The planting of monsoon rice (locally known as aman rice) may be delayed due to late heavy rainfall in many regions of South and Southeast Asia resulting in high spikelet sterility with substantial yield loss due to low temperatures during the reproductive stage. Therefore, the study evaluated the performance of foliar-applied boron in mitigating that problem towards sustainable aman rice production. A field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design where different levels of boron viz. 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm were foliar-sprayed at 33 and 47 days after transplanting (DAT) to a popular aromatic rice cultivar Kataribhog grown in late monsoon. Data were collected on phenology, SPAD value at variable dates, pollen viability, boron concentration in leaves and grains, and yield traits and yield. The pollen viability increased by 81.6% for 200 ppm boron. Boron decreased flag leaf weight but increased panicle weight. Simultaneously, it decreased flag leaf SPAD value and subsequent increase in grain yield, which indicates profound flag leaf reserves translocation into the grain. Foliar-applied B at 200 ppm showed a 32.4 and 40.9% increase of B in leaf and grain, respectively, and improved yield attributes resulting in increased grain yield by 47.0%. The grain yield had strong positive relations with the B content in leaf and grain, and yield contributing characters. The results conclude that foliar-applied appropriate dose of B can reduce spikelet sterility, individual grain weight and eventually enhance grain formation towards increasing yield in late sown aromatic monsoon rice.
{"title":"Foliar-applied boron improves flag leaf reserves translocation, pollen viability and yield of aromatic monsoon rice","authors":"S. Rana, M. Islam, Md Bari, M. Mia, Md Rahman","doi":"10.5455/faa.69758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.69758","url":null,"abstract":"The planting of monsoon rice (locally known as aman rice) may be delayed due to late heavy rainfall in many regions of South and Southeast Asia resulting in high spikelet sterility with substantial yield loss due to low temperatures during the reproductive stage. Therefore, the study evaluated the performance of foliar-applied boron in mitigating that problem towards sustainable aman rice production. A field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design where different levels of boron viz. 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm were foliar-sprayed at 33 and 47 days after transplanting (DAT) to a popular aromatic rice cultivar Kataribhog grown in late monsoon. Data were collected on phenology, SPAD value at variable dates, pollen viability, boron concentration in leaves and grains, and yield traits and yield. The pollen viability increased by 81.6% for 200 ppm boron. Boron decreased flag leaf weight but increased panicle weight. Simultaneously, it decreased flag leaf SPAD value and subsequent increase in grain yield, which indicates profound flag leaf reserves translocation into the grain. Foliar-applied B at 200 ppm showed a 32.4 and 40.9% increase of B in leaf and grain, respectively, and improved yield attributes resulting in increased grain yield by 47.0%. The grain yield had strong positive relations with the B content in leaf and grain, and yield contributing characters. The results conclude that foliar-applied appropriate dose of B can reduce spikelet sterility, individual grain weight and eventually enhance grain formation towards increasing yield in late sown aromatic monsoon rice.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88658804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Honey bees are significant economic resource as commercial producers of bee products, such as honey, beeswax, pollen, venom, and royal jelly. It plays a pivotal role in pollination, environment conservation, and the maintenance of biodiversity. Although Bangladesh has a favorable ecological condition for beekeeping, only a fraction of its potential is being utilized. To identify the reasons behind it, this paper reviews the socioeconomic status of the beekeepers, the problems faced by them in rearing honey bees, and in the processing and marketing of bee products. It also highlights the modern technologies that can be adopted to improve the beekeeping sector. Reviewed literature shed light on the constraints in beekeeping as poor educational status, inadequate training facilities, and lack of utilization of modern scientific instruments. This situation is further worsened by the adverse effects of pests, diseases, and the indiscriminate use of pesticides in bee flora. Furthermore, the lack of modern technologies to extract the byproducts, added with poor marketing strategies, hinders potential income in local and foreign markets. Along with the introduction of up-to-date tools and technologies, the government and non-government organizations should collaborate to alleviate the threats faced by this sector to make it more profitable.
{"title":"Problems and Prospects of Apiculture in Bangladesh: A Review","authors":"M. Jahan, Md. Syfur Rahman, M. Haque, M. Saikat","doi":"10.5455/faa.117149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.117149","url":null,"abstract":"Honey bees are significant economic resource as commercial producers of bee products, such as honey, beeswax, pollen, venom, and royal jelly. It plays a pivotal role in pollination, environment conservation, and the maintenance of biodiversity. Although Bangladesh has a favorable ecological condition for beekeeping, only a fraction of its potential is being utilized. To identify the reasons behind it, this paper reviews the socioeconomic status of the beekeepers, the problems faced by them in rearing honey bees, and in the processing and marketing of bee products. It also highlights the modern technologies that can be adopted to improve the beekeeping sector. Reviewed literature shed light on the constraints in beekeeping as poor educational status, inadequate training facilities, and lack of utilization of modern scientific instruments. This situation is further worsened by the adverse effects of pests, diseases, and the indiscriminate use of pesticides in bee flora. Furthermore, the lack of modern technologies to extract the byproducts, added with poor marketing strategies, hinders potential income in local and foreign markets. Along with the introduction of up-to-date tools and technologies, the government and non-government organizations should collaborate to alleviate the threats faced by this sector to make it more profitable.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84843817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saugat Khanal, Shweta Bhattarai, Upama Adhikari, D. Sharma, Meenakshi M. Pandey
Evolution of community into the cognitive one has had a significant impact on the value and role of information. Could the adoption of ICT be the means to achieve agricultural sustainability in developed and emerging economies? A startling plunge of food yield growth rates and risks of food insecurity in the future, especially after the global population projection of 9.7 billion people by 2050, highlights the pertinence of this question which finds no clear insights in the past literature. Not every person has the same internet access, communication tools, the same level of information approach, or makes the same benefit of available digital gadgets. Digital dividends have lagged the ICT penetration behind. ICT tools have been unevenly distributed. Developed economies have been able to make use of such tools as a support for development of sustainable agriculture. However, this case has potentially not been achieved in emerging economies due to the illiteracy of the farmers. This suggests the need for extension education, ICT tools demonstrations with application, investment in technology, training programs, workshops, and so on. The internet has been accessible to 86.6% of the developed countries, while it has just been 47% of people from developing ones. So, future research should focus on the strategies to increase the application of ICT tools in farming to bring agricultural sustainability in both developing and developed economies.
{"title":"Disparities between developed and emerging economies in digital divide and ICT gap to bring agricultural sustainability","authors":"Saugat Khanal, Shweta Bhattarai, Upama Adhikari, D. Sharma, Meenakshi M. Pandey","doi":"10.5455/FAA.78371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/FAA.78371","url":null,"abstract":"Evolution of community into the cognitive one has had a significant impact on the value and role of information. Could the adoption of ICT be the means to achieve agricultural sustainability in developed and emerging economies? A startling plunge of food yield growth rates and risks of food insecurity in the future, especially after the global population projection of 9.7 billion people by 2050, highlights the pertinence of this question which finds no clear insights in the past literature. Not every person has the same internet access, communication tools, the same level of information approach, or makes the same benefit of available digital gadgets. Digital dividends have lagged the ICT penetration behind. ICT tools have been unevenly distributed. Developed economies have been able to make use of such tools as a support for development of sustainable agriculture. However, this case has potentially not been achieved in emerging economies due to the illiteracy of the farmers. This suggests the need for extension education, ICT tools demonstrations with application, investment in technology, training programs, workshops, and so on. The internet has been accessible to 86.6% of the developed countries, while it has just been 47% of people from developing ones. So, future research should focus on the strategies to increase the application of ICT tools in farming to bring agricultural sustainability in both developing and developed economies.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77340445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The conventional transplanting of rice production system and farmers ignorance about proper fertilizer application has been a major problem in rice production and resource conservation in Nepal. To address the problem of resource conservation, an experiment was conducted in Kaski, Nepal during the rainy season of 2019. The experimental set up was in strip plot design consisting of three crop establishment methods(i) zero-till dry direct-seeded rice (ZT-DSR), (ii) reduced-till dry direct-seeded rice (RT-DSR) and (iii) transplanted rice (TPR) and four site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) options(i) nutrient expert (NE Model), (ii) leaf color chart (LCC), (iii) chlorophyll content meter-200 (CCM-200) and (iv) farmers fertilizer practice (FFP) with three replications in the fields. Among the establishment methods, TPR performed better in terms of grain yield and nutrient uses, whereas ZT-DSR was superior in terms of profitability and energy use. Among the nutrient management, CCM-200 showed promising performance with significantly higher grain nitrogen uptake (60.5 kg ha−1), straw nitrogen uptake (24.11 kg ha−1) and total nitrogen uptake (84.6 kg ha−1) than other nutrient management practices. The energy input in ZT-DSR and RT-DSR were 41.8% and 32.9% lower than the TPR. The energy use efficiency (EUE) was higher in ZT-DSR (15.79) and FFP (15.07) as compared to other crop establishment methods and fertilizer management approaches. The ZT-DSR with FFP had the highest EUE (20.94) followed by ZT-DSR with LCC (15.0). Whereas, the highest grain yield and B:C ratio was recorded on TPR with CCM-200 and ZT-DSR with CCM-200 respectively. Thus, considering the great importance of yield and profitability at the farmers’ level, combination of ZT-DSR and CCM-200 may be recommended to farmers.
传统的水稻生产系统移栽和农民对适当施肥的无知一直是尼泊尔水稻生产和资源保护的主要问题。为了解决资源保护问题，2019年雨季在尼泊尔卡斯基进行了一项实验。试验设置为条畦设计，包括3种作物建立方法(i)零耕干直播稻(ZT-DSR)、(ii)少耕干直播稻(RT-DSR)和(iii)移栽稻(TPR)，以及4种特定场地养分管理(SSNM)方案(i)营养专家(NE模型)、(ii)叶色图(LCC)、(iii)叶绿素含量仪-200 (CCM-200)和(iv)农户施肥实践(FFP)，田间3个重复。TPR在粮食产量和养分利用方面表现较好，ZT-DSR在盈利能力和能量利用方面表现较好。在养分管理中，CCM-200的籽粒氮吸收(60.5 kg ha−1)、秸秆氮吸收(24.11 kg ha−1)和总氮吸收(84.6 kg ha−1)均显著高于其他养分管理。ZT-DSR和RT-DSR的能量输入分别比TPR低41.8%和32.9%。ZT-DSR和FFP的能量利用效率(EUE)分别为15.79和15.07，高于其他作物种植方式和肥料管理方式。添加FFP的ZT-DSR的EUE最高(20.94)，其次是添加LCC的ZT-DSR(15.0)。而TPR和ZT-DSR分别以CCM-200和CCM-200处理的籽粒产量和B:C比最高。因此，考虑到农民对产量和盈利能力的重要性，建议农民将ZT-DSR与CCM-200组合使用。
{"title":"Resource use efficiencies of rice grown under different crop establishment methods and fertilizer management approaches in Kaski, Nepal","authors":"K. Pariyar, L. Amgain, T. Karki, Sambaat Ranabhat","doi":"10.5455/faa.137963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.137963","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional transplanting of rice production system and farmers ignorance about proper fertilizer application has been a major problem in rice production and resource conservation in Nepal. To address the problem of resource conservation, an experiment was conducted in Kaski, Nepal during the rainy season of 2019. The experimental set up was in strip plot design consisting of three crop establishment methods(i) zero-till dry direct-seeded rice (ZT-DSR), (ii) reduced-till dry direct-seeded rice (RT-DSR) and (iii) transplanted rice (TPR) and four site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) options(i) nutrient expert (NE Model), (ii) leaf color chart (LCC), (iii) chlorophyll content meter-200 (CCM-200) and (iv) farmers fertilizer practice (FFP) with three replications in the fields. Among the establishment methods, TPR performed better in terms of grain yield and nutrient uses, whereas ZT-DSR was superior in terms of profitability and energy use. Among the nutrient management, CCM-200 showed promising performance with significantly higher grain nitrogen uptake (60.5 kg ha−1), straw nitrogen uptake (24.11 kg ha−1) and total nitrogen uptake (84.6 kg ha−1) than other nutrient management practices. The energy input in ZT-DSR and RT-DSR were 41.8% and 32.9% lower than the TPR. The energy use efficiency (EUE) was higher in ZT-DSR (15.79) and FFP (15.07) as compared to other crop establishment methods and fertilizer management approaches. The ZT-DSR with FFP had the highest EUE (20.94) followed by ZT-DSR with LCC (15.0). Whereas, the highest grain yield and B:C ratio was recorded on TPR with CCM-200 and ZT-DSR with CCM-200 respectively. Thus, considering the great importance of yield and profitability at the farmers’ level, combination of ZT-DSR and CCM-200 may be recommended to farmers.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77629005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was carried out during the month of August – December 2020 at the Floriculture Development Center, Godawari, Lalitpur, Nepal. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with seven treatments comprising of 3 levels each of maleic hydrazide (MH) (T2 : 200 ppm, T3: 300 ppm, T4 : 400 ppm) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (T5: 100 ppm, T6: 200 ppm, T7: 300 ppm) along with control (T1) replicated thrice with an objective to access the impact of MH and GA3 on production and productivity of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Calcuttia Orange. The foliar spray of the growth regulators was applied at 30 days after transplanting (DAT). The result revealed that vegetative growth viz. plant spread (2083 cm2), stem diameter (1.2 cm), number of primary (8.13) and secondary branches (28.27) was recorded significantly maximum with the treatment of MH at 400 ppm. The plant height (56.33 cm) was found to be maximum when treated with GA3 at 200 ppm whereas MH at 300 ppm resulted in highest number of leaves (139.26). First flowering (45 d), 50% flowering (50 d), full bloom (54 d), maximum flower weight (11.33 g) and maximum flower diameter (8.10 cm) were achieved with GA3 at 200 ppm. However, the maximum number of flowers (29) was obtained by the foliar spray of MH at 400 ppm. MH at 400 ppm resulted the maximum yield of the flowers (23.528 t ha−1) followed by GA3 at 200 ppm (23.079 t ha−1). The experiment concluded that MH at 400 ppm and GA3 at 200 ppm contributed to increased growth, flowering and yield of the crop.
2020年8月至12月，在尼泊尔拉利特普尔戈达瓦里花卉栽培发展中心进行了一项田间试验。试验采用随机区组设计，共7个处理，包括3个水平的马来酰肼(MH) (T2: 200 ppm, T3: 300 ppm, T4: 400 ppm)和赤霉素酸(GA3) (T5: 100 ppm, T6: 200 ppm, T7: 300 ppm)以及对照(T1)，重复3次，目的是了解MH和GA3对非洲万金菊(Tagetes erecta L.) cv的产量和生产力的影响。Calcuttia橙色。生长调节剂叶面喷施于移栽后30天。结果表明，在400 ppm的浓度下，植物的营养生长(株展布2083 cm2)、茎粗1.2 cm、一次枝数8.13根、次枝数28.27根)达到了最大值。当GA3浓度为200 ppm时，株高(56.33 cm)最高，而当MH浓度为300 ppm时，叶片数最高(139.26)。在200 ppm浓度下，GA3的初花期为45 d, 50%花期为50 d，盛花期为54 d，最大花重为11.33 g，最大花径为8.10 cm。在400ppm浓度下，叶面喷施的花数最多，为29朵。在400 ppm的浓度下，红花产量最高(23.528 t ha - 1)，其次是200 ppm的GA3 (23.079 t ha - 1)。试验得出结论，400ppm的MH和200ppm的GA3有助于作物的生长、开花和产量。
{"title":"Effect of maleic hydrazide and gibberellic acid on growth and yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta l.) cv. Calcuttia Orange","authors":"Poonam Karki, P. Atreya, S. Shrestha","doi":"10.5455/faa.103177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.103177","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out during the month of August – December 2020 at the Floriculture Development Center, Godawari, Lalitpur, Nepal. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with seven treatments comprising of 3 levels each of maleic hydrazide (MH) (T2 : 200 ppm, T3: 300 ppm, T4 : 400 ppm) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (T5: 100 ppm, T6: 200 ppm, T7: 300 ppm) along with control (T1) replicated thrice with an objective to access the impact of MH and GA3 on production and productivity of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Calcuttia Orange. The foliar spray of the growth regulators was applied at 30 days after transplanting (DAT). The result revealed that vegetative growth viz. plant spread (2083 cm2), stem diameter (1.2 cm), number of primary (8.13) and secondary branches (28.27) was recorded significantly maximum with the treatment of MH at 400 ppm. The plant height (56.33 cm) was found to be maximum when treated with GA3 at 200 ppm whereas MH at 300 ppm resulted in highest number of leaves (139.26). First flowering (45 d), 50% flowering (50 d), full bloom (54 d), maximum flower weight (11.33 g) and maximum flower diameter (8.10 cm) were achieved with GA3 at 200 ppm. However, the maximum number of flowers (29) was obtained by the foliar spray of MH at 400 ppm. MH at 400 ppm resulted the maximum yield of the flowers (23.528 t ha−1) followed by GA3 at 200 ppm (23.079 t ha−1). The experiment concluded that MH at 400 ppm and GA3 at 200 ppm contributed to increased growth, flowering and yield of the crop.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"254 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73745073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Aphididae: Hemiptera) is one of the major constraints for mustard production in Bangladesh. Traditionally, a variety of broad-spectrum chemical insecticides are being used to control this pest which is detrimental to beneficial insects and the environment. Hence, sustainable management was required. In the present study, as an alternative to conventional insecticides, we have tested: insecticides claimed to be least toxic to the environment (cypermethrin and carbofuran), botanicals (neem oil and mahogany oil) and two non-chemical measures (wood ash and wood ash combined with lime). Cypermethrin and neem oil followed by carbofuran were most efficient to minimize aphid infestations. Comparing to the untreated control plots, reduction of overall percent infestations of plants (74 79%), leaves (74 90%), twigs (48 61%) and pods (64 77%) were obtained through the application of cypermethrin, neem oil and carbofuran. Mahogany oil, wood ash solely and wood ash + lime were also found effective compared to the control plots. Therefore, cypermethrin and neem oil could be the first choice for the mustard growers followed by carbofuran to manage mustard aphids effectively. Mahogany oil followed by wood ash combined with lime and wood ash alone can be suggested only when aphid infestations remain at the lower level.
{"title":"Management of mustard aphids using eco-friendly control approaches","authors":"B. Saha, Rahman, M. Uddin, Shahjahan, Banin Roy","doi":"10.5455/faa.99729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.99729","url":null,"abstract":"Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Aphididae: Hemiptera) is one of the major constraints for mustard production in Bangladesh. Traditionally, a variety of broad-spectrum chemical insecticides are being used to control this pest which is detrimental to beneficial insects and the environment. Hence, sustainable management was required. In the present study, as an alternative to conventional insecticides, we have tested: insecticides claimed to be least toxic to the environment (cypermethrin and carbofuran), botanicals (neem oil and mahogany oil) and two non-chemical measures (wood ash and wood ash combined with lime). Cypermethrin and neem oil followed by carbofuran were most efficient to minimize aphid infestations. Comparing to the untreated control plots, reduction of overall percent infestations of plants (74 79%), leaves (74 90%), twigs (48 61%) and pods (64 77%) were obtained through the application of cypermethrin, neem oil and carbofuran. Mahogany oil, wood ash solely and wood ash + lime were also found effective compared to the control plots. Therefore, cypermethrin and neem oil could be the first choice for the mustard growers followed by carbofuran to manage mustard aphids effectively. Mahogany oil followed by wood ash combined with lime and wood ash alone can be suggested only when aphid infestations remain at the lower level.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86661092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic analysis of early maturing and late maturing rapeseed and mustard genotypes","authors":"Subroto Joyti, A. Robin","doi":"10.5455/faa.91309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.91309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89704234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hoque, Fatema Tuz-zohra, M. Seen, Rumana Biswas, A. Hosen, A. Hannan
Global climate change accelerates sea level raising that inundated new cultivation areas every year. Thus in Bangladesh new saline areas are created where general cultivation procedures and genotypes cannot be practiced. Focusing on this situation and also to reuse traditional cultivars in their natural habitats, it is imperative to explore their recent few years cultivation scenario. In this research, major focus was given on the current status and prospects of local salt tolerant rice cultivation in coastal areas of Bangladesh taking five years information under consideration from 2016 to 2020. Thus, a survey was conducted in the selected coastal region of Bangladesh by using data of 90 households through structured questionnaire. Research findings revealed about 80 indigenous rice genotypes grown in saline areas with their present characterization and market demands that had worthy potential to grow and expand further. The market value of these genotypes are very high and required very low labor and fertilizer cost. This survey revealed numerous weaknesses, including low yield, longer maturity time, lack of trustable seed sources, farmers’ knowledge, switching towards shrimp cultivation, less marketing facility, poor coordination with related organizations and limited financial and management planning. These limitations hampered the cultivation potentials of the local cultivars. This survey work also suggested farmer’s level recommendation for flourishing the cultivation of these local cultivars to a profitable level.
{"title":"Current status of salt tolerant indigenous rice genotypes, problems and feasibility at farmer's level in the coastal areas of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Hoque, Fatema Tuz-zohra, M. Seen, Rumana Biswas, A. Hosen, A. Hannan","doi":"10.5455/faa.71289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.71289","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change accelerates sea level raising that inundated new cultivation areas every year. Thus in Bangladesh new saline areas are created where general cultivation procedures and genotypes cannot be practiced. Focusing on this situation and also to reuse traditional cultivars in their natural habitats, it is imperative to explore their recent few years cultivation scenario. In this research, major focus was given on the current status and prospects of local salt tolerant rice cultivation in coastal areas of Bangladesh taking five years information under consideration from 2016 to 2020. Thus, a survey was conducted in the selected coastal region of Bangladesh by using data of 90 households through structured questionnaire. Research findings revealed about 80 indigenous rice genotypes grown in saline areas with their present characterization and market demands that had worthy potential to grow and expand further. The market value of these genotypes are very high and required very low labor and fertilizer cost. This survey revealed numerous weaknesses, including low yield, longer maturity time, lack of trustable seed sources, farmers’ knowledge, switching towards shrimp cultivation, less marketing facility, poor coordination with related organizations and limited financial and management planning. These limitations hampered the cultivation potentials of the local cultivars. This survey work also suggested farmer’s level recommendation for flourishing the cultivation of these local cultivars to a profitable level.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80455693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cherry tomato is an attractive, delicious, nutritious and healthy fruit which is very appealing to consumers. The demand of cherry tomato in the market is increasing day by day because of its superior quality and better sweet taste compared to large table tomatoes. A field experiment was conducted at the Landscaping Section of the Department of horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2018 to April 2019. The aim of this experiment was to study the growth and yield of cherry tomato cv. Binatomato-10 as influenced by determine the effects of different types of staking and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment included three types of staking viz., S0 = Single staking, S1 = Double staking, S2 = Trellis and five different levels of inorganic fertilizers treatment viz., T0 = Control, T1 = Nitrogen (N) @ 181 kg/ha, T2 = Phosphorus (P) @ 160 kg/ha, T3 = Potassium (K) @ 142 kg/ha, T4 = N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Different types of staking and inorganic fertilizers had significant influence on all the growth and yield contributing parameters under study. Results revealed that all the growth and yield parameters showed better performance in trellis plants along with N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha like highest plant height (150.84 cm), number of leaves (38.71) and branches per plant (7.56), longest leaf length (36.14 cm), maximum number of flower clusters (26.48), flowers (786.99) and fruits per plant (310.67), longest fruit length (4.4 cm) and diameter (2.9 cm), maximum individual fruit weight (10.0 g) and highest fruit yield (93.0 t/ha) while the parameters gave the lowest value from single staked plants with control. Therefore, trellis along with combined application of N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha was found to be better in respect of growth and yield of cherry tomato.
{"title":"Growth and yield of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme) as influenced by different types of staking and inorganic fertilizers","authors":"Khan, Rashid","doi":"10.5455/faa.92521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.92521","url":null,"abstract":"Cherry tomato is an attractive, delicious, nutritious and healthy fruit which is very appealing to consumers. The demand of cherry tomato in the market is increasing day by day because of its superior quality and better sweet taste compared to large table tomatoes. A field experiment was conducted at the Landscaping Section of the Department of horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2018 to April 2019. The aim of this experiment was to study the growth and yield of cherry tomato cv. Binatomato-10 as influenced by determine the effects of different types of staking and inorganic fertilizers. The experiment included three types of staking viz., S0 = Single staking, S1 = Double staking, S2 = Trellis and five different levels of inorganic fertilizers treatment viz., T0 = Control, T1 = Nitrogen (N) @ 181 kg/ha, T2 = Phosphorus (P) @ 160 kg/ha, T3 = Potassium (K) @ 142 kg/ha, T4 = N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Different types of staking and inorganic fertilizers had significant influence on all the growth and yield contributing parameters under study. Results revealed that all the growth and yield parameters showed better performance in trellis plants along with N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha like highest plant height (150.84 cm), number of leaves (38.71) and branches per plant (7.56), longest leaf length (36.14 cm), maximum number of flower clusters (26.48), flowers (786.99) and fruits per plant (310.67), longest fruit length (4.4 cm) and diameter (2.9 cm), maximum individual fruit weight (10.0 g) and highest fruit yield (93.0 t/ha) while the parameters gave the lowest value from single staked plants with control. Therefore, trellis along with combined application of N+P+K @ (181+160+142) kg/ha was found to be better in respect of growth and yield of cherry tomato.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77709704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to optimize the protocol for plant regeneration from stem, leaf, and root explants of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri L). Explants from in vitro grown seedling of C. jambhiri were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentration of αNaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) for callus and shoot initiation. MS medium fortified with various concentrations of NAA were used for root formation. The range of callus initiation from stem explants of C. jambhiri was 13.33% to 80%, whereas 13.33% to 56.66% from leaf explants showed; and 6.66% to 36.66% from root explants. The frequency of shoot regeneration ranged from 13.33 to 70% from 15 days old callus. The highest frequency of callus initiation and shoot regeneration was observed in MS media supplemented with 1 mg L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L−1 BA; and MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 3 mg L−1 BA, respectively. Rooting frequency ranged from 6.66% to 96.66% in the regenerated shoots. The acclimatized plants transferred to field condition survived at 100% frequency. MS media supplemented with 1 mg L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L−1 BA is the proper medium for high frequency (80%) callus induction in C. jambhiri using stem explant. MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 3 mg L−1 BA and MS with 0.2 mg L−1 NAA are the best media for high frequency shoot regeneration (70%) and root initiation (96.66%), respectively.
{"title":"In vitro plant regeneration in rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri L.)","authors":"A. Papry, Sayeda Sultana, G. Deb, M. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.5455/faa.104895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/faa.104895","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to optimize the protocol for plant regeneration from stem, leaf, and root explants of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri L). Explants from in vitro grown seedling of C. jambhiri were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentration of αNaphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) for callus and shoot initiation. MS medium fortified with various concentrations of NAA were used for root formation. The range of callus initiation from stem explants of C. jambhiri was 13.33% to 80%, whereas 13.33% to 56.66% from leaf explants showed; and 6.66% to 36.66% from root explants. The frequency of shoot regeneration ranged from 13.33 to 70% from 15 days old callus. The highest frequency of callus initiation and shoot regeneration was observed in MS media supplemented with 1 mg L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L−1 BA; and MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 3 mg L−1 BA, respectively. Rooting frequency ranged from 6.66% to 96.66% in the regenerated shoots. The acclimatized plants transferred to field condition survived at 100% frequency. MS media supplemented with 1 mg L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L−1 BA is the proper medium for high frequency (80%) callus induction in C. jambhiri using stem explant. MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 3 mg L−1 BA and MS with 0.2 mg L−1 NAA are the best media for high frequency shoot regeneration (70%) and root initiation (96.66%), respectively.","PeriodicalId":53074,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental and Applied Agriculture","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77851136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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