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A review on Nano technology application in agriculture. 纳米技术在农业中的应用综述。
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.127296
K. Upadhyay, Shambhu Katel, H. Mandal, Shubhada Yadav, Ayush Kharel, R. Dahal
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引用次数: 0
Spatial orientations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) influence the activity and population dynamics of bean stem maggot (Ophiomyia phaseoli) and bean foliage beetle (Ootheca mutabilis) 普通豆的空间取向对豆茎蛆和豆叶甲虫的活动和种群动态的影响
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.71183
T. Achiri, A. Ngone, Kwanda Nuigho, Divine Nsobinenyui, A. Abdulai, D. Njualem
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Advantage of Rice Production in Bangladesh: A Long-term Quasi-Response Assessment for Aman (Wet) Season 孟加拉国水稻生产的比较优势:对阿曼(湿)季的长期准响应评估
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.82109
Mohammad Islam, M. Sarkar, Mohammad Sohel Rahman, M. Rahaman
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引用次数: 2
Antifungal effect of glow discharge plasma and plasma activated water against brown spot disease of rice 辉光放电等离子体和等离子体活化水对水稻褐斑病的抑菌作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.84169
M. Hasan, M. Talukder, B. Hossain, Hemanta Roy
The impact of atmospheric glow discharge plasma and plasma activated water on reducing rice seed-borne brown spot disease was investigated. It has been shown that the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by plasma containing electrons, positive or negative ions, and neutral species has antimicrobial activity. In this study, four plasmas were used for seed treatment viz., O2-air glow discharge plasma for 90 s, 120 s, air-plasma activated water for 9 and 12 min. Control (without treatment) and chemical treatment were used in order to compare the treatment effect. The plasma treatments used for this study showed a promising positive effect on seed germination and plant growth, and reduction of brown spot severity in the field. Among the plasmas, O2-air glow discharge plasma for 90s significantly increased seed germination (94.67%) compared to control (84.0%). Conidial suspension of Bipolaris oryzae treated with O2-air glow discharge plasma for 90 s and air-plasma activated water for 9 min successfully reduced the conidial germination ability of Bipolaris oryzae on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The brown spot incidence and severity were significantly reduced in the plot which received seed treatment with O2-air glow discharge plasma for 90s and air-plasma activated water for 9 min. Interestingly, the same treatment remarkably enhances the plant growth parameters and yield of BRRI dhan28 compared to control treatment.
研究了大气辉光放电等离子体和等离子体活化水对水稻种传褐斑病的防治效果。研究表明,含有电子、正离子或负离子和中性物质的等离子体所产生的活性氧和活性氮具有抗菌活性。在本研究中,采用4种等离子体进行种子处理,即o2 -空气辉光放电等离子体处理90 s、120 s,空气等离子体活化水处理9 min和12 min。为了比较处理效果,采用对照(未经处理)和化学处理。本研究表明,等离子体处理对种子萌发和植株生长有积极的影响,并能降低田间褐斑病的严重程度。在等离子体中,臭氧-空气辉光放电等离子体在90年代显著提高了种子萌发率(94.67%),高于对照(84.0%)。o2 -空气辉光放电等离子体处理90 s,空气等离子体活化水处理9 min后,稻瘟病菌孢子悬浮液成功降低了稻瘟病菌孢子在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)上的萌发能力。o2 -空气发光放电等离子体处理90 min,空气等离子体活化水处理9 min,显著降低了褐斑的发生率和严重程度。与对照相比,同样处理显著提高了BRRI dhan28的植株生长参数和产量。
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引用次数: 0
Response of rice genotypes to bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, an emerging threat in Nepal. 水稻基因型对水稻黄单胞菌细菌性叶条病的响应。oryzicola是尼泊尔的一种新威胁。
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.88960
S. Gupt, K. Pant, B. Bastola
Bacterial leaf streak (BLS) is one of the devastating diseases of rice in Asia, Northern Australia, and West Africa that leads to up to 32% yield losses. Previously, BLS was rare in Nepal, but it has become more common in recent years, and it is supposed to cause significant yield losses. However, studies on various aspects of BLS of rice, such as yield loss assessment, management strategy, germplasm evaluation, etc., have not been done in Nepal. Therefore, realizing the fact that the identification of resistant genotypes is a cost-effective and efficient approach to managing crop diseases; seventy-six rice genotypes were evaluated, along with resistant (Sabitri) and a susceptible (TN1) checks (usually used for bacterial leaf blight) under artificial epiphytotic conditions at the National Wheat Research Program (NWRP), Bhairahawa, Nepal, in the year 2018 and 2019. This study identified thirteen resistant and fourteen moderately resistant genotypes based on the mean percentage of disease severity over two years. The resistant genotypes viz., IR 108196-1-B-B-3-2-5, IR 10A 134, NR 2168-44-2-1-1-1-2-1-1, B 11598C-TB-21-B-7, IR 14D 198, IR 96279-39-3-1-2, IR 103587-22-2-3-B, BP 9474C-1-1-B, IR 10L 185, IR 15L 1735, IR 106529-20-40-3-2-B, IR 15D 1031 and IR 108541:1227-1-3-B-B could be used as resistance sources in the breeding programs. Furthermore, resistant genotypes with high yield potential after evaluation across different environments could be released as BLS resistant varieties in Nepal. This study may be the first effort to identify resistant rice genotypes, particularly against BLS, which is an emerging potential threat to rice production in Nepal.
细菌性叶斑病(BLS)是亚洲、北澳大利亚和西非水稻的破坏性疾病之一,导致高达32%的产量损失。以前,BLS在尼泊尔很少见,但近年来变得越来越普遍,并且应该会造成重大的产量损失。然而,对水稻BLS各方面的研究,如产量损失评估、管理策略、种质评价等,在尼泊尔尚未开展。因此,认识到鉴定抗性基因型是管理作物病害的一种经济有效的方法;2018年和2019年,在尼泊尔Bhairahawa的国家小麦研究计划(NWRP)中,对76种水稻基因型以及抗性(Sabitri)和易感(TN1)检测(通常用于细菌性叶枯病)在人工外植条件下进行了评估。该研究根据两年内疾病严重程度的平均百分比确定了13种耐药和14种中等耐药基因型。耐药基因型即红外108196 - 1 B - B - 3 - 2 - 5红外10 134年,NR 2168-44-2-1-1-1-2-1-1, B 11598 c-tb-21-b-7,红外14 d 198, IR 96279-39-3-1-2, IR 103587 - 22 - 2 - 3 B, BP 9474 c-1-1-b红外10 l 185红外15 l 1735, IR 106529 - 20 - 40 - 3 - 2 B,红外15 d 1031和红外108541:1227-1-3-B-B可以作为阻力来源在繁殖项目。此外,在不同环境中评估具有高产潜力的抗性基因型可以作为BLS抗性品种在尼泊尔释放。这项研究可能是鉴定抗水稻基因型的第一次努力,特别是针对BLS,这是尼泊尔水稻生产的一个新出现的潜在威胁。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of varieties and organic manures on growth and yield of cauliflower 品种和有机肥对花椰菜生长和产量的影响
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.109112
Nazrina Yeasmin, Rashid, Rahman
An experiment was conducted at the Landscaping section of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2018 to March 2019 to investigate the effects of varieties and organic manures on growth and yield of cauliflower. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The experiment consisted of two varieties viz. BARI Fulkopi1 (RUPA) and BARI Fulkopi-2 and five types of organic manures viz. T0 = Control (no manure), T1 = Cowdung @ 20 t/ha, T2 = Mustard oilcake (MOC) @ 0.5 t/ha, T3 = Poultry manure @ 15 t/ha, T4 = Cowdung + MOC + Poultry manure @ 4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha + 2 t/ha. The results of the experiment showed that the variety and organic manures had significant influence on almost all the parameters studied. BARI Fulkopi-2 produced the higher yield with increased plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem length, curd diameter compared to BARI Fulkopi-1 (RUPA). The results further revealed that the application of T4 (Cowdung + MOC+ Poultry manure @ (4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha + 2 t/ha) increased plant height, number of leaves per plant, stem length, curd diameter and curd yield compared to control treatment (T0). The highest curd yield (24.01 t/ha) was recorded in T4 (Cowdung + MOC + Poultry manure @ (4 t/ha +0.25 t/ha +2 t/ha) and the lowest curd yield (13.99 t/ha) was found in T0 (control). The effect of organic manures on yield were in order of T4>T3>T2>T1>T0. Among the treatment combinations V2T4 gave the highest plant height (47.26 cm), number of leaves per plant (11.22), curd yield (24.99 t/ha) where-as the lowest plant height (23.52 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.37), curd yield (13.3 t/ha) were obtained from V1T0. Therefore, the combined application of Cowdung + MOC + Poultry manure @ 4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha +2 t/ha along with BARI Fulkopi-2 was found to be better in respect of growth and yield of cauliflower.
2018年10月至2019年3月,在孟加拉国农业大学园林系园林绿化处进行了一项试验,研究了品种和有机肥料对花椰菜生长和产量的影响。试验采用随机完全区组设计,设3个重复。试验采用BARI fulkopi - 1 (RUPA)和BARI Fulkopi-2两个品种和5种有机肥,即T0 =对照(无肥料)、T1 =牛粪@ 20 t/ha、T2 =芥菜油饼(MOC) @ 0.5 t/ha、T3 =禽粪@ 15 t/ha、T4 =牛粪+ MOC +禽粪@ 4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha + 2 t/ha。试验结果表明,品种和有机肥对几乎所有试验参数都有显著影响。与BARI Fulkopi-1 (RUPA)相比,BARI Fulkopi-2在株高、单株叶数、茎长、结乳直径等方面均有较高的产量。结果进一步表明,与对照处理(T0)相比,施用T4(牛粪+ MOC+禽粪@ (4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha + 2 t/ha)可提高单株株高、单株叶数、茎长、凝乳直径和凝乳产量。T4(牛粪+ MOC +禽粪@ (4 t/ha +0.25 t/ha +2 t/ha)凝乳产量最高(24.01 t/ha), T0(对照)凝乳产量最低(13.99 t/ha)。有机肥对产量的影响顺序为T4>T3>T2>T1>T0。V2T4处理的株高(47.26 cm)、单株叶数(11.22)、凝乳产量(24.99 t/ha)最高,V1T0处理的株高(23.52 cm)、单株叶数(7.37)、凝乳产量(13.3 t/ha)最低。因此,牛粪+ MOC +禽粪@ 4 t/ha + 0.25 t/ha +2 t/ha配施BARI Fulkopi-2对花椰菜生长和产量影响较大。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of local, high yielding and hybrid transplanted aman rice varieties for phenology, grain morphology and yield 地方、高产和杂交移栽水稻品种物候、籽粒形态和产量评价
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.82922
M. Sarkar, A. Hasan, N. Islam, S. Islam, M. Rashid
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period from June to December 2016 to evaluate local, high yielding and hybrid transplanted aman rice varieties for grain morphology and grain yield. The experiment was comprised of 15 transplanted aman (T. aman) rice varieties viz., high yielding varieties (HYV): BR11, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan38, BRRI dhan49, BRRI dhan52, BRRI dhan56, BRRI dhan62, Binadhan-7, Binadhan-12, Binadhan-13; local varieties: Balam, Kalizira, Nizersail, Bashiraj; and hybrid variety: Agro dhan-12. Duration of the phenological events such as date of emergence of seedlings, booting, heading, anthesis, physiological maturity and total growth duration was higher in local varieties compared to high yielding and hybrid. The lowest duration of these events were recorded in BRRI dhan62 and BRRI dhan56. The tallest plant was obtained from local variety Kalizira (167.27 cm) and the shortest one was obtained from HYV BRRI dhan56 (105.20 cm). Hybrid variety Agro dhan-12 possessed the highest number of effective tillers hill−1 (17.0) which was similar to HYV BRRI dhan49 (17.0) and the lowest number was recorded in HYV BRRI dhan38. Number of grains panicle−1 was the highest in hybrid variety Agro dhan-12 (235) and the lowest was present in local variety Balam. Thousand grain weight was highest at hybrid variety Agro dhan-12 (35 g) and the lowest one was observed in BRRI dhan34 (12.07 g). Grain yield was highest in hybrid variety Agro dhan-12 (6.50 t ha−1) which was similar to high yielding varieties BRRI dhan49 (6.0 t ha−1). In lower part of panicle, primary and secondary grain length (L), breadth (B), volume, L/B ratio was maximum in Binadhan-7 and Agro dhan-12. In middle part of the panicle, primary and secondary grain length, volume was found the maximum in Binadhan-7 and breadth was maximum in BR11, Agro dhan-12. Height was maximum in BRRI dhan56. In upper part of the panicle, primary and secondary grain length and volume was maximum in Binadhan-7 and breadth was maximum in Agro dhan-12 and height was maximum in BRRI dhan52.
2016年6月至12月,在孟加拉国农业大学农学田间实验室对当地、高产和杂交移栽水稻品种的籽粒形态和产量进行了评价。试验选用15个水稻移栽品种,即:BR11、BRRI dhan34、BRRI dhan38、BRRI dhan49、BRRI dhan52、BRRI dhan56、BRRI dhan62、Binadhan-7、Binadhan-12、Binadhan-13;当地品种:Balam, Kalizira, Nizersail, Bashiraj;和杂交品种:Agro dhan-12。地方品种的出苗期、孕穗期、抽穗期、开花期、生理成熟期和总生长期等物候事件持续时间均高于高产品种和杂交种。BRRI dhan62和BRRI dhan56记录的这些事件持续时间最短。最高的植株来自当地品种Kalizira (167.27 cm),最短的植株来自HYV BRRI dhan56 (105.20 cm)。杂交品种Agro dhan12的有效分蘖数最高(17.0),与HYV BRRI dhan49(17.0)相当,而HYV BRRI dhan38的有效分蘖数最低。杂交品种Agro - dhan-12(235)的穗数最高,地方品种Balam的穗数最低。杂交品种Agro dhan12千粒重最高(35 g), BRRI dhan34最低(12.07 g),产量最高(6.50 t ha -1),与高产品种BRRI dhan49相似(6.0 t ha -1)。在穗下部,初生和次生粒长、宽度、体积、L/B比在Binadhan-7和Agro dhan-12中最大。在穗中部,初生和次生粒长、体积均以Binadhan-7最大,宽度以BR11、Agro dhan-12最大。BRRI最高的是dhan56。在穗部上部,一次粒和二次粒的长度和体积以Binadhan-7最大,宽度以Agro dhan-12最大,高度以BRRI dhan52最大。
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引用次数: 0
Overview of Agriculture in Nepal: Issues and strategies to cope with 尼泊尔农业概况:问题和应对策略
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.89753
P. Gyawali, Saugat Khanal
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引用次数: 1
Chitosan-Mediated Salt Stress Mitigation in Rice by Enhancing Antioxidant Defense System 壳聚糖通过增强抗氧化防御系统缓解水稻盐胁迫
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.128175
M. Khaleduzzaman, M. Hossain, M. Bhuiyan, Sakil Mahmud, M. Arif, Y. Murata
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引用次数: 0
An Investigating of Vegetable Production in Iran by Using Time Series Models 用时间序列模型对伊朗蔬菜生产的调查
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/faa.129347
Zeynab Latifi, H. Fami
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Fundamental and Applied Agriculture
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