Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-06-173
Ea Emmanuel, O. Fatungase, R. Shoyemi
Background: The anaesthetist is a health care professional, but misconceptions about her identity and roles influence patient satisfaction, a unique clinical endpoint. Objective: To determine patients’ perception of the anaesthetist and their satisfaction with perioperative anaesthesia care. Methods: This prospective study recruited adult patients scheduled for elective surgeries in a Nigerian tertiary health facility. A structured questionnaire was administered during the pre-anaesthetic visit, before the administration of anaesthesia and 24 hours post-operative to elicit information on socio-demographics, type of surgery, patient's perception of anaesthetist as a specialist, previous and index anaesthesia experience, and patient's satisfaction from the perioperative anaesthesia care. Results: One hundred (23 males and 77 females) adult patients with a mean age of 42.17±12.87 years were recruited for elective surgeries in various surgical specialities. Seventy-eight per cent were familiar with the roles of anaesthetists, but those with previous exposure to anaesthesia and a higher educational status showed better knowledge. Most participants (89%) realised that the anaesthetist was a qualified doctor. Still, when probed further, it was discovered that only 42% could anticipate that the anaesthetist was in charge of the operating theatre. A majority (73%) were unaware that the anaesthetist works outside the operating theatre. The participants were very satisfied (68%) or satisfied (32%) with the post-operative assessment of perioperative anaesthesia care. Conclusion: Most patients scheduled for elective surgeries were familiar with anaesthetist roles and identity but were unaware of her role outside the operating theatre.
{"title":"Patients’ Perception of Anaesthesia, the Anaesthetist and Experience of Anaesthesia Care","authors":"Ea Emmanuel, O. Fatungase, R. Shoyemi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-06-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-06-173","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The anaesthetist is a health care professional, but misconceptions about her identity and roles influence patient satisfaction, a unique clinical endpoint. \u0000Objective: To determine patients’ perception of the anaesthetist and their satisfaction with perioperative anaesthesia care.\u0000Methods: This prospective study recruited adult patients scheduled for elective surgeries in a Nigerian tertiary health facility. A structured questionnaire was administered during the pre-anaesthetic visit, before the administration of anaesthesia and 24 hours post-operative to elicit information on socio-demographics, type of surgery, patient's perception of anaesthetist as a specialist, previous and index anaesthesia experience, and patient's satisfaction from the perioperative anaesthesia care.\u0000Results: One hundred (23 males and 77 females) adult patients with a mean age of 42.17±12.87 years were recruited for elective surgeries in various surgical specialities. Seventy-eight per cent were familiar with the roles of anaesthetists, but those with previous exposure to anaesthesia and a higher educational status showed better knowledge. Most participants (89%) realised that the anaesthetist was a qualified doctor. Still, when probed further, it was discovered that only 42% could anticipate that the anaesthetist was in charge of the operating theatre. A majority (73%) were unaware that the anaesthetist works outside the operating theatre. The participants were very satisfied (68%) or satisfied (32%) with the post-operative assessment of perioperative anaesthesia care.\u0000Conclusion: Most patients scheduled for elective surgeries were familiar with anaesthetist roles and identity but were unaware of her role outside the operating theatre.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43828060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-02-169
Victoria I. Olafimihan, A. Ariba, S. Malomo
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major contributor to the global burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is important to identify the significant determinants of LBW, mainly among term babies, who should have achieved optimal weight gain before delivery to reduce the burden of LBW. Objectives: To determine the Prevalence of LBW among term babies delivered in a Nigerian hospital and the socio-demographic and clinical correlates of LBW. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among two hundred and twenty-seven term babies and their mothers at the Sacred Heart Hospital, Lantoro (SHHL), Abeokuta, Nigeria, between November 2017 and February 2018. Results: The Prevalence of LBW was 4.4 %. Over 90% of the mothers were educated, married and employed. There was a significant association between term-LBW and maternal booking BMI, anaemia at booking, multiple pregnancies, alcohol intake in pregnancy and paternal level of education. Underweight booking BMI, anaemia at booking, and low paternal level of education were independent predictors of term-LBW. Conclusions: The Prevalence of term-LBW babies in this study was relatively low. Aside from multiple pregnancies, the other main determinants of LBW include modifiable parental socioeconomic factors. Further reduction in term LBW can be achieved by improving parental education and enhancing maternal health through pre-conception care.
{"title":"Determinants of Low Birth Weight among Term Babies at the Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria","authors":"Victoria I. Olafimihan, A. Ariba, S. Malomo","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-02-169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-02-169","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major contributor to the global burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is important to identify the significant determinants of LBW, mainly among term babies, who should have achieved optimal weight gain before delivery to reduce the burden of LBW.\u0000Objectives: To determine the Prevalence of LBW among term babies delivered in a Nigerian hospital and the socio-demographic and clinical correlates of LBW.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among two hundred and twenty-seven term babies and their mothers at the Sacred Heart Hospital, Lantoro (SHHL), Abeokuta, Nigeria, between November 2017 and February 2018.\u0000Results: The Prevalence of LBW was 4.4 %. Over 90% of the mothers were educated, married and employed. There was a significant association between term-LBW and maternal booking BMI, anaemia at booking, multiple pregnancies, alcohol intake in pregnancy and paternal level of education. Underweight booking BMI, anaemia at booking, and low paternal level of education were independent predictors of term-LBW.\u0000Conclusions: The Prevalence of term-LBW babies in this study was relatively low. Aside from multiple pregnancies, the other main determinants of LBW include modifiable parental socioeconomic factors. Further reduction in term LBW can be achieved by improving parental education and enhancing maternal health through pre-conception care.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49513381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-07-174
M. Olusola-Bello, A. Olatunji, B. Ayoade, A. Adekoya, S. Ogunlade
Autoamputation is the spontaneous detachment from the body and elimination of an appendage or abnormal growth. Autoamputation of an organ due to malignancy has been reported in various organs, although its aetiopathogenesis has not been fully explained. Autoamputation of the breast is associated with late presentation and slow desmoplastic reaction in breast cancer. The patient was a 43- year- old Nigerian woman who presented with a one-year history of left breast mass diagnosed as triple negative invasive ductal carcinoma. She defaulted from hospital care but represented after autoamputation of the left breast. The case is reported to showcase the variations in the clinical course of breast cancers.
{"title":"Autoamputation of the Breast in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: A Case Report","authors":"M. Olusola-Bello, A. Olatunji, B. Ayoade, A. Adekoya, S. Ogunlade","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-07-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-07-174","url":null,"abstract":"Autoamputation is the spontaneous detachment from the body and elimination of an appendage or abnormal growth. Autoamputation of an organ due to malignancy has been reported in various organs, although its aetiopathogenesis has not been fully explained. Autoamputation of the breast is associated with late presentation and slow desmoplastic reaction in breast cancer. The patient was a 43- year- old Nigerian woman who presented with a one-year history of left breast mass diagnosed as triple negative invasive ductal carcinoma. She defaulted from hospital care but represented after autoamputation of the left breast. The case is reported to showcase the variations in the clinical course of breast cancers.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46491618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-08-175
T. Ogundele, E. Egwumah-Atule, YJ Osundare, O. Oyelami
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but severe, life-threatening bacterial infection of the fascia, with secondary necrosis of the subcutaneous tissues. Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by an infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia by one or more bacterial organisms, resulting in the death of these tissues. NF is rare in neonates, but it has been reported following omphalitis, balanitis, mastitis, and postoperative complications. The mortality in neonates with necrotizing fasciitis has been reported to be as high as fifty per cent. We report a case of NF in a term male neonate with an intramuscular injection at the left shoulder at birth under suspected septic conditions. The wound swab yielded Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas species, while the blood culture yielded Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species. The infant received antibiotics, and the wound was debrided. He was discharged after sixteen days of hospitalization. This case is reported to highlight the possible role of injections under septic conditions as a risk for necrotizing fasciitis in the newborn. Health workers are encouraged to ensure aseptic skin preparation before injections.
{"title":"Necrotising Fasciitis following Intramuscular Injection in a Nigerian Neonate: A case report","authors":"T. Ogundele, E. Egwumah-Atule, YJ Osundare, O. Oyelami","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-08-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-08-175","url":null,"abstract":"Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but severe, life-threatening bacterial infection of the fascia, with secondary necrosis of the subcutaneous tissues. Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by an infection of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia by one or more bacterial organisms, resulting in the death of these tissues. NF is rare in neonates, but it has been reported following omphalitis, balanitis, mastitis, and postoperative complications. The mortality in neonates with necrotizing fasciitis has been reported to be as high as fifty per cent. We report a case of NF in a term male neonate with an intramuscular injection at the left shoulder at birth under suspected septic conditions. The wound swab yielded Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas species, while the blood culture yielded Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species. The infant received antibiotics, and the wound was debrided. He was discharged after sixteen days of hospitalization. This case is reported to highlight the possible role of injections under septic conditions as a risk for necrotizing fasciitis in the newborn. Health workers are encouraged to ensure aseptic skin preparation before injections.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48779609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-07DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0803-05-172
A. Salako, O. Amoran, OE Okere, K. Oritogun
Background: HIV testing services (HTS) are a component of HIV prevention and care programs in developed countries and have proven to be a cost-effective way of monitoring the disease, reducing risky behaviours and leading patients to other services. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risky behavioural factors associated with HIV among the attendees of HIV testing services in a part of Ogun state, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of HTS clients in health facilities within Ogun State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for data collection using a pretested, close-ended, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 800 respondents with a mean age of 32.57±10.39 years were surveyed. The prevalence of HIV was 1.6%. The majority (93.6%) of the respondents were sexually experienced. The percentage tested previously among study participants was 5.0%. This significantly comprised those below the age of 18 years (X2 = 22.01, p = 0.0001) and female respondents (Χ2 = 4.84, p = 0.028). Only 21 (2.6%) have had unprotected sex with a casual partner. Significantly more of the female respondent had been involved in this risky sexual behaviour (X2 = 4.52, p = 0.034). Only 7 (0.9%) had sex with multiple sexual partners in the last three months, and 17 (2.1%) were positive for symptomatic STI screening. Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV was low to be 1.6%, and the percentage tested previously was 5.0%. The practice of free HIV screening should be maintained to encourage more people to undergo the test.
{"title":"Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Risky Sexual Behaviours among Clients Attending HIV Testing Service in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Salako, O. Amoran, OE Okere, K. Oritogun","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0803-05-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0803-05-172","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV testing services (HTS) are a component of HIV prevention and care programs in developed countries and have proven to be a cost-effective way of monitoring the disease, reducing risky behaviours and leading patients to other services.\u0000Objective: To determine the prevalence and risky behavioural factors associated with HIV among the attendees of HIV testing services in a part of Ogun state, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of HTS clients in health facilities within Ogun State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for data collection using a pretested, close-ended, interviewer-administered questionnaire.\u0000Results: A total of 800 respondents with a mean age of 32.57±10.39 years were surveyed. The prevalence of HIV was 1.6%. The majority (93.6%) of the respondents were sexually experienced. The percentage tested previously among study participants was 5.0%. This significantly comprised those below the age of 18 years (X2 = 22.01, p = 0.0001) and female respondents (Χ2 = 4.84, p = 0.028). Only 21 (2.6%) have had unprotected sex with a casual partner. Significantly more of the female respondent had been involved in this risky sexual behaviour (X2 = 4.52, p = 0.034). Only 7 (0.9%) had sex with multiple sexual partners in the last three months, and 17 (2.1%) were positive for symptomatic STI screening.\u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV was low to be 1.6%, and the percentage tested previously was 5.0%. The practice of free HIV screening should be maintained to encourage more people to undergo the test.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42148955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0802-05-164
M. Salisu, I. Senbanjo, K. Oshikoya, M. Lamina, EO Alaje
Background: Epilepsy is a common paediatric neurologic disorder associated with stigmatisation due to a lack of understanding of the disease and wrong beliefs. Objective: To assess parents’ knowledge about epilepsy, attitude towards the disease and care for the affected child in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of parents of children with epilepsy presenting to the Paediatric Neurology Out-Patient Clinic in a tertiary facility between June and August 2019. Data collection was done using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 112 parent-child pairs participated in this study. The mean age of the fathers and mothers were 44.9 ± 10.4 years and 37.9 ± 9.0 years, respectively. Most (98.2%) of the parents had at least a secondary level of education, and about half (42.9%) belonged to the upper socioeconomic class. About three-quarters (73.2%) of parents have heard about epilepsy before presentation at the clinic. Twenty-eight (25%) parents had misconceptions or no idea of the causes of epilepsy. About a third of the parents did not know the correct measures to be taken during seizure attacks. Three-quarters (76.8%) of children received prescribed medication regularly, and one of the reasons given for non-compliance with medications was poor effectiveness of the medications. (15.4%). Conclusions: The attitude and care of parents towards children living with epilepsy were poor. A period must be dedicated to educating all parents as soon as they present to the clinic with their children.
{"title":"Parent’s Knowledge, Attitude and Pattern of Care for Children with Epilepsy in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"M. Salisu, I. Senbanjo, K. Oshikoya, M. Lamina, EO Alaje","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0802-05-164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0802-05-164","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Epilepsy is a common paediatric neurologic disorder associated with stigmatisation due to a lack of understanding of the disease and wrong beliefs. \u0000Objective: To assess parents’ knowledge about epilepsy, attitude towards the disease and care for the affected child in Lagos, Nigeria. \u0000Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of parents of children with epilepsy presenting to the Paediatric Neurology Out-Patient Clinic in a tertiary facility between June and August 2019. Data collection was done using a semi-structured questionnaire. \u0000Results: A total of 112 parent-child pairs participated in this study. The mean age of the fathers and mothers were 44.9 ± 10.4 years and 37.9 ± 9.0 years, respectively. Most (98.2%) of the parents had at least a secondary level of education, and about half (42.9%) belonged to the upper socioeconomic class. About three-quarters (73.2%) of parents have heard about epilepsy before presentation at the clinic. Twenty-eight (25%) parents had misconceptions or no idea of the causes of epilepsy. About a third of the parents did not know the correct measures to be taken during seizure attacks. Three-quarters (76.8%) of children received prescribed medication regularly, and one of the reasons given for non-compliance with medications was poor effectiveness of the medications. (15.4%). \u0000Conclusions: The attitude and care of parents towards children living with epilepsy were poor. A period must be dedicated to educating all parents as soon as they present to the clinic with their children.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42352137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0802-03-162
KB Rishi, Aaeid Ayoub, AA Abdul-Hakeem, A. Alanood, Hma Sami, N. Archana
Background: Asthma is a chronic disease known to have an increasing incidence and severity among children. The parents of children with bronchial asthma have an essential role in managing the disease. Therefore, the burden of this disease needs to be explored. Objective: To assess the control of bronchial asthma among secondary school students in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 487 secondary schools in Abha City was done during the 2017 academic year. The data collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire included personal characteristics, identified precipitants of asthmatic attacks and the Asthma Control Test. Results: The most frequent allergens included dust (95.6%), smoke (80%) and incense (65.9%). The disease was not controlled in 80% of the asthmatic respondents. The prevalence of the disease was significantly higher among cigarette smokers than non-smokers (20.7% vs 8.5%, p = 0.028). Students who were allergic to incense had a significantly higher prevalence of uncontrolled asthma than those who were not allergic to incense (p = 0.021). Conclusions: Most cases of asthma are not controlled, and some cases have seasonality, mainly during winter and autumn. Allergy to Arabian incense is a risk factor for poor control of bronchial asthma in the population studied.
背景:哮喘是一种慢性疾病，在儿童中发病率和严重程度都在增加。支气管哮喘患儿的父母在控制疾病方面起着至关重要的作用。因此，需要探讨这种疾病的负担。目的:了解沙特阿拉伯中学生支气管哮喘的控制情况。方法:2017学年对阿卜哈市487所中学进行横断面研究。通过访谈者管理的问卷收集的数据包括个人特征、确定的哮喘发作诱因和哮喘控制测试。结果:最常见的过敏原为粉尘(95.6%)、烟雾(80%)和熏香(65.9%)。80%的哮喘患者病情未得到控制。吸烟者的患病率明显高于非吸烟者(20.7% vs 8.5%， p = 0.028)。对熏香过敏的学生哮喘未控制的患病率明显高于未对熏香过敏的学生(p = 0.021)。结论:哮喘病例多不可控，部分病例有季节性，以冬秋季发病为主。在研究人群中，对阿拉伯香过敏是支气管哮喘控制不良的一个危险因素。
{"title":"Bronchial Asthma Control Among School Children in Abha City, Saudi Arabia","authors":"KB Rishi, Aaeid Ayoub, AA Abdul-Hakeem, A. Alanood, Hma Sami, N. Archana","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0802-03-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0802-03-162","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma is a chronic disease known to have an increasing incidence and severity among children. The parents of children with bronchial asthma have an essential role in managing the disease. Therefore, the burden of this disease needs to be explored. \u0000Objective: To assess the control of bronchial asthma among secondary school students in Saudi Arabia. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study of 487 secondary schools in Abha City was done during the 2017 academic year. The data collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire included personal characteristics, identified precipitants of asthmatic attacks and the Asthma Control Test. \u0000Results: The most frequent allergens included dust (95.6%), smoke (80%) and incense (65.9%). The disease was not controlled in 80% of the asthmatic respondents. The prevalence of the disease was significantly higher among cigarette smokers than non-smokers (20.7% vs 8.5%, p = 0.028). Students who were allergic to incense had a significantly higher prevalence of uncontrolled asthma than those who were not allergic to incense (p = 0.021). \u0000Conclusions: Most cases of asthma are not controlled, and some cases have seasonality, mainly during winter and autumn. Allergy to Arabian incense is a risk factor for poor control of bronchial asthma in the population studied.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42166785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0802-08-167
S. Nyeche, AE Ubom, J. Ikimalo
Non-obstetric vulva haematomas are uncommon, with an incidence of 3.7% accounting for less than 1% of gynaecologic emergencies. Non-consensual sexual intercourse constitutes the most common aetiology. A 15-year-old adolescent Nigerian girl, who presented to the Gynaecologic Emergency Unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, with vulva haematoma following sexual assault, is presented. She had surgical management, screening and prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections, emergency contraception, and psychosocial therapy and was discharged after 24 hours, following an unremarkable postoperative period. This case is being reported to draw attention to the serious global public health problem of adolescent sexual abuse, highlight that though rare, vulva haematomas, which could be life-threatening, can be a complication of sexual assault, and review the literature on its management.
{"title":"Vulva Haematoma following Sexual Assault in an Adolescent Nigerian Girl: A Case Report","authors":"S. Nyeche, AE Ubom, J. Ikimalo","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0802-08-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0802-08-167","url":null,"abstract":"Non-obstetric vulva haematomas are uncommon, with an incidence of 3.7% accounting for less than 1% of gynaecologic emergencies. Non-consensual sexual intercourse constitutes the most common aetiology. A 15-year-old adolescent Nigerian girl, who presented to the Gynaecologic Emergency Unit of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, with vulva haematoma following sexual assault, is presented. She had surgical management, screening and prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections, emergency contraception, and psychosocial therapy and was discharged after 24 hours, following an unremarkable postoperative period. This case is being reported to draw attention to the serious global public health problem of adolescent sexual abuse, highlight that though rare, vulva haematomas, which could be life-threatening, can be a complication of sexual assault, and review the literature on its management.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45028799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0802-01-161
EO Taiwo, L. Thanni, OP Taiwo
Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be preceded by a long pre-diabetic stage. Family studies have confirmed that the incidence of T2DM in the first-degree offspring of T2DM patients is higher than in the non-diabetic population. The levels of plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c in offspring of T2DM patients may be markers of the development of T2DM later in life. Objectives: To determine the plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c levels of normoglycaemic offspring of T2DM patients. Methods: This study involved randomly selected 100 offspring of T2DM patients (ODP) and 100 offspring of non-diabetic parents (ONDP) aged between 16 and 40 years. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c and height and body weight were measured using standard methods. Results: The mean age of the ODP and ONDP were similar: 23.3±0.44 years and 23.44 ±0.40 years, respectively. The mean BMI was 23.83±0.42kg/m2 for ODP and 23.20±0.29kg/m2 for ONDP. The prevalence of overweight was 13.0% and 25.0% among the ODP and ONDP, respectively. The mean plasma fibrinogen was significantly higher in ODP (322.85 ± 5.15g/l vs 303.11 ±4.92 g/l; p = 0.006). The mean plasma HbA1c was also significantly higher among OND (5.13±0.03% vs 4.76±0.05; p = 0.000). Conclusions: The plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c levels are higher among ODP than ONDP. This pattern of variations may serve as a reason for instituting precautionary measures since it predates the development of T2DM.
背景:众所周知，2型糖尿病(T2DM)之前有一个很长的糖尿病前期。家庭研究证实，T2DM患者的一级后代中T2DM的发病率高于非糖尿病人群。2型糖尿病患者后代血浆纤维蛋白原和糖化血红蛋白水平可能是日后发生2型糖尿病的标志。目的:了解血糖正常的T2DM患者子代血浆纤维蛋白原和HbA1c水平。方法:本研究随机选择T2DM患者(ODP)和非糖尿病父母(ONDP)的子女100名，年龄在16 ~ 40岁之间。采用标准方法测定空腹血糖(FBG)、血浆纤维蛋白原、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及身高、体重。结果:ODP和ONDP的平均年龄相近，分别为23.3±0.44岁和23.44±0.40岁。ODP组BMI平均值为23.83±0.42kg/m2, ONDP组BMI平均值为23.20±0.29kg/m2。超重患病率在ODP和ONDP人群中分别为13.0%和25.0%。ODP患者的平均血浆纤维蛋白原显著升高(322.85±5.15g/l vs 303.11±4.92 g/l);P = 0.006)。对照组平均HbA1c显著高于对照组(5.13±0.03% vs 4.76±0.05;P = 0.000)。结论:ODP患者血浆纤维蛋白原和HbA1c水平高于ONDP患者。这种变异模式可能是制定预防措施的原因，因为它早于2型糖尿病的发展。
{"title":"Baseline Plasma Fibrinogen and Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) Levels in Normoglycaemic Offspring of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"EO Taiwo, L. Thanni, OP Taiwo","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0802-01-161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0802-01-161","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be preceded by a long pre-diabetic stage. Family studies have confirmed that the incidence of T2DM in the first-degree offspring of T2DM patients is higher than in the non-diabetic population. The levels of plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c in offspring of T2DM patients may be markers of the development of T2DM later in life. \u0000Objectives: To determine the plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c levels of normoglycaemic offspring of T2DM patients. \u0000Methods: This study involved randomly selected 100 offspring of T2DM patients (ODP) and 100 offspring of non-diabetic parents (ONDP) aged between 16 and 40 years. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c and height and body weight were measured using standard methods. \u0000Results: The mean age of the ODP and ONDP were similar: 23.3±0.44 years and 23.44 ±0.40 years, respectively. The mean BMI was 23.83±0.42kg/m2 for ODP and 23.20±0.29kg/m2 for ONDP. The prevalence of overweight was 13.0% and 25.0% among the ODP and ONDP, respectively. The mean plasma fibrinogen was significantly higher in ODP (322.85 ± 5.15g/l vs 303.11 ±4.92 g/l; p = 0.006). The mean plasma HbA1c was also significantly higher among OND (5.13±0.03% vs 4.76±0.05; p = 0.000). \u0000Conclusions: The plasma fibrinogen and HbA1c levels are higher among ODP than ONDP. This pattern of variations may serve as a reason for instituting precautionary measures since it predates the development of T2DM.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.30442/ahr.0802-04-163
C. Adepiti, K. Odunsi
Background: TPTE is a ‘Cancer Testis’ antigen that could be a candidate for targeted immunotherapy of epithelial ovarian cancer. Objective: To determine the prevalence of expression and the impact of TPTE on clinical and survival outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods: Relevant medical information of 173 ovarian cancer patients (including Fallopian and primary peritoneal) managed at a Cancer Centre were retrieved. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TPTE in the tumours. TPTE expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic and survival outcomes of the patients. Results: TPTE was expressed by 45.1% (78/173) of the tested tumours. There was no significant difference in age between TPTE-positive and negative women (p = 0.93). TPTE expression was not significantly associated with the stage of the disease (p = 1.00), grade of disease (p = 0.71) and histology of the tumour (p = 0.17). There was no significant association between TPTE expression and the ease of optimum debulking (44.5% vs 44.3%, p = 0.54). TPTE expression was also not associated with a better response to therapy (p = 0.05). However, it was associated with slightly longer but not statistically significant progression-free survival (27.5 vs 20.6-months, p = 0.14) and overall survival (49.2 vs 28.0 months, p = 0.11). Conclusion: This study shows that TPTE is expressed at a moderate frequency in epithelial ovarian cancers, and its expression is associated with marginally better survival outcomes.
{"title":"Transmembrane Phosphatase with TEnsin Homologue (TPTE) Expression in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer","authors":"C. Adepiti, K. Odunsi","doi":"10.30442/ahr.0802-04-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0802-04-163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: TPTE is a ‘Cancer Testis’ antigen that could be a candidate for targeted immunotherapy of epithelial ovarian cancer. \u0000Objective: To determine the prevalence of expression and the impact of TPTE on clinical and survival outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer. \u0000Methods: Relevant medical information of 173 ovarian cancer patients (including Fallopian and primary peritoneal) managed at a Cancer Centre were retrieved. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of TPTE in the tumours. TPTE expression was correlated with the clinicopathologic and survival outcomes of the patients. \u0000Results: TPTE was expressed by 45.1% (78/173) of the tested tumours. There was no significant difference in age between TPTE-positive and negative women (p = 0.93). TPTE expression was not significantly associated with the stage of the disease (p = 1.00), grade of disease (p = 0.71) and histology of the tumour (p = 0.17). There was no significant association between TPTE expression and the ease of optimum debulking (44.5% vs 44.3%, p = 0.54). TPTE expression was also not associated with a better response to therapy (p = 0.05). However, it was associated with slightly longer but not statistically significant progression-free survival (27.5 vs 20.6-months, p = 0.14) and overall survival (49.2 vs 28.0 months, p = 0.11). \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that TPTE is expressed at a moderate frequency in epithelial ovarian cancers, and its expression is associated with marginally better survival outcomes.","PeriodicalId":52960,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Health Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44653470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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