Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-01-176
Centre for Global Health UK
{"title":"COP27 Climate Change Conference: Urgent Action needed for Africa and the World","authors":"Centre for Global Health UK","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-01-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-01-176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48111894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-06-181
E. Kiridi, P. Oriji, C. Okechukwu, D. Briggs, J. Ugwoegbu, AE Ubom, A. Addah, I. Abasi, P. Bosrotsi, A. Adesina
Background: Abdominal massage (AM) in pregnancy is a common practice in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. AM may cause events such as subchorionic haematoma (SAH) and increase the risk of miscarriages and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Objective: To determine the relationship between AM and SCH in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022 at the Obstetrics and Radiology Units of four health facilities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Consenting eligible pregnant women presenting to the antenatal clinic during the first trimester were consecutively included. An obstetric ultrasound scan was performed transabdominal. Results: Of the 403 women recruited, 241 (59.8%) were aged (20 – 29 years). The mean age was 28.02 ± 5.99 years. The mean body mass index was 23.82±4.60 kg/m2. While 170 (42.2%) had undergone AM in the first trimester of the index pregnancy, 126 (31.3%) had vaginal bleeding, and SCH occurred in 109 (27.0%) women. Women who had AM had 210 (CI: 58 – 878) times the odds of having SCH and 3.3 (CI: 2.14 – 5.15) times the odds of vaginal bleeding than women who did not have AM. Only 2 (1.8%) women with SCH did not have AM. Conclusion: There exists a strong association between the occurrence of SCH among pregnant women who have had AM. More health education is needed for women in the Niger Delta region and Nigeria to eradicate the archaic practice and improve pregnancy outcomes.
{"title":"Relationship Between Subchorionic Haematoma and Abdominal Massage in Pregnancy in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria: A Pilot Study","authors":"E. Kiridi, P. Oriji, C. Okechukwu, D. Briggs, J. Ugwoegbu, AE Ubom, A. Addah, I. Abasi, P. Bosrotsi, A. Adesina","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-06-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-06-181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abdominal massage (AM) in pregnancy is a common practice in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. AM may cause events such as subchorionic haematoma (SAH) and increase the risk of miscarriages and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.\u0000Objective: To determine the relationship between AM and SCH in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022 at the Obstetrics and Radiology Units of four health facilities in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Consenting eligible pregnant women presenting to the antenatal clinic during the first trimester were consecutively included. An obstetric ultrasound scan was performed transabdominal.\u0000Results: Of the 403 women recruited, 241 (59.8%) were aged (20 – 29 years). The mean age was 28.02 ± 5.99 years. The mean body mass index was 23.82±4.60 kg/m2. While 170 (42.2%) had undergone AM in the first trimester of the index pregnancy, 126 (31.3%) had vaginal bleeding, and SCH occurred in 109 (27.0%) women. Women who had AM had 210 (CI: 58 – 878) times the odds of having SCH and 3.3 (CI: 2.14 – 5.15) times the odds of vaginal bleeding than women who did not have AM. Only 2 (1.8%) women with SCH did not have AM.\u0000Conclusion: There exists a strong association between the occurrence of SCH among pregnant women who have had AM. More health education is needed for women in the Niger Delta region and Nigeria to eradicate the archaic practice and improve pregnancy outcomes.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48116284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-03-178
ON Olaleke, OJ Okesanya, SM Abioye, MO Othoigbe, EE Matthew, M. Emery, AA Isaiah, TM Odugbile, BG Adebayo, DE Lucero-Prisno III
Monkeypox is now a disease of global public health concern, making it cut across boundaries into different countries, continents and spread worldwide. However, it originated in the Democratic Republic of Congo as a human pathogen in 1970, with the first case reported in Nigeria in 1971. The World Health Organization recently declared Nigeria the country with the highest burden of monkeypox-confirmed cases and deaths in Africa for the current outbreak. This study aimed to identify forms, challenges, strengths, and ways to further strengthen the surveillance system of monkeypox in Nigeria. We conducted a rapid narrative review of articles published in English on monkeypox between January 2018 and October 2022. Google Scholar and PubMed were searched with the following terms: "Monkeypox", "Surveillance system", "Strengthening", "Challenges" "Nigeria" and relevant publications were reviewed. The forms of surveillance systems in Nigeria include Indicator-based and Event-based surveillance, contact tracing, laboratory-based surveillance, sero-surveillance, and mortality surveillance. Shortage of highly skilled staff in public health interventions, insufficient testing capacities, power instability, poor healthcare systems and stigmatization from communities with misinformation, and co-epidemic surveillance burden in Nigeria are some of the challenges contributing to weak surveillance in the country. The Nigerian governments must focus on investing in surveillance systems and bolster preparedness to stem the rapid spread of infectious diseases. Strengthening the surveillance system in the country as a response intervention for monkeypox is no longer a matter of option in Nigeria but of necessity to prevent the forecasted effect the incidence portends.
{"title":"The Forms, Challenges and Strength of the Monkeypox Surveillance System in Nigeria","authors":"ON Olaleke, OJ Okesanya, SM Abioye, MO Othoigbe, EE Matthew, M. Emery, AA Isaiah, TM Odugbile, BG Adebayo, DE Lucero-Prisno III","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-03-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-03-178","url":null,"abstract":"Monkeypox is now a disease of global public health concern, making it cut across boundaries into different countries, continents and spread worldwide. However, it originated in the Democratic Republic of Congo as a human pathogen in 1970, with the first case reported in Nigeria in 1971. The World Health Organization recently declared Nigeria the country with the highest burden of monkeypox-confirmed cases and deaths in Africa for the current outbreak. This study aimed to identify forms, challenges, strengths, and ways to further strengthen the surveillance system of monkeypox in Nigeria. We conducted a rapid narrative review of articles published in English on monkeypox between January 2018 and October 2022. Google Scholar and PubMed were searched with the following terms: \"Monkeypox\", \"Surveillance system\", \"Strengthening\", \"Challenges\" \"Nigeria\" and relevant publications were reviewed. The forms of surveillance systems in Nigeria include Indicator-based and Event-based surveillance, contact tracing, laboratory-based surveillance, sero-surveillance, and mortality surveillance. Shortage of highly skilled staff in public health interventions, insufficient testing capacities, power instability, poor healthcare systems and stigmatization from communities with misinformation, and co-epidemic surveillance burden in Nigeria are some of the challenges contributing to weak surveillance in the country. The Nigerian governments must focus on investing in surveillance systems and bolster preparedness to stem the rapid spread of infectious diseases. Strengthening the surveillance system in the country as a response intervention for monkeypox is no longer a matter of option in Nigeria but of necessity to prevent the forecasted effect the incidence portends.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47192203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-02-177
I. Ezeani, GC Okwuonu, I. Chukwuonye, M. Nkpozi
Background: Telemedicine practice is a rapidly evolving aspect of medicine in developed countries, though resource-limited countries like Nigeria are yet to embrace it fully. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has limited patients’ visits to hospitals in addition to the social distancing measures deployed by the government. In addition, with the challenges of a limited number of doctors, among other difficulties, it has become important that a radical approach to patient care and treatment should be explored. Methods: A comprehensive literature review of original articles was done using an internet search. Words such as Telemedicine, COVID-19, Pandemic, Requirements, History, Benefits, and Challenges were searched on Google scholar, EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, Web MD, and Scopus to check for various articles published or any probable link. The references of the relevant articles were searched. Results: The practice of telemedicine has evolved over the years. Also, the global telemedicine market has grown exponentially and is expected to grow even further in the next five years. Unfortunately, this exciting narrative is not obtainable in developing countries like Nigeria. Indeed, some healthcare providers in Nigeria need to prepare for this new technological advancement, and consequently, they struggle to evolve their practice to adopt this new technology. Furthermore, there is disinterest from most of the end users, particularly the patients. Conclusion: Modifications must involve telemedicine services with a view of getting ready and well-organized in the event of any future pandemic such as COVID-19, in addition to harnessing the benefits of this service in the future.
{"title":"The Impact of Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: A Review","authors":"I. Ezeani, GC Okwuonu, I. Chukwuonye, M. Nkpozi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-02-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-02-177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Telemedicine practice is a rapidly evolving aspect of medicine in developed countries, though resource-limited countries like Nigeria are yet to embrace it fully. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has limited patients’ visits to hospitals in addition to the social distancing measures deployed by the government. In addition, with the challenges of a limited number of doctors, among other difficulties, it has become important that a radical approach to patient care and treatment should be explored.\u0000Methods: A comprehensive literature review of original articles was done using an internet search. Words such as Telemedicine, COVID-19, Pandemic, Requirements, History, Benefits, and Challenges were searched on Google scholar, EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, Web MD, and Scopus to check for various articles published or any probable link. The references of the relevant articles were searched.\u0000Results: The practice of telemedicine has evolved over the years. Also, the global telemedicine market has grown exponentially and is expected to grow even further in the next five years. Unfortunately, this exciting narrative is not obtainable in developing countries like Nigeria. Indeed, some healthcare providers in Nigeria need to prepare for this new technological advancement, and consequently, they struggle to evolve their practice to adopt this new technology. Furthermore, there is disinterest from most of the end users, particularly the patients.\u0000Conclusion: Modifications must involve telemedicine services with a view of getting ready and well-organized in the event of any future pandemic such as COVID-19, in addition to harnessing the benefits of this service in the future.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45478747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-08-183
Jpm Lemmen, N. Midiwo, F. Njuguna, G. Kaspers, S. Mostert
Childhood cancer survival is increasing in low- and middle-income countries like Kenya, which comes with a new healthcare challenge: late effects and quality-of-life of survivors. A case was studied to depict a Kenyan Hodgkin lymphoma survivor, illustrating some of the childhood cancer survivors' difficulties in Kenya. Late effects of therapy, stigmatization and social reintegration were explored. The investigators reviewed medical records and used semi-structured interviews and stigma assessments using the Social Impact Scale. The survivor developed severe pulmonary hypertension during treatment with ABVD and salvage protocols. Three years after treatment, the patient experienced chemotherapy-induced late effects (chronic heart disease) that hindered personal care, social activities and job opportunities and required follow-up. Stigmatization by the community burdened his family life and marital prospects. This case report is one of the first that testifies of combined medical and psychosocial challenges that childhood cancer survivors may face in sub-Saharan Africa and underlines the need for a holistic approach.
{"title":"Late Effects of Therapy, Stigmatization and Social Reintegration following Childhood Cancer Survival in Kenya: A Case Report","authors":"Jpm Lemmen, N. Midiwo, F. Njuguna, G. Kaspers, S. Mostert","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-08-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-08-183","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood cancer survival is increasing in low- and middle-income countries like Kenya, which comes with a new healthcare challenge: late effects and quality-of-life of survivors. A case was studied to depict a Kenyan Hodgkin lymphoma survivor, illustrating some of the childhood cancer survivors' difficulties in Kenya. Late effects of therapy, stigmatization and social reintegration were explored. The investigators reviewed medical records and used semi-structured interviews and stigma assessments using the Social Impact Scale. The survivor developed severe pulmonary hypertension during treatment with ABVD and salvage protocols. Three years after treatment, the patient experienced chemotherapy-induced late effects (chronic heart disease) that hindered personal care, social activities and job opportunities and required follow-up. Stigmatization by the community burdened his family life and marital prospects. This case report is one of the first that testifies of combined medical and psychosocial challenges that childhood cancer survivors may face in sub-Saharan Africa and underlines the need for a holistic approach.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-07-182
S. Saka, DO Odueke, O. Odusan, O. Oyinloye, O. Okunye
Background: Deprescribing has been suggested as a beneficial intervention to reduce polypharmacy among older patients. However, little is known about the willingness to accept this intervention among patients in resource-limited settings. Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of older patients to deprescribing polypharmacy. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was carried out among consecutively selected ambulatory patients aged ≥65 years who were on ≥5 chronic medications in two secondary healthcare facilities in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria. The 22-item revised Patients Attitude Towards Deprescribing questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants' attitudes toward deprescribing, while another ten-question tool explored participants' sociodemographic and clinical data. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with willingness to deprescribe among the participants using the global question, "If my doctor said it was possible, I would be willing to stop one or more of my regular medicines”. Results: Out of the 341 participants, the majority were females (60.7%), and 90.0% were on 5-7 medications. About three-quarters (71.8%) strongly agreed or agreed that they would be willing “to stop one or more of their medicines if the doctor said it was possible”. Female gender and caregivers’ involvement in medication management were significantly associated with participants' willingness to accept deprescribing (p = 0.07 and p = 0.01). Conclusions: Most participants were willing to accept the deprescribing of their medications. Female gender and caregivers’ involvement in medication management were predictive factors for the participants' willingness to accept deprescribing.
{"title":"The Attitude of Older Patients to Deprescribing Polypharmacy in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Saka, DO Odueke, O. Odusan, O. Oyinloye, O. Okunye","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-07-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-07-182","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deprescribing has been suggested as a beneficial intervention to reduce polypharmacy among older patients. However, little is known about the willingness to accept this intervention among patients in resource-limited settings.\u0000Objective: To evaluate the attitudes of older patients to deprescribing polypharmacy.\u0000Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was carried out among consecutively selected ambulatory patients aged ≥65 years who were on ≥5 chronic medications in two secondary healthcare facilities in Ogun State, southwest Nigeria. The 22-item revised Patients Attitude Towards Deprescribing questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants' attitudes toward deprescribing, while another ten-question tool explored participants' sociodemographic and clinical data. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with willingness to deprescribe among the participants using the global question, \"If my doctor said it was possible, I would be willing to stop one or more of my regular medicines”.\u0000Results: Out of the 341 participants, the majority were females (60.7%), and 90.0% were on 5-7 medications. About three-quarters (71.8%) strongly agreed or agreed that they would be willing “to stop one or more of their medicines if the doctor said it was possible”. Female gender and caregivers’ involvement in medication management were significantly associated with participants' willingness to accept deprescribing (p = 0.07 and p = 0.01).\u0000Conclusions: Most participants were willing to accept the deprescribing of their medications. Female gender and caregivers’ involvement in medication management were predictive factors for the participants' willingness to accept deprescribing.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0804-09-184
Y. Lawal, YS Kaoje, IK Bansi
This is the case report of a 39-year-old lady who presented with clinical and laboratory features of secondary hypothyroidism two years after achieving clinical and biochemical resolution of Graves' disease and cessation of anti-thyroid medications. The thyroid function tests at presentation revealed: Serum T3 1.33ng/ml (normal range 0.8-1.7ng/ml), Serum T4 2.92 (normal range 4.5-12.0µg/dl), and TSH 0.2mIU/l (normal range 0.5-5.0mIU/l). Thyroid-related autoantibodies could not be assayed in the patient due to financial constraints. However, pointers to the possible autoimmune nature of secondary hypothyroidism include the recurrence of exophthalmos, dating of symptoms back to puerperium, relative lymphocytosis, and moderately elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The patient was subsequently placed on levothyroxine and low-dose steroids, and the patient achieved clinical and biochemical euthyroidism in the sixth, ninth, and twelfth months of follow-up. This report is to demonstrate the development of secondary hypothyroidism following Graves' disease, and it also serves to highlight the judicious use of clinical acumen in the face of limited laboratory support to diagnose and treat endocrine disorders in resource-poor settings.
{"title":"Secondary hypothyroidism following the Resolution of Graves’ Disease: A Case Report","authors":"Y. Lawal, YS Kaoje, IK Bansi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0804-09-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0804-09-184","url":null,"abstract":"This is the case report of a 39-year-old lady who presented with clinical and laboratory features of secondary hypothyroidism two years after achieving clinical and biochemical resolution of Graves' disease and cessation of anti-thyroid medications. The thyroid function tests at presentation revealed: Serum T3 1.33ng/ml (normal range 0.8-1.7ng/ml), Serum T4 2.92 (normal range 4.5-12.0µg/dl), and TSH 0.2mIU/l (normal range 0.5-5.0mIU/l). Thyroid-related autoantibodies could not be assayed in the patient due to financial constraints. However, pointers to the possible autoimmune nature of secondary hypothyroidism include the recurrence of exophthalmos, dating of symptoms back to puerperium, relative lymphocytosis, and moderately elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The patient was subsequently placed on levothyroxine and low-dose steroids, and the patient achieved clinical and biochemical euthyroidism in the sixth, ninth, and twelfth months of follow-up. This report is to demonstrate the development of secondary hypothyroidism following Graves' disease, and it also serves to highlight the judicious use of clinical acumen in the face of limited laboratory support to diagnose and treat endocrine disorders in resource-poor settings.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49104598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-01-168
OA Fasesan
Cannabis sativa is a complex domesticated plant that has an unstable taxonomy. It is the most utilised illicit substance that has gained prominence in some parts of the world as it is used for therapeutic and recreational purposes. C. Sativa has also been used to manage numerous medical conditions since antiquity. The pharmacological benefits of C. sativa are still subject to intense research due to inconsistent outcomes. C. sativa, like other psychoactive substances, has both medical and psychological side effects. Despite the lack of knowledge, medical practitioners continue to recommend this substance. This review aims to highlight the effects of legalisation and liberalisation on the global trend of cannabis use. A search was conducted on Google Scholar and Medline from 2012 to date. The results showed that cannabis was found to be effective in the management of some medical conditions, though more work is required. Recreational use is rising due to a reduced perception of harm and the availability of more potent species. Cannabis use persists despite the several medical and psychological side effects. It is concluded that there is a shortage of information on the safety and pharmacological properties of C. sativa, and more work is required.
{"title":"Legalisation and Liberalisation of Cannabis: The Benefits and Drawbacks of the Global Trend","authors":"OA Fasesan","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-01-168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-01-168","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis sativa is a complex domesticated plant that has an unstable taxonomy. It is the most utilised illicit substance that has gained prominence in some parts of the world as it is used for therapeutic and recreational purposes. C. Sativa has also been used to manage numerous medical conditions since antiquity. The pharmacological benefits of C. sativa are still subject to intense research due to inconsistent outcomes. C. sativa, like other psychoactive substances, has both medical and psychological side effects. Despite the lack of knowledge, medical practitioners continue to recommend this substance. This review aims to highlight the effects of legalisation and liberalisation on the global trend of cannabis use. A search was conducted on Google Scholar and Medline from 2012 to date. The results showed that cannabis was found to be effective in the management of some medical conditions, though more work is required. Recreational use is rising due to a reduced perception of harm and the availability of more potent species. Cannabis use persists despite the several medical and psychological side effects. It is concluded that there is a shortage of information on the safety and pharmacological properties of C. sativa, and more work is required.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47894729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-04-171
P. Oriji, E. Kiridi, E. Kiridi, AE Ubom, J. Ugwoegbu, P. Bosrotsi, I. Abasi
Background: A tubal patency test is essential in evaluating women with infertility. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the investigation of choice for assessing tubal patency. Objective: To evaluate the effect of intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide on tubal spasms and pain perception during hysterosalpingography. Methods: This randomized, controlled trial was conducted at the Radiology Departments and Infertility Clinics of four health institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, between January 2021 and April 2022. Five hundred and twenty infertile women undergoing hysterosalpingography were randomized into two groups. Women in group I (control) received a placebo, while women in Group II (experimental) received 20 mg of intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide. Pain scores at different steps of the procedure were recorded. Results: The overall mean pain scores progressively decreased from contrast instillation (4.97 ± 2.08) through 30-minutes post-procedure (3.54 ± 1.54) to 24 hours post-procedure (1.96 ± 1.78). Pain scores at contrast instillation, 30 minutes and 24 hours after HSG were significantly lower in the hyoscine group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.001 each). There were significantly fewer women with tubal blockage in the hyoscine group compared to the placebo group [78 (30.0%) vs 131 (50.4%); p = 0.001]. Conclusion: Intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide before hysterosalpingography significantly reduces pain and tubal spasm during the procedure.
{"title":"Effect of Intramuscular Hyoscine-N-Butyl Bromide on Tubal Spasm and Pain Perception in Women with Infertility Undergoing Hysterosalpingography: A Randomised Controlled Trial","authors":"P. Oriji, E. Kiridi, E. Kiridi, AE Ubom, J. Ugwoegbu, P. Bosrotsi, I. Abasi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-04-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-04-171","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A tubal patency test is essential in evaluating women with infertility. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is the investigation of choice for assessing tubal patency.\u0000Objective: To evaluate the effect of intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide on tubal spasms and pain perception during hysterosalpingography.\u0000Methods: This randomized, controlled trial was conducted at the Radiology Departments and Infertility Clinics of four health institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, between January 2021 and April 2022. Five hundred and twenty infertile women undergoing hysterosalpingography were randomized into two groups. Women in group I (control) received a placebo, while women in Group II (experimental) received 20 mg of intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide. Pain scores at different steps of the procedure were recorded.\u0000Results: The overall mean pain scores progressively decreased from contrast instillation (4.97 ± 2.08) through 30-minutes post-procedure (3.54 ± 1.54) to 24 hours post-procedure (1.96 ± 1.78). Pain scores at contrast instillation, 30 minutes and 24 hours after HSG were significantly lower in the hyoscine group compared to the placebo group (p = 0.001 each). There were significantly fewer women with tubal blockage in the hyoscine group compared to the placebo group [78 (30.0%) vs 131 (50.4%); p = 0.001].\u0000Conclusion: Intramuscular hyoscine-N-butyl bromide before hysterosalpingography significantly reduces pain and tubal spasm during the procedure.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46456335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-03-170
A. Kasule, B. Mutebi, A. Ssentumbwe
Background: Research is one of the many domains that help countries to provide solutions to various challenges and improve facilities. The bibliometric analysis measures the research output of individuals/research teams, institutions, and countries and identifies national and international research networks across the globe. Objective: To examine key research topics, interrelations, and collaboration patterns of published health-related research in Scopus from Ugandan institutions and authors. Methods: Using the search term "Uganda, health, medicine" in the title, abstract and keywords, documents published between 1963 and 2022 were retrieved from Scopus. The extracted records were analysed in terms of keywords analysis and collaboration networks. The R Bibliometrics package was used to analyse and visualise the data. Results: The results reveal to scholars and practitioners the most relevant authors, affiliations, publication sources, trends in research topics and collaborating countries. The results provide valuable information for more investigation into the revealed research trends. Conclusion: Bibliometric analysis of health research in Uganda revealed that the most frequent topics are medicinal plants, traditional medicine and herbal medicine. Research work on malaria, Covid-19 and HIV/AIDS is also evident. There is a significant research collaboration with authors from the United States and the United Kingdom.
{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of Health and Medicine Research in Uganda","authors":"A. Kasule, B. Mutebi, A. Ssentumbwe","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-03-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-03-170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research is one of the many domains that help countries to provide solutions to various challenges and improve facilities. The bibliometric analysis measures the research output of individuals/research teams, institutions, and countries and identifies national and international research networks across the globe.\u0000Objective: To examine key research topics, interrelations, and collaboration patterns of published health-related research in Scopus from Ugandan institutions and authors.\u0000Methods: Using the search term \"Uganda, health, medicine\" in the title, abstract and keywords, documents published between 1963 and 2022 were retrieved from Scopus. The extracted records were analysed in terms of keywords analysis and collaboration networks. The R Bibliometrics package was used to analyse and visualise the data.\u0000Results: The results reveal to scholars and practitioners the most relevant authors, affiliations, publication sources, trends in research topics and collaborating countries. The results provide valuable information for more investigation into the revealed research trends.\u0000Conclusion: Bibliometric analysis of health research in Uganda revealed that the most frequent topics are medicinal plants, traditional medicine and herbal medicine. Research work on malaria, Covid-19 and HIV/AIDS is also evident. There is a significant research collaboration with authors from the United States and the United Kingdom.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42122678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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