Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika最新文献

{"title":"Methodology of human-geographical researches: contemporary approaches and methods","authors":"Kostiantyn Niemets, K. Sehida, Liudmyla Niemets, K. Kravchenko, P. Kobylin, Ievgeniia Telebienieva, L. Kliuchko","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2022-56-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2022-56-10","url":null,"abstract":"Problem Statement. Human geography is a science that responds extremely quickly to the new today's demands and challenges. Thanks to the multiplier effect, it has the opportunity to be integrated into a powerful range of contemporary unresolved scientific issues and to propose its approaches to their study and solution based on the robust methodology and development of new research tools. A qualitative new development level of human geography as science in Ukraine and the world requires urgently general rethinking of the prerequisites, goals, and methods of scientific research, the question of the relationship between theoretical and empirical ones in scientific papers. The triune complex \"society-nature-economy\" and the study of the peculiarities of their interrelationships and contradictions form a wide range of opportunities for human-geographical research.\u0000\u0000Research Methodology. The article uses the methods of analysis, synthesis, and dialectical method. The authors have summarized and described the set of original methods of human geography, revealed contemporary approaches and substantiated the peculiarities of the methods of researching the development trajectory of the human-geographical objects, multidimensional spatial analysis and multidimensional classification, spatial interaction of social and geographical objects (IFI modeling), developed and tested by the scientists of the Department of Human Geography and Regional Studies of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University.\u0000\u0000This paper aims to highlight the methodological foundations of human-geographical research, reveal modern approaches and substantiate the human-geographical approach, and consider the content and features of the use of original methods of human-geographical research. In particular, the coverage of methodological approaches and justification of the human-geographical approach and disclosure of new methods of spatial analysis of the human-geographical process: the study of the spatial interaction of the human-geographical objects (IFI-modelling) and the study of social and geographical systems in the normalized multidimensional space.\u0000\u0000Results. The paper describes in detail the possibilities of using original human-geographical methods to solve contemporary issues. A detailed analysis of the application of these methods allows scientists and researchers to use and solve similar or other types of problems effectively.\u0000\u0000Scientific novelty and practical significance. The paper presents an exhaustive set of original methods for spatial analysis of the territory and provides an algorithm for their use. The authors provided various human-geographical research areas and tested the original methods.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"22 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90321615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Carboniferous calcareous algae and foraminifera of the middle part of the central paraxial zone of the Dono-Dnieper Depression (Ukraine)","authors":"A. Gusarova, A. Matveyev","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-04","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Today, the boundary of the Upper Visean and Lower Visean substage of the Dnieper-Donetsk Basin (DDB) remains controversial. The characteristic of associations of foraminifera and calcareous algae of Lower Carboniferous deposits in axial zone of the DDB were investigated.\u0000\u0000Analysis of previous publications. The Tournaisian-Visean stage is most studied in the riparian zones of the DDB, and the axial zone is much less studied. This is due to the deep occurrence of Visean rocks in this area, as well as, sometimes, the lack of Tournaisian deposits in a particular section.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The microfacies of carbonate rocks on the core materials of the borehole 203 Berezivs`ka. The algoflora fossil associations characterizes the algae zone Palaeoberesella lahuseni – Exvotarisella index – Nanopora woodi, which was compared with foraminifera zones Uralodiscus rotundus and Paraarchaediscus koktjubensis.\u0000\u0000Results and discussion. Lithology. The upper part of the section is dominated by pack-, grаn-packstones, which indicates the normal conditions of sedimentation and the development of depleted marine fauna. From the middle part of the section there are light layers of bioclastic waxstones, which indicates limited water circulation. In the lower part there is a high percentage of bioorganic detritus. Green algae and foraminifera paraturaminides play a significant role in the number of individuals.\u0000\u0000Micropaleontology. Describes the association of foraminifera, represented by individuals of 24 genera, the association of algae, represented by 35 species belonging to 25 genera, including 3 species of calcareous algae, which are described for the first time for DDB: Atractyliopsis cf. cumberlandensis, Nanopora undata and Exvotarisella maponi.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. A comparative analysis of the algae associations described in the paper with the coeval associations of the Urals, East European Platform (Russian Platform), Belgium, France and Lviv-Volyn basin. The foraminifera and algae representation is given at the 8 paleontological plates.\u0000\u0000As a result of stratigraphical and lithological studies, the following conclusions can be drawn.\u0000\u0000The section of Berezivska well is represented mainly by carbonate, as well as sand and clay rocks of the lower part of the Upper Visean substage (Tulian horizon) and the upper part of the Lower Visean substage (Bobrikovskian horizon).\u0000Microfacial analysis revealed a number of rocks in Visean The upper part of the section is dominated by pack-, grаn-packstones, which indicates the normal conditions of sedimentation and the development of depleted marine fauna. From the middle part of the section there are light layers of bioclastic waxstones, which indicates limited water circulation. In the lower part there is a high percentage of bioorganic detritus. Green algae and foraminifera paraturaminides play a significant role in the number of individuals.\u0000These deposits accumulated in the conditions of an open carbonate plat","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87835022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic processes of the Carpathian region in the context of economic development of the territory","authors":"Nadiia Melnik, A. Melnyk, V. Peresadko, V. Velykochyy","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-14","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. One aspect of the territory’s socio-economic development is its demographic development. It translates into a change in the quantity and quality of the population of the territory in a certain social context as a systemically important factor in social life. As of January 1, 2020, Ukraine had a population of 41 million. 732,800 people (not including the occupied territories), which is the historical minimum in the years of independence. This prompts a detailed study of the problem.\u0000\u0000The article contains a spatial and structural analysis of the demographic processes of the Carpathian region as one of the indicators of the socio-economic development of the territory.\u0000\u0000Methods. The analysis of literary and cartographic sources has been carried out. Mathematical methods have been used to calculate quantitative characteristics of demographic processes. Using ArcGIS software product was created a series of maps of the Real Wage Index in Ukraine of various time scales.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the article is to highlight and analyze the demographic processes currently taking place in the Carpathian region in the context of the economic development of the territories, with a view to developing and implementing proactive measures, to be given priority in solving the problems of the economically active population in the territories under study.\u0000\u0000Results. The problem of migration of the population is urgent for Ukraine. For a long time, our State has been the country of origin for the majority of migrant workers in Europe. The Carpathian region has specific features of migration compared to other regions of Ukraine. Between 2010 and 2018, the number of people living in the Carpathian regions as a result of migration increased by 17.3 thousand people. Internal population migration is urban in nature. Besides, the Carpathian region has become comfortable for living and for internally displaced persons as a result of the war in eastern Ukraine.\u0000\u0000The top 5 countries receiving migration from the Carpathian region include Hungary, Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. A comparative analysis of the sex and age structure of migrants from Ukraine showed that about 50 per cent of migrants were aged 20-35 and about two thirds of emigrants were men.\u0000\u0000Active migratory mobility is typical of the rural areas of the Carpathian region. Overall, the Ukrainian village has lost more than 10 million people over the past 50 years as a result of migration processes. The proportion of rural dwellers in the total number of migrant workers in the Carpathian region is higher than that of urban dwellers, of whom 60-70 per cent are women.\u0000\u0000Migration has led to an imbalance in the functioning of the employment system and the national labour market in Ukraine in general and in the region under study in particular. The average unemployment rate in the study region in 2019 is 8.8 per cent of the economically active population. As of 2020, the number of employ","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87276852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying wind-induced undercatch in the precipitation measurements at Ukrainian weather stations","authors":"V. Osypov, Andrii S. Bonchkovskyi, A. Oreshchenko, D. Oshurok, N. Osadcha","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-15","url":null,"abstract":"Literature overview. Precipitation measurements include random and systematic errors. Systematic errors increase in the following order: evaporation loss, wetting loss, and wind-induced undercatch (World Meteorological Organization, 2008). The last one occurs because of the aerodynamic blockage under the precipitation gauge collector (Baghapour et al. 2017; Sevruk & Nespor, 1994). Field experiments have shown that wind-induced undercatch reaches 14% for rain and 40% for snow for the Tretyakov wind-shielded gauge (Goodison et al., 1998).\u0000\u0000In Ukraine, precipitation records omit wind-induced undercatch correction.\u0000\u0000This study aims to calculate true precipitation values at Ukrainian weather stations, evaluate existing methodologies for precipitation measurements correction, and create the digital archive of corrected precipitation values based on sub-daily observations.\u0000\u0000Material and methods. We used four methods to quantify wind-related errors for the Tretyakov gauge with wind shield proposed by Golubev (Konovalov et al., 2000), Bryazgin (Aleksandrov et al., 2005), Norway meteorological institute (Forland et al., 1996), and Yang (Yang et al., 1995). Sub-daily records were requested from Central Geophysical Observatory named after Boris Sreznevsky covering 207 stations between 1976 and 2019; 187 stations had more than 20 years’ period.\u0000\u0000Results. For the Tretyakov gauge, annual wind-induced undercatch ranges from 5 to 9.5%, depending on correction methodology. The highest bias is observed for the solid precipitation – from 17.7 to 27.4%. The precipitation loss increases along with annual wind speed at the weather station (correlation coefficient r = 0.89).\u0000\u0000Conclusions. We suggest that Golubev’s and Yang’s methodologies estimate precipitation wind-induced undercatch more accurately at stations where blizzards are often observed, we recommended using the Golubev’s methodology because it takes into account “false” precipitations.\u0000\u0000The precipitation loss equals 0.2–4% according to the Golubev’s method at covered weather stations and reaches 13–19% at the bare mountain regions or seashore. Solid precipitation is more sensitive to the influence of wind – snow loss averages 17.3% according to the Golubev methodology or 21% according to the Yang methodology, while rain loss – 2.6% or 6.7%, respectively.\u0000\u0000The obtained database with corrected precipitation comprises sub-daily and daily records from 207 Ukrainian stations between 1976 and 2019. It could be used for hydrological and climatological research.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89488124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street art in urban space: location and perception in Ukrainian cities","authors":"N. Provotar, Yuliia Olishevska, K. Mezentsev, K. Kravchenko","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-16","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this research was to analyze the thematic orientation, drivers, location and perception by residents of street art in Ukrainian cities. Accordingly, the research questions are as follows: where and which street art pieces are located in cities? what are the main triggers of their spread in urban space? how city residents percept street art? what dwellers think about impact of street art on socio-cultural space and should street art be regulated in cities?\u0000\u0000Research methods. The study is based on an analysis of media reports on street art, the results of in-depth semi-structured interviews with Kyiv residents, and the authors’ observations on the streets of several Ukrainian cities. Twelve semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Kyiv residents in April-May 2021, which included blocks of questions on the perception of street art, its subject matter, location and the need to control and regulate their creation and distribution. The authors conducted observations on the streets during 2017-2021 in the cities of Kyiv, Dnipro, Kharkiv, Odesa, Poltava, Kamyanets-Podilskyi, and Kramatorsk.\u0000\u0000Main findings. Based on the previous research, the main forms of street art and their place in urban space are analyzed. The analysis of street art pieces in Ukraine showed that in general there are tendencies of decentralization of their location in the urban space and regionalization. In other words, street art is spreading from the city center to the periphery, and along with the capital city and the main regional centers, street art pieces are becoming common elements of the urban space of other cities and towns. The vision of the residents testifies to their demand for the conformity of new street art pieces to the socio-cultural environment, the appropriateness of placement, and “embeddedness” into the urban space.\u0000\u0000It was revealed that key drivers of street art booming in Ukraine are urban art festivals, mega events, socio-political events and social troubles, developers` initiatives, as well as participatory budgeting programs. At the same time, the methods of implementation, thematic orientation and location of street art can cause conflicts and protests from individual residents, social movements, and municipalities as well.\u0000\u0000An analysis of the attitude to the thematic orientation of street art showed that the topics of nature, images of prominent people with an unblemished reputation, representatives of the most important professions, national, patriotic and social topics that encourage reflection, as well as texts of famous poems and quotations are most welcoming for Kyiv residents. The attitude to political issues accompanied by various appeals is distinctly negative. It has been confirmed that the local context of street art objects is considered as more important. It is shown that with the generally positive perception of street art, city dwellers are interested in the need to control and regulate the location of ","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89494794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas-hydrogeochemical conditions of the Bilche-Volytsia oil-gas-bearing area (Carpathian foredeep, Ukraine)","authors":"Vasyl Harasymchuk, Halyna Medvid, T. Solovey","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Water-dissolved gases in exploratory oil and gas hydrogeology are the fundamental criteria of oil and gas potential. Their quantitative and qualitative characteristics allow to study the conditions of formation and preservation of the hydrocarbon deposits and to identify the perspective searching areas.\u0000\u0000The purpose of article was to determine the vertical and lateral gas-hydrogeochemical zonation of the Bilche-Volytsia oil and gas zone, to assess the role of water-dissolved gases in the formation of gas fields with the prospect of predicting new hydrocarbon deposits.\u0000\u0000The research methods base on the calculation and interpretation of the following parameters: gas saturation of water, saturation pressure, gas saturation coefficient. Graphs of dependences based on experimental studies from published scientific publications were used to determine the solubility of methane.\u0000\u0000The results of research. Nitrogen-methane composition of water-dissolved gases of the Upper Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous aquifers in combination with specific geochemical characteristics of groundwater of the north-western and central parts of the Bilche-Volytsia OGBA indicate the open hydrodynamic conditions, which, in general, are unfavourable for the formation and preservation of hydrocarbon deposits. In deep-submerged reservoirs of the south-eastern part of this area, water-dissolved gases of the Upper Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous aquifers are characterized by high contents of methane homologues.\u0000\u0000In the Upper Badenian aquifer the lateral distribution of water-dissolved methane is presented in the growth of its portions from the West and East European platforms in the direction of the sub-submerge of the Carpathians, which is due to an increase in the degree of hydrogeological closure of structures. Increased methane contents also spatially tend to transverse tectonic faults, which determines their role in the vertical migration of water-hydrocarbon mixtures.\u0000\u0000Water-dissolved gases of the highly productive Lower Sarmatian aquifer are mainly methane, occasionally nitrogen-methane. The gas saturation of the waters directly correlates with the proximity to gas deposits. Laterally, the portion of water-dissolved methane is directly correlated with TDS of water, the high values of which accordingly reflect the structures of a high degree of hydrogeological stagnation.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The portions of water-dissolved methane increase from the West and East European platforms in the direction of the sub-submerge of the Carpathians, which is effect of higher degree of hydrogeological closure of structures. It has been established that water-dissolved methane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide have different sources of origin and different spatiotemporal mechanisms of water saturation. The hydrodynamically closed structures (favourable for the formation and preservation of hydrocarbon deposits) characterized by high relative and absolute contents of dissolved methane. Increase","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90647999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acritarchs of the Mesozoic of Ukraine","authors":"O. Shevchuk, Kateryna Ivanchenko","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-08","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Acritarchs are one of the orthostratigraphic groups of microfossils that are widely used in Proterozoic and Paleozoic biostratigraphy. In the Mesozoic period there is a decrease in this group, and this is due to certain reasons.\u0000\u0000Formulation of the problem. Acritarchs are studied by palynologists from samples of Mesozoic sediments in combination with other representatives of organic bone microplankton, primarily with dinocysts. In the practice of Ukrainian micropaleontologists, the role of such a group as acritarchs, which may be unique in paleoecological reconstructions of the environment, is underestimated.\u0000\u0000History of the study of acritarchs. None of the researchers studied the group of acritarchs in the Mesozoic deposits of Ukraine. In scientific works it was noted only about the presence of these forms in the description of palynological complexes of Jurassic, Cretaceous and other times.\u0000\u0000Brief description of the group. Acritarchs are unicellular, non-colonial, organic microfossils.\u0000\u0000Formulation of the purpose of the article. The aim of the study was to focus on such a little-studied group for the Mesozoic as acritars and to prove its role and significance for stratigraphic and paleoecological constructions.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. The research material was samples of rocks of the Middle, Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits, selected separately from 93 sections, but from all major tectonic structures of Ukraine: Peninsky zone of the Carpathians, Volyn-Podolsk plate, western and eastern slopes of the Ukrainian Shield, Priazovsky array of the Ukrainian shield, Dnieper-Donetsk basin, Donbas, South Ukrainian monocline (Black Sea basin), Crimea, North-Azov depression and Azov shaft (Ukrainian part of the Sea of Azov).\u0000\u0000Presentation of the main material of the study. Acritarchs Jurassic and Cretaceous belong to 10 genera, including 11 species. The most common species found in both Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments of Ukraine are acritarchs Micrhystridium fragile and Fromea sp. Jurassic complexes are slightly richer than chalk in terms of percentage and are represented mainly by Micrhystridium spp., Micrhystridium flagile, M. longum, Veryhachium brevitrispinum, Wilsonastrum sp., Baltisphaeridium sp. Cretaceous: Micrhystridium spp., Micrhystridium fragile, M. longum, Baltisphaeridium breviciliatum, B. aff. capillatum, B. annelieae, B. accinctum, Acanthodiacrodium sp., Solisphaeridium inaffectum, Comasphaeridium sp., Comasphaeridium aff. brachyspinosum, Veryhachium spp., Veryhachium singulare, Leiofusa stoumonensis, Fromea sp., Ascostomocystis sp. The article presents photo tables of images of Jurassic and Cretaceous acritarchs.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. For the first time in Ukraine, acritarchs were found in samples from Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments and attention was focused on such a little-studied group for the Mesozoic. Their certain role and significance for stratigraphic and paleoecological constructions are proved, their species comp","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87533876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of engineering and geological surveys when inspecting the historical building of Kharkiv","authors":"Vadym Aleksandrovych, O. Havryliuk, V. Sukhov","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-02","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. The large volume of historic buildings that require major repairs, reconstruction and adaptation to modern use dictates the need to move to faster and more reliable technologies of architectural monuments restoration. In this regard, there is a need for a complex approach during the restoration work.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the article is to investigate the difficulty of obtaining the correct conclusions about the geological conditions of the building placement as a result of previously unqualified repair works on the example of engineering-geological surveys during the reconstruction of a historic building.\u0000\u0000Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the analysis of engineering-geological conditions of the soil base of the building, visual inspection of the building, soil sampling from the pits in the basement of the survey object, as well as determining the physical-mechanical characteristics of the soil have been done. An analytical comparison of these data was performed to understand the constructive solution of the building foundations and engineering-geological conditions of their support.\u0000\u0000Results. During the working process, the lack of design and executive documentation for the building, as well as unqualified interference in its structure, was revealed. Therefore, one of the key issues was to determine the actual structure of the foundation, as well as the type and condition of its soil base. As a result of a complex analysis of the structural scheme of the underground part of the building, it was established that the basement was equipped after the construction of the building. To determine the structure, depth and condition of the foundation, pits were laid from the frontal and back walls of the building facade, which is adjacent to the site. During the laboratory studies of the soils, physical-mechanical characteristics were obtained for calculating building structures. Based on the data obtained, recommendations were issued for the further reconstruction of a non-residential building of the historical development of the city.\u0000\u0000Scientific novelty and practical significance. The necessity to research the actual technical state of building structures of a historical building is substantiated to assess the possibility of further reliable and safe operation according to its direct functional purpose, with the development of technical solutions and recommendations for further reconstruction of the building according to the needs of the customer, and ensuring its further uninterrupted and safe ope-ration.\u0000\u0000The practical application of the proposed results has been substantiated - the need for a complex approach during the restoration work for the further reconstruction of a non-residential building of the historical buildings of the city has been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91033136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of atmosphere clearness and cloudiness parameters in the southern regions of Ukraine using statistical analysis","authors":"V. Zatula, Yaroslav Kyhtenko, R. Oliinyk, S. Snizhko","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. This paper deals with the specific aspects of insolation of the terrestrial surface in the southern regions of Ukraine, namely the clearness index and diffuse fraction of the atmosphere. The study was based on satellite data of the average daily insolation and total cloudiness in the nodes of the two-degree grid for the domain with coordinates 48°-45° N and 29°-39° E for the period of 1981-2020.\u0000\u0000The purpose of article. The purpose was to develop statistic models of horizontal surface insolation for various locations of study domain. Main focus was put on special characteristics in conditions of fixed cloudiness. Satellite data for the summer season had been used to evaluate the maximum solar energy potential of Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Methods. Application statistical analysis and means of cartographic data layout were used in the paper.\u0000\u0000Results. It was found that with the highest (more than 50%) frequency the total cloud cover can be characterized by the atmosphere clarity corresponding to a clear sky condition. The significance of irradiation of the terrestrial surface with diffuse solar radiation has been observed, with the share of such radiation in the global irradiation (diffuse ratio) being closely inversely related to the clearness index (correlation about -0.97). In turn, both diffuse ratio and clearness index are statistically dependent on the sky clarity, that allowed deriving analytical functions - diffuse ratio and clearness index - of the sky clarity, which appeared to be S- and Z-shaped curves, respectively. Dispersion of the clearness index ( ) and the diffuse fraction ( ) values and the strength of their statistical relationship significantly depend on the sky clarity. The empirical distribution of the two-dimensional random variable ( ; ) well meets the Gaussian distribution, and the obtained dispersion ellipses allowed calculating the confidence intervals of the two-dimensional random variable (clearness index: diffuse fraction) for a given confidence level. The spatial distribution of the clearness index and diffuse fraction of the atmosphere in the southern regions of Ukraine revealed a significant dependence of these indices on the latitude and the type of underlying surface. At the end of the summer a seasonal effect has been observed in the spatial distribution of the clearness index and diffuse fraction, which can be explained by the specific seasonal features of atmospheric circulation, caused by the spreading out of the eastern ridge of the Azores anticyclone and the general situation with blocking developments in the Atlantic-European sector of the Northern Hemisphere.\u0000\u0000The scientific novelty. Correlation and regression models of special insolation characteristics in conditions of various cloudiness that are represented in this paper are new to Ukraine. Analysis of two-dimensional random value spread (clearness index: cloudiness index) allowed to assess probabilities of integral solar radiation flows. The obtained ana","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88584947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential and non-differential urbanization in Ukraine during the soviet and post-soviet era","authors":"O. Havryliuk","doi":"10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2410-7360-2021-55-11","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation of the problem. To date, there are several concepts for the phased development of urban systems of various scales. But most of these urban development models are created in Western scientific schools of human geography. These models help to identify the stages of urban development in the socio-economic and political conditions of these countries. However, these models often cannot cleanly identify the stages of urban development in post-socialist and post-Soviet countries, and especially in their previous socialist or Soviet periods. Since the 1990s, Ukraine has been in a demographic crisis, which significantly distorts the perception of researchers about the processes of urbanization in its territory. Therefore, it is important to study the trends of urbanization in Ukraine through the prism of the concepts of stage-cyclical urban development. The comparison of the results with international trends and cases is also of high relevance. Based on these motives, this article tests the differential urbanization model as one of the key models of stage-evolutionary development of urban systems of higher hierarchical levels.\u0000\u0000The purpose of the article: (1) to investigate the peculiarities of the development of urbanization processes in Ukraine during 1959-2019; (2) to rethink the conceptual basis of the differential urbanization model and methodological approaches to its testing in Ukraine; (3) to identify Soviet and post-Soviet patterns of urban development in Ukraine based on the results of identification of stages of the differential urbanization model; (4) to compare the results of testing the differential urbanization model in Ukraine with the cases from other countries.\u0000\u0000Methodology. Based on the theory of the differential urbanization model and the experience of testing this model in other countries, certain methodological approaches were elaborated to test this concept at the national scale in Ukraine, namely (a) fixed sizes of urban centres, (b) two types of demographic indicators (rate of population growth and net migration rate) are used to identify the stages of differential urbanization, (c) calculations are based on official census data in Ukraine and inter-census estimates of migration and population.\u0000\u0000Results. Empirical results indicate that urban development in Ukraine during 1959-2019, within the differential urbanization model, had several restarts, due to crisis processes of deconcentration of the population and crisis patterns of non-differential urbanization. The great or the first cycle of differential urbanization has been recorded since 1959, after the Second World War, as in 1959-1970 the initial stage of urbanization was identified. In 1970-1979, urban development entered the advanced stage of urbanization, which lasted until 1989. In 1989-1992, the initial stage of polarization reversal was observed in Ukraine. The crisis stage of non-differential urbanization started after 1992, when all categories of urban cent","PeriodicalId":52802,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogouniversitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Radiofizika ta elektronika","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84908633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}