. In this study, phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary trends of morphological characters of Astragalus sects. Acanthophace and Aegacantha were studied using nrDNA ITS and rpl 32- trn L UAG datasets while Astragalus stocksii was selected as the outgroup. The phylogenetic results indicated the non-monophyly of A. sect. Acanthophace in its current circumscription due to the distant exclusion of A. ovigerus from the core group, and incongruence between nuclear and plastid datasets on the basis of different position of latter species in the resulted phylogenetic trees. Astragalus sect. Aegacantha was also found to not being monophyletic due to the distant position of A. montis-parrowii from the other representatives of the section while accompanying with other spiny Astragalus species . The Optimization of 32 morphological characters on the Bayesian combined tree indicated that some characters were most useful for delimitation of taxa in sections Acanthophace and Aegacantha . The results obtained from the evolution of characters showed that standard blade constriction, position of A. montis-parrowii , which was separated from other members of sect. Aegacantha , as the number of flowers in inflorescences, the presence of peduncle, hairy petal, pandurate standard and constriction of standard that is differentiatiated to claw, the presence of claw in standard and the length difference between keel and wing were different from those in other members of the sect. Aegacantha .
{"title":"Phylogeny and morphological traits evolution of Astragalus sects. Acanthophace and Aegacantha in Iran on the basis of nrDNA ITS and rpl32-trnLUAG sequences","authors":"Z. Khalili, S. Kazempour-Osaloo, A. Maassoumi","doi":"10.52547/NBR.7.2.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/NBR.7.2.228","url":null,"abstract":". In this study, phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary trends of morphological characters of Astragalus sects. Acanthophace and Aegacantha were studied using nrDNA ITS and rpl 32- trn L UAG datasets while Astragalus stocksii was selected as the outgroup. The phylogenetic results indicated the non-monophyly of A. sect. Acanthophace in its current circumscription due to the distant exclusion of A. ovigerus from the core group, and incongruence between nuclear and plastid datasets on the basis of different position of latter species in the resulted phylogenetic trees. Astragalus sect. Aegacantha was also found to not being monophyletic due to the distant position of A. montis-parrowii from the other representatives of the section while accompanying with other spiny Astragalus species . The Optimization of 32 morphological characters on the Bayesian combined tree indicated that some characters were most useful for delimitation of taxa in sections Acanthophace and Aegacantha . The results obtained from the evolution of characters showed that standard blade constriction, position of A. montis-parrowii , which was separated from other members of sect. Aegacantha , as the number of flowers in inflorescences, the presence of peduncle, hairy petal, pandurate standard and constriction of standard that is differentiatiated to claw, the presence of claw in standard and the length difference between keel and wing were different from those in other members of the sect. Aegacantha .","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42177777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Noise pollution is one of the hazardous factors in the environment. One of the major sources of noise pollution is urban transportation, mostly the subway system and transportation in business centers. In this study, the effects of noise pollution on blood serum proteins level of Wistar male rats were investigated. Rats were divided into 3 groups (1 control and 2 experimental, n=6). The control group was kept in standard conditions and the experimental groups were kept in Tehran Grand Bazaar and the vicinity of Sadeghiyeh metro-station (West Rose Street). After eight weeks, the blood serum proteins of each group were analyzed by electrophoresis assay. Then, the blood serum samples were investigated by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and chemometrics method (MCR-ALS). Assessment of serum proteins indicated that among 5 essential proteins in the blood, the percentage of alpha-globulins and beta-globulins displayed significant difference (p<0.05) in experimental groups. The UV-Visible spectra and chemometrics method showed that there were different species in both experimental groups as compared with the control group. Thus, the noise pollution of the areas studied led to alterations in blood proteins. Consequently, it seems crucial to take control and prevention measures for noise reduction in these areas.
{"title":"The effects of noise pollution on blood serum protein of Wistar male rats","authors":"A. Hekmat, Z. Fahimi, Seyed Ali Haeri Rohani","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.19","url":null,"abstract":". Noise pollution is one of the hazardous factors in the environment. One of the major sources of noise pollution is urban transportation, mostly the subway system and transportation in business centers. In this study, the effects of noise pollution on blood serum proteins level of Wistar male rats were investigated. Rats were divided into 3 groups (1 control and 2 experimental, n=6). The control group was kept in standard conditions and the experimental groups were kept in Tehran Grand Bazaar and the vicinity of Sadeghiyeh metro-station (West Rose Street). After eight weeks, the blood serum proteins of each group were analyzed by electrophoresis assay. Then, the blood serum samples were investigated by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and chemometrics method (MCR-ALS). Assessment of serum proteins indicated that among 5 essential proteins in the blood, the percentage of alpha-globulins and beta-globulins displayed significant difference (p<0.05) in experimental groups. The UV-Visible spectra and chemometrics method showed that there were different species in both experimental groups as compared with the control group. Thus, the noise pollution of the areas studied led to alterations in blood proteins. Consequently, it seems crucial to take control and prevention measures for noise reduction in these areas.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46858464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
sepideh piroozi, F. Attar, M. F. Anbaran, Kazem Mehdigholi
Pterocephalus (Caprifoliaceae) consists of 30 species worldwide, mainly distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, of which 14 species were reported from Iran, including five endemic ones. In this study, 35 leafrelated traits and 30 peduncle-related traits were investigated by light microscopy of 15 samples from 11 Iranian species of Ptreocephalus. Our results showed that there were two types of midrib, six types of leaf indumentum and five types of peduncle indumentum. Crystalized calcium oxalate was observed in the leaves and peduncles of most species except in P. plumosus and P. brevis. The profiles of the peduncles were hexagonal, circular or elliptical. The vascular cylinder shape varied from circular to sinuate form. P. wendelboi, with a very different morphology as compared with other species, also exhibited different anatomical characters. The hexagonal sections of peduncle in P. ghahremanii and P. kurdicus and two samples of P. szovitsii were found to be very similar. However, the mentioned characters were found to be less informative or charachterisation of other species. In conclusion, the results showed that the anatomical characters of the leaves and peduncles might have some taxonomic importance in the identification of some species of the genus Pterocephalus.
{"title":"Leaf and peduncle anatomy of some species of the genus Pterocephalus (Caprifoliaceae) from Iran","authors":"sepideh piroozi, F. Attar, M. F. Anbaran, Kazem Mehdigholi","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.106","url":null,"abstract":"Pterocephalus (Caprifoliaceae) consists of 30 species worldwide, mainly distributed in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, of which 14 species were reported from Iran, including five endemic ones. In this study, 35 leafrelated traits and 30 peduncle-related traits were investigated by light microscopy of 15 samples from 11 Iranian species of Ptreocephalus. Our results showed that there were two types of midrib, six types of leaf indumentum and five types of peduncle indumentum. Crystalized calcium oxalate was observed in the leaves and peduncles of most species except in P. plumosus and P. brevis. The profiles of the peduncles were hexagonal, circular or elliptical. The vascular cylinder shape varied from circular to sinuate form. P. wendelboi, with a very different morphology as compared with other species, also exhibited different anatomical characters. The hexagonal sections of peduncle in P. ghahremanii and P. kurdicus and two samples of P. szovitsii were found to be very similar. However, the mentioned characters were found to be less informative or charachterisation of other species. In conclusion, the results showed that the anatomical characters of the leaves and peduncles might have some taxonomic importance in the identification of some species of the genus Pterocephalus.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47912331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vahide Payamenoor, Akram Hasani Satehi, S. Atashi, A. R. Asl
. The present study aimed to increase the seed germination and the initial performance of pistachio seeds by investigating the effects of the magnetic field and osmopriming treatments simultaneously. 10 treatment levels of 10, 20 and 30 mT for 5, 15, 25 minutes and 1 control treatment (without exposure to a magnetic field) were performed in three replicates and the best level of magnetic surface was selected. The results showed that seeds subjected to the magnetic field showed an increase in plumule length, radicle length, total length of seedlings, fresh and dry weight of plumule as well as radicle and germination speed compared with the control treatment. However, there was no significant difference in the germination percentage and uniformity of seeds. Magnetized seeds, with the superior selective treatment (10 mT for 15 minutes), were primed with solutions of potassium nitrate, humic acid and salicylic acid at levels of 10, 25 and 40 mM and a control level (the best level of magnetism) in three replicates. The best result was obtained from humic acid (25 mM). With regard to the low cost of the purchase or construction of magnetic devices and their positive effects, their application could be recommended (10 mT for 15 minutes) combined with the humic acid (25 mM)) so that the quality of pistachio seedlings production would be increased.
{"title":"The effects of magnetism and osmopriming on seed germination and vegetative characteristics of Pistacia atlantica","authors":"Vahide Payamenoor, Akram Hasani Satehi, S. Atashi, A. R. Asl","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.85","url":null,"abstract":". The present study aimed to increase the seed germination and the initial performance of pistachio seeds by investigating the effects of the magnetic field and osmopriming treatments simultaneously. 10 treatment levels of 10, 20 and 30 mT for 5, 15, 25 minutes and 1 control treatment (without exposure to a magnetic field) were performed in three replicates and the best level of magnetic surface was selected. The results showed that seeds subjected to the magnetic field showed an increase in plumule length, radicle length, total length of seedlings, fresh and dry weight of plumule as well as radicle and germination speed compared with the control treatment. However, there was no significant difference in the germination percentage and uniformity of seeds. Magnetized seeds, with the superior selective treatment (10 mT for 15 minutes), were primed with solutions of potassium nitrate, humic acid and salicylic acid at levels of 10, 25 and 40 mM and a control level (the best level of magnetism) in three replicates. The best result was obtained from humic acid (25 mM). With regard to the low cost of the purchase or construction of magnetic devices and their positive effects, their application could be recommended (10 mT for 15 minutes) combined with the humic acid (25 mM)) so that the quality of pistachio seedlings production would be increased.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49476749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Exopolymers (EPS) are high-molecular-weight polymers secreted by some micro-organisms and have several applications in food, pharmaceutical, packaging and agricultural industries, as well as medicine. Actinobacteria are valuable bacteria in biotechnology and many commercial drugs such as antibiotics, antioxidants and immune-suppressant agents are derived from Actinobacteria. Recently, their other capabilities such as exopolymer production have been taken into consideration. Due to the high potential of actinobacteria in producing various compounds and increased prevalence of infections by antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the aim of the present study was to evaluate
{"title":"Introducing antimicrobial exopolymer-producing actinobacteria from soils of Iran","authors":"Sogol Tavanaeian, J. Hamedi, S. Haghighat","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.55","url":null,"abstract":". Exopolymers (EPS) are high-molecular-weight polymers secreted by some micro-organisms and have several applications in food, pharmaceutical, packaging and agricultural industries, as well as medicine. Actinobacteria are valuable bacteria in biotechnology and many commercial drugs such as antibiotics, antioxidants and immune-suppressant agents are derived from Actinobacteria. Recently, their other capabilities such as exopolymer production have been taken into consideration. Due to the high potential of actinobacteria in producing various compounds and increased prevalence of infections by antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the aim of the present study was to evaluate","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44660318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bahrami, Bita Jenabzadeh, Hamid Mosmeri, M. Ghafari
. Phenazine 1-corboxylic acid (PCA) is an antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of a vast number of micro-organisms. PCA has has been applied in fields such as pharmaceutical, agricultural, marine and chemical industries. In this study, the antibiotic properties of PCA (produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa MUT.3, which is kept at the Microbial Collection of Malek Ashtar University of Technology) was studied. The impacts of temperature and light conditions on the activity of PCA was investigated within a 230-day period. To investigate the rate of PCA destruction in the experiment, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of PCA under various conditions was studied by minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum biocidal concentration (MBC) methods against E. coli DH5α . The results showed that PCA could be active up to 210 days in darkness (at 25 o C). Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity of PCA was reduced to 100 and 50 days by increasing the temperature to 35 and 45 o C, respectively. In addition, PCA could be active up to 120 and 10 days in visible and ultraviolet light condition, respectively. The MIC and MBC data were consistent with the HPLC results. Detailed data on the activity and stability of phenazine 1-corboxylic
． Phenazine 1-羧酸(Phenazine 1-corboxylic acid, PCA)是一种抗生素，能抑制大量微生物的生长。PCA在医药、农业、海洋、化工等领域得到了广泛的应用。本研究对PCA(由Malek Ashtar University of Technology微生物Collection保存的铜绿假单胞菌MUT.3产生)的抗生素特性进行了研究。在230 d的时间内，研究了温度和光照条件对PCA活性的影响。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究实验中PCA的破坏率。采用最小抑菌浓度法(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度法(MBC)研究了不同条件下PCA对大肠杆菌DH5α的抑菌活性。结果表明，在25℃条件下，PCA的抑菌活性可达210天，而在35℃和45℃条件下，PCA的抑菌活性分别降低到100天和50天。此外，在可见光和紫外光条件下，PCA的活性分别可达120天和10天。MIC和MBC数据与HPLC结果一致。苯那嗪-羟基的活性和稳定性的详细数据
{"title":"Phenazine 1- carboxylic acid (PCA) produced by Pseudomonas aeroginosa MUT.3: a study on its stability and antibacterial activity under various environmental conditions","authors":"A. Bahrami, Bita Jenabzadeh, Hamid Mosmeri, M. Ghafari","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.30","url":null,"abstract":". Phenazine 1-corboxylic acid (PCA) is an antibiotic, which inhibits the growth of a vast number of micro-organisms. PCA has has been applied in fields such as pharmaceutical, agricultural, marine and chemical industries. In this study, the antibiotic properties of PCA (produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa MUT.3, which is kept at the Microbial Collection of Malek Ashtar University of Technology) was studied. The impacts of temperature and light conditions on the activity of PCA was investigated within a 230-day period. To investigate the rate of PCA destruction in the experiment, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was utilized. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of PCA under various conditions was studied by minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum biocidal concentration (MBC) methods against E. coli DH5α . The results showed that PCA could be active up to 210 days in darkness (at 25 o C). Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity of PCA was reduced to 100 and 50 days by increasing the temperature to 35 and 45 o C, respectively. In addition, PCA could be active up to 120 and 10 days in visible and ultraviolet light condition, respectively. The MIC and MBC data were consistent with the HPLC results. Detailed data on the activity and stability of phenazine 1-corboxylic","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42454119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Urease-producing bacteria can precipitate calcite nano-crystals by producing urease in the presence of urea and calcium. Calcite precipitation resulting from microbial activity is a process which causes cementation of soil particles in nature. The purpose of this study was to isolate urease - producing halophilic bacteria in order to precipitate calcite in saline soil. Natural samples, including soil and saline waters, were selected for this purpose. At First, halophilic bacteria were isolated by salt-containing TSB medium. Then, a selective medium containing phenol red and urea facilitated the isolation of urease-producing bacteria . Hydrolysis of urea by urease causes alkalization of the medium and the formation of pink halo around colonies. Finally, the best isolate was selected for further study by measuring the release of ammonium by the Nessler method. The ability or inability of isolates to produce calcite was investigated by culturing the isolates on sedimentary medium with different salt concentrations for 10 days. In total, 110 halophilic isolates were isolated, among which 58 isolates had the ability of urease production. The microscopic studies of colonies showed that only 6 isolates were able to produce crystals on precipitation medium. Isolate 6 was selected for further study and then analyzed by X-ray diffraction crystals on precipitation medium. Isolate 6 was selected for further study and then analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD)
{"title":"The isolation of halophilic urease-producing bacteria and the study of their nano-crystal production","authors":"M. Haddadi, G. Ghezelbash","doi":"10.29252/nbr.7.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/nbr.7.1.37","url":null,"abstract":". Urease-producing bacteria can precipitate calcite nano-crystals by producing urease in the presence of urea and calcium. Calcite precipitation resulting from microbial activity is a process which causes cementation of soil particles in nature. The purpose of this study was to isolate urease - producing halophilic bacteria in order to precipitate calcite in saline soil. Natural samples, including soil and saline waters, were selected for this purpose. At First, halophilic bacteria were isolated by salt-containing TSB medium. Then, a selective medium containing phenol red and urea facilitated the isolation of urease-producing bacteria . Hydrolysis of urea by urease causes alkalization of the medium and the formation of pink halo around colonies. Finally, the best isolate was selected for further study by measuring the release of ammonium by the Nessler method. The ability or inability of isolates to produce calcite was investigated by culturing the isolates on sedimentary medium with different salt concentrations for 10 days. In total, 110 halophilic isolates were isolated, among which 58 isolates had the ability of urease production. The microscopic studies of colonies showed that only 6 isolates were able to produce crystals on precipitation medium. Isolate 6 was selected for further study and then analyzed by X-ray diffraction crystals on precipitation medium. Isolate 6 was selected for further study and then analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD)","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42635199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Floristic study is one of the most efficient methods of gaining knowledge about biological capacities, as well as management and conservation of plant genetic resources in ecological systems. Zanjan county town is located in a mountainous region with an area of 6763 km2 and the average altitude of 1663 m.a.s.l. Its favorable vegetation diversity is the result of suitable ecological conditions, diverse habitats and appropriate water resources in the region. The central district of Zanjan county town, with an area of 2600.2 km2, was chosen as a representative to show tree and woody shrub species diversity. In order to identify tree and shrub species, life forms and chorology of plants, samples were collected by the conventional method of floristic studies and were, then, identified using taxonomic references. In total, there were 122 tree and woody shrub species, belonging to 76 genera and 39 families, in the studied area. The richest families included Rosaceae (29 species) and Oleaceae (9 species), which comprised 31.15% of the arboreal and woody shrub species. Mesophanerophytes (37.7%) and microphanerophytes (32.79%) were the dominant life forms in the area studied as determined by the Raunkiaer method. The Irano-Turanian vegetative elements were the most important elements in this area based on Zohary approach. Prunus lycioides was found to be endemic to Iran.
{"title":"The introduction of tree and shrub species in the central district of Zanjan county town","authors":"Z. Toghranegar, M. Vafadar","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.119","url":null,"abstract":"Floristic study is one of the most efficient methods of gaining knowledge about biological capacities, as well as management and conservation of plant genetic resources in ecological systems. Zanjan county town is located in a mountainous region with an area of 6763 km2 and the average altitude of 1663 m.a.s.l. Its favorable vegetation diversity is the result of suitable ecological conditions, diverse habitats and appropriate water resources in the region. The central district of Zanjan county town, with an area of 2600.2 km2, was chosen as a representative to show tree and woody shrub species diversity. In order to identify tree and shrub species, life forms and chorology of plants, samples were collected by the conventional method of floristic studies and were, then, identified using taxonomic references. In total, there were 122 tree and woody shrub species, belonging to 76 genera and 39 families, in the studied area. The richest families included Rosaceae (29 species) and Oleaceae (9 species), which comprised 31.15% of the arboreal and woody shrub species. Mesophanerophytes (37.7%) and microphanerophytes (32.79%) were the dominant life forms in the area studied as determined by the Raunkiaer method. The Irano-Turanian vegetative elements were the most important elements in this area based on Zohary approach. Prunus lycioides was found to be endemic to Iran.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48746981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing bacteria is an important public health issue. The aim of this study was to investigate phenotypic and genotypic characteristics regarding the presence of extended spectrum β-lactamase ctx-m, per and ver producing Escherichia coli isolated from raw dairy samples. For this purpose, E. coli were isolated from 247 raw dairy samples (milk and cheese) in Yasooj in 2015-2017, and the isolates were screened for antibiotic resistance, extended spectrum β-lactamase and the presence of ctx-m, per and ver. In total, 200 isolates were selected. The highest frequency of resistance in isolates was against tetracycline (96.5%) and ampicillin (95.5%) antibiotics and the lowest against imipenem (12.5%), In addition, multidrug resistance against four or more antibiotics was observed in some isolates. Extended spectrum β-lactamase resistance was detected in 86 isolates (43%) and ctx-m, per and ver genes were detected in 82, 0 and 7 E. coli isolates, respectively. These findings demonstrated that raw dairy products may be reservoirs for the dissemination of β-lactam antibiotics and that resistance genes could be transmitted to humans through the food chain.
{"title":"The multidrug resistance and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases ctx-m, per and ver in Escherichia coli isolates derived from raw dairy samples","authors":"Pouria Khodavandi, F. Alizadeh, A. Khodavandi","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.46","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing bacteria is an important public health issue. The aim of this study was to investigate phenotypic and genotypic characteristics regarding the presence of extended spectrum β-lactamase ctx-m, per and ver producing Escherichia coli isolated from raw dairy samples. For this purpose, E. coli were isolated from 247 raw dairy samples (milk and cheese) in Yasooj in 2015-2017, and the isolates were screened for antibiotic resistance, extended spectrum β-lactamase and the presence of ctx-m, per and ver. In total, 200 isolates were selected. The highest frequency of resistance in isolates was against tetracycline (96.5%) and ampicillin (95.5%) antibiotics and the lowest against imipenem (12.5%), In addition, multidrug resistance against four or more antibiotics was observed in some isolates. Extended spectrum β-lactamase resistance was detected in 86 isolates (43%) and ctx-m, per and ver genes were detected in 82, 0 and 7 E. coli isolates, respectively. These findings demonstrated that raw dairy products may be reservoirs for the dissemination of β-lactam antibiotics and that resistance genes could be transmitted to humans through the food chain.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42347503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Kazemi, Maghsoud Pazhohandeh, P. Jonoubi, M. Kazemian
One of the main strategies to improve plant tolerance is the expression of stress-induced genes, which play a significant role in the ionic balance of plants. SOS3 is one of the important components of SOS-regulated ionic homeostasis pathway. Therefore, the expression of this gene could be an important step towards producing salt-resistant plants. In this work, we have transformed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by Agrobacterium (GV3101 and LBA4404) containing plasmids with SOS3 genes. The maximum regeneration rate was determined in cotyledons of CH genotype. The simultaneous use of cotyledons and hypocotyls in the culture medium had the best outcome. In addition, the best time was found to be one day after inoculation. Also, the best transgenic variety was detected for Agrobacterium GV3101, which can be attributed to the interaction between the genus Agrobacterium and the tomato variety. Transgenic plants were transferred to a culture medium containing sequestrene, which caused the acceleration of the seedling growth in particular. The presence of the SOS3 in the transgenic plants was verified by PCR and RT-PCR methods.
{"title":"The optimization of gene transfer to tomato and the study of expression possibility of salt-tolerance gene (SOS3)","authors":"E. Kazemi, Maghsoud Pazhohandeh, P. Jonoubi, M. Kazemian","doi":"10.29252/NBR.7.1.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/NBR.7.1.76","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main strategies to improve plant tolerance is the expression of stress-induced genes, which play a significant role in the ionic balance of plants. SOS3 is one of the important components of SOS-regulated ionic homeostasis pathway. Therefore, the expression of this gene could be an important step towards producing salt-resistant plants. In this work, we have transformed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by Agrobacterium (GV3101 and LBA4404) containing plasmids with SOS3 genes. The maximum regeneration rate was determined in cotyledons of CH genotype. The simultaneous use of cotyledons and hypocotyls in the culture medium had the best outcome. In addition, the best time was found to be one day after inoculation. Also, the best transgenic variety was detected for Agrobacterium GV3101, which can be attributed to the interaction between the genus Agrobacterium and the tomato variety. Transgenic plants were transferred to a culture medium containing sequestrene, which caused the acceleration of the seedling growth in particular. The presence of the SOS3 in the transgenic plants was verified by PCR and RT-PCR methods.","PeriodicalId":52900,"journal":{"name":"yfthhy nwyn dr `lwm zysty","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41902336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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