Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-02-186
TO Kuye-Kuku, G. Ajayi, O. Adegbola
Background: Pre-eclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. This study identified the relationship between serum and red cell concentrations of magnesium and calcium in pre-eclampsia. This is to justify the use of magnesium in the prevention of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Objective: To compare the serum and red cell levels of calcium and magnesium among pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. Method: A prospective, comparative study comparing serum and red cell concentrations of magnesium and calcium in sixty pre-eclamptic patients and sixty normotensive pregnant controls. Result: The mean serum calcium concentration among pre-eclamptic patients was 2.33±0.19 mmol/l, compared with 2.47±0.23 mmol/l in the normotensive group (p = 0.244). The mean serum magnesium concentration was significantly higher among normotensive pregnant women than pre-eclamptic women (1.18±0.31 mmol/l vs 0.91±0.23 mmol/l; p = 0.001). The mean red blood cell calcium concentration was also significantly higher among pre-eclamptic pregnant women compared to the normotensive group (4.34±0.62 mmol/l vs 3.95±0.79 mmol/l; p = 0.003), but the mean red cell magnesium concentration was lower in pre-eclamptic than the normotensive control group but without statistical significance (2.04±0.65 mmol/l vs 2.26±0.79 mmol/l; p = 0.098). Conclusion: Pre-eclampsia is associated with low concentrations of serum magnesium and calcium. Therefore, magnesium supplements may be beneficial in preventing pre-eclampsia.
背景:先兆子痫是孕产妇和胎儿发病率和死亡率的重要原因。本研究确定了子痫前期血清和红细胞镁、钙浓度之间的关系。这证明了镁在预防子痫前期和子痫中的应用是合理的。目的:比较子痫前期和血压正常孕妇血清钙、镁和红细胞水平。方法:对60例子痫前期患者和60例血压正常的孕妇的血清和红细胞镁、钙浓度进行前瞻性比较研究。结果:子痫前期患者平均血钙浓度为2.33±0.19 mmol/l，而正常血压组为2.47±0.23 mmol/l (p = 0.244)。血压正常孕妇的平均血清镁浓度明显高于子痫前期妇女(1.18±0.31 mmol/l vs 0.91±0.23 mmol/l;P = 0.001)。子痫前期孕妇的平均红细胞钙浓度也显著高于血压正常组(4.34±0.62 mmol/l vs 3.95±0.79 mmol/l;P = 0.003)，但子痫前期患者红细胞镁平均浓度低于正常对照组，但无统计学意义(2.04±0.65 mmol/l vs 2.26±0.79 mmol/l;P = 0.098)。结论:子痫前期与血清镁、钙浓度低有关。因此，镁补充剂可能有助于预防先兆子痫。
{"title":"Serum and Red Cell Magnesium and Calcium Concentrations in Normotensive and Pre-Eclamptic Pregnant Women in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"TO Kuye-Kuku, G. Ajayi, O. Adegbola","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-02-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-02-186","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pre-eclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. This study identified the relationship between serum and red cell concentrations of magnesium and calcium in pre-eclampsia. This is to justify the use of magnesium in the prevention of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.\u0000Objective: To compare the serum and red cell levels of calcium and magnesium among pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.\u0000Method: A prospective, comparative study comparing serum and red cell concentrations of magnesium and calcium in sixty pre-eclamptic patients and sixty normotensive pregnant controls.\u0000Result: The mean serum calcium concentration among pre-eclamptic patients was 2.33±0.19 mmol/l, compared with 2.47±0.23 mmol/l in the normotensive group (p = 0.244). The mean serum magnesium concentration was significantly higher among normotensive pregnant women than pre-eclamptic women (1.18±0.31 mmol/l vs 0.91±0.23 mmol/l; p = 0.001). The mean red blood cell calcium concentration was also significantly higher among pre-eclamptic pregnant women compared to the normotensive group (4.34±0.62 mmol/l vs 3.95±0.79 mmol/l; p = 0.003), but the mean red cell magnesium concentration was lower in pre-eclamptic than the normotensive control group but without statistical significance (2.04±0.65 mmol/l vs 2.26±0.79 mmol/l; p = 0.098).\u0000Conclusion: Pre-eclampsia is associated with low concentrations of serum magnesium and calcium. Therefore, magnesium supplements may be beneficial in preventing pre-eclampsia.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42357015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-03-187
GC Ajuzie, EO Martin, O. Onwuka
Background: Behavioural therapy is an effective intervention for drug abuse. Assessing the behavioural perception of drug abuse may reveal practices and focus points that require interventional sensitisation programs. Objective: To ascertain the pattern of behavioural perception of psychoactive drug abuse. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out between May and August 2022, among randomly selected residents of a community in Southern Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. Results: Out of a total of 120 participants, 41.7% agreed that drugs are necessary to maintain their status in the society, 46.7% agreed that drugs could be taken to promote social gathering effectively, 46.7% agreed that there is no wrong in taking drugs while 62.5% agreed that drugs could kill. Forty per cent agreed that drugs are necessary for validation agreements, while 22.5% agreed that drugs are meant for frustrated people. Over half (58.3%) disagreed that drug addicts indulge in criminal acts, 75.0% disagreed that drugs should be avoided because it distorts their sense of judgment, and 66.6% of the respondents agreed that young individuals see drug use as a means of escapism. Conclusions: The distribution of the participants with positive or negative behavioural perceptions of drug abuse is approximately equal with a slight increase in the negative perception group. Behavioural therapy for drug abuse is required to reduce the burden in the studied environment. Furthermore, this study forms the basis for creating more health intervention schemes to reduce the drug abuse burden.
{"title":"A Community-Based Study of Behavioural Perception of Psychoactive Drug Abuse in Southern Nigeria","authors":"GC Ajuzie, EO Martin, O. Onwuka","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-03-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-03-187","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Behavioural therapy is an effective intervention for drug abuse. Assessing the behavioural perception of drug abuse may reveal practices and focus points that require interventional sensitisation programs.\u0000Objective: To ascertain the pattern of behavioural perception of psychoactive drug abuse.\u0000Methods: This descriptive study was carried out between May and August 2022, among randomly selected residents of a community in Southern Nigeria using a structured questionnaire.\u0000Results: Out of a total of 120 participants, 41.7% agreed that drugs are necessary to maintain their status in the society, 46.7% agreed that drugs could be taken to promote social gathering effectively, 46.7% agreed that there is no wrong in taking drugs while 62.5% agreed that drugs could kill. Forty per cent agreed that drugs are necessary for validation agreements, while 22.5% agreed that drugs are meant for frustrated people. Over half (58.3%) disagreed that drug addicts indulge in criminal acts, 75.0% disagreed that drugs should be avoided because it distorts their sense of judgment, and 66.6% of the respondents agreed that young individuals see drug use as a means of escapism.\u0000Conclusions: The distribution of the participants with positive or negative behavioural perceptions of drug abuse is approximately equal with a slight increase in the negative perception group. Behavioural therapy for drug abuse is required to reduce the burden in the studied environment. Furthermore, this study forms the basis for creating more health intervention schemes to reduce the drug abuse burden.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70070561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-05-189
A. Ajala, T. Adedeji, JS Busuyi
Background: Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) testing is widely used to diagnose and monitor clinical progress in patients with prostate cancer. The availability of various new Point-of-Care-Testing (POCT) equipment for PSA demands that the performance characteristics of these equipment be assessed before introducing them into clinical use to ensure accuracy and reliability. Objectives: To compare the i-CHROMA® automated immunofluorescence serum total PSA assay with the Accubind® Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) as POCT among patients with suspected prostate cancer. Methods: The study was conducted at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Blood samples drawn from 20 consecutively selected patients were analysed for PSA using the i-CHROMA® immunofluorescence kit once and with the Accubind® ELISA protocol twice. Results: The mean PSA using Accubind® ELISA was 12.9ng/ml, while it was 14.5ng/ml with the i-CHROMA® immunofluorescence assay. The bias between the two methods was 1.6ng/ml. The two methods had a good correlation: Passing Bablok regression equation was y = 1.264604x – 0.0300469, and the Spearman correlation coefficient between the two measurements was high (r = 0.956; Confidence Interval 0.889 - 0.983; p<0.0001). Agreement between the two methods was statistically satisfactory as the mean values of the samples fell within the 95% Confidence Interval of the differences on the Bland Altman plot. Conclusion: The i-CHROMA® POCT assay showed good correlation and agreement with the well-known ELISA method. Therefore, the method is recommended for use in monitoring PSA in patients with prostatic cancer.
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Point-of-Care-Testing (POCT) Techniques","authors":"A. Ajala, T. Adedeji, JS Busuyi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-05-189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-05-189","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) testing is widely used to diagnose and monitor clinical progress in patients with prostate cancer. The availability of various new Point-of-Care-Testing (POCT) equipment for PSA demands that the performance characteristics of these equipment be assessed before introducing them into clinical use to ensure accuracy and reliability.\u0000Objectives: To compare the i-CHROMA® automated immunofluorescence serum total PSA assay with the Accubind® Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) as POCT among patients with suspected prostate cancer.\u0000Methods: The study was conducted at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Blood samples drawn from 20 consecutively selected patients were analysed for PSA using the i-CHROMA® immunofluorescence kit once and with the Accubind® ELISA protocol twice.\u0000Results: The mean PSA using Accubind® ELISA was 12.9ng/ml, while it was 14.5ng/ml with the i-CHROMA® immunofluorescence assay. The bias between the two methods was 1.6ng/ml. The two methods had a good correlation: Passing Bablok regression equation was y = 1.264604x – 0.0300469, and the Spearman correlation coefficient between the two measurements was high (r = 0.956; Confidence Interval 0.889 - 0.983; p<0.0001). Agreement between the two methods was statistically satisfactory as the mean values of the samples fell within the 95% Confidence Interval of the differences on the Bland Altman plot.\u0000Conclusion: The i-CHROMA® POCT assay showed good correlation and agreement with the well-known ELISA method. Therefore, the method is recommended for use in monitoring PSA in patients with prostatic cancer.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41402054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-04-188
GO Olaniran, B. Akodu, A. Olaniran, J. Bamidele, A. Ogunyemi, OO Idowu
Background: Hypertension and medication adherence are global public health challenges, with elderly patients suffering the most because they frequently have multiple co-morbidities. Objective: To evaluate the level of medication adherence and perceived family support among Nigerian elderly patients with hypertension. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study among 293 consecutively consenting elderly hypertensive patients using an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The Modified Morisky Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and Perceived Social Support-Family Scale (PSS-Fa) tools were used to assess medication adherence and perceived family support, respectively. Results: The mean age of respondents was 69.5±6.4 years. Medication adherence was good, moderate and poor among 14.3%, 68.6%, and 17.1% of the respondents respectively. Difficulty remembering to take medications was the primary reason for non-adherence in 73.7% of cases. Good adherence to medication was significantly associated with male gender (p = 0.046), living with grandchildren (p˂0.001), having other sources of income (p = 0.026) and receiving treatment for comorbid illnesses (p = 0.025). A higher proportion of the respondents (94.9%) had strong perceived family support, which lacked statistical significance regarding good medication adherence. (p = 0.739). Conclusion: This study found medication adherence low, despite most participants' strong family support. Forgetfulness and financial constraints were the primary reasons for poor medication adherence. Although family support is highly recommended and beneficial for medication adherence, other comorbid and social factors should be considered.
{"title":"Medication Adherence and Perceived Family Support Among Elderly Patients with Hypertension Attending a Specialty Clinic in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"GO Olaniran, B. Akodu, A. Olaniran, J. Bamidele, A. Ogunyemi, OO Idowu","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-04-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-04-188","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension and medication adherence are global public health challenges, with elderly patients suffering the most because they frequently have multiple co-morbidities.\u0000Objective: To evaluate the level of medication adherence and perceived family support among Nigerian elderly patients with hypertension.\u0000Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study among 293 consecutively consenting elderly hypertensive patients using an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. The Modified Morisky Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) and Perceived Social Support-Family Scale (PSS-Fa) tools were used to assess medication adherence and perceived family support, respectively.\u0000Results: The mean age of respondents was 69.5±6.4 years. Medication adherence was good, moderate and poor among 14.3%, 68.6%, and 17.1% of the respondents respectively. Difficulty remembering to take medications was the primary reason for non-adherence in 73.7% of cases. Good adherence to medication was significantly associated with male gender (p = 0.046), living with grandchildren (p˂0.001), having other sources of income (p = 0.026) and receiving treatment for comorbid illnesses (p = 0.025). A higher proportion of the respondents (94.9%) had strong perceived family support, which lacked statistical significance regarding good medication adherence. (p = 0.739).\u0000 Conclusion: This study found medication adherence low, despite most participants' strong family support. Forgetfulness and financial constraints were the primary reasons for poor medication adherence. Although family support is highly recommended and beneficial for medication adherence, other comorbid and social factors should be considered.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41946353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-06-190
F. Odiase, P. Lofor
Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is frequent in stroke, with poorer outcomes when microbial isolates are multi-drug resistant. There is a shortage of published data on BSI amongst stroke patients in Nigeria. Objective: To describe the microbial isolates and the antimicrobial resistance pattern among microbial isolates in BSI in stroke patients. Methods: This retrospective study of all hospitalized stroke patients with BSI at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria covered July 2018 to June 2022. The demographics, stroke type, microbial isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns were studied. Results: Blood culture studies were conducted among 834 stroke patients with infections; 410 (49.2%) had positive growth for microbial organisms. Amongst those with positive blood cultures, 53% (217/410) were females, while 56% had a haemorrhagic stroke. The mean age was 76.9±13.9 years, with about 80% of them aged ≥ 65. Infections of the respiratory tract (45%) and the urinary tract (33%) were the possible primary sources of BSI. The leading isolates included Enterococcus faecalis (18.5%), Klebsiella oxotyca (12.9%), Proteus mirabilis (12.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.5%), and Escherichia coli (11.2%). Approximately 88% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant, with 100% resistance to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, and co-trimoxazole, 83.3% to erythromycin and 75% resistance to ampicillin. The elderly patients were significantly more likely to acquire multi-drug resistant micro-organisms (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Stroke patients, especially the older ones, are susceptible to bloodstream infection from multi-drug-resistant micro-organisms, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality among stroke patients.
{"title":"Blood Stream Infection in Stroke Patients: Spectrum of Microbial Isolates and Antimicrobial Resistance","authors":"F. Odiase, P. Lofor","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-06-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-06-190","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is frequent in stroke, with poorer outcomes when microbial isolates are multi-drug resistant. There is a shortage of published data on BSI amongst stroke patients in Nigeria.\u0000Objective: To describe the microbial isolates and the antimicrobial resistance pattern among microbial isolates in BSI in stroke patients. \u0000Methods: This retrospective study of all hospitalized stroke patients with BSI at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria covered July 2018 to June 2022. The demographics, stroke type, microbial isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns were studied.\u0000Results: Blood culture studies were conducted among 834 stroke patients with infections; 410 (49.2%) had positive growth for microbial organisms. Amongst those with positive blood cultures, 53% (217/410) were females, while 56% had a haemorrhagic stroke. The mean age was 76.9±13.9 years, with about 80% of them aged ≥ 65. Infections of the respiratory tract (45%) and the urinary tract (33%) were the possible primary sources of BSI. The leading isolates included Enterococcus faecalis (18.5%), Klebsiella oxotyca (12.9%), Proteus mirabilis (12.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.5%), and Escherichia coli (11.2%). Approximately 88% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant, with 100% resistance to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, and co-trimoxazole, 83.3% to erythromycin and 75% resistance to ampicillin. The elderly patients were significantly more likely to acquire multi-drug resistant micro-organisms (p = 0.007).\u0000Conclusion: Stroke patients, especially the older ones, are susceptible to bloodstream infection from multi-drug-resistant micro-organisms, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality among stroke patients.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48009325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-09-193
J. Owoeye, K. Monsudi, I. Yusuf, O. Bamidele
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a hereditary condition that occurs worldwide. It is due to abnormality in the development of skin and its appendages (hair, teeth and nail). ED also presents with ocular manifestations. This case of ED is reported to highlight ocular manifestations such as bilateral punctal agenesis, madarosis and blepharitis. The need for a multi-disciplinary approach in managing such cases is underscored.
{"title":"Ectodermal Dysplasia with Bilateral Punctal Agenesis in a Nigerian Child: A Case Report","authors":"J. Owoeye, K. Monsudi, I. Yusuf, O. Bamidele","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-09-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-09-193","url":null,"abstract":"Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a hereditary condition that occurs worldwide. It is due to abnormality in the development of skin and its appendages (hair, teeth and nail). ED also presents with ocular manifestations. This case of ED is reported to highlight ocular manifestations such as bilateral punctal agenesis, madarosis and blepharitis. The need for a multi-disciplinary approach in managing such cases is underscored.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47778741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-07-191
I. Awowole, O. Badejoko, OA Adeniyi, B. Badejoko, O. Sowemimo, HC Anyabolu, T. Adedeji
Background: There is inconclusive evidence on the relevance of the nuchal cord in obstetric practice. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the umbilical artery lactate concentration and perinatal outcomes of babies born with a nuchal cord. Methods: In a cross-sectional study at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, babies born with a nuchal cord at term and matched controls without a nuchal cord were recruited between January 2017 and December 2018. Gestational age at delivery, meconium-stained liquor, foetal heart rate abnormalities, Caesarean section rates, cord lengths and umbilical artery lactate concentrations were compared. The umbilical artery lactate concentration was assayed with the Lactate-Plus®; neonatal acidosis was defined as cord lactate concentration > 4.9mmol/L. Results: One hundred and forty-four babies with nuchal cords and 144 controls were recruited. The prevalence of nuchal cord was 3.4%, with 80% of the babies having a single loop. Babies with nuchal cords had longer mean cord length (57.7cm vs 45.4cm; p<0.01), higher mean umbilical artery lactate (4.93mmol/L vs 3.48mmol/L; p = 0.04), meconium-stained liquor (16% vs 3.2%; Relative risk = 4.6), more babies with Apgar score <7 at fifth minute (9 versus 4 babies) and increased perinatal mortality (55.5/1000 births vs 13.8/1,000 births; Relative risk = 4). There was a positive correlation between cord length and the number of nuchal loops (r = 0.5, p<0.01). Conclusions: Nuchal cord is associated with abnormal cord lactate concentration and adverse perinatal outcomes. Prenatal reporting may enhance intrapartum surveillance and improve perinatal outcomes.
背景：关于颈髓在产科实践中的相关性，目前尚无定论。目的：本研究旨在评估脐带出生婴儿的脐动脉乳酸浓度和围产期结果。方法：在Obafemi Awolowo大学教学医院的一项横断面研究中，2017年1月至2018年12月期间，招募了足月出生时有颈髓的婴儿和匹配的无颈髓对照。比较分娩时的孕龄、胎粪染色液、胎儿心率异常、剖腹产率、脐带长度和脐动脉乳酸浓度。使用lactate Plus®测定脐动脉乳酸浓度；新生儿酸中毒定义为脐带乳酸浓度>4.9mmol/L。颈髓的患病率为3.4%，其中80%的婴儿只有一个环。有颈索的婴儿平均脐带长度较长（57.7cm vs 45.4cm；p<0.01），平均脐动脉乳酸较高（4.93mmol/L vs 3.48mmol/L；p=0.04），胎粪染色液（16%vs 3.2%；相对风险=4.6），更多Apgar评分在第五分钟<7的婴儿（9个婴儿vs 4个婴儿），围产期死亡率增加（55.5/1000个婴儿vs 13.8/1000个婴儿；相对风险=4）。脐带长度与颈环数量呈正相关（r=0.5，p<0.01）。产前报告可以加强产时监测并改善围产期结果。
{"title":"Cord Length, Umbilical Artery Lactate Concentration and Perinatal Outcomes of Babies with Nuchal Cord at Ile-Ife, Nigeria","authors":"I. Awowole, O. Badejoko, OA Adeniyi, B. Badejoko, O. Sowemimo, HC Anyabolu, T. Adedeji","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-07-191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-07-191","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is inconclusive evidence on the relevance of the nuchal cord in obstetric practice.\u0000Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the umbilical artery lactate concentration and perinatal outcomes of babies born with a nuchal cord.\u0000Methods: In a cross-sectional study at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, babies born with a nuchal cord at term and matched controls without a nuchal cord were recruited between January 2017 and December 2018. Gestational age at delivery, meconium-stained liquor, foetal heart rate abnormalities, Caesarean section rates, cord lengths and umbilical artery lactate concentrations were compared. The umbilical artery lactate concentration was assayed with the Lactate-Plus®; neonatal acidosis was defined as cord lactate concentration > 4.9mmol/L.\u0000Results: One hundred and forty-four babies with nuchal cords and 144 controls were recruited. The prevalence of nuchal cord was 3.4%, with 80% of the babies having a single loop. Babies with nuchal cords had longer mean cord length (57.7cm vs 45.4cm; p<0.01), higher mean umbilical artery lactate (4.93mmol/L vs 3.48mmol/L; p = 0.04), meconium-stained liquor (16% vs 3.2%; Relative risk = 4.6), more babies with Apgar score <7 at fifth minute (9 versus 4 babies) and increased perinatal mortality (55.5/1000 births vs 13.8/1,000 births; Relative risk = 4). There was a positive correlation between cord length and the number of nuchal loops (r = 0.5, p<0.01).\u0000Conclusions: Nuchal cord is associated with abnormal cord lactate concentration and adverse perinatal outcomes. Prenatal reporting may enhance intrapartum surveillance and improve perinatal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43300091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-26DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0901-08-192
Nn Ekerette, R. Sanusi
Background: Adequate physical activity enhances sound health, while inactivity often leads to adverse health conditions that undermine the overall quality of life. Objective: To assess the pattern of physical activity (PA), including domains, sub-types and levels among adults in two states in Southern Nigeria. Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, the International PA Questionnaire was used to obtain information from 1320 adults aged 20 to 64. Activity scores, reported in metabolic equivalents (METs), in minutes/week (METs-minutes/week), were computed for work-related, domestic/garden-related, transport-related, leisure time-related PA (LTPA) domains, and activity sub-types – walking, vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity PA. Results: The median values for total, work-related, domestic/garden-related, transport-related and LTPA were 4306.0 METs-minutes/week, 1510.0 METs-minutes/week, 915.0 METs-minutes/week, 396.0 METs-minutes/week and 0.0 METs-minutes/week, respectively. Walking, vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity activity scores were 726.0 METs-minutes/week, 240.0 METs-minutes/week and 1800.0 METs-minutes/week, respectively. About 9.6%, 29.7% and 60.7% of adults had low, moderate and high PA levels, respectively. Following bivariate analyses, physical activity levels differed significantly between urban and rural settings (p = 0.043) and educational levels (p = 0.001). In logistic regression, males with secondary education had a higher likelihood of attaining higher PA levels (AOR = 4.12; CI: 1.36, 12.43; p = 0.012), while females with tertiary education were less likely to attain higher PA levels (AOR = 0.12; CI: 0.01, 0.94; p = 0.044) when compared with uneducated adults. Conclusion: Transport-related and leisure time-related PAs were low in this study. Physical activity in all domains should be promoted to ensure maximum health benefits.
{"title":"Patterns of Physical Activity Among Adults in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Nn Ekerette, R. Sanusi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0901-08-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0901-08-192","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adequate physical activity enhances sound health, while inactivity often leads to adverse health conditions that undermine the overall quality of life.\u0000Objective: To assess the pattern of physical activity (PA), including domains, sub-types and levels among adults in two states in Southern Nigeria.\u0000Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, the International PA Questionnaire was used to obtain information from 1320 adults aged 20 to 64. Activity scores, reported in metabolic equivalents (METs), in minutes/week (METs-minutes/week), were computed for work-related, domestic/garden-related, transport-related, leisure time-related PA (LTPA) domains, and activity sub-types – walking, vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity PA.\u0000Results: The median values for total, work-related, domestic/garden-related, transport-related and LTPA were 4306.0 METs-minutes/week, 1510.0 METs-minutes/week, 915.0 METs-minutes/week, 396.0 METs-minutes/week and 0.0 METs-minutes/week, respectively. Walking, vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity activity scores were 726.0 METs-minutes/week, 240.0 METs-minutes/week and 1800.0 METs-minutes/week, respectively. About 9.6%, 29.7% and 60.7% of adults had low, moderate and high PA levels, respectively. Following bivariate analyses, physical activity levels differed significantly between urban and rural settings (p = 0.043) and educational levels (p = 0.001). In logistic regression, males with secondary education had a higher likelihood of attaining higher PA levels (AOR = 4.12; CI: 1.36, 12.43; p = 0.012), while females with tertiary education were less likely to attain higher PA levels (AOR = 0.12; CI: 0.01, 0.94; p = 0.044) when compared with uneducated adults.\u0000Conclusion: Transport-related and leisure time-related PAs were low in this study. Physical activity in all domains should be promoted to ensure maximum health benefits.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43494309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-05-180
Ao Atimati, R. Ewah-Odiase, Oo Irowa
Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a very useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Gastrointestinal endoscopy in paediatric practice is still evolving in Nigeria. Objective: To determine the common indications for paediatric endoscopy in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Method: This was a retrospective study of all gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures performed for children aged 0 -18 years between January 2021 and March 2022. The hospital records of the children were retrieved, and data were extracted for analysis. Results: Thirty-seven endoscopic procedures were performed on 32 children with two subjects having repeated procedures while one had both upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopic studies. The mean age of the children was 11 ± 5.4 years with those aged between 10 and 14 years constituting the majority (40.6%). Most indications were diagnostic and the commonest indication for endoscopy was upper abdominal pain (40.6%) which was followed by upper gastrointestinal bleeding (37.6%). The endoscopic findings were mainly gastritis (56.8%), hiatus hernia (32.4%) and duodenitis (18.9%). The commonest therapeutic indication for gastrointestinal endoscopy was variceal banding. Conclusion: Paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric gastrointestinal disorders. Upper abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the leading indications for paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria.
{"title":"Paediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Ao Atimati, R. Ewah-Odiase, Oo Irowa","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-05-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-05-180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a very useful tool in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Gastrointestinal endoscopy in paediatric practice is still evolving in Nigeria.\u0000Objective: To determine the common indications for paediatric endoscopy in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.\u0000Method: This was a retrospective study of all gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures performed for children aged 0 -18 years between January 2021 and March 2022. The hospital records of the children were retrieved, and data were extracted for analysis.\u0000Results: Thirty-seven endoscopic procedures were performed on 32 children with two subjects having repeated procedures while one had both upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopic studies. The mean age of the children was 11 ± 5.4 years with those aged between 10 and 14 years constituting the majority (40.6%). Most indications were diagnostic and the commonest indication for endoscopy was upper abdominal pain (40.6%) which was followed by upper gastrointestinal bleeding (37.6%). The endoscopic findings were mainly gastritis (56.8%), hiatus hernia (32.4%) and duodenitis (18.9%). The commonest therapeutic indication for gastrointestinal endoscopy was variceal banding.\u0000Conclusion: Paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of paediatric gastrointestinal disorders. Upper abdominal pain and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the leading indications for paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46614788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-04-179
O. Bakare, OE Oluwole, D. Ogunkoya, C. Aja, J. Thomas
Background: Infertility affects one-fifth to one-sixth of couples of reproductive age. Gamete donation is one option for managing infertility, but it is relatively unknown in the developing world. Objectives: To assess Nigerian undergraduate students' knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in gamete donation for artificial insemination. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 undergraduate students using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 21.5±3.2 years, with a range of 18-32 years. The majority (89.4%) of the respondents were single and were in the first year of study (56.3%). Almost all the respondents (96.3%) had heard about the practice of gamete donation, but only (38.7%) had overall good knowledge about it. Almost half (46.9%) of respondents had an overall positive attitude towards gamete donation, while only 37.5% were willing to participate. The class level of the respondents (p = 0.03) was significantly associated with poor knowledge of gamete donation, while age (p = 0.01) and gender (p < 0.001) were associated with a negative attitude. Age (p<0.001) was also significantly associated with poor willingness to participate. Conclusion: The respondents' awareness of gamete donation was high, but their knowledge was poor, leading to a negative attitude and poor willingness to participate. Public enlightenment on gamete donation for artificial insemination should be intensified.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Willingness to Participate in Gamete Donation for Artificial Insemination among Undergraduate Students in Lagos","authors":"O. Bakare, OE Oluwole, D. Ogunkoya, C. Aja, J. Thomas","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-04-179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-04-179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Infertility affects one-fifth to one-sixth of couples of reproductive age. Gamete donation is one option for managing infertility, but it is relatively unknown in the developing world.\u0000Objectives: To assess Nigerian undergraduate students' knowledge, attitude and willingness to participate in gamete donation for artificial insemination.\u0000Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 undergraduate students using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. The respondents were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique.\u0000Results: The mean age of the respondents was 21.5±3.2 years, with a range of 18-32 years. The majority (89.4%) of the respondents were single and were in the first year of study (56.3%). Almost all the respondents (96.3%) had heard about the practice of gamete donation, but only (38.7%) had overall good knowledge about it. Almost half (46.9%) of respondents had an overall positive attitude towards gamete donation, while only 37.5% were willing to participate. The class level of the respondents (p = 0.03) was significantly associated with poor knowledge of gamete donation, while age (p = 0.01) and gender (p < 0.001) were associated with a negative attitude. Age (p<0.001) was also significantly associated with poor willingness to participate.\u0000Conclusion: The respondents' awareness of gamete donation was high, but their knowledge was poor, leading to a negative attitude and poor willingness to participate. Public enlightenment on gamete donation for artificial insemination should be intensified.\u0000","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44458951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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