Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-428-436
Egor A. Pustovit, Nikolai V. Pimenov
The purpose of the study was to compare cytological samples from two consecutive swabs obtained from ear canals of dogs with otitis externa and to determine the minimum number of samples required to obtain up-to-date information on the degree of microbiological contamination of the affected ear canals. Samples were obtained using sterile applicators with a cotton tip, which were sequentially inserted into ear canal until slight resistance (the junction between vertical and horizontal parts of ear canal), after making a circular motion, the applicator was removed and the material from the tip was applied to the glass slide with rolling movements so that on each slide there were four single parallel smears - two from each ear of the dog. The slides were air dried for one hour and stained using the standard Diff-Quick method. The actual counting was carried out at 1000 magnification (at a high magnification field). Bacteria were differentiated according to their shape into cocci and bacilli. The numbers of bacteria and fungi in the two samples were compared using the Wilcoxon matched pair test. Qualitative agreement between two consecutive swabs was determined using the k-test. Among the studied animals, a breed predisposition to otitis externa was revealed in Cocker Spaniels and French Bulldogs, and an anatomical predisposition in animals with drooping auricles. There was no significant difference in the number of microorganisms present in two ear cytology samples taken consecutively from the same ear at the same site in the external auditory canal, and there was significant agreement between the results of two consecutive smears for the presence of cocci and rods. For yeast, the agreement was only moderate. The data obtained indicate that in cases of otitis externa in dogs, reproducibility of cytological pattern with a single sample of material, as a rule, reflects current stage of pathogenesis of the disease and provides the best opportunity to detect local proliferative activity of opportunistic microbiota and corresponding inflammatory response of the macroorganism.
{"title":"Cytological and microbiotic aspects of the diagnosis of otitis externa in dogs","authors":"Egor A. Pustovit, Nikolai V. Pimenov","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-428-436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-428-436","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to compare cytological samples from two consecutive swabs obtained from ear canals of dogs with otitis externa and to determine the minimum number of samples required to obtain up-to-date information on the degree of microbiological contamination of the affected ear canals. Samples were obtained using sterile applicators with a cotton tip, which were sequentially inserted into ear canal until slight resistance (the junction between vertical and horizontal parts of ear canal), after making a circular motion, the applicator was removed and the material from the tip was applied to the glass slide with rolling movements so that on each slide there were four single parallel smears - two from each ear of the dog. The slides were air dried for one hour and stained using the standard Diff-Quick method. The actual counting was carried out at 1000 magnification (at a high magnification field). Bacteria were differentiated according to their shape into cocci and bacilli. The numbers of bacteria and fungi in the two samples were compared using the Wilcoxon matched pair test. Qualitative agreement between two consecutive swabs was determined using the k-test. Among the studied animals, a breed predisposition to otitis externa was revealed in Cocker Spaniels and French Bulldogs, and an anatomical predisposition in animals with drooping auricles. There was no significant difference in the number of microorganisms present in two ear cytology samples taken consecutively from the same ear at the same site in the external auditory canal, and there was significant agreement between the results of two consecutive smears for the presence of cocci and rods. For yeast, the agreement was only moderate. The data obtained indicate that in cases of otitis externa in dogs, reproducibility of cytological pattern with a single sample of material, as a rule, reflects current stage of pathogenesis of the disease and provides the best opportunity to detect local proliferative activity of opportunistic microbiota and corresponding inflammatory response of the macroorganism.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-399-410
Natalya A. Khudyakova, Irina S. Kozhevnikova, Alexandra O. Stupina, Inga A. Klassen, Iya V. Selkova
The results of research on the frequency of genotypes AA, AB, BB and alleles A and B of milk protein beta-lactoglobulin in various cattle breeds over the past decades were presented and summarized. The livestock of the following foreign countries was considered: Italy, India and the Czech Republic. Also, on the territory of the Russian Federation, breeding stock and sires of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Pskov, Samara and Arkhangelsk regions, as well as sires in the Altai Territory, were studied. Black-and-White breed is the most studied one. Moreover, there are data on the Simmental and Kholmogory breeds of cattle. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Black-and-White breed in farms ranged from 0.21 to 0.64. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Simmental breed in farms ranged from 0.42 to 0.65. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Kholmogory breed in farms was from 0.60 to 0.70. The frequency of allele B among sires of Black-and-White breed ranged from 0.43 to 0.69. In most farms, BB genotype leads in terms of quality indicators of milk productivity, and AB genotype leads in quantitative indicators of milk productivity. However, in some farms, AA genotype prevails in terms of milk yield and protein, and this genotype is also associated with a high content of dry skimmed milk residue and resistance to mastitis. Thus, further in-depth study of the beta-lactoglobulin gene is necessary, since new data will expand the understanding of the effect of this gene on economically useful traits of animals and will eliminate contradictions in the available data.
{"title":"Allelic frequency of beta-lactoglobulin gene in different cattle breeds","authors":"Natalya A. Khudyakova, Irina S. Kozhevnikova, Alexandra O. Stupina, Inga A. Klassen, Iya V. Selkova","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-399-410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-399-410","url":null,"abstract":"The results of research on the frequency of genotypes AA, AB, BB and alleles A and B of milk protein beta-lactoglobulin in various cattle breeds over the past decades were presented and summarized. The livestock of the following foreign countries was considered: Italy, India and the Czech Republic. Also, on the territory of the Russian Federation, breeding stock and sires of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Pskov, Samara and Arkhangelsk regions, as well as sires in the Altai Territory, were studied. Black-and-White breed is the most studied one. Moreover, there are data on the Simmental and Kholmogory breeds of cattle. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Black-and-White breed in farms ranged from 0.21 to 0.64. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Simmental breed in farms ranged from 0.42 to 0.65. The frequency of allele B among the breeding stock of Kholmogory breed in farms was from 0.60 to 0.70. The frequency of allele B among sires of Black-and-White breed ranged from 0.43 to 0.69. In most farms, BB genotype leads in terms of quality indicators of milk productivity, and AB genotype leads in quantitative indicators of milk productivity. However, in some farms, AA genotype prevails in terms of milk yield and protein, and this genotype is also associated with a high content of dry skimmed milk residue and resistance to mastitis. Thus, further in-depth study of the beta-lactoglobulin gene is necessary, since new data will expand the understanding of the effect of this gene on economically useful traits of animals and will eliminate contradictions in the available data.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-350-360
Natalia M. Nazarova
Urbanized environment is considered as a stressor for individual plants and their communities that form green frame of the city. Changes in structure of plant populations in cities are analyzed as an important indicator of environmental quality. Therefore, phytoindication of quality of the environment in conditions of the city is currently becoming relevant in the context of its optimization. The purpose of the research was to study biometric parameters and seed germination of Syringa vulgaris L., growing in areas with increased anthropogenic pressure in comparison with a conditionally clean area. Within the framework of this work, morphometric parameters of lilac seeds growing in areas with a high level of anthropogenic pollution were described. Indicators of reproductive ability of lilacs (laboratory and soil germination) were assessed. According to the results of the observations, it was established that the biometric parameters of S. vulgaris seeds are not indicative and cannot be used in assessing the quality of the environment. The data obtained during laboratory and soil germination of S. vulgaris seeds can be used to characterize the ecological state of sampling areas. Under more favorable environmental conditions (control), germination is much higher than under anthropogenically modified environmental conditions. Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment of laboratory and soil germination, the following distribution of the administrative districts of Orenburg was established according to the degree of anthropogenic pollution (from the most clean to the most environmentally unstable): Zauralnaya Grove Industrial District Dzerzhinsky District Leninsky District Central District.
{"title":"Seeds of Syringa vulgaris L. as a possible object for phytoindication studies of urban environment in Orenburg","authors":"Natalia M. Nazarova","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-350-360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-3-350-360","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanized environment is considered as a stressor for individual plants and their communities that form green frame of the city. Changes in structure of plant populations in cities are analyzed as an important indicator of environmental quality. Therefore, phytoindication of quality of the environment in conditions of the city is currently becoming relevant in the context of its optimization. The purpose of the research was to study biometric parameters and seed germination of Syringa vulgaris L., growing in areas with increased anthropogenic pressure in comparison with a conditionally clean area. Within the framework of this work, morphometric parameters of lilac seeds growing in areas with a high level of anthropogenic pollution were described. Indicators of reproductive ability of lilacs (laboratory and soil germination) were assessed. According to the results of the observations, it was established that the biometric parameters of S. vulgaris seeds are not indicative and cannot be used in assessing the quality of the environment. The data obtained during laboratory and soil germination of S. vulgaris seeds can be used to characterize the ecological state of sampling areas. Under more favorable environmental conditions (control), germination is much higher than under anthropogenically modified environmental conditions. Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment of laboratory and soil germination, the following distribution of the administrative districts of Orenburg was established according to the degree of anthropogenic pollution (from the most clean to the most environmentally unstable): Zauralnaya Grove Industrial District Dzerzhinsky District Leninsky District Central District.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-20-30
T. Zubkova, D. Vinogradov
As development of mushroom industry in Russia is growing, and the amount of spent mushroom composts is increasing, they are actively used as organomineral fertilizers for agricultural crops. Therefore, from the rather large problem of storing waste composts, these fertilizers began to be in great demand in the agricultural industry. Organic fertilizers are characterized by a high percentage of nutrients. They are able to improve physical properties of soil by increasing aggregative stability and reducing soil density. Organic fertilizers improve biological and biochemical properties of soil, and positively affect the development of soil microbial community. In the experiments, the content of nutrients in fresh compost and compost after one year of storage averaged: ash content - 8.0 and 74.1 %; organic matter - 66.3 and 25.9 %; NPK (%) - 0.50, 0.63, 0.44 and 0.45, 0.51, 0.39, respectively, under a favorable soil acidity (pH 8.0-7.3). In studies carried out on dark grey forest soils of the Ryazan region, the maximum productivity of agricultural crops was noted in variants with application of half-ripened compost: the yield of spring wheat was 2.82 t/ha (+ 0.23 t/ha compared to the control); spring barley - 3.21 t/ha (+0.17); spring rapeseed - 1.77 t/ha (+0.24); potato cv. Vympel - 27.91 (+ 4.41); potato cv. Kolobok - 11.21 t/ha (+1.63); pea - 2.10 t/ha (+0.21). The high efficiency of spent mushroom composts as fertilizers for increasing yields of spring barley and wheat, spring rapeseed, potatoes and peas was confirmed.
{"title":"Influence of spent mushroom compost on crop productivity","authors":"T. Zubkova, D. Vinogradov","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-20-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-20-30","url":null,"abstract":"As development of mushroom industry in Russia is growing, and the amount of spent mushroom composts is increasing, they are actively used as organomineral fertilizers for agricultural crops. Therefore, from the rather large problem of storing waste composts, these fertilizers began to be in great demand in the agricultural industry. Organic fertilizers are characterized by a high percentage of nutrients. They are able to improve physical properties of soil by increasing aggregative stability and reducing soil density. Organic fertilizers improve biological and biochemical properties of soil, and positively affect the development of soil microbial community. In the experiments, the content of nutrients in fresh compost and compost after one year of storage averaged: ash content - 8.0 and 74.1 %; organic matter - 66.3 and 25.9 %; NPK (%) - 0.50, 0.63, 0.44 and 0.45, 0.51, 0.39, respectively, under a favorable soil acidity (pH 8.0-7.3). In studies carried out on dark grey forest soils of the Ryazan region, the maximum productivity of agricultural crops was noted in variants with application of half-ripened compost: the yield of spring wheat was 2.82 t/ha (+ 0.23 t/ha compared to the control); spring barley - 3.21 t/ha (+0.17); spring rapeseed - 1.77 t/ha (+0.24); potato cv. Vympel - 27.91 (+ 4.41); potato cv. Kolobok - 11.21 t/ha (+1.63); pea - 2.10 t/ha (+0.21). The high efficiency of spent mushroom composts as fertilizers for increasing yields of spring barley and wheat, spring rapeseed, potatoes and peas was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42346471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-31-44
D. Mitrofanov
The research was carried out on southern chernozems in arid conditions of the Orenburg Urals in 2002-2021. The influence of agrometeorological conditions of the growing season, spring reserves of soil moisture and nutrients, cellulolytic activity of microorganisms, content of organic matter, humus and acidity in the soil after applying mineral fertilizers on increasing productivity of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) cv. Orenburg 9 were studied. The soil and millet crops were selected as the object of research. The work uses field, thermastatic-weight, ionometric, Machigin, application-weight, Tyurin, dispersion and statistical methods of research. Field experiments were performed in four-field, two-field crop rotations and continuous cropping according to the following scheme: 1) Sowing after durum wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow (control); 2) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow; 3) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of soil-protective fallow; 4) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of sideral fallow; 5) Sowing after durum wheat; 6) Millet continuous cropping. It was revealed that the studied factors in the experiment increased millet productivity under two-field crop rotation with durum wheat after fertilizers application. Compared to the control, the maximum increase of grain yield was after using ammophos complex fertilizer (N40P40) - by 0.45 tons; feed units - 0.44; energy units - 0.26 and feed protein units - 0.24 t/ha. The best effect on increasing productivity was provided by: July precipitation - 28.05 %, spring reserves of productive moisture in 0-30 cm soil layer -- 25.96 %; in 0-100 cm - 20.86 %, nitrate content - 71.80 %, phosphorus - 38.05 %, potassium - 33.07 %, microbial activity (cellulose decomposition) - 62.32 % (p 0.05) compared to the control. The highest organic matter content (17.6 %) and humus (3.5 %) in soil and neutral acidity (pH = 7.0) create favorable conditions for growing millet after durum wheat. As a result of research on other crops, it was found that these factors do not affect yield increase. Positive results of the influence of factors can be useful in increasing millet productivity.
{"title":"Effect of mineral fertilizers, forecrops and soil-climatic conditions on millet productivity in steppe zone of the Southern Urals","authors":"D. Mitrofanov","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-31-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-31-44","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out on southern chernozems in arid conditions of the Orenburg Urals in 2002-2021. The influence of agrometeorological conditions of the growing season, spring reserves of soil moisture and nutrients, cellulolytic activity of microorganisms, content of organic matter, humus and acidity in the soil after applying mineral fertilizers on increasing productivity of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) cv. Orenburg 9 were studied. The soil and millet crops were selected as the object of research. The work uses field, thermastatic-weight, ionometric, Machigin, application-weight, Tyurin, dispersion and statistical methods of research. Field experiments were performed in four-field, two-field crop rotations and continuous cropping according to the following scheme: 1) Sowing after durum wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow (control); 2) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of black fallow; 3) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of soil-protective fallow; 4) Sowing after common wheat in the aftereffect of sideral fallow; 5) Sowing after durum wheat; 6) Millet continuous cropping. It was revealed that the studied factors in the experiment increased millet productivity under two-field crop rotation with durum wheat after fertilizers application. Compared to the control, the maximum increase of grain yield was after using ammophos complex fertilizer (N40P40) - by 0.45 tons; feed units - 0.44; energy units - 0.26 and feed protein units - 0.24 t/ha. The best effect on increasing productivity was provided by: July precipitation - 28.05 %, spring reserves of productive moisture in 0-30 cm soil layer -- 25.96 %; in 0-100 cm - 20.86 %, nitrate content - 71.80 %, phosphorus - 38.05 %, potassium - 33.07 %, microbial activity (cellulose decomposition) - 62.32 % (p 0.05) compared to the control. The highest organic matter content (17.6 %) and humus (3.5 %) in soil and neutral acidity (pH = 7.0) create favorable conditions for growing millet after durum wheat. As a result of research on other crops, it was found that these factors do not affect yield increase. Positive results of the influence of factors can be useful in increasing millet productivity.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47863992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-9-19
S. Y. Platonova, Carlos J. Torres Mino, E. M. Gins, M. Gins, E. Romanova
The study of variability of morphological features in red-colored varieties of amaranth and their correlations at different stages in the conditions of the Moscow region makes it possible to identify features that affect productivity, amount of amaranthine and other biologically active substances. After analyzing vegetative characteristics, the varietal features of amaranth plants were proved to have a smaller impact on root length, plant height and number of leaves characteristics than the cultivation conditions, especially at the initial stages (ISB (Influence share of the weather conditions) from 22 to 58 %). It follows from the phenotypic variability analysis that the genotypic component values varied significantly only at the last stages (Cvg 35 %). The maximum values of phenotypic variability were marked in all varieties at the stage of active growth considering the root length (Cve = 3247 %) and the number of leaves (Cve = 4885 %). The generative characteristics seemed to be significantly influenced by the varietal factor (ISA (Influence share of varietal characteristics) = 4088 %) starting from the third stage. The genotypic component of all varieties was high considering the inflorescence weight (Cvg = 7586 %). In signs of general productivity, it was studied that the leaves (93112 g/plant) contributed the most for amaranth forms, which mass in all varieties largely depended on weather conditions (ISB 55 %). The interrelation of the leaves productivity was noted high with all the vegetative characteristics on phase III-V (r = 0.710.92) and with inflorescence mass on phase V-VI.
{"title":"Variability of morphological characteristics of red forms of amaranth with a high content of biologically active substances under conditions of the Moscow region","authors":"S. Y. Platonova, Carlos J. Torres Mino, E. M. Gins, M. Gins, E. Romanova","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-9-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-9-19","url":null,"abstract":"The study of variability of morphological features in red-colored varieties of amaranth and their correlations at different stages in the conditions of the Moscow region makes it possible to identify features that affect productivity, amount of amaranthine and other biologically active substances. After analyzing vegetative characteristics, the varietal features of amaranth plants were proved to have a smaller impact on root length, plant height and number of leaves characteristics than the cultivation conditions, especially at the initial stages (ISB (Influence share of the weather conditions) from 22 to 58 %). It follows from the phenotypic variability analysis that the genotypic component values varied significantly only at the last stages (Cvg 35 %). The maximum values of phenotypic variability were marked in all varieties at the stage of active growth considering the root length (Cve = 3247 %) and the number of leaves (Cve = 4885 %). The generative characteristics seemed to be significantly influenced by the varietal factor (ISA (Influence share of varietal characteristics) = 4088 %) starting from the third stage. The genotypic component of all varieties was high considering the inflorescence weight (Cvg = 7586 %). In signs of general productivity, it was studied that the leaves (93112 g/plant) contributed the most for amaranth forms, which mass in all varieties largely depended on weather conditions (ISB 55 %). The interrelation of the leaves productivity was noted high with all the vegetative characteristics on phase III-V (r = 0.710.92) and with inflorescence mass on phase V-VI.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42799604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-105-115
V. Terletskiy, V. Tyshchenko
Molecular genetic technologies are taking an increasing place in breeding work to improve existing breeds and populations of chickens, as well as in programs to preserve a valuable gene pool. Small local breeds are a source of valuable genes that can be used in breeding. The aim of this work was to obtain new knowledge about the structure of genomic DNA of six chicken populations using multilocus analysis with a labeled molecular probe (GTG)5. Multilocus analysis using labeled DNA probes provides working simultaneously with a large number of genetic loci and calculating population genetic parameters both within populations and between them. The data on use of the multilocus probe (GTG)5 in molecular hybridization reaction in six breeds and populations of chickens were analyzed. The results revealed a large genetic distance between Black-and-White Australorp and the Bald-necked chickens (D = 0.155). Bald-necked chickens are bred in isolation from other breeds to maintain the unique trait of naked necks. According to the criterion of average heterozygosity, the population of Bald-necked chickens surpassed the Yurlov Crowers and Black-and-White Australorps. Obviously, this is due to the intensive breeding work carried out in the last two populations, which reduces genetic diversity. Marker DNA fragments specific for individual breeds were identified. The effectiveness of multilocus analysis as a tool for identifying the features of genome organization in chicken breeds and populations was confirmed.
{"title":"Structure of genomic DNA in chicken populations revealed by multilocus DNA probe","authors":"V. Terletskiy, V. Tyshchenko","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-105-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-105-115","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular genetic technologies are taking an increasing place in breeding work to improve existing breeds and populations of chickens, as well as in programs to preserve a valuable gene pool. Small local breeds are a source of valuable genes that can be used in breeding. The aim of this work was to obtain new knowledge about the structure of genomic DNA of six chicken populations using multilocus analysis with a labeled molecular probe (GTG)5. Multilocus analysis using labeled DNA probes provides working simultaneously with a large number of genetic loci and calculating population genetic parameters both within populations and between them. The data on use of the multilocus probe (GTG)5 in molecular hybridization reaction in six breeds and populations of chickens were analyzed. The results revealed a large genetic distance between Black-and-White Australorp and the Bald-necked chickens (D = 0.155). Bald-necked chickens are bred in isolation from other breeds to maintain the unique trait of naked necks. According to the criterion of average heterozygosity, the population of Bald-necked chickens surpassed the Yurlov Crowers and Black-and-White Australorps. Obviously, this is due to the intensive breeding work carried out in the last two populations, which reduces genetic diversity. Marker DNA fragments specific for individual breeds were identified. The effectiveness of multilocus analysis as a tool for identifying the features of genome organization in chicken breeds and populations was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41657189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-135-144
A. Rudenko, A. Karamyan, Denis S. Usenko, E. Krotova, R. Rogov, I.E. Prozorovskiy
Acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis of cats is a common disease associated with the inflammation of bile ducts and liver parenchyma, characterized by development of a pronounced hepatodepressive syndrome (hypoalbuminemia), cytolysis (increase in serum activity of alanine and asparagine transaminase), cholestasis (increase in serum concentration of bilirubin, cholesterol, activity of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase), intoxication, dehydration, mesenchymal-inflammatory and pain syndromes. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of treatment for acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis in cats with average severity of the pathology course. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study included a cohort of cats (n = 12) with acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis. Clinical, hematological, ultrasonographic, statistical methods of investigation were used in this work. For sick cats with medium severity form of cholangiohepatitis, when administered as a complex therapy the combination of marbofloxacin, metronidazole, ursodeoxycholic acid, cyancobolamine, tocopherol acetate, infusion therapy also had a good therapeutic effect, which was accompanied by improved clinical and laboratory performance. In the blood of cats with cholangiohepatitis, in the background of intensive therapy, there was a significant decrease in white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and in serum, there was an increase in albumin concentration, reduction of creatinine, aminotransferase activity, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, lipase.
{"title":"Treatment for cholangiohepatitis in cats","authors":"A. Rudenko, A. Karamyan, Denis S. Usenko, E. Krotova, R. Rogov, I.E. Prozorovskiy","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-135-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-135-144","url":null,"abstract":"Acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis of cats is a common disease associated with the inflammation of bile ducts and liver parenchyma, characterized by development of a pronounced hepatodepressive syndrome (hypoalbuminemia), cytolysis (increase in serum activity of alanine and asparagine transaminase), cholestasis (increase in serum concentration of bilirubin, cholesterol, activity of alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase), intoxication, dehydration, mesenchymal-inflammatory and pain syndromes. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of treatment for acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis in cats with average severity of the pathology course. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study included a cohort of cats (n = 12) with acute bacterial cholangiohepatitis. Clinical, hematological, ultrasonographic, statistical methods of investigation were used in this work. For sick cats with medium severity form of cholangiohepatitis, when administered as a complex therapy the combination of marbofloxacin, metronidazole, ursodeoxycholic acid, cyancobolamine, tocopherol acetate, infusion therapy also had a good therapeutic effect, which was accompanied by improved clinical and laboratory performance. In the blood of cats with cholangiohepatitis, in the background of intensive therapy, there was a significant decrease in white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and in serum, there was an increase in albumin concentration, reduction of creatinine, aminotransferase activity, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, lipase.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48963112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-124-134
E. Kulikov, Nikolai V. Babichev, Alena I. Telezhenkova, Nikolai S. Bugrov, P. Rudenko
Despite the creation of more and more new generations of antibacterial agents, the correction of intestinal dysbiosis in animals currently remains one of the most complex and urgent problems in clinical veterinary medicine. The article presents an analysis of the pathogenetic manifestation (microbial background, hematological analytes) in decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in domestic cats in the dynamics of its correction. The aim of the study was to study the comparative effectiveness of various pharmacotherapy regimens for decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in cats. The data shows that when correcting decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in domestic cats, the most rational treatment regimen is the complex use of Lactobifadol probiotic (contains at least 1.0 106 CFU/g of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus LG1-DEP-VGIKI and 8.0 107 CFU/g of bifidobacteria Bifidobacterium adolescentis B-1-DEP-VGNKI), Vetelact prebiotic (contains lactulose - not less than 50 %), Azoksivet immunomodulator (contains 1.5 mg of azoximer bromide in 1 ml), as well as infusion therapy (intravenous drip injection of 10 ml/kg of 0.9 % sodium chloride solution; 10 ml/kg of 5 % glucose solution; 5 ml/kg of rheosorbelact and 2.5 ml/kg of refortan). This was confirmed by the results of pathogenetic picture (analysis of the microbial background and individual hematological analytes), in the dynamics of pharmacotherapy, namely before the start of correction, as well as on days 7 and 14. The improvement of diagnostic approaches and methods for correcting the most severe degree of intestinal dysbacteriosis (the stage of decompensation) creates prerequisites for the future study of dysbiotic disorders of the intestinal tract in other animal species, considering the severity of its manifestation.
{"title":"Analysis of pathogenetic manifestation of decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in cats","authors":"E. Kulikov, Nikolai V. Babichev, Alena I. Telezhenkova, Nikolai S. Bugrov, P. Rudenko","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-124-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-124-134","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the creation of more and more new generations of antibacterial agents, the correction of intestinal dysbiosis in animals currently remains one of the most complex and urgent problems in clinical veterinary medicine. The article presents an analysis of the pathogenetic manifestation (microbial background, hematological analytes) in decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in domestic cats in the dynamics of its correction. The aim of the study was to study the comparative effectiveness of various pharmacotherapy regimens for decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in cats. The data shows that when correcting decompensated intestinal dysbacteriosis in domestic cats, the most rational treatment regimen is the complex use of Lactobifadol probiotic (contains at least 1.0 106 CFU/g of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus LG1-DEP-VGIKI and 8.0 107 CFU/g of bifidobacteria Bifidobacterium adolescentis B-1-DEP-VGNKI), Vetelact prebiotic (contains lactulose - not less than 50 %), Azoksivet immunomodulator (contains 1.5 mg of azoximer bromide in 1 ml), as well as infusion therapy (intravenous drip injection of 10 ml/kg of 0.9 % sodium chloride solution; 10 ml/kg of 5 % glucose solution; 5 ml/kg of rheosorbelact and 2.5 ml/kg of refortan). This was confirmed by the results of pathogenetic picture (analysis of the microbial background and individual hematological analytes), in the dynamics of pharmacotherapy, namely before the start of correction, as well as on days 7 and 14. The improvement of diagnostic approaches and methods for correcting the most severe degree of intestinal dysbacteriosis (the stage of decompensation) creates prerequisites for the future study of dysbiotic disorders of the intestinal tract in other animal species, considering the severity of its manifestation.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45502131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-71-79
V. Y. Babenkov, A. Khakhlinov, R. D. Sangadzhiev, E. Makarova, Ochir S. Mergulchiev
In Russia, the number of beef cattle until recently was concentrated mainly in Kalmykia and adjacent regions. However, the lack of purposeful breeding has led to the fact that the purebred livestock of Kalmyk meat breed has significantly decreased and lost its unique qualities. Introduction of embryo transfer biotechnology can solve the problem of restoring breed qualities under the condition of accelerated reproduction of genotyped livestock. The aim of the research was to study Kalmyk breed response to polyovulation considering further increase in transferrable embryo productivity - the main indicator specific to each breed. As the formation of the breed took place in pasture conditions with a pronounced seasonal sexual cycle, there were doubts about the possibility of using embryo transfer technology in any season. The experiments were carried out on Kalmyk cows at Kalmytskoye farm in 2010 and at the Regional Research and Production Center for Reproduction of Farm Animals, Kalmyk State University, in 2022. The results of the study showed that it was better to synchronize sexual hunting using prostaglandins after 3-4 months after calving (May-October). According to the results of immunogenetic testing, 10 breeding cows and 2 breeding bulls were selected as donors. In September-October, in order to test the embryo transfer method in nomadic animal husbandry, the first work was carried out to stimulate poliovulation and obtain embryos from 3 donor cows. A total of 23 embryos and eggs were obtained, 10 of which were suitable for transplantation. Transferrable embryos were frozen on a ZEM-4 software freezer after equilibration in 1.5 M ethylene glycol cryoprotector solution.
{"title":"Biotechnologies for accelerated reproduction of Kalmyk cattle","authors":"V. Y. Babenkov, A. Khakhlinov, R. D. Sangadzhiev, E. Makarova, Ochir S. Mergulchiev","doi":"10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-71-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2023-18-1-71-79","url":null,"abstract":"In Russia, the number of beef cattle until recently was concentrated mainly in Kalmykia and adjacent regions. However, the lack of purposeful breeding has led to the fact that the purebred livestock of Kalmyk meat breed has significantly decreased and lost its unique qualities. Introduction of embryo transfer biotechnology can solve the problem of restoring breed qualities under the condition of accelerated reproduction of genotyped livestock. The aim of the research was to study Kalmyk breed response to polyovulation considering further increase in transferrable embryo productivity - the main indicator specific to each breed. As the formation of the breed took place in pasture conditions with a pronounced seasonal sexual cycle, there were doubts about the possibility of using embryo transfer technology in any season. The experiments were carried out on Kalmyk cows at Kalmytskoye farm in 2010 and at the Regional Research and Production Center for Reproduction of Farm Animals, Kalmyk State University, in 2022. The results of the study showed that it was better to synchronize sexual hunting using prostaglandins after 3-4 months after calving (May-October). According to the results of immunogenetic testing, 10 breeding cows and 2 breeding bulls were selected as donors. In September-October, in order to test the embryo transfer method in nomadic animal husbandry, the first work was carried out to stimulate poliovulation and obtain embryos from 3 donor cows. A total of 23 embryos and eggs were obtained, 10 of which were suitable for transplantation. Transferrable embryos were frozen on a ZEM-4 software freezer after equilibration in 1.5 M ethylene glycol cryoprotector solution.","PeriodicalId":53086,"journal":{"name":"RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45712764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：