Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.36261/ijdeel.v6i2.1859
Mussa Saidi Abubakari, Mashoedah
Universities in Indonesia implemented online learning following the command by the government as among the ways to mitigate the Covid-19 infections. However, fully online learning is a new experience for most educators and students including international students in Indonesia. Little is known about factors influencing online learning engagement, particularly in relation to international students. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual model of online learning engagement based on literature review. Thus, method used is reviewing previous studies obtained from various academic journals which discussed the concept of student engagement and its related factors. The results of literature analysis indicate that student engagement is a crucial factor towards student academic and nonacademic success. Also, findings from analysis indicate that, learner engagement is influenced by a number of factors such as institutional support, instructor interactivity, student motivation, and learning material interactivity. Finally, the conceptual model of online learning engagement is proposed based on previous empirical studies. Recommendation for future studies is also discussed.
{"title":"Online Learning Engagement Model for International Students in Indonesia amid Covid-19 Period: A Conceptual Model Proposal","authors":"Mussa Saidi Abubakari, Mashoedah","doi":"10.36261/ijdeel.v6i2.1859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/ijdeel.v6i2.1859","url":null,"abstract":"Universities in Indonesia implemented online learning following the command by the government as among the ways to mitigate the Covid-19 infections. However, fully online learning is a new experience for most educators and students including international students in Indonesia. Little is known about factors influencing online learning engagement, particularly in relation to international students. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual model of online learning engagement based on literature review. Thus, method used is reviewing previous studies obtained from various academic journals which discussed the concept of student engagement and its related factors. The results of literature analysis indicate that student engagement is a crucial factor towards student academic and nonacademic success. Also, findings from analysis indicate that, learner engagement is influenced by a number of factors such as institutional support, instructor interactivity, student motivation, and learning material interactivity. Finally, the conceptual model of online learning engagement is proposed based on previous empirical studies. Recommendation for future studies is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45895892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1427
Imran Latif Saifi, Nasreen Akhter, Lubna Salamat
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is the result of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). Pandemic is the outburst of any disease worldwide. Electronic Service (E-service) is based on technology and provides different electronic channels i.e. e-learning & coaching (online learning), e-library, etc. This study was design to explore challenges of HEI’s electronic support services in teacher education during pandemic shut down of COVID-19. The objectives of the study were to explore the challenges of e-support services in teacher education programs due to pandemic shutdown of COVID-19 and to propose a framework for stake holders of HEI’s esupport services. This study was descriptive and the survey method was used. Teacher education program B. Ed (1.5 Years) from two universities of Pakistan, one from formal mode and one from distance education online mode were selected and all the prospective teachers of 2nd semester were defined as population of the study. Sample of the study consisted of 150 students (selected conveniently). An online questionnaire was used as tool for data collection which had 15 closeended statements on 5- point Likert scale. It was concluded that the facility to purchase internet bundles was not available to students in the pandemic shutdown of COVID-19. The students and academia on the other hand were not trained for online teaching learning procedures. It wasproposed that HEI’s may arrange internet bundles with collaboration of internet provider companies to students, academia and institutions also focus to train academia and students for online education because the effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Shutdown are expecting a change in future procedures of education till the situation is not going to be seen normal.
{"title":"Covid-19 Pandemic Shutdown: Challenges of Hei’s Electronic Support Services in Teacher Education Programs","authors":"Imran Latif Saifi, Nasreen Akhter, Lubna Salamat","doi":"10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1427","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is the result of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). Pandemic is the outburst of any disease worldwide. Electronic Service (E-service) is based on technology and provides different electronic channels i.e. e-learning & coaching (online learning), e-library, etc. This study was design to explore challenges of HEI’s electronic support services in teacher education during pandemic shut down of COVID-19. The objectives of the study were to explore the challenges of e-support services in teacher education programs due to pandemic shutdown of COVID-19 and to propose a framework for stake holders of HEI’s esupport services. This study was descriptive and the survey method was used. Teacher education program B. Ed (1.5 Years) from two universities of Pakistan, one from formal mode and one from distance education online mode were selected and all the prospective teachers of 2nd semester were defined as population of the study. Sample of the study consisted of 150 students (selected conveniently). An online questionnaire was used as tool for data collection which had 15 closeended statements on 5- point Likert scale. It was concluded that the facility to purchase internet bundles was not available to students in the pandemic shutdown of COVID-19. The students and academia on the other hand were not trained for online teaching learning procedures. It wasproposed that HEI’s may arrange internet bundles with collaboration of internet provider companies to students, academia and institutions also focus to train academia and students for online education because the effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Shutdown are expecting a change in future procedures of education till the situation is not going to be seen normal.","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70132068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1425
Sajid Ali Yousuf Zai, Aisha Shams Akhunzada
The world is in the fright condition and facing the threat of COVID-19 and Pakistan is not an exceptional in this situation. By the decision of National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC), all the universities and institutions were closed for formal academic activities and starting online classes from March, 2020. This was an astounding paradigm for the regular students of the institutions as well as for the faculty. Hence, this study has been conceded to find out what the faculty and students got what they lost individually and scholastically and what are their suggestions for the improvement and uniformity of the online learning system throughout thecountry. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of HEC during COVID-19 to implement the immediate online learning and its impact on students learning. This research was based on qualitative research in which data were collected from the literature available online. Various contemporary articles, papers, reports, blogs, newspaper reports as well official reports and news were carried out into consideration for this study. However, the thematic method was used for categorization of the main themes from the literature related to the views of the students and faculty and the role of HEC in the improvement of the online teaching-learning process in Pakistan. Recommendations for the improvement of online teaching and learning system were proposed inthe light of current pandemic situation.
{"title":"Challenges and Responses of Higher Education institutions to align higher Education with COVID-19 Realities: A Thematic Analysis","authors":"Sajid Ali Yousuf Zai, Aisha Shams Akhunzada","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1425","url":null,"abstract":"The world is in the fright condition and facing the threat of COVID-19 and Pakistan is not an exceptional in this situation. By the decision of National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC), all the universities and institutions were closed for formal academic activities and starting online classes from March, 2020. This was an astounding paradigm for the regular students of the institutions as well as for the faculty. Hence, this study has been conceded to find out what the faculty and students got what they lost individually and scholastically and what are their suggestions for the improvement and uniformity of the online learning system throughout thecountry. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of HEC during COVID-19 to implement the immediate online learning and its impact on students learning. This research was based on qualitative research in which data were collected from the literature available online. Various contemporary articles, papers, reports, blogs, newspaper reports as well official reports and news were carried out into consideration for this study. However, the thematic method was used for categorization of the main themes from the literature related to the views of the students and faculty and the role of HEC in the improvement of the online teaching-learning process in Pakistan. Recommendations for the improvement of online teaching and learning system were proposed inthe light of current pandemic situation. ","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45508968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1419
H. Uchenna, I. B. Hashim
In the fast-growing population of Africa, Nigeria has become the most populous nation with over 177,000,000 inhabitants and consisting of about 32% youths (Abdulrahman et al, 2014). Sustainable development can only be achieved through proper education at all levels. While the regular classroom-based educational programmes have been characterized by incessant strikes and ever-increasing requests for admission due to increasing population, the introduction and acceptance of Open and Distance Learning programmes (ODL) as an alternative to classroom based system, has become imperative to cater for the educational needs of the entire citizenry. Although there have been considerable investments in educational facilities in most schoolsoffering ODL programmes, this research found that a lot still need to be put in place, considering that that high cost of internet access, tutor-learner relationship, educational tools and the packaging of ODL educational resources continues to pose tremendous challenges to students thereby affecting their learning rates and by extension, their academic performance.
{"title":"ICT Infrastructural and Technical Challenges: A Major Impediment towards the Development of Open and Distance Learning (ODL) in Nigeria","authors":"H. Uchenna, I. B. Hashim","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1419","url":null,"abstract":"In the fast-growing population of Africa, Nigeria has become the most populous nation with over 177,000,000 inhabitants and consisting of about 32% youths (Abdulrahman et al, 2014). Sustainable development can only be achieved through proper education at all levels. While the regular classroom-based educational programmes have been characterized by incessant strikes and ever-increasing requests for admission due to increasing population, the introduction and acceptance of Open and Distance Learning programmes (ODL) as an alternative to classroom based system, has become imperative to cater for the educational needs of the entire citizenry. Although there have been considerable investments in educational facilities in most schoolsoffering ODL programmes, this research found that a lot still need to be put in place, considering that that high cost of internet access, tutor-learner relationship, educational tools and the packaging of ODL educational resources continues to pose tremendous challenges to students thereby affecting their learning rates and by extension, their academic performance. ","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43866262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1430
Nighat Parveen, Shazia Zamir
The technological revolution in the recent era is adding up means of learning. The launch of 3G/4G technologies supplementing with the latest applications and software have made mobile devices an effective medium for learning. The portable devices are facilitating the newest trends of learning such as e-learning and online learning. This study aimed to explore factors affecting students’ behavioural intentions regarding the use mobile learning and to investigate the moderating role of age, gender and programs of studies in the use of mobile learning at higher education level. Data were collected from 45 students through a questionnaire. Statistical techniques like frequencies, mean, correlation coefficient, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze data. It was concluded that all respondents possessed behavioural intentions to learn through mobile devices. There was no significant difference between the behavioural intentions of male and female respondents for using mobile learning. No significant difference was observed in behavioural intensions of respondents from different age groups and respondents enrolled in different programs to use mobile learning. It is recommended that management of higher education may design and implement the use of mobile devices in learning at higher education.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Behavioural Intentions in the Use of Mobile Learning in Higher Education","authors":"Nighat Parveen, Shazia Zamir","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1430","url":null,"abstract":"The technological revolution in the recent era is adding up means of learning. The launch of 3G/4G technologies supplementing with the latest applications and software have made mobile devices an effective medium for learning. The portable devices are facilitating the newest trends of learning such as e-learning and online learning. This study aimed to explore factors affecting students’ behavioural intentions regarding the use mobile learning and to investigate the moderating role of age, gender and programs of studies in the use of mobile learning at higher education level. Data were collected from 45 students through a questionnaire. Statistical techniques like frequencies, mean, correlation coefficient, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze data. It was concluded that all respondents possessed behavioural intentions to learn through mobile devices. There was no significant difference between the behavioural intentions of male and female respondents for using mobile learning. No significant difference was observed in behavioural intensions of respondents from different age groups and respondents enrolled in different programs to use mobile learning. It is recommended that management of higher education may design and implement the use of mobile devices in learning at higher education.","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70132124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1420
Boutkhil Guemide, Dr. Salima Maouche
Like many countries in the world, Algeria has been hit by the Corona virus, and as a result, the Algerian government has taken serious measures to deal with the current situation. In this context, the Algerian ministry of higher education and scientific research has instructed universities to perform online teaching and learning through regular, established eLearning platforms, as a step towards reducing the spread of the Corona virus. The present paper provides an assessment of the online learning electronic system provided by the Algerian universities during the pandemic. Basically, the research relies on students’ and teachers’ questionnaires as the undertaking tool to gather valid data in order to analyze and highlight the shortcomings of the online learning. The research results indicated that total reliance on online learning was according to strategies and planned learning objectives as it needs a solid platform for its total implementation. The research concluded with some recommendations which should be taken into account for better implementation of online learning electronic system in the Algerian higher education context.
{"title":"Assessment of Distance Learning in the Algerian Universities during the COVID-19","authors":"Boutkhil Guemide, Dr. Salima Maouche","doi":"10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/ijdeel.v6i1.1420","url":null,"abstract":"Like many countries in the world, Algeria has been hit by the Corona virus, and as a result, the Algerian government has taken serious measures to deal with the current situation. In this context, the Algerian ministry of higher education and scientific research has instructed universities to perform online teaching and learning through regular, established eLearning platforms, as a step towards reducing the spread of the Corona virus. The present paper provides an assessment of the online learning electronic system provided by the Algerian universities during the pandemic. Basically, the research relies on students’ and teachers’ questionnaires as the undertaking tool to gather valid data in order to analyze and highlight the shortcomings of the online learning. The research results indicated that total reliance on online learning was according to strategies and planned learning objectives as it needs a solid platform for its total implementation. The research concluded with some recommendations which should be taken into account for better implementation of online learning electronic system in the Algerian higher education context. ","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70139962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1423
Abdul Rahim Chandio
This study aims to determine the intention of the students towards the use of digital learning during the COVID-19 outbreak as it impacts to cover the syllabus and face the learning management at risk. The rising dilemma of the COVID-19 urged the world communities to adopt the Digital system in the learning sphere to mitigate the psychological stress of the pandemic as Pakistan also moved to meet the criteria accordingly. The current research investigates the university students’ perception to apply the digital learning system in the way to regulate their online classes among the graduate to the Ph.D. level in Sindh. For the discovering the opinion of the digital learning users the behavioral determinants as perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), social influence (SI), perceived quality (PQ), and intention to use e-learning (IEL) have been proposed and these constructs are used to envisage the students intentional level to use the wireless technology in their online classes in a Pakistan point of view. The data was collected through the students using an online survey of the Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, in which 249 respondents participated via their online feedback to fill the questionnaires. The theoretical approach pursues to encircle the technological acceptance model and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to find out the users intention to use the digital learning and the data analysis was carried out through utilizing SPSS version 24 and the hypotheses were tested through the regressions and correlations. The given results highlight that all proposed factorsreveal the significant and positive relationship with dependent variable. The limitation of the prevailing study is concerned with the use of wireless technology in educational sector within a particular institution and findings could assist the students to adopt the online learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. The overall findings lead towards proposed framework and its practical implications.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Intentions to use Digital Learning during COVID-19 Outbreak in Sindh: An Empirical Study","authors":"Abdul Rahim Chandio","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1423","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the intention of the students towards the use of digital learning during the COVID-19 outbreak as it impacts to cover the syllabus and face the learning management at risk. The rising dilemma of the COVID-19 urged the world communities to adopt the Digital system in the learning sphere to mitigate the psychological stress of the pandemic as Pakistan also moved to meet the criteria accordingly. The current research investigates the university students’ perception to apply the digital learning system in the way to regulate their online classes among the graduate to the Ph.D. level in Sindh. For the discovering the opinion of the digital learning users the behavioral determinants as perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), social influence (SI), perceived quality (PQ), and intention to use e-learning (IEL) have been proposed and these constructs are used to envisage the students intentional level to use the wireless technology in their online classes in a Pakistan point of view. The data was collected through the students using an online survey of the Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, in which 249 respondents participated via their online feedback to fill the questionnaires. The theoretical approach pursues to encircle the technological acceptance model and unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to find out the users intention to use the digital learning and the data analysis was carried out through utilizing SPSS version 24 and the hypotheses were tested through the regressions and correlations. The given results highlight that all proposed factorsreveal the significant and positive relationship with dependent variable. The limitation of the prevailing study is concerned with the use of wireless technology in educational sector within a particular institution and findings could assist the students to adopt the online learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. The overall findings lead towards proposed framework and its practical implications.","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41784481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1426
M. Sharjeel, S. Haider, Mehnaz Aslam
The present study aimed at analysis of dimensions of organizational culture of universities in Baluchistan. The study was carried out using quantitative research methodology with survey method of research and data collection. A total of n= 126 students, faculty members and administrative staff members (48 students, 48 faculty members and 30 administrative staff members) participated in this study. The sample was drawn through a multi-stage sampling design. Data was collected through close-ended, self-reported five-option Likert scale type questionnaire adopted with minor modifications from Zeqiri and Alija (2016). Analysis of collected data was carried out through SPSS V 24. Samples were contacted through consent letters and emails. Allpossible ways of legal and ethical considerations were part of the study. The analysis of data showed that the organisational culture of universities is a combination of Hofstede’s proposed dimensions of organizational culture.Universities tend to be effective and sustainable in their approaches but this is not so accros the country in the context of higher education teaching and non-teaching faculty members. Organizational culture of universities have inexperience dominance and the culture has openness towards newcomers. Rigidness towards deadlines is also an attribute of universities’ organizational culture, but there are few relaxations and comforts in working enviornments as well. Universities are contributing in a positive way towards society andhave realistice and pragmatic approach towards teaching and reearch. This study recommends a valueable consideration of employees’ personal needs and problems. The study also suggests that middle managers (Deans, Head of Departments) should be trained in human pschychology and human resources management.
本研究旨在分析俾路支省大学组织文化的维度。本研究采用定量研究方法，采用调查研究和数据收集相结合的方法。共有n=126名学生、教员和行政人员（48名学生、48名教员和30名行政人员）参与了这项研究。样本是通过多阶段抽样设计抽取的。数据是通过Zeqiri和Alija（2016）的封闭式、自我报告的五选项Likert量表类型问卷收集的，并稍作修改。通过SPSS V 24对收集的数据进行分析。通过同意书和电子邮件联系样本。所有可能的法律和伦理考虑方式都是研究的一部分。数据分析表明，大学的组织文化是霍夫斯泰德提出的组织文化维度的结合。大学的方法往往是有效和可持续的，但在高等教育教学和非教学教师的背景下，这并不符合国家的要求。大学的组织文化具有缺乏经验的主导地位，并且对新来者具有开放性。严格遵守截止日期也是大学组织文化的一个特点，但在工作环境中也很少有放松和舒适的地方。大学正在以积极的方式为社会做出贡献，并在教学和研究方面采取现实和务实的方法。这项研究建议对员工的个人需求和问题进行有价值的考虑。该研究还建议，中层管理人员（院长、部门负责人）应接受人力心理学和人力资源管理方面的培训。
{"title":"Pragmatic Perspectives of Hofstede’s Organizational Dimensions in the Context of ICT-based Culture: Evidence from Public Universities in Pakistan","authors":"M. Sharjeel, S. Haider, Mehnaz Aslam","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1426","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at analysis of dimensions of organizational culture of universities in Baluchistan. The study was carried out using quantitative research methodology with survey method of research and data collection. A total of n= 126 students, faculty members and administrative staff members (48 students, 48 faculty members and 30 administrative staff members) participated in this study. The sample was drawn through a multi-stage sampling design. Data was collected through close-ended, self-reported five-option Likert scale type questionnaire adopted with minor modifications from Zeqiri and Alija (2016). Analysis of collected data was carried out through SPSS V 24. Samples were contacted through consent letters and emails. Allpossible ways of legal and ethical considerations were part of the study. The analysis of data showed that the organisational culture of universities is a combination of Hofstede’s proposed dimensions of organizational culture.Universities tend to be effective and sustainable in their approaches but this is not so accros the country in the context of higher education teaching and non-teaching faculty members. Organizational culture of universities have inexperience dominance and the culture has openness towards newcomers. Rigidness towards deadlines is also an attribute of universities’ organizational culture, but there are few relaxations and comforts in working enviornments as well. Universities are contributing in a positive way towards society andhave realistice and pragmatic approach towards teaching and reearch. This study recommends a valueable consideration of employees’ personal needs and problems. The study also suggests that middle managers (Deans, Head of Departments) should be trained in human pschychology and human resources management.","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46997485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1421
Mariam Naz, U. Hani, Yaar Muhammad
Technological advancement in the rapidly changing world of work demands its use in every field, including education. In the current scenario, online education is the new normal. Therefore, future teachers should be aware of multiple instructional strategies and suitable ways of using technology to assist in the development of 21st-century skills in learners. Keeping this fact into consideration, this study aims to explore the self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers regarding online teaching. The technological pedagogical content knowledge framework was employed to understand and describe the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers for effective pedagogical practice in a technology-enhanced learning environment. Through the use of phenomenological case study design, this research investigates the self-efficacy level, understanding, and expectations of futureteachers regarding effective online teaching. Koehler and Mishra’s TPACK framework and Bandura’s self-efficacy theory were used as the conceptual underpinnings of semi-structured interviews conducted with five pre-service teachers enrolled in a teacher education program. The study found a high level of self-efficacy perceived by pre-service teachers. Also, pre-service teachers were confident in using the TPACK framework for online teaching. The study suggests the use of technology-based materials in the courses of teacher education related to technology integration for enhancing self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers regarding online teaching.
{"title":"Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Pre-Service Teachers Regarding Online Teaching","authors":"Mariam Naz, U. Hani, Yaar Muhammad","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1421","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advancement in the rapidly changing world of work demands its use in every field, including education. In the current scenario, online education is the new normal. Therefore, future teachers should be aware of multiple instructional strategies and suitable ways of using technology to assist in the development of 21st-century skills in learners. Keeping this fact into consideration, this study aims to explore the self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers regarding online teaching. The technological pedagogical content knowledge framework was employed to understand and describe the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers for effective pedagogical practice in a technology-enhanced learning environment. Through the use of phenomenological case study design, this research investigates the self-efficacy level, understanding, and expectations of futureteachers regarding effective online teaching. Koehler and Mishra’s TPACK framework and Bandura’s self-efficacy theory were used as the conceptual underpinnings of semi-structured interviews conducted with five pre-service teachers enrolled in a teacher education program. The study found a high level of self-efficacy perceived by pre-service teachers. Also, pre-service teachers were confident in using the TPACK framework for online teaching. The study suggests the use of technology-based materials in the courses of teacher education related to technology integration for enhancing self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers regarding online teaching. ","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42711585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-14DOI: 10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1428
M. Raza, S. Siraj, M. Saeed
Pakistan and India are two important South Asian neighboring countries equipped with nuclear capabilities. Unfortunately, the checkered bilateral foreign relations history is hostile and both countries have been fought four conventional wars since 1947. Mass media plays a significant role in shaping international relations and it is considered important to study the image of nations and states to assess international standing of a nation. In present study, we explored and compare the image of Pakistan and India in the representation of tweets of international news agencies. Methodologically, we used content analysis and network analysis techniques to find out the country-issue networks in news tweets. We have designated tweets of four major news agencies;Reuters, Agence France Press, Associated Press and Xinhua related to Pakistan and India for the duration of 7 years (from 2010-2016). We found that India and Pakistan are being covered negatively in news tweets of these news agencies. However, Pakistan’s image seems more negative through lens of international news agencies as compare to India in terms of peace and conflict issues coverage. Both countries should take steps and formulate vibrant policy towards creation and dissemination of their positive image on digital media.
{"title":"Image of India and Pakistan in Digital Age: A Comparative Study on Tweets of International News Agencies","authors":"M. Raza, S. Siraj, M. Saeed","doi":"10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36261/IJDEEL.V6I1.1428","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan and India are two important South Asian neighboring countries equipped with nuclear capabilities. Unfortunately, the checkered bilateral foreign relations history is hostile and both countries have been fought four conventional wars since 1947. Mass media plays a significant role in shaping international relations and it is considered important to study the image of nations and states to assess international standing of a nation. In present study, we explored and compare the image of Pakistan and India in the representation of tweets of international news agencies. Methodologically, we used content analysis and network analysis techniques to find out the country-issue networks in news tweets. We have designated tweets of four major news agencies;Reuters, Agence France Press, Associated Press and Xinhua related to Pakistan and India for the duration of 7 years (from 2010-2016). We found that India and Pakistan are being covered negatively in news tweets of these news agencies. However, Pakistan’s image seems more negative through lens of international news agencies as compare to India in terms of peace and conflict issues coverage. Both countries should take steps and formulate vibrant policy towards creation and dissemination of their positive image on digital media. ","PeriodicalId":52947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Distance Education and ELearning","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49098352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：