make up
{"title":"Accessibility of green spaces in the conditions of a compact city: case study of Kyiv","authors":"P. Shyshchenko, O. Havrylenko, Yevhen Tsyhanok","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-18","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The goal of the study is to develop an algorithm for assessing urban green space (UGS) accessibility in conditions of a compact city with high-density development by the example of Kyiv.\u0000\u0000Methodology. The research technique provides for spatial and quantitative analysis of UGS distribution within city limits by using OpenStreetMap, Google Map geospatial data and the QGIS software. The pedestrian accessibility to greenery is determined as the distance walked from the residential building to the nearest green space. If the average speed of walking of all age groups is taken to be 3 km/hr, then 10 minutes are needed to cover a distance of 500 m, and 20 minutes, for 1,000 m. To account for curved paths and obstacles (buildings, fences, motorways), UGS were surrounded with buffer areas 300 m and 700 m wide. This equals the walking distances of 500 and 1,000 m respectively.\u0000\u0000Results. We plotted on the map all available UGS within Kyiv limits, determined their total area and found a very uneven spatial UGS distribution in different city districts. Then we found the average provision of each Kyiv resident with greenery of all kinds, including not only parks, mini parks, and urban forests, but also cemeteries, flowerbeds and grass lawns, separate street bushes and trees, and roadside hedgerows.\u0000\u0000Based on the data of the number of buildings and the population density within Kyiv’s residential development area, we calculated the actual provision of Kyiv residents with UGS of all kinds, and with greenery suitable for daily recreation. In so doing, we found that the provision of UGS, where short-term recreation is possible, is significantly smaller in area per head of population as compared to an identical indicator calculated for greenery of all kinds. This is confirmed by the built map charts.\u0000\u0000Using the buffer approach, we determined the shortest distances to be covered to reach a UGS nearest to a residential building. Independently, we measured pedestrian accessibility to any green cover in Kyiv and UGS accessibility for public use, which are suitable for daily recreation in different Kyiv micro districts. The findings yielded a significant difference in these indicators.\u0000\u0000According to the calculations of UGS accessibility of all kinds, Kyiv really looks like a “green” city where almost in all the developed territories the distance to the nearest UGS is within 1,000 m. However, an assessment of the accessibility to greenery suitable for short-term daily recreation is indicative of a deficiency of UGS in at least eleven residential complexes in the city. All the locations with different UGS accessibility are also plotted on relevant map charts.\u0000\u0000Scientific novelty. The study has shown that only 45.4% of Kyiv residents are provided with high pedestrian accessibility within a distance of 500 m to UGS for daily recreation. The residents of different age and social groups who, within a 1-km radius, have no access at all to any recreation site make up ","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84914711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-05
V. Dernov
Formulation of the problem. Carboniferous sediments are widespread in Ukraine. Cephalopods remains are not rare in these deposits. However, they are poorly studied. Cephalopods have great importance for the dismemberment and correlation of Carboniferous sediments, as well as for paleogeographic reconstructions. For this reason, their study is very relevant. The history of the study. Mississippian cephalopods of the Donets Basin and Don-Dnipro Downwarp are poorly studied. At the moment, few ammonoids and one nautilid have been determined from the Mississippian of the Don-Dnipro Downwarp. Numerous Mississippian ammonoids are known from the Donets Basin. Nautilids are known only from the Samara Formation (Lower Serpukhovian). Material and research methods. This article is based on the results of a study of Mississippian cephalopods collection from the Donets Basin (Ukraine: Grabove Village and Dokuchayivs’k in the south of the Donetsk Region) and the Don-Dnipro Downwarp (Ukraine: Sumy and Poltava Regions, Bugrovate and Gubs’ke Villages). In addition, allochthonous remains of cephalopods from the moraine of the Dnipro glacial maximum were studied (Ukraine: Poltava Region, Pyvykha Hill nearby Hradyzk Town). Statement of the main material. Orthocerids, oncocerid Culullus sp., actinocerid Antonoceras balaschovi Shimansky, nautilids Pseudostenopoceras sp. and Liroceras sp. have identified from the limestone boulders in the moraine of the Dnipro glacial maximum (Hradyzk). The age of these limestones from the Late Viséan to Serpukhovian. The geographical origin of the limestone debris can be determined by studying the fossils in these rocks. The results of the study of chaetetids and corals (Victor Ohar), brachiopods (Vladystav Poletaev) and cephalopods (author) show that the source of the limestone boulders with Carboniferous fossils situated in the southern part of the Moscow Syneclise. Fragments of conchs of the orthocerids Brachycycloceras scalare (Archiac et Verneuil) are occurred in the black mudstones of the Upper Viséan opened by the boreholes Bugrovativs’ka-160 (depth is 3650.0-3654.0 metres; Bugrovate Village, Okhtyrka District, Sumy Region) and Gubs’ka-2 (depth is 4740.0-4745.0 metres; Gubs’ke Village, Lubny District, Poltava Region). This species is known from the Namurian of Belgium, Viséan of the Czech Republic and Poland and Mississippian of Germany. The collection also contains a fragment of a large conch of actinocerid Rayonnoceras sp. This specimen comes from the limestone B81 of the Mezha Formation (Upper Viséan) exposed in the vicinity of the Grabove Village on the Kalmius River (Donetsk Region). This genus is very widespread in the Mississippian sediments of North America, Western Europe, European part of Russia and China. Previously actinocerids in the Carboniferous of the Donets Basin were not known. Fragments of conchs of indeterminate orthocerids find in the dark gray fine-crystalline Viséan limestones (Dokuchayivs’k, borehol
{"title":"New finds of the Carboniferous cephalopods on the territory of Ukraine","authors":"V. Dernov","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-05","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. Carboniferous sediments are widespread in Ukraine. Cephalopods remains are not rare in these deposits. However, they are poorly studied. Cephalopods have great importance for the dismemberment and correlation of Carboniferous sediments, as well as for paleogeographic reconstructions. For this reason, their study is very relevant.\u0000\u0000The history of the study. Mississippian cephalopods of the Donets Basin and Don-Dnipro Downwarp are poorly studied. At the moment, few ammonoids and one nautilid have been determined from the Mississippian of the Don-Dnipro Downwarp. Numerous Mississippian ammonoids are known from the Donets Basin. Nautilids are known only from the Samara Formation (Lower Serpukhovian).\u0000\u0000Material and research methods. This article is based on the results of a study of Mississippian cephalopods collection from the Donets Basin (Ukraine: Grabove Village and Dokuchayivs’k in the south of the Donetsk Region) and the Don-Dnipro Downwarp (Ukraine: Sumy and Poltava Regions, Bugrovate and Gubs’ke Villages). In addition, allochthonous remains of cephalopods from the moraine of the Dnipro glacial maximum were studied (Ukraine: Poltava Region, Pyvykha Hill nearby Hradyzk Town).\u0000\u0000Statement of the main material. Orthocerids, oncocerid Culullus sp., actinocerid Antonoceras balaschovi Shimansky, nautilids Pseudostenopoceras sp. and Liroceras sp. have identified from the limestone boulders in the moraine of the Dnipro glacial maximum (Hradyzk). The age of these limestones from the Late Viséan to Serpukhovian.\u0000\u0000The geographical origin of the limestone debris can be determined by studying the fossils in these rocks. The results of the study of chaetetids and corals (Victor Ohar), brachiopods (Vladystav Poletaev) and cephalopods (author) show that the source of the limestone boulders with Carboniferous fossils situated in the southern part of the Moscow Syneclise.\u0000\u0000Fragments of conchs of the orthocerids Brachycycloceras scalare (Archiac et Verneuil) are occurred in the black mudstones of the Upper Viséan opened by the boreholes Bugrovativs’ka-160 (depth is 3650.0-3654.0 metres; Bugrovate Village, Okhtyrka District, Sumy Region) and Gubs’ka-2 (depth is 4740.0-4745.0 metres; Gubs’ke Village, Lubny District, Poltava Region). This species is known from the Namurian of Belgium, Viséan of the Czech Republic and Poland and Mississippian of Germany. The collection also contains a fragment of a large conch of actinocerid Rayonnoceras sp. This specimen comes from the limestone B81 of the Mezha Formation (Upper Viséan) exposed in the vicinity of the Grabove Village on the Kalmius River (Donetsk Region). This genus is very widespread in the Mississippian sediments of North America, Western Europe, European part of Russia and China. Previously actinocerids in the Carboniferous of the Donets Basin were not known.\u0000\u0000Fragments of conchs of indeterminate orthocerids find in the dark gray fine-crystalline Viséan limestones (Dokuchayivs’k, borehol","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78588763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-20
N. Maksymenko, S. Burchenko, K. Utkina, Marharyta Buhakova
Relevance. Modern urbanization processes in Kharkiv are accompanied by an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural component, compaction of buildings and reduction of green areas. The concept of green infrastructure is used in many countries around the world; it is the best way to reorganize urban space into modern cities. The purpose of the article is a determination of quality changes of water runoff after passing through of green roofs in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Material and methods. A green roof is the roof of a build, partially or completely covered with vegetation and soil layer. Green roofs are divided into “intensive” and “extensive” types. In the research was studied the frequency of use of green roofs in construction and landscaping on the example of Kharkiv, was conducted an inventory of green roofs in Kharkiv. As the number of green roofs in Kharkiv is rather small, is optimal to choice the particular test sites for research. For chemical analysis, were taken samples of snow, surface runoff from the flat, and sloping green roofs and roof without greening for the content of pollutants. Chemical analysis of the samples was performed by the Laboratory of Analytical Ecological Research of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The laboratory has the attestation and certificate of ISO 10012:2005 № 01-0155/2019. The study determined the following indicators: pH, nitrites, nitrates, transparency, smell, turbidity, chlorides, general rigidity, total alkalinity, ammonia, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, total iron, chromium. Two types often represent green roofs in Kharkiv: parking roofs and cellars. Points of samples are located at Shevchenkivsky and Kholodnohirsky districts. Results and discussion. Results of a study of snow and runoff sampling after a green roof and a roof without landscaping show that most water quality indicators improve after water passes through green areas. Thus, at points the pH, general rigidity, alkalinity, concentration of chlorides, chromium are decrease. The green roof of the first point (parking) also reduces the concentration of nitrites, ammonia, zinc and manganese. The concentration of iron also decreases in the second point. However, there is an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in the water due to their accumulation in the substrate of the green roof. The results of the study are can be used by the Post-Soviet countries, as previously the impact of surface runoff was considered only in terms of the flow of pollutants from storm sewers to water bodies. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that green roofs contribute to the treatment of runoff, natural replenishment of surface water bodies and groundwater and reduce the load on municipal wastewater treatment plant.
{"title":"Influence of green infrastructure objects for quality of surface runoff (on the example of green roofs in Kharkiv)","authors":"N. Maksymenko, S. Burchenko, K. Utkina, Marharyta Buhakova","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-20","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Modern urbanization processes in Kharkiv are accompanied by an increase in anthropogenic pressure on the natural component, compaction of buildings and reduction of green areas. The concept of green infrastructure is used in many countries around the world; it is the best way to reorganize urban space into modern cities.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the article is a determination of quality changes of water runoff after passing through of green roofs in Kharkiv, Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Material and methods. A green roof is the roof of a build, partially or completely covered with vegetation and soil layer. Green roofs are divided into “intensive” and “extensive” types. In the research was studied the frequency of use of green roofs in construction and landscaping on the example of Kharkiv, was conducted an inventory of green roofs in Kharkiv. As the number of green roofs in Kharkiv is rather small, is optimal to choice the particular test sites for research. For chemical analysis, were taken samples of snow, surface runoff from the flat, and sloping green roofs and roof without greening for the content of pollutants. Chemical analysis of the samples was performed by the Laboratory of Analytical Ecological Research of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The laboratory has the attestation and certificate of ISO 10012:2005 № 01-0155/2019. The study determined the following indicators: pH, nitrites, nitrates, transparency, smell, turbidity, chlorides, general rigidity, total alkalinity, ammonia, zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, total iron, chromium. Two types often represent green roofs in Kharkiv: parking roofs and cellars. Points of samples are located at Shevchenkivsky and Kholodnohirsky districts.\u0000\u0000Results and discussion. Results of a study of snow and runoff sampling after a green roof and a roof without landscaping show that most water quality indicators improve after water passes through green areas. Thus, at points the pH, general rigidity, alkalinity, concentration of chlorides, chromium are decrease. The green roof of the first point (parking) also reduces the concentration of nitrites, ammonia, zinc and manganese. The concentration of iron also decreases in the second point. However, there is an increase in the concentration of heavy metals in the water due to their accumulation in the substrate of the green roof. The results of the study are can be used by the Post-Soviet countries, as previously the impact of surface runoff was considered only in terms of the flow of pollutants from storm sewers to water bodies.\u0000\u0000Conclusion. The results of the study indicate that green roofs contribute to the treatment of runoff, natural replenishment of surface water bodies and groundwater and reduce the load on municipal wastewater treatment plant.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79392387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-22
M. Teslovych, D. Krychevska
Formulation of the problem. For the time being the formation of an ecological network in Ukraine is the most effective way to preserve biological and landscape diversity. This process is characterized by the use of two approaches. The first is based on national legislation, methods of spatial planning in accordance with the geobotanical and landscape features of the region. The second approach is based on the European legislation, in particular, the Bern Convention. Transcarpathian region is no exception. The project of the regional scheme of the ecological network was approved for the region and Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs – sites of the Emerald network), were determined and adopted by Standing Committee. Purpose and methods of research. Today there is a need for a comprehensive spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia and the establishment of the most important areas for biodiversity and landscape diversity protection. The purpose of our study was to characterize the main stages of formation of the ecological network of Transcarpathian region and to establish a list of structural elements of the ecological network, for which it is important to develop measures to protect biodiversity within them. We analyzed international and national legal documents, cartographic and planning documents to determine and characterize the main stages of development of the ecological network of the region. we compiled maps showing the spatial relationship of nature reserves, elements of the regional eco-network and areas of special conservation interest, using software QGIS 3.16.0, schemes: planning of the eco-network of the Ukrainian Carpathians, eco-network of Transcarpathian region, Transcarpathian territory planning areas; data on the Structural Elements of the Emerald Network, the network of objects of the nature reserve fund and their large-scale plans; detailed plans of forest plantations. Based on the obtained data, we conducted a spatial analysis of the elements in order to identify areas that require additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity. Results of the research. Based on the obtained data, we have identified and characterized the main stages of formation of the ecological network of the Transcarpathian region. Based on a detailed cartographic analysis, we have identified areas that require natural research on the need for additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity. Scientific novelty and practical significance. In our article for the first time a comprehensive and detailed spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia was conducted. For the first time, areas have been identified that do not currently belong to the nature reserve fund and areas of special conservation interest, but need to be studied in terms of their value to preserve biotic and landsca
{"title":"Historical and geospatial aspects of formation of the eco-network of the Transcarpathian region","authors":"M. Teslovych, D. Krychevska","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-22","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. For the time being the formation of an ecological network in Ukraine is the most effective way to preserve biological and landscape diversity. This process is characterized by the use of two approaches. The first is based on national legislation, methods of spatial planning in accordance with the geobotanical and landscape features of the region. The second approach is based on the European legislation, in particular, the Bern Convention. Transcarpathian region is no exception. The project of the regional scheme of the ecological network was approved for the region and Areas of Special Conservation Interest (ASCIs – sites of the Emerald network), were determined and adopted by Standing Committee.\u0000\u0000Purpose and methods of research. Today there is a need for a comprehensive spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia and the establishment of the most important areas for biodiversity and landscape diversity protection. The purpose of our study was to characterize the main stages of formation of the ecological network of Transcarpathian region and to establish a list of structural elements of the ecological network, for which it is important to develop measures to protect biodiversity within them.\u0000\u0000We analyzed international and national legal documents, cartographic and planning documents to determine and characterize the main stages of development of the ecological network of the region. we compiled maps showing the spatial relationship of nature reserves, elements of the regional eco-network and areas of special conservation interest, using software QGIS 3.16.0, schemes: planning of the eco-network of the Ukrainian Carpathians, eco-network of Transcarpathian region, Transcarpathian territory planning areas; data on the Structural Elements of the Emerald Network, the network of objects of the nature reserve fund and their large-scale plans; detailed plans of forest plantations. Based on the obtained data, we conducted a spatial analysis of the elements in order to identify areas that require additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity.\u0000\u0000Results of the research. Based on the obtained data, we have identified and characterized the main stages of formation of the ecological network of the Transcarpathian region. Based on a detailed cartographic analysis, we have identified areas that require natural research on the need for additional measures to preserve biotic and landscape diversity.\u0000\u0000Scientific novelty and practical significance. In our article for the first time a comprehensive and detailed spatial analysis of the currently existing planning models of the regional ecological network of Transcarpathia was conducted. For the first time, areas have been identified that do not currently belong to the nature reserve fund and areas of special conservation interest, but need to be studied in terms of their value to preserve biotic and landsca","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87418880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. In semi- arid and arid countries in which groundwaters are the main supplier of water, monitoring of water quality is of vital significance. To better manage water resources, therefore, investigation of water quality utilized for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes sounds compulsory. The purpose of article. The aim of this study was to investigation the factors in fluencing the evolutionary process of groundwater resources and hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in the northeast of Sabzevar. The research methods. Given the geological formation, water yield and condition of the region’s water resources, a total of 10 underground water resources were surveyed in respect of quality. In this regard, physical parameters e.g. PH, Electric Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were measured in the sampled solution by multimeter. The hydrochemical analysis of data was implemented in laboratory and by inductive Plasma method and by statistical analysis and the modeling process were conducted by the SPSS, Chemistry and AqQA suites. The results of research. According to Scholler diagram, that most of water samples are categorized in good and acceptable class. According to the drawn Wilcox diagram, the samples are in C2S2, C2S4, C3S2 and C3S4 classes. Most samples agriculturally unsuitable with high salinity. According to the water quality index (GQI)), the water resources of the study area are in poor to acceptable category. Spatial study showed that the catchment area of water resources located in volcanic rocks, conglomerates and gravels, due to the lower impact of these rocks on water salinity, has caused the outflow of water of appropriate quality from these areas. In the western part of the region, due to the presence of marl and evaporation -detrital deposits, the value of this index is low and water is of poor quality. In other parts of the region, the water quality index (GQI), increases and water has a better quality. The type of geological formation around the basin is one of the important factors in the evolution of water resources. Chemical weathering of different rocks with natural waters produces different cations and anions. The water-rock reaction and weathering of minerals, is the main factor in changing the quality of groundwater chemistry in the region. Chemical analysis of water entering the aquifer of region showed that the sources of ions entering the region were affected by the lithology of rocks and sediments that were exposed to weathering for a long time, hence, as the region water, due to the passage of the detrital evaporation formation of the third period and marl, have dissolved them and increased the ratio of Cl+SO4>HCO3. The results showed that the presence of rocks and minerals of carbonate such as limestone, dolomite and calcite, sandstone and silicate such as volcanic rocks in the water passage has caused the scenarios of Ca>CO3 and Ca + Mg>CO3. Conclusions.
{"title":"Quality Assessment of Underground Water Resources in the Northeast of Sabzevar","authors":"Mohammadebrahim Fazel Valipour, Hengameh Erfanian Kaseb","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In semi- arid and arid countries in which groundwaters are the main supplier of water, monitoring of water quality is of vital significance. To better manage water resources, therefore, investigation of water quality utilized for drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes sounds compulsory.\u0000\u0000The purpose of article. The aim of this study was to investigation the factors in fluencing the evolutionary process of groundwater resources and hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in the northeast of Sabzevar.\u0000\u0000The research methods. Given the geological formation, water yield and condition of the region’s water resources, a total of 10 underground water resources were surveyed in respect of quality. In this regard, physical parameters e.g. PH, Electric Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) were measured in the sampled solution by multimeter. The hydrochemical analysis of data was implemented in laboratory and by inductive Plasma method and by statistical analysis and the modeling process were conducted by the SPSS, Chemistry and AqQA suites.\u0000\u0000The results of research. According to Scholler diagram, that most of water samples are categorized in good and acceptable class. According to the drawn Wilcox diagram, the samples are in C2S2, C2S4, C3S2 and C3S4 classes. Most samples agriculturally unsuitable with high salinity. According to the water quality index (GQI)), the water resources of the study area are in poor to acceptable category. Spatial study showed that the catchment area of water resources located in volcanic rocks, conglomerates and gravels, due to the lower impact of these rocks on water salinity, has caused the outflow of water of appropriate quality from these areas. In the western part of the region, due to the presence of marl and evaporation -detrital deposits, the value of this index is low and water is of poor quality. In other parts of the region, the water quality index (GQI), increases and water has a better quality.\u0000\u0000The type of geological formation around the basin is one of the important factors in the evolution of water resources. Chemical weathering of different rocks with natural waters produces different cations and anions. The water-rock reaction and weathering of minerals, is the main factor in changing the quality of groundwater chemistry in the region. Chemical analysis of water entering the aquifer of region showed that the sources of ions entering the region were affected by the lithology of rocks and sediments that were exposed to weathering for a long time, hence, as the region water, due to the passage of the detrital evaporation formation of the third period and marl, have dissolved them and increased the ratio of Cl+SO4>HCO3. The results showed that the presence of rocks and minerals of carbonate such as limestone, dolomite and calcite, sandstone and silicate such as volcanic rocks in the water passage has caused the scenarios of Ca>CO3 and Ca + Mg>CO3.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. ","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"350 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75490101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：